<p>This study deals with an important and challenging issue that each school is facing today, that is the prevention work of bullying. The purpose is to investigate how two elementary schools define bullying and how the work of prevention looks like today. The study highlights two models, Farsta and Friends, that many schools follows in their work and struggle against bullying. We conducted this study by looking at how bullying looks at two elementary schools. How these schools developed working method in order to secure a safe environment for all children in the school.</p><p>The findings in this study highlighted the involvement of these two schools in the work of prevention against bullying, which methods they used and how these schools worked intensively with organisations such as Friends. As a conclusion we want to say that there is an excellent work that is going on in these schools but the struggle is not over.</p>

<p>The law of 2006 about Equal treatment, has been put in place to stop discrimination of students, example based on their gender. The law has an important function to increase the equality of opportunity between girls and boys in school. Therefore the teacher has an imported roll for raising the equality of opportunity between girls and boys in school. That’s why it’s imported to work gender awareness. The purpose of this paper is to examine the teacher’s awareness of gender. This has been accomplished by describing the teacher’s gender awareness through their teaching. In this study the equity feminism and the gender feminism perspectives will be used to get the two different perspectives way’s to see and apprehend gender. These two different perspectives will be used as our instrument to analyse the teacher’s gender awareness. The methods implemented in this study, are interviews with open questions and a questionnaire. The conclusion shows that the teachers own self understanding about gender awareness is very important in the contributing part in the creation of stereo typical gender rolls, which can prevent the student’s individual progression. From an equity feminism perspective shall the teachers look threw an individual perspective and not from their gender. The teachers shall see similarities between girls and boys, to raise equality of opportunity between girls and boys in school. In comparison to gender feminism doses it exist biological differences between girls and boys. Therefore shall the teachers observe the difference, to raise equality of opportunity between girls and boys in school.</p>

<p>Lagar är till för att följas. Lagar skapas, omarbetas, byts ut och tas bort. Skolorna ska följa dessa många lagar och riktlinjer och bland dem finns skollagen och läroplanen. Samtidigt ska kommunerna följa de revideringar som genomförs och skolorna får ett större ansvar där elevernas bästa ska stå i centrum. I samband med att<em> Lagen om förbud mot diskriminering och annan kränkande behandling av barn och elever (2006:67)</em> trädde i kraft 2006 ställdes högre krav på skolorna och kommunernas arbete mot mobbning och kränkande behandling. På varje enhet skulle en likabehandlingsplan upprättas där åtgärder mot mobbning och kränkande behandling skulle redovisas. Dessutom skulle kommunerna året därpå ha granskat likabehandlingsplanerna för att redovisa resultaten av dessa i kvalitetsredovisningarna för kommunens skolverksamhet.</p><p>Syftet med den här kvalitativa uppsatsen är att se ifall kommunerna i Västmanlands län har granskat och utvärderat skolornas likabehandlingsplaner, hur skillnaderna och olikheterna ser ut emellan dem och ifall man kan tolka hur organisationsarbetet fungerar inom kommunerna. Detta sker granskning av valda lagar, kommunernas kvalitetsredovisningar samt genom teoretiska ramar kring mobbning och organisationsarbete. Skollagen anammar ett samarbete med hemmen men mitt resultat visar att bara några kommuner följer detta. Flera lagar och riktlinjer menar att barn i behov av särskilt stöd ska prioriteras men ingenstans står det vilka barn som ingår under denna kategori. Kommunernas kvalitetsredovisningar visar olika resultat av mobbningsåtgärder. Några kommuner samarbetar med andra instanser inom kommunen, med hemmet och en del har sett brister i sitt arbete mot mobbning. Tänkbara anledningar till de olika resultaten kan bero på ekonomiska skillnader, brist på kompetensutbildning och hur personalens eget intresse för den pågående problematiken i skolorna ser ut. Det vore intressant att undersöka vidare hur arbetet mot mobbning ser ut på skolor där alla ekonomiska förutsättningar finns och där dessutom involverad personal har ett stort intresse för att mobbningsåtgärderna ska fungera och utvecklas. Även en undersökning där en tydlig definition av barn i behov av särskilt stöd ges vore givande för framtida utveckling av skolorna</p> / <p>Schools are supposed to comply with laws and guidelines such as the Education Act and Swedish curricula. Supposedly, municipalities comply with each adjustments or alteration made. Schools are handed a bigger responsibility for the well being of their students as a consequence of the 2006 <em>Act against discrimination and other degrading treatment of children and pupils</em> (2006:67). Demands on the schools’ and municipalities’ work against bullying and degrading treatment increased. Each section within each municipality was to present an Equal Treatment Plan containing measures against bullying and degrading treatment. The following year, all equality plans were to be put under scrutiny and the results published publicly. The aim of this paper is to (1) see if the municipalities in Västmanland County has reviewed and evaluated their schools’ Equal Treatment Plan, (2) report on differences between them and (3) see if you can interpret how the work was organized. Some municipalities show great results in their work against bullying and discrimination while others acknowledge shortcomings.. Measures taken against bullying and discriminating behavior differ. Explanations to the different results may be economic disparities, lack of skills, and the staff's indifference towards ongoing problems in the schools. The Higher Education Act proposes a close partnership between teachers and parents but this study shows that only a few municipalities ever achieve this It would be interesting to further explore the work against bullying at schools where all the economic conditions are met and where staff members are involved and are taking a strong interest in developing proficient methods against bullying.</p>

<p><p>The purpose of this study was to show how two schools from a municipality in greater Stockholm work with a document called "likabehandlingsplan", literally „plan for equal treatment‟. This document is required by law in Swedish schools and a part of each municipality‟s program. The goal of the study was to see how teachers and school principals view and work with the plan as a part of their work in preventing discrimination and offensive behavior, in particular in dealing with problems with bullying.<p> </p><p>The two schools‟ plans were compared for similarities and differences and how they chose to follow the municipality‟s guidelines was examined. In-depth interviews were made with two teachers and two principals. These were taped, transcribed and compared.<p> </p><p>The results showed that the two schools‟ plans were similar as to goals and the importance the teachers and principals attach to this work. The results of the interviews showed that the teachers/principals have a good knowledge about bullying and well-developed techniques for dealing with it and that they are dedicated in their work to prevent bullying. They are aware of problems that occur when school personnel are not present. Working with the "plan for equal treatment" has been an important part of their work towards their goal of preventing and treating bullying.<p> </p><p> </p></p></p></p></p>

The aim of this dissertation is to map and analyse planned responses to expressions of racism in upper secondary schools. Three questions are in focus: (1) What courses of action, in response to expressions of racism, are advocated in philosophical texts and equal treatment plans for upper secondary schools? (2) What consequences have these courses of action for the formation of the mission of schools, the responsibility of teachers, and the limits of free speech? (3) What kinds of expressions of racism are these courses of action intended to be a response to? The study takes its point of departure in two theoretical traditions: Pierre-André Taguieff’s categorisations of racism are used to define the problem in the dissertation, while John Dewey’s moral philosophy provides the methodological base. From an analysis of equal treatment plans four temporal phases are identified. In the first phase, preventive measures, the purpose is to prevent students from developing racism. In phase two, limitations in schools, the dominant course of action is to prohibit violations in schools. The third phase, corrective measures, is concerned with how to handle situations that are contrary to the limitations in schools. The final phase, limitations on schools, relates to when schools are required to transfer responsibility for action to the social services, work environment or police authorities. The results indicate that the national laws (since 2006) have a strong impact on equal treatment plans, and that ‘non-violation’ becomes a dominant moral principle that displaces or subsumes other views of morality. How the non-violation principle is applied also affects the space for political conversations on topics that can be hurtful. Finally, the analysis indicates that equal treatment plans are mainly concerned with expressions of racism among students, and pay little attention to expressions of racism that occur in the organization of schools. The plans thus describe schools as a force for good that seeks to combat (potential) racism among students.

The purpose of this study was to show how two schools from a municipality in greater Stockholm work with a document called "likabehandlingsplan", literally „plan for equal treatment‟. This document is required by law in Swedish schools and a part of each municipality‟s program. The goal of the study was to see how teachers and school principals view and work with the plan as a part of their work in preventing discrimination and offensive behavior, in particular in dealing with problems with bullying.  The two schools‟ plans were compared for similarities and differences and how they chose to follow the municipality‟s guidelines was examined. In-depth interviews were made with two teachers and two principals. These were taped, transcribed and compared.  The results showed that the two schools‟ plans were similar as to goals and the importance the teachers and principals attach to this work. The results of the interviews showed that the teachers/principals have a good knowledge about bullying and well-developed techniques for dealing with it and that they are dedicated in their work to prevent bullying. They are aware of problems that occur when school personnel are not present. Working with the "plan for equal treatment" has been an important part of their work towards their goal of preventing and treating bullying.

This study deals with an important and challenging issue that each school is facing today, that is the prevention work of bullying. The purpose is to investigate how two elementary schools define bullying and how the work of prevention looks like today. The study highlights two models, Farsta and Friends, that many schools follows in their work and struggle against bullying. We conducted this study by looking at how bullying looks at two elementary schools. How these schools developed working method in order to secure a safe environment for all children in the school. The findings in this study highlighted the involvement of these two schools in the work of prevention against bullying, which methods they used and how these schools worked intensively with organisations such as Friends. As a conclusion we want to say that there is an excellent work that is going on in these schools but the struggle is not over.

Lagar är till för att följas. Lagar skapas, omarbetas, byts ut och tas bort. Skolorna ska följa dessa många lagar och riktlinjer och bland dem finns skollagen och läroplanen. Samtidigt ska kommunerna följa de revideringar som genomförs och skolorna får ett större ansvar där elevernas bästa ska stå i centrum. I samband med att Lagen om förbud mot diskriminering och annan kränkande behandling av barn och elever (2006:67) trädde i kraft 2006 ställdes högre krav på skolorna och kommunernas arbete mot mobbning och kränkande behandling. På varje enhet skulle en likabehandlingsplan upprättas där åtgärder mot mobbning och kränkande behandling skulle redovisas. Dessutom skulle kommunerna året därpå ha granskat likabehandlingsplanerna för att redovisa resultaten av dessa i kvalitetsredovisningarna för kommunens skolverksamhet. Syftet med den här kvalitativa uppsatsen är att se ifall kommunerna i Västmanlands län har granskat och utvärderat skolornas likabehandlingsplaner, hur skillnaderna och olikheterna ser ut emellan dem och ifall man kan tolka hur organisationsarbetet fungerar inom kommunerna. Detta sker granskning av valda lagar, kommunernas kvalitetsredovisningar samt genom teoretiska ramar kring mobbning och organisationsarbete. Skollagen anammar ett samarbete med hemmen men mitt resultat visar att bara några kommuner följer detta. Flera lagar och riktlinjer menar att barn i behov av särskilt stöd ska prioriteras men ingenstans står det vilka barn som ingår under denna kategori. Kommunernas kvalitetsredovisningar visar olika resultat av mobbningsåtgärder. Några kommuner samarbetar med andra instanser inom kommunen, med hemmet och en del har sett brister i sitt arbete mot mobbning. Tänkbara anledningar till de olika resultaten kan bero på ekonomiska skillnader, brist på kompetensutbildning och hur personalens eget intresse för den pågående problematiken i skolorna ser ut. Det vore intressant att undersöka vidare hur arbetet mot mobbning ser ut på skolor där alla ekonomiska förutsättningar finns och där dessutom involverad personal har ett stort intresse för att mobbningsåtgärderna ska fungera och utvecklas. Även en undersökning där en tydlig definition av barn i behov av särskilt stöd ges vore givande för framtida utveckling av skolorna / Schools are supposed to comply with laws and guidelines such as the Education Act and Swedish curricula. Supposedly, municipalities comply with each adjustments or alteration made. Schools are handed a bigger responsibility for the well being of their students as a consequence of the 2006 Act against discrimination and other degrading treatment of children and pupils (2006:67). Demands on the schools’ and municipalities’ work against bullying and degrading treatment increased. Each section within each municipality was to present an Equal Treatment Plan containing measures against bullying and degrading treatment. The following year, all equality plans were to be put under scrutiny and the results published publicly. The aim of this paper is to (1) see if the municipalities in Västmanland County has reviewed and evaluated their schools’ Equal Treatment Plan, (2) report on differences between them and (3) see if you can interpret how the work was organized. Some municipalities show great results in their work against bullying and discrimination while others acknowledge shortcomings.. Measures taken against bullying and discriminating behavior differ. Explanations to the different results may be economic disparities, lack of skills, and the staff's indifference towards ongoing problems in the schools. The Higher Education Act proposes a close partnership between teachers and parents but this study shows that only a few municipalities ever achieve this It would be interesting to further explore the work against bullying at schools where all the economic conditions are met and where staff members are involved and are taking a strong interest in developing proficient methods against bullying.

This qualitative study is about the differences and similarities between the organization Friends and schools’ methods to prevent bullying. Aggression, bullying and discomfort in schools result in that many students do not dare to go to school because of their fear that they might get attacked and become systematically bullied. Bullying is a universal and persistent problem. In this study the reader will receive a better understanding and get an insight into the problems that teachers and students experience and struggle with every day in dealing with bullying in schools. Bullying has been a major problem among children for a long time. It was about 40 years ago the word bullying was first employed. Despite all the measures and  methods to address bullying, the problem of bullying still remains. This study focuses on the problem of bullying in multicultural schools. The research is based on two multicultural schools in Botkyrka municipality. It examines how they work to prevent bullying and their collaboration with the organization Friends.

Equal treatment in school is an on-going debate in the Swedish society. At the same time teachers around the country struggles to make ends meet because of a heavy workload. Voices have been raised that teachers no longer have the time to actually be teachers since they get piled up with paper work and other administrative tasks. However, schools are bound by law to take action against harassments and discrimination of any kind. There is also an overall policy in the Swedish national curriculum that every school must embrace diversity and actively teach students about solidarity and respect. Because of that the Swedish school ministry forces schools to have a written plan for how they work with equal treatment. The study will, using one randomly selected Swedish compulsory school, investigate how students as well as personnel perceive this work and see how the plan translated from theory to practice. As a theoretical framework the study uses intersectionality and anti oppressive pedagogy as they give a functional perspective on how the work for equal treatment can be addressed. The study shows that the investigated school have both bright and dark sections in their work for equal treatment. Their plan is recently updated and therefore much of what is said there has not yet reached the daily activities. Even so, the interviewed students say that they feel safe at school and that they appreciate the work their teachers do to make everyone feel comfortable. Alongside with this all interviewed students acknowledges that issues about diversity and respect are not brought up in class accept for when something directly connected to the group has happened. This, together with the fact that the students have been completely left out of the process of making the equal treatment plan conflicts with both the national advices and the investigated schools own plan. The adults interviewed are aware of the problem and have suggestions for change. However, the fact that the students can, and have been left out shows a hierarchy of power used by the adults. The study also shows that the complex term anti oppressive pedagogy is used in the investigated plan but that what it is, and how it should be used in the school differs a lot among the adults interviewed. It is also problematic that the school claims to be using an anti oppressive approach and the students confirm that critical issues never gets highlighted unless a conflict occurs. The school has, however, high hopes for their equal treatment plan. They want to proceed and improve their work. To do so they need to include the students more in the work for equal treatment as well as clearing out and implementing the anti oppressive approach on a wider scale across its employees.