Social networking sites (SNSs) are an increasingly popular channel for communication among college students. Often students disclose more freely via social networking sites than they would in other situations. These disclosures commonly include information about engaging in risky health behaviors (e.g., binge drinking). Study 1 examined students’ impression management goals and self-presentation tactics specifically related to self-disclosures of drinking behavior on SNSs. Findings suggest that students use differing self-presentation tactics across various SNSs in order to achieve their impression management goals and to avoid consequences associated with disclosing about risky health behaviors to certain audiences. Study 2 sought to develop and measure SNS communication about alcohol related activities (SNCAA). It used the theory of normative social behavior as framework for investigating and predicting SNCAA. Additional variables that predict SNCAA were also identified. Findings demonstrate partial fit of the TNSB as a framework for explaining SNCAA. The overarching results of this project suggest a need for interventions aimed at reducing students’ SNCAA as well as increasing their overall knowledge about privacy and safety online.

No description available.

African American beauty salons across the country have historically served as settings for social interaction, political activism, and community organizing in the African American community. These settings often offer opportunities for intimacy between cosmetologists and their clients. Research findings suggest that the unique bonds between women in salons can be a viable option when providing health intervention and education to large numbers of women. Data indicates that salon campaigns and promotions which focused on health issues such as stroke and diabetes education, breast and cervical cancer awareness, healthy living, and smoking cessation, have been efficacious in changing unhealthy habits or increasing knowledge. There are a plethora of social and health issues that could also benefit from this culturally sensitive platform. In particular, abused African American women face multiple barriers when accessing services offered by legal, medical, and social services. These barriers can impact the help seeking behaviors of victims/survivors. Developing strategic interventions that address the ways in which these women seek help as well as increasing access to services is essential. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand how African American cosmetologists and salons might be used in domestic violence advocacy and education. Theories framing this research included intersectionality and the social ecological framework (SEF). The interrelatedness of intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and societal factors within each framework was used to understand how women experience violence and how the social phenomena in African American salons might provide alternative means of intervention to reach and empower marginalized, abused women. Eleven licensed, African American cosmetologists in three separate salons were recruited. Their perceptions (thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and opinions) about domestic violence advocacy and experiences with clients were collected and analyzed. In-depth interviews with each cosmetologists recreated their daily encounters in the salon and provided information about their relationships with clients. These findings were triangulated by salon observations and survey instrumentation. Common patterns and themes from this data were identified and coded. The findings were reported using rich, descriptive narratives provided by the cosmetologists.

Health communication is a vital part of health care and treatment. For patients living with HIV, effective health communication is crucial. This study aimed at describing health communication from the perspective of HIV-positive patients by uncovering their experiences as they interacted with various medical staff members at Stanger Hospital. Guided by a review of various health communication models, data were collected via individual interviews and non-participant observation. The findings showed that interactive communication was favoured by all the respondents, especially communication that was patient-centred. Such communication encompassed education on how to live and cope with HIV. Obstacles to effective communication such as power differentials, lack of time and privacy at public health care clinics were identified. The study found that the different medical staff members at the clinic to various degrees addressed distinctive communication needs of HIV-positive patients. This study contributed to effectively understating the communication process as a whole. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

The main research of the study was: How is integrated communication applied in the UKZN AIDS Programme at Westville Campus? The following six subsidiary research questions were formulated to address this topic:  How is communication aligned with the strategic focus in the UKZN AIDS Programme?  How consistent are messages and media used in and outside the UKZN AIDS Programme?  What is the status of infrastructure for integration within the UKZN AIDS Programme?  What is the status of internal stakeholder orientation and differentiation in the UKZN AIDS Programme?  What are the mechanisms put in place to coordinate communication efforts and action within the UKZN AIDS Programme?  What is the status of free flow of information within the UKZN AIDS Programme? A qualitative research design was conducted using field and survey research. These two research methods may be used for descriptive, exploratory, and explanatory research (Mouton 1996:232). Descriptive and exploratory field and survey research were used to ascertain the integrated communication applied in the UKZN AIDS Programme. Data was collected from sixteen UKZN AIDS Programme employees and eight students using semi-structured focus group and in-depth interviews respectively. Data collected was analysed using thematic analysis a technique that involves identifying, analysing and reporting in detail patterns or themes within data.The study found that the UKZN AIDS Programme focuses mostly on the University as its main stakeholder. Therefore, there is little emphasis on employees and students. Besides, the study revealed that there is poor alignment of the programme’s communication strategy with the programme’s strategy. To achieve the UKZN AIDS Programmes’ strategic objectives and mission, there is need to reassess the efforts of the programme and re-strategise. Findings on the consistency of messages and media in the UKZN AIDS Programme reveal that all communications are managed by senior employees and consistent in terms of programme identity by using the university identity, and website messages. The status of the consistency of messages and media in the programme can be improved if a comprehensive approach can be used in communicating internal messages. Findings on the consistency of messages and media in external communication show that the programme tries to communicate different prevention messages using channels favoured by students. However, channels such as drama and peer educators have weaknesses that need to be addressed in addition to employing diverse communication channels. Findings show that some of the messages communicated are relevant in the sense that they address students’ sexual risk behaviour while others are not as they are off tangent such that they address issues students are not concerned about. In addition, findings show that peer educators were not exemplary in their work while drama programmes did not allow students to actively participate in the prevention activities. On infrastructure for integration, the study found that there is infrastructure and several prospects for information sharing in the programme created by information technology though not fully explored. With regards the free flow and sharing of information, the study established that the required systems for communication exist but not adequately utilised. Findings on the co-ordination of communication efforts and actions to promote integrated communication show flaws. Departments in the programme function in silos due to lack of cross-functional planning. The integrated communication conceptual framework used in the study was useful in making the study successfully ascertain integrated communication applied by the UKZN AIDS Programme. The conceptual framework can therefore be used to underpin any research topic on health integrated communication. / Communication Science / MA (Communication) / 1 online resource (v, 222 leaves)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Comunicação e saúde no Brasil, no que se refere à sua ação política, pode ser identificada, embrionariamente, quando ainda nem se configurava como campo, quando, no relatório final de 1986 da VIII Conferência Nacional de Saúde (CNS), inclui-se como garantia do direito à saúde o direito à liberdade, à livre organização e expressão. A partir daí, esse campo vai acumulando forças com os movimentos sociais, culminando no relatório final da XII CNS, em 2003, onde se torna claro o reconhecimento das rádios comunitárias como instrumento de divulgação e produção de temas relacionados ao SUS. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações que se estabelecem entre profissionais de saúde, ouvintes/usuários e comunicadores populares envolvidos com uma rádio comunitária, de modo a entender como são constituídos os nexos entre um programa de rádio sobre saúde e os imaginários desses sujeitos. Para isso, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, fazendo-se uso da etnografia e do estudo de recepção. O campo empírico se constituiu de um programa de rádio sobre saúde, o Bloco Mulher Saúde, transmitido pela rádio comunitária Rádio Comunidade FM 104,9 no município de Nova Friburgo, RJ. As discussões sobre o material pesquisado foram divididas em categorias analíticas, cuja análise gerou os seguintes resultados: a comunicação comunitária pode contribuir como mediador político-cultural na vocalização das demandas sobre saúde; existe a manutenção e reprodução do linguajar técnico hegemônico em saúde pelos médicos ao participarem de uma rádio comunitária; a comunicação comunitária pode auxiliar na construção de estratégias para ampliar o controle social no SUS / Communication and health in Brazil, as far as its political action is concerned, can be identified, in an incipient state, in the final 1986 report of the VIII of the National Health Conference (NHC). In this report, the right to freedom, to the free expression and social organization is included as a guarantee to the right to health, prior to the constitution of Communication and health as a field of investigation. Since then, this field has been strengthened with social movements, in a process that culminates, in the final 2003 report of the XII NHC, with the recognition of community radios as an instrument of production and divulgation of themes related to the SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System). This study aims at analyzing the relations between health professionals, listeners/users and popular communicators within a community radio, as a means of characterizing the nexus between a radio program on health and the conceptions and/or expectations of the people involved in it. It was used a qualitative methodological approach, by making use of ethnographic and media audience methodologies. The empirical field was through a radio program about health, Block Women's Health, broadcasted by the community radio Rádio Comunidade FM 104,9 in Nova Friburgo, RJ. The data was divided into analytical categories and the analysis gave rise to the following results: the community communication can be a cultural-political mediator for the expression of the communitys demands on health; the hegemonic medical jargon is maintained and reproduced by the medical doctors who participate in a community radio; the community communication can contribute to the creation of strategies that broaden the social control of the SUS

The current PhD thesis aimed to cross-culturally investigate the effectiveness of gain- and loss-framed physical activity messages among the university students in Turkey and the UK. This study sought to test the impact of the physical activity messages focusing on stress-related effects on physical activity intentions, attitudes and behaviours of the target group. The messages were developed based on the findings of a series of preliminary studies targeting to determine the characteristics and needs of the target groups, and identify the barriers to engage in physical activity. Two quasi-experimental studies were conducted with 309 university students from the two countries (200 participants from Turkey and 109 participants from the UK) to test the effects of framed messages on intentions and attitudes towards physical activity, and physical activity behaviour change in two weeks after message exposure. Results showed that immediate effects of both gain- and loss-framed messages on physical activity intentions and attitudes were significant in Turkey and the UK. However, these effects could not be maintained in the two weeks following the message exposure. Moreover, the loss-framed message led to a message reactance in the UK, and physical activity intensity of the participants in the loss-framed group were significantly decreased compared to their baseline physical activity levels. The present study was the first message framing study comparing Turkey and the UK in terms of the impact of gain- and loss-framed framed physical activity messages. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature through providing evidence on the effects of message framing interventions which are developed and implemented in different cultures. Recommendations for future message framing research include measuring physical activity behaviour through objective methods, and examining the impact of the tailored messages through using different dissemination methods in larger samples.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Comunicação e saúde no Brasil, no que se refere à sua ação política, pode ser identificada, embrionariamente, quando ainda nem se configurava como campo, quando, no relatório final de 1986 da VIII Conferência Nacional de Saúde (CNS), inclui-se como garantia do direito à saúde o direito à liberdade, à livre organização e expressão. A partir daí, esse campo vai acumulando forças com os movimentos sociais, culminando no relatório final da XII CNS, em 2003, onde se torna claro o reconhecimento das rádios comunitárias como instrumento de divulgação e produção de temas relacionados ao SUS. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações que se estabelecem entre profissionais de saúde, ouvintes/usuários e comunicadores populares envolvidos com uma rádio comunitária, de modo a entender como são constituídos os nexos entre um programa de rádio sobre saúde e os imaginários desses sujeitos. Para isso, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, fazendo-se uso da etnografia e do estudo de recepção. O campo empírico se constituiu de um programa de rádio sobre saúde, o Bloco Mulher Saúde, transmitido pela rádio comunitária Rádio Comunidade FM 104,9 no município de Nova Friburgo, RJ. As discussões sobre o material pesquisado foram divididas em categorias analíticas, cuja análise gerou os seguintes resultados: a comunicação comunitária pode contribuir como mediador político-cultural na vocalização das demandas sobre saúde; existe a manutenção e reprodução do linguajar técnico hegemônico em saúde pelos médicos ao participarem de uma rádio comunitária; a comunicação comunitária pode auxiliar na construção de estratégias para ampliar o controle social no SUS / Communication and health in Brazil, as far as its political action is concerned, can be identified, in an incipient state, in the final 1986 report of the VIII of the National Health Conference (NHC). In this report, the right to freedom, to the free expression and social organization is included as a guarantee to the right to health, prior to the constitution of Communication and health as a field of investigation. Since then, this field has been strengthened with social movements, in a process that culminates, in the final 2003 report of the XII NHC, with the recognition of community radios as an instrument of production and divulgation of themes related to the SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System). This study aims at analyzing the relations between health professionals, listeners/users and popular communicators within a community radio, as a means of characterizing the nexus between a radio program on health and the conceptions and/or expectations of the people involved in it. It was used a qualitative methodological approach, by making use of ethnographic and media audience methodologies. The empirical field was through a radio program about health, Block Women's Health, broadcasted by the community radio Rádio Comunidade FM 104,9 in Nova Friburgo, RJ. The data was divided into analytical categories and the analysis gave rise to the following results: the community communication can be a cultural-political mediator for the expression of the communitys demands on health; the hegemonic medical jargon is maintained and reproduced by the medical doctors who participate in a community radio; the community communication can contribute to the creation of strategies that broaden the social control of the SUS

A comunicação é um dos grandes desafios para reconstruir de maneira crítica as práticas de saúde, especialmente, quando se visa alcançar um público ampliado por intermédio da grande mídia, orientando-se por valores e concepções não-hegemônicas e pouco familiares ao senso comum. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os limites e as potencialidades gerados pelo diálogo entre o campo da Saúde Coletiva e a comunicação na grande mídia, tomando como base o processo de produção da série médica \"Unidade Básica\", que foi televisionada em setembro de 2016 por importante emissora de televisão a cabo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter compreensivo-interpretativo, sendo a pesquisadora uma observadora participante. O estudo baseou-se na descrição densa do processo de elaboração da série em suas diversas etapas (desenvolvimento; pré-produção, filmagem, edição dos episódios e divulgação), depoimentos de informantes-chave (profissionais envolvidos na produção da série) e repercussões colhidas na mídia e redes sociais (de forma não sistemática). O material empírico da pesquisa foi produzido e interpretado à luz de conceitos reconstrutivos considerados relevantes no campo da Saúde Coletiva. Dentre eles: 1) diferentes racionalidades implicadas nas ações de saúde (a presença de um discurso biomédico em contraste com novas formas de se pensar o Cuidado em saúde); 2) entendimento ampliado sobre o processo saúde-doença-cuidado, buscando caracterizar as diferentes vulnerabilidades existentes neste processo; e 3) atributos da Atenção Primária à Saúde, tendo a integralidade como eixo norteador de suas ações. Como resultado, observou-se que os conceitos acima referidos foram potencializados no processo de criação da série. Porém o conceito de integralidade revelou-se o mais desafiador para ser comunicado. Como fatores limitantes ao diálogo entre os conceitos trabalhados e o processo de criação estão as estruturas pré-estabelecidas do gênero artístico da obra; as diferentes perspectivas morais que orientam a ação performática na linguagem televisiva; as rotinas de produção e as estratégias de comercialização televisivas. Por outro lado, certos aspectos favoreceram uma relação positiva, como a crítica aos formatos comunicativos hegemônicos e a necessidade de se construir diferentes dimensões racionais-cognitivas, bem como estéticas-afetivas sobre os processos saúde-doença-cuidado; o contexto político brasileiro no período; a presença de um conjunto de saberes e práticas consistentes no campo da Saúde Coletiva, além das experiências concretas de implementação de Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil. Por fim, ressalta-se positivamente que processo de construção de uma linguagem estética para a série logrou, por meio de elementos estéticos-afetivos, produzir efeitos relevantes para os objetivos da série por outras vias que não as racionaiscognitivas, mais comumente exploradas nas produções da comunicação em saúde / Communication is a crucial challenge for a critical reconstruction of health practices, especially when the goal is to reach a broad audience through the mass media, guided by non-hegemonic values and unfamiliar concepts to common sense. This study aims to explore limits and potentialities in the dialogue between the field of \"Saúde Coletiva\" (Brazilian Public Health reform movement) and communication in the mass media, through the analysis of the making process of the TV series \"Unidade Básica\", which was exhibited in September 2016 by a cable TV broadcaster in Brazil. Qualitative, comprehensive-interpretive research was carried out, with the researcher being a participant observer. The study was based on dense description of the series elaboration process in its diverse stages: (development, pre-production, filming, editing of episodes and dissemination), statements from key informants (professionals involved in the production of the series) and repercussions from the media and social networks (in a non-systematic way). The empirical material was produced and interpreted considering reconstructive concepts from the Collective Health field. Among them: 1) rationalities involved in health practices (the biomedical discourse as contrasted to new ways of thinking about health care); 2) enriched understanding of the health-disease-care process, looking for characterizing the various vulnerabilities involved in these processes; and 3) Primary Health Care attributes taking \"integralidade\" (comprehensive care) as its guiding axis. As a result, we observed that the concepts above were potentialized in the process of creating the series. But the concept of \"integralidade\" has proved the most challenging to be communicated. Limiting factors to the dialogue between the \"Saúde Coletiva\" concepts and the process of creation were the rigid structures of the series artistic genre; different moral perspectives guiding performative action in television language; routines from the TV production, and commercial strategies of the television. On the other hand, certain aspects fostered a positive relationship such as, the critique of the hegemonic communicative formats and the need for use different rational-cognitive dimensions, as well as aesthetic-affective about the health-disease-care processes; the Brazilian political context in the period; the presence of a consistent set of knowledge and practices from the \"Saúde Coletiva\" field; beyond concrete experiences of primary health care implementation in Brazil. Finally, we pointed out that the constructing process of an aesthetic language that the series has achieved, through aesthetic-affective elements, provoke relevant effects to the objectives of the series by means other than the rational-cognitive ones, more commonly explored in the productions of health communication

A adesão do paciente ao tratamento é crucial para a efetividade dos programas de aids. O Programa Brasileiro recomenda monitorar a adesão e incorporar ao cuidado atividades de promoção, tais como atendimentos individuais com foco em adesão. Revisões sistemáticas apontam maior efetividade das intervenções complexas, que incluem sessões de conversas entre profissional-paciente: informativas, educativas e aconselhamentos motivacionais. Criticam: insuficiente explicitação das bases teóricometodológicas das intervenções; enfoque excessivo no nível individual com baixa incorporação do contexto sociocultural; insuficiência de informação acerca da fidelidade aos protocolos. Poucos estudos descrevem a \"intimidade\" das sessões. Planejada para o cuidado individual, uma modalidade de intervenção psicossocial de apoio à adesão teve seu protocolo implementado em ensaio clínico com pacientes adultos, com carga viral detectável, em serviço especializado do SUS, em São Paulo- Brasil. Suas bases teórico-metodológicas: Quadro da Vulnerabilidade e Direitos Humanos na dimensão psicossocial do Cuidado, filiados a uma perspectiva construcionista de psicologia social na saúde. Focada na noção de sucesso prático, a intervenção objetivou contribuir para que as pessoas construíssem formas de conviver melhor com o tratamento que lhes fossem mais convenientes. Baseada na interação profissional-paciente buscou intensificar a dialogia mediante a exploração dos sentidos intersubjetivos que as \"tomadas\" das medicações adquirem em diferentes cenas/cenários. Para avaliar qualitativamente a implementação selecionaram-se 12 casos (4 de cada uma das profissionais que conduziram a intervenção) entre os 44 pacientes do grupo experimental. A análise contemplou dois eixos interdependentes: a) fidelidade da implementação ao protocolo; b) qualidade dialógica das conversações. Apresentamse os resultados em três artigos. A variação nas modalidades e enfoques comunicacionais implementados permitiu a classificação em quatro níveis crescentes de fidelