Essa pesquisa trata do crescimento urbano e implicações ambientais de uma área na bacia do Guarapiranga. Essa área abrange parte dos municípios de São Paulo, Itapecerica da Serra e Embu Guaçu. O intuito é apresentar a evolução urbana da área entre os anos 1962 e 2001, com análises de fotografias áreas. Em uma escala intra-urbana, a pesquisa apresenta a interpretação de fotografias áreas para o ano de 2001 criando a carta de áreas homogêneas urbanas. Os principais dados dessa pesquisa são para o ano de 2001, de modo que pudemos os indicadores sócio-demográficos dos dados do censo do IBGE realizado para o ano de 2000.Com todos esses dados, podemos apontar os vetores de crescimento urbano da área, assim como seus problemas sócio-ambientais. / This research is about the urban growing in an area wich is considered model in the Guarapiranga´s Basin. This area encloses the citys of São Paulo, Itapecerica da Serra and Embu Guaçu. The intention is present the urban evolution of the area between the years 1962 and 2001, with analyses of aerial photography. In intra urban scale, the research presents the aerial photography\'s urban interpretation for the year 2001, making the maps of the urban homogenous zones areas. The main data or this research is about the year 2001, in the way that we could have the social demography in the IBGE´s censo data for the year 2000. With all this data, we have got the growing expansion city vectors as also the social and ambient problems.

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma leitura atenta que demonstre a importância do ciúme para a tessitura narrativa nos romances de Italo Svevo: Una vita (1892), Senilità (1898) e La coscienza di Zeno (1923). A partir da ordem de publicação de cada obra, pretende-se desvelar as relações amorosas, desnudando o modo como o ciúme apresenta-se nas histórias vividas pelos personagens. As diversas teorias que discorrem sobre o ciúme, ainda que de modos diferentes, convergem em um ponto, ou seja, no caráter triplo desse sentimento que terá, portanto, o triângulo como a forma geométrica que melhor o representa. Todavia, o ciúme será analisado neste estudo, sobretudo, à luz da teoria do filósofo francês, René Girard. Este trabalho ainda trata de duas questões fundamentais na obra de Svevo, intrinsicamente ligadas ao ciúme: o ambiente triestino, onde se desenrolam as histórias e o caráter inapto de seus protagonistas. / The main goal of this work is to produce an attentive reading that demonstrates the importance of jealousy shaping the narrative web in Italo Svevo\'s novels: Una vita (1892), Senilità (1898) e La coscienza di Zeno (1923). Following the chronological order of each piece, the intent is to unveil the amorous relationships by uncovering the manner jealousy is presented in characters\' histories. The diverse theories lecturing on jealousy -though may diverge in some aspects- end up converging in one: the triple aspect of the feeling, the triangle for its geometrical shape that very well represents it. However, jealousy will be taken in this study, most of all, enlightened by the french philosopher theory of René Girard. Furthermore, this thesis also deals with two important matters of Svevo\'s work, intrinsically linked to jealousy: the Triestian enviroment, where main characters\' storyline and inaptitude flourish.

Gruv12:an är en fackförening som varit verksam i LKAB under 100 år. Deras kamp för bättre villkor och arbetsmiljö är en process som har pågått lika länge. I deras kamp har alla möjliga konflikter och samarbeten uppkommit, deras berättelser ger oss en inblick i deras verklighet. Denna kvalitativa fallstudie kommer titta på hur historia, nutid och individ kan påverka framtiden. För att lyckas med detta kommer uppsatsen undersöka: hur arbetade Gruv12:an med arbetsmiljöfrågor under perioden 2002–2007. Denna uppsats belyser det arbete som pågått och pågick under perioden, den har även visat hur individen har arbetat och påverkat sin omgivning och framtid. / Mine12 is a union organisation that has been active in LKAB for 100 years, their struggle for better terms and working conditions is a process that is equelly long. In their struggle there have been all kinds of conflicts and cooperations, their story gives us an insight into their world and reality. This qualitative case study will look upon the history, the present and the individuals power to create the future. To succeed with this task the study will investigate how the Mine12 workers worked with work environment during the period 2002-2007. This essay will shed light on the work that was done during the period, but it has also shown how the individuals worked and effected their surroundings and future.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilaine_Della_Valentina_Goncalves.pdf: 1155715 bytes, checksum: bd6ed4706efb4fd4744ce4c15060dc2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / With the goal of providing informations on the best growing season and the best spacing between plants and rows, and in order to achieve higher return and quality of arugula cv. Bella, two experiments were led in Unioeste Marechal Cândido Rondon PR. The first experiment was performed in spring 2011 and autumn and winter 2012, aiming of evaluate arugula‟s growth. The second experiment was realized over spring 2011 and summer, autumn and winter 2012, evaluating the productive performance of arugula‟s plant. The experimental delineation used was a randomized block with four replications in a 3x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was consisted of three spacings‟ row (0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 m) and the second factor was consisted of two spacings between the plants (0.05 and 0.10 m). The cultivar used was Bella arugula. The first experiment: the highest value of leaf area and total leaf dry mass were obtained in the spring and winter seasons with spacing between row of 0.25 and 0.30 m and between plant‟s spacing of 0.10 m, so that on crops of autumn and winter seasons there was only seasonal effect to this feature. The specific leaf area was higher in spacing of plants with 0.10 m in the springtime, so that in autumn and winter there was only seasonal effect and obtained greater value for the variable in autumn. The absolute growth rate was influenced only by the spring season. In the autumn was verified effect of plants‟ spacings, with highest value of 0.10 m. During the winter crop there was effect of row spacings of 0.25 and 0.30 m and between plants of 0.10 m. These treatments have obtained better returns. About the relative growth rate there was effect in the spring and winter. The best results were obtained for the row spacing of 0.20 and 0.30 m during the autumn and presented a significant effect in plants of 0.10 m. Concerning the rate of net assimilation there was seasonal effect of the seasons of autumn and spring, with the greatest rate values obtained in autumn. The highest growth rate was obtained in plant spacing of 0.10 m. The sencond experiment: there was seasonal effect in plants‟ height, so that was verified taller plants in the spring and winter with values that did not differ statistically. The diameter of plants was higher in the winter, differing from the other seasons. The largest leaf area was noticed during the spring. The taller plants were found in plants‟ spacing of 0.05 m whose values differ from those verified in the spacing of 0.10 m. There was no difference in leaf area and diameter for different spacings. There was no difference in leaf area and diameter of plants for different plants‟ spacing. With regard to the row spacing was not found statistically significant differences for leaf area, leaf number and diameter plants. The unfolding of the interaction between seasons and spacings revealed that the highest number of leaves and total leaf fresh weight was obtained in plant spacing of 0.10 m and in the unfolding spacings in seasons, the highest average were obtained in the spring. Regarding productivity, the unfolding in spacings showed that the greater productivity in the spring, summer and winter was obtained in the spacing of 0.20 m, while the better cultivation spacing was 0.25 m in autumn. Unfolding the spacings in seasons, the best productivity results were obtained in the spring. The greatest productivity of arugula‟s cultivation was obtained in plants‟ spacings of 0.05 m / Com o objetivo de fornecer ao horticultor informações sobre a melhor época de cultivo e o melhor espaçamento entre plantas e entre linhas, visando obter maior rendimento e qualidade das plantas de rúcula cv. Bella foram conduzidos dois experimentos na Unioeste, Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido na época de primavera/2011, outono e inverno/ 2012, visando avaliar o crescimento das plantas de rúcula. O segundo experimento foi conduzido durante a primavera/2011, verão, outono e inverno/2012, avaliando o desempenho produtivo da mesma. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3x2, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator constituiu-se de três espaçamentos entre linhas (0,20; 0,25 e 0,30 m) e o segundo de dois espaçamentos entre plantas (0,05 e 0,10 m). A cultivar de rúcula utilizada foi a Bella. Primeiro experimento: os maiores valores de área foliar, massa seca total e foliar foram obtidas nas épocas de primavera e inverno e nos espaçamentos entre linhas de 0,25 e 0,30 m e entre plantas de 0,10 m. A maior razão de área foliar foi obtida no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,10 m na época de primavera, de modo que nos cultivos de outono e inverno houve somente efeito de época para esta característica. A área foliar especifica foi maior no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,10 m na época de primavera, de modo que no outono e inverno houve somente efeito de época, sendo no outono obtido maior valor para a variável. A taxa de crescimento absoluto foi influenciada somente pela época de primavera. No outono verificou-se efeito dos espaçamentos entre plantas, sendo o maior valor obtido no de 0,10 m. Durante o cultivo de inverno houve efeito dos espaçamentos entre linhas de 0,25 e 0,30 m e entre plantas de 0,10 m, sendo estes os tratamentos que obtiveram