Proefschrift--Utrecht. / "Stellingen": [4] p. inserted. Bibliography: p. 109-111.

Thesis (doctoral)--Leiden, 1917. / Includes bibliographical references.

Με μια αρχική επεξεργασία του θέματος της παρούσας εργασίας έγινε φανερό πως χωρίζεται σε δύο χρονικές περιόδους. Η πρώτη περίοδος εκτείνεται από τα μέσα του 19ου αιώνα ως το τέλους του ίδιου αιώνα(εδώ εντοπίστηκαν τρία έργα) και η δεύτερη περίοδος από τα μέσα του 20ου αιώνα περίπου(1959) ως τις αρχές του 21ου αιώνα(2007) (εδώ εντοπίστηκαν δώδεκα έργα) καταγράφεται αποδεδειγμένα ως η πιο δημιουργική περίοδος, ακόμη και αν θέσουμε ως κριτήριο το πλήθος των έργων. Η πρόσληψη δομών και σημαινόντων της ευριπίδειας δραματικής ποίησης θα αναζητηθεί με βάση όσους από τους τύπους διακειμενικότητας του Gerard Genette μπορούν να ανιχνευτούν στα εξής νεοελληνικά δραματικά κείμενα: Μήδεια του Ιωάννη Ζαμπέλιου(1860)-M1, To Ψέμα του Ιάσονα του Δημήτρη Χριστοδούλου(1959)-M2, Μήδεια (η οφιοπλόκαμη ερινύα των πόθων) της Μαρίας Κέκκου (1990)-M4, Μήδεια του Μποστ (Χρύσανθος Βοσταντζόγλου ή Μποσταντζόγλου) (1993)-M6, Μήδεια του Βασίλη Γκουρογιάννη (1995)-M7, Μήδεια, του Βασίλη Ζιώγα(1995)-Μ8, Στον αστερισμό της Εκάτης-(Θεατρικά έργα και μονόπρακτα) του Κωνσταντίνου Μπούρα(1997) α. Η Μήδεια στην Αθήνα του Κωνσταντίνου Μπούρα (Μονόπρακτο) (1997)-Μ9 και β. Το τέλος της Μήδειας(Τραγωδία) του Κωνσταντίνου Μπούρα (1997)-Μ10, Μήδεια αυτοπυρπολούμενη του Ντίνου Ταξιάρχη(2006)-M11, Backstage (Παρασκήνιο) της Άννας Μαρίας Μαργαρίτη(2007)-M12, Η άλλη ΜΗΔΕΙΑ του Βασίλη Μπουντούρη (1990)-M5, Ποιος σκότωσε τα παιδιά της Μήδειας του Χάρη Λαμπίδη(1984)-M3. Αν ξεκινήσουμε από τον κανόνα της Kristeva πως κάθε κείμενο με βάση το φαινόμενο της διακειμενικότητας «είναι ένα μωσαϊκό από αναφορές σε άλλα κείμενα, μια απορρόφηση ενός άλλου κειμένου», κατόπιν μπορούμε να επεκταθούμε και στην κατά Riffaterre θέση, η οποία υπογραμμίζει την ανάγκη αναζήτησης ενός διακειμένου ώστε να ολοκληρωθεί η οποιαδήποτε λογοτεχνική προσέγγιση κάθε κειμένου. Τα επίπεδα πρόσληψης θα αναζητηθούν μέσα από τα στοιχεία(δομικές, νοηματικές και δραματικές μονάδες) που διοχετεύονται από τη Μήδεια του Ευριπίδη (Μ) στα διακείμενα (Μ1 έως Μ12) νεότερες Μήδειες ή και όχι υποχρεωτικά Μήδειες ως προς τον τίτλο. Κατόπιν θα εξεταστεί η αυτούσια (λογοκλοπή-plagiarism) μετάγγιση στα νέα έργα στοιχείων του (ΜΕ) ή η μεταλλαγμένη παρουσία τους καθώς και σε πιο βαθμό διατηρούνται ή αλλάζουν τα μυθολογικά μοτίβα, θέματα, πρόσωπα και ο δραματικός χώρος των δραματικών κειμένων με καταγωγή από την πλατφόρμα πάνω στην οποία κυριαρχικά τοποθετείται η Μήδεια του Ευριπίδη. / Initially as a treatment of the subject of the present work it became obvious that it is separated in two time periods. The first period is extended by the means of the 19th century until the end of same century (where located three plays) and the second period from the means of the 20th century roughly (1959) until the beginning of the 21st century (2007) (where twelve plays). Where located evidentig the most creative period, even if we place as criterion the number of plays. The engagement of structure and meaning of the Eurepides’ dramatic poetry it will be sought with based those on types of Gerard Genette’s intertextuality can be detected in the following Modern Greek dramatic texts: Medea by Ioannis Zambelios(1860)-M1, The Jason’s lie by Dimitris Christodoulou(1959)-M2, Medea (the shake of desnes) by Maria Kekkou (1990)-M4, Medea by Bost (Chrissanthos Vostantzoglou or Bostantzoglou)(1993)-M6, Medea by Basilis Gourogiannis(1995)-M7, Medea by Basilis Ziogas (1995)-Μ8, In Ekates’ constellation-(Plays and one act plays) by Konstadinos Bouras (1997) α. Medea in Athens by Konstantinos Bouras(one act play) (1997)M9 and b. Medea’s end (Tragedy) by Konstantinos Bouras (1997)-Μ10, Medea self-burned up dy Dinos Taxiarchis(2006)-M11, Backstage by Anna Maria Margariti (2007)-M12, The other Medea by Basilis Boudouris(1990)-M5, Who killed Medea’s children by Harry Labidi (1984)-M3. If we start with the rule of Kristeva that each text based on the phenomenon of intertextuality «it is a mosaic of reports in other texts, a absorption of another text », then we can extend oneself also in the Riffaterres’ place, which underlines the need of search of intertext so that is being completed the any literary approach of each text. The levels of engagement will be sought through the elements (structural, meaning and dramatic units) that are channeled by the Medea of Eurepides’(ΜΕ) in intertexts (from Μ1 to Μ12) modern plays named Medea or even no necessarilly Medea as for the title. Then it will be examined self-same (plagiarism) transfusion in his new work of elements (ΜΕ) or their mutant presence as well as in what degree they maintain or change the mythological patterns, subjects, persons and the dramatic space of dramatic texts with originate from the platform above in that sovereign it is placed the Medea of Eurepides.

Στην παρούσα εργασία στόχος μας είναι να προσεγγίσουμε το μύθο του Φιλοκτήτη στη δραματική μορφή του. Για το σκοπό αυτό θα αξιοποιήσουμε κατά το δυνατόν τις μαρτυρίες αναφορικά με την επική παράδοση, όπως μας σώζονται από πολύ μεταγενέστερες πηγές. Η σχέση ανάμεσα στο έπος και το δράμα είναι πολυεπίπεδη και πολύσημη· ανάμεσα σ’ αυτά τα δύο διακριτά είδη, που λειτουργούν κάποιες φορές σαν συγκοινωνούντα δοχεία, υπάρχει ένα μαγνητικό πεδίο, μια κλίμακα αλληλεπίδρασης που κυμαίνεται από την έλξη ως την άπωση. / --

Στην εργασία αυτή γίνεται ανάλυση των αγώνων λόγων στις τραγωδίες Εκάβη και Τρωάδες του Ευριπίδη και εξετάζεται ο ρόλος του λόγου σε περίοδο πολιτιστικής κρίσης. Για το λόγο αυτό στην παρούσα μελέτη οι εξεταζόμενοι αγώνες συσχετίζονται με την ανάπτυξη της σοφιστικής και της ρητορικής, καθώς και με τον Πελοποννησιακό πόλεμο (περίοδο κατά την οποία παρουσιάστηκαν τα έργα). Μέσα από την ανάλυση των αγώνων λόγων διαφαίνεται η συγκεχυμένη θεώρηση των ανθρώπων για θεσμούς και αξίες, για τους θεούς, ο ανεξιχνίαστος ρόλος του ίδιου του θεϊκού στοιχείου, καθώς και η κατάρρευση της ετερότητας σε περιόδους κρίσης (Έλληνες-βάρβαροι, άνδρες-γυναίκες, ελεύθεροι-υπόδουλοι). Συμπεραίνεται ότι ο λόγος σε περιόδους κρίσης αποτυπώνει τη σύγχυση των αξιών και ότι, αντί να βοηθά στη διασαφήνιση των πραγμάτων και επομένως στην απόδοση της δικαιοσύνης και την αποκατάσταση της τάξης των πραγμάτων, επιτείνει την κρίση. / In this study there is an analysis of the agones logon of Euripides’ tragedies Hecuba and Troades and an examination of the role of logos in period of cultural crisis. This is the reason that in this work the agones logon of these tragedies are related to the evolution of sophistic and rhetoric activity and to the Peloponnesian War as well (during this period these tragedies were presented). The analysis of these agones logon shows the confused way humans think of the gods, the undetected role of the divine element itself and the collapse of the polarities during cultural crisis (Greeks-barbarians, men-women, free-enslaved). It is concluded that logos in periods of crisis reflects the confusion of the cultural values and that, instead of leading to the clarification of human issues and consequently to the administration of justice and the restoration of order, exacerbates the crisis.

No description available.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Helena, filha de Zeus, esposa de Menelau e mais bela entre as mortais, desperta atenÃÃo a partir da complexidade observada em suas representaÃÃes na Literatura Antiga: sÃmbolo de beleza e de transgressÃo, Helena à uma figura ambÃgua, ora apresentada como motivo maior da Guerra de Troia, ora revelada como vÃtima das vontades divinas. Helena, enquanto personagem, revela-se uma fonte de criaÃÃo poÃtica, permitindo muitas apresentaÃÃes de sua figura nada simples, conforme podemos observar nas muitas Helenas de EurÃpides, tragediÃgrafo grego do sÃculo V a.C., autor de peÃas como Troianas. Nessa obra, a bela mulher à rejeitada e reprovada pelas mulheres de Troia, por ter causado a guerra, a morte de vÃrios herÃis e a desgraÃa de inÃmeras pessoas. Tanto a beleza fÃsica quanto a beleza das palavras de Helena, quando ela se apresenta no drama, mostram a forÃa persuasiva da personagem que se configura uma ameaÃa ao bom julgamento da verdade e da justiÃa. Jà em Helena, outra tragÃdia de EurÃpides, a inventividade do autor e a estrutura do drama permitem que a forÃa dos argumentos apresentados pela personagem â amparados por uma versÃo do mito em que a filha de Zeus à completamente inocente, fiel e virtuosa â seja, mais uma vez, observada. Vernant (2011) e BrandÃo (1985) afirmam que a inventividade prÃpria de EurÃpides, acerca da criaÃÃo de personagens e de suas falas dentro das tragÃdias, à efeito da influÃncia sofista e retÃrica de seu tempo, e Baliff (2001) assegura a relaÃÃo existente entre seduÃÃo, feminino e retÃrica, enquanto Mastronarde (2010) e Sansone (2012) chamam atenÃÃo para o desdobramento peculiar e especÃfico do gÃnero dramÃtico, que permite Ãs personagens o desenvolvimento de habilidades linguÃsticas e a sofisticaÃÃo argumentativa que situaria o drama como gÃnero de grande inovaÃÃo na Literatura Grega. Nesta dissertaÃÃo, portanto, objetivamos analisar as apresentaÃÃes de Helena, situadas entre a inventividade do drama e a potencialidade dos discursos, de acordo com a multiplicidade que a personagem suscita e que parece ser o prÃprio desdobramento da criaÃÃo poÃtica e da multifacetada linguagem.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Tatielly F Silva - Historia.pdf: 1616551 bytes, checksum: 0641bcf31840928437d46526f1ae2630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27 / The present Dissertation aims to understand the many representations of the mythic character Helen, as they have been elaborated by the tragedian Euripides. Selected as sources for this research, three tragedies shall be analysed in our work: The Trojan Women (415 AD), Orestes (408 AD) , and Helen (412 AD). Whenever it may come necessary, we will use the other tragedies as supporting documents to the subject we are attending to endorse, for which we may appeal also to the works of Homer, Hesiod and the sophist Gorgias of Leontini, as well as the plays of other great tragedians from the Classical Athens, Aeschylus and Sophocles. By the utilization of the concept representation , which have been largely discussed by most historians in the last decades of 20th century, we will be intending to make an association between representation and other common concepts used by the New Social History, such as memory and mythology. This is due to the multiple understanding we can achieve over the character Helen as a mytheme as it is presented both in narrative and interpretations in the Greek mythological system as it was known in the Classical Athens. The image of Helen was reinterpreted by Euripides tragedy, mainly because Helen s Pan-Hellenic characteristics, which were determinant for the tragedian s work as a ideal condition guaranteed by its eminent poetic/narrative style. By reinventing his Helens, Euripides has increased through the tragic mimesis a particular representation which was intertwined with the mythic traditions and the poetical and philosophical view of his contemporaries. / Esta Dissertação tem como objetivo compreender as representações da personagem mítica Helena elaboradas pelo tragediógrafo Eurípides. Selecionamos como fontes principais para análise as tragédias, As Troianas (415), Orestes (408) e Helena (412) e como aportes necessários à elaboração de nosso argumento recorremos às demais tragédias do poeta, bem como a Homero, Hesíodo, ao filósofo sofista Górgias de Leontinos e aos outros grandes tragediógrafos, Ésquilo e Sófocles. Utilizamos o conceito de representação, que tem sido amplamente discutido pela historiografia desde as últimas décadas do século XX, buscando aplicá-lo associado aos conceitos de memória e mitologia, principalmente, pois, entendemos as variantes narrativas e interpretativas do mitema de Helena, conhecidas no período clássico de Atenas e reelaboradas por Eurípides, como condições necessárias e determinantes do conjunto mitológico pan-helênico por seu caráter eminentemente poético narrativo. Eurípides ao reescrever suas Helenas através da mimese trágica desenvolve uma representação particular, mas entrelaçada com a tradição mítica e com as reelaborações poéticas e filosóficas desenvolvidas por seus contemporâneos.

Greek tragedy portrayed the husband and wife relationship as fraught with hos¬tilities and ambivalences. The purpose of this mini-dissertation is to examine these dysfunctions, and to explain them. I have approached the problem from several important angles. I have begun with selected aspects of Athenian Mythol¬ogy and the foundation myths of Athenian culture to see whether there are recur¬rent themes that attest to inherent ambivalences and hostilities towards women within the mythological heritage of Athens. This approach is based on two as¬sumptions: first, that the dynamics of interpersonal relationships portrayed in mythology and literature tend to mirror the modal patterns of cultures and sec¬ond, the experiences of these modal patterns are the inspiration from which a culture draws its mythmaking. I then examine the context of the production of tragedy within the religious framework of the festival of the Greater Dionysia so as to establish a theory of the nature and function of Greek tragedy. The purpose of the second focus is to see whether there are connections between the workings of Greek tragedy and the thematic material it portrays. I have chosen four Greek tragedies within which to explore marital dysfunctions: Aeschylus’ Agamemnon, Sophocles’ Ajax and The Women of Trachis, and Euripides’ Medea. I have un¬der¬taken a close reading of the original texts and commentaries as well as a close reading of comparative translations of the texts for the purpose of this study. My explorations reveal that Athenian society was aware of the risks of the dire imbalance prevailing within their social order, which was created by such a fero¬cious suppression and derogation of half their members. In addition this imbal¬ance was redressed on a continual basis by the production of and through com¬munal participation in tragedy in its function as a ritualistic mechanism for ca¬thartic relief. Thus I conclude that the production of tragedy served to reaffirm the status quo. Tragedy provided a process for the de-structuring of familial and social order first and then sought and promoted a process of psychological restructuring and re-integration. This occurred through the empathetic workings of Catharsis or pur¬gation of negative emotions or feelings of guilt. The cathartic effects of tragedy were designed for men. As a collective therapeutic action it confirmed the male dominated order of society and reaffirmed the Athenian perception of a dualistic reality in the form of irreconcilable opposites: theatre versus life and female ver¬sus male. Tragedies were written by men and performed by men and thus we can expect all symptoms, signs and symbols of male and female conflict to be the products of the masculine psyche. / Prof. J.L.P. Wolmarans

The scope of this research is to spark conversation among members of receiving communities concerning their attitudes toward displaced populations by using Euripides' Trojan Women as a facilitator. By many outside the Classics profession, the study of antiquity is often perceived as a discipline disconnected from current issues; however, remembering and examining the past can greatly shape the present. Ancient Greek theater is perhaps the genre that best lends itself to be scrutinized today for social purposes. In fact, it promoted introspection among the body of Athenian citizens by highlighting inequalities and imbalances in power structures between opposing parties. This study suggests that tragedies can still fulfill the same function. In particular, this essay focuses on Trojan Women, with the intent to unearth group dynamics between the Greek aggressors and the Trojan slaves, and to apply its lessons to recent humanitarian emergencies. Philological work shows that the Greeks in the play attempt to dehumanize their captives through practices of legal violence, objectification, and silencing. Nevertheless, the women find sanctuary from human annihilation through their ability to speak and to be heard. Dominant classes today employ similar techniques to disempower incoming societies and to deprive them of their political voice. Thanks to tragedy's ability to create a distancing effect through mythological narratives, public readings of Trojan Women might enable members of hosting countries to engage more readily in discussions concerning the theme of displacement that address their own biases. Therefore, this thesis argues that the analysis and reception of Trojan Women can elucidate the worldwide crisis in welcoming those seeking shelter and help groups asked to receive displaced populations make more compassionate and informed decisions.