melhores resultados. Para a taxa de crescimento relativo verificou-se efeito das épocas de primavera e inverno. Na época de outono os melhores resultados foram verificados para os espaçamentos entre linhas de 0,20 e 0,30 m, que apresentou efeito significativo e entre plantas de 0,10 m. Com relação à taxa de assimilação líquida houve efeito das épocas de outono e primavera, sendo que os maiores valores da taxa foram obtidos na época de outono. A maior taxa de crescimento foi obtida no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,10 m. Segundo experimento: houve efeito da época para altura de plantas, sendo verificadas plantas mais altas na primavera e inverno, cujos valores não diferiram estatisticamente. O diâmetro das plantas foi maior no cultivo de inverno, diferindo das demais épocas. A maior área foliar das plantas foi verificada durante a época de primavera. As plantas mais altas foram encontradas no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,05 m, cujos valores diferiram dos observados no espaçamento de 0,10 m. Não houve diferença de área foliar e diâmetro de planta para os diferentes espaçamentos entre plantas. Com relação ao espaçamento entre linhas não foi verificado diferença estatística para área foliar, número de folhas e diâmetro das plantas. O desdobramento de épocas dentro de espaçamentos revelou que o maior número de folhas, massa fresca total e foliar foi obtida no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,10 m, e ao desdobrar os espaçamentos dentro de épocas, as maiores médias foram obtidas na primavera. Com relação à produtividade o desdobramento de épocas dentro de espaçamentos mostrou que a maior produtividade na primavera, verão e inverno foi obtida no espaçamento entre linhas de 0,20 m, enquanto que no cultivo de outono o melhor espaçamento para o cultivo de plantas de rúcula foi no de 0,25 m. Desdobrando espaçamentos dentro de épocas, os melhores resultados de produtividade foram obtidos na primavera. A maior produtividade da cultura de rúcula foi encontrada no espaçamento entre plantas de 0,05 m

A degradação ambiental dos últimos anos tem motivado a preocupação a respeito da sustentabilidade das atividades humanas. O manejo inadequado da irrigação e adubação, e baixas precipitações, para lixiviar o excesso de sais aplicados via água de irrigação, podem acarretar a salinização dos solos. A hidroponia se constitui em uma alternativa, para a conservação do solo e preservação dos mananciais de água. A rúcula (Eruca sativa Mill) foi a cultura escolhida para este estudo, pois a sua produção vem se destacando entre as hortaliças. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a tolerância da rúcula à salinidade da solução nutritiva. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido localizado na área experimental do Setor de Hidráulica do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz - ESALQ/USP, no município de Piracicaba-SP. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso. Avaliaram-se nove níveis de salinidade obtidos com a adição de NaCl sendo estes 1,8; 3,5; 4,5; 5,5; 6,5; 7,5; 8,5; 9,5; 10,5 dS m-1. Os resultado obtidos demonstram que o aumento nos níveis de salinidade proporcionou redução em todos os parâmetros avaliados, exceto o número de folhas que não sofreu influência significativa e a relação raiz/parte aérea foi influenciada de forma crescente. A salinidade limiar encontrada foi de 2,57 dS m-1, com redução de 5,57% na produção para cada aumento unitário na salinidade. A cultura da rúcula foi classificada, como moderadamente sensível à salinidade. É possível obter produções satisfatórias utilizando águas salinas no cultivo hidropônico da rúcula. / The environmental degradation in recent years has motivated the concern about the sustainability of human activities. The inadequate management of irrigation and low rainfall fertilization, to leach the excess salts applied through irrigation water, can lead to soil salinization. Hydroponics constitutes an alternative to soil conservation and preservation of water sources. The rocket (Eruca sativa Mill) was the culture chosen for this study because its production has been increasing among the vegetables. This study aimed to determine the tolerance of the rocket to the salinity of the nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out in protected enviroment on the experimental area of the Hydraulics Section of the University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks. It were evaluated nine levels of salinity obtained with the addition of NaCl and these 1.8, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, 10.5 dS m-1. The results obtained show that the increased levels of salinity caused a reduction in all parameters except the number of leaves was not affected and the ratio root/shoot was influenced incrementally. The salinity threshold was found to be 2.57 dS m-1, a reduction of 5.57% in production for each unit increase in salinity. The rocket press was classified as moderately sensitive to salinity. It is possible to obtain satisfactory production using saline water for hydroponic cultivation rocket press.

<p>Bakgrunden till vårt examensarbete var att Försäkringskassan hade som mål att sänka sjukfrånvaron hos personalen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka de anställdas uppfattning om vilka faktorer som ligger till grund för hög respektive låg sjukfrånvaro vid FK:s avdelning för aktivitetsstöd. Våra frågeställningar var:</p><ul><li>Varför har vissa enheter inom nationellt försäkringscenter på Försäkringskassan låg sjukfrånvaro och andra enheter hög sjukfrånvaro?</li><li>Hur påverkar ledarskapet anställdas sjukfrånvaro?</li><li>Hur påverkar arbetsmiljön sjukfrånvaron?</li><li>Hur uppfattar personalen inom aktivitetsstöd arbetsplatsens fysiska och psykosociala arbetsmiljö?</li></ul><p>Som fallstudieorganisation valdes Försäkringskassan/Nationellt försäkringscenter/aktivitetsstöd i Östersund.</p><p> </p><p>Vi valde en kvantitativ undersökning med tvärsnittsdesign. Våra resultat visade att oavsett om man arbetade på en enhet med låg eller hög sjukfrånvaro, upplevde många anställda brister i arbetsmiljön, höga krav och ett svagt ledarskap. Ett stort antal anställda kände olust när de gick till arbetet och av dessa var det ett stort antal som misströstade på grund av de svårigheter som de ställs inför på arbetsplatsen. Kände man stöd från chefen hade man mindre sömnsvårigheter, kände mindre olust och mindre muskuloskeletala smärtor.</p> / <p>The background of our thesis is that the Department of Social Insurance (Försäkringskassan) should lower their absenteeism amongst staff. There is a risk of high absenteeism at several units at the Försäkringskassan and a risk of high costs causes by illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the employees´ perception on the basis of high and low sick leave at the Försäkringskassan/ activity benefit. The research questions we asked ourselves were;</p><ul><li>Why do certain units at the Nationellt försäkringscenter/department of Social Insurance have low absenteeism and other units’ high absenteeism?</li><li>How does leadership affect the employees’ absenteeism?</li><li>How much does the satisfaction of work environment affect the employees’ absenteeism?</li><li>How do employees at Nationellt försäkringscenter/activity benefit perceive their physical and psychosocial work environment?</li></ul><p>As a case study organization, the Department of Social Insurance/Nationellt försäkringsccenter/activity benefit has been selected. The results, based on a quantitative survey and a cross-sectional design, show that whether you are working at a unit with low or high absenteeism, many employees have ailments such as pain and stress. This is because the work- environment, requirements and leadership does affect employees’ health. A large number of the employees´ feel dissatisfaction when they go to work and there are many who despair because of the difficulties they face at the workplace. With supported management the employees´ had less insomnia, dissatisfaction and less musculoskeletal disorders.</p>

No description available.

<p>För att ta reda på hur barn tänker om att vara ute på förskolan har jag gjort observationer och intervjuer med barn i ålder 3-5 år, på tre förskolor i en och samma kommun. Utemiljön på förskolorna är likartad, det som skiljer förskolorna åt är den pedagogiska inriktningen. Syftet har varit att ta reda på om det finns skillnader och likheter i barnens sätt att tänka. Hur de förstår årstidsväxlingar och hur der ser på sitt eget lärande. För mig som pedagog är det viktigt att utgå från barnens perspektiv. Genom att lyssna på barnen och sedan använda utemiljön som ett verktyg kan jag skapa bra förutsättningar för barns utveckling och lärande.</p><p>På de tre förskolorna leker barnen i stort sett samma lekar och använder samma redskap. Vid intervjuerna har barnen gett likartade svar och det som skiljer dem åt är barnens erfarenheter i och med deras ålder och utveckling.</p> / <p>I have investigated, through observing and by interviews in three preschools in the same community, what children at the age 3-5 years think about the surroundings at their preschool. The outdoor enviroments at the different preschools are more or less the same but the preschools differ in their pedagogies. The intention with the interviews was to find out if there were any similarity or difference between children how they think about the changes in seasons and how their learning skills progress. For me as a pedagogue it is very important to look at children from their perspective. I have to listen to what children talk about and how the outdoor enviroment is used as a tool to create the necessary conditions for childrens progress and learning.</p><p>At the three preschools the children were playing the same type of games and used the same tools to activate themselves. In the interviews children have given similar answers and the difference them has to do with their own age dependent experiences.</p>

<p>Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur några elever upplever grundskolans specialundervisning. Detta gjorde jag genom att göra så kallade fokusgrupper, gruppintervjuer med elever om ett speciellt ämne. Ämnet som jag ville att de skulle diskutera var specialundervisningen i grundskolan.</p><p>Resultatet kom fram i olika tema som eleverna upplever som viktiga. Två teman dominerade elevernas upplevelser av specialundervisning, nämligen, förhållningssätt och skolmiljön som finns runt omkring eleverna, lokalerna dvs. deras arbetsmiljö.</p><p>Studiens resultat pekar på betydelsen av att lärare utvecklar en bra relation till eleven som man arbetar med, för att inlärning skall ske på bästa sätt. Vidare framkom att en bra lärare lyssnar och finns till hands, och då även om det gäller andra saker än skolämnen.</p><p>Eleverna i studien ger uttryck för att de är väl insatta i sin utveckling och vill ta ansvar för sitt skolarbete, men behöver också stöd och hjälp från sin lärare. De vill utvecklas åt rätt håll, vill se framsteg och vill kunna känna sig nöjda med sitt arbete.</p><p>I min uppsats så känner eleverna glädje då de får delta i specialundervisningen och får ämnena förklarade ”på ett språk de förstår”.</p><p>Slutsatsen är att eleverna känner sig nöjda med att de får hjälp med sina svårigheter, men att hur undervisningen fungerar är mycket beroende av relationen lärare – elev.</p><p>Nyckelord Specialundervisning, Upplevelser, Förhållningssätt, Miljö</p> / <p>The purpose with this study was to examine how some pupils experience special needs education in compulsory school. I did this by conducting so called “focus groups” and group interviews with pupils from special teaching.</p><p>The result was displayed in different themes which the pupils themselves experience as important. The major theme was relations and social codes in their surrounding environment. The pupils stress the fact that good teacher-student relations to facilitate their learning. To the pupils a good teacher is someone that can listen and understand them even when it comes to other subjects that are not school related situations. The pupils are well aware of their progress and take full responsibility for their own school work but are still in need of help and support from their teacher. They want to develop in the right direction and want to succeed and be satisfied with their work in school.</p><p>The conclusion is that the pupils feel satisfaction when it comes to the help they receive due to their difficulties, but how the teaching is working depends very much on the teacher-student relations.</p><p>Keywords Special Need Education, Experiences, Relations, Enviroment</p>

Bakgrunden till vårt examensarbete var att Försäkringskassan hade som mål att sänka sjukfrånvaron hos personalen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka de anställdas uppfattning om vilka faktorer som ligger till grund för hög respektive låg sjukfrånvaro vid FK:s avdelning för aktivitetsstöd. Våra frågeställningar var: Varför har vissa enheter inom nationellt försäkringscenter på Försäkringskassan låg sjukfrånvaro och andra enheter hög sjukfrånvaro? Hur påverkar ledarskapet anställdas sjukfrånvaro? Hur påverkar arbetsmiljön sjukfrånvaron? Hur uppfattar personalen inom aktivitetsstöd arbetsplatsens fysiska och psykosociala arbetsmiljö? Som fallstudieorganisation valdes Försäkringskassan/Nationellt försäkringscenter/aktivitetsstöd i Östersund.   Vi valde en kvantitativ undersökning med tvärsnittsdesign. Våra resultat visade att oavsett om man arbetade på en enhet med låg eller hög sjukfrånvaro, upplevde många anställda brister i arbetsmiljön, höga krav och ett svagt ledarskap. Ett stort antal anställda kände olust när de gick till arbetet och av dessa var det ett stort antal som misströstade på grund av de svårigheter som de ställs inför på arbetsplatsen. Kände man stöd från chefen hade man mindre sömnsvårigheter, kände mindre olust och mindre muskuloskeletala smärtor. / The background of our thesis is that the Department of Social Insurance (Försäkringskassan) should lower their absenteeism amongst staff. There is a risk of high absenteeism at several units at the Försäkringskassan and a risk of high costs causes by illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the employees´ perception on the basis of high and low sick leave at the Försäkringskassan/ activity benefit. The research questions we asked ourselves were; Why do certain units at the Nationellt försäkringscenter/department of Social Insurance have low absenteeism and other units’ high absenteeism? How does leadership affect the employees’ absenteeism? How much does the satisfaction of work environment affect the employees’ absenteeism? How do employees at Nationellt försäkringscenter/activity benefit perceive their physical and psychosocial work environment? As a case study organization, the Department of Social Insurance/Nationellt försäkringsccenter/activity benefit has been selected. The results, based on a quantitative survey and a cross-sectional design, show that whether you are working at a unit with low or high absenteeism, many employees have ailments such as pain and stress. This is because the work- environment, requirements and leadership does affect employees’ health. A large number of the employees´ feel dissatisfaction when they go to work and there are many who despair because of the difficulties they face at the workplace. With supported management the employees´ had less insomnia, dissatisfaction and less musculoskeletal disorders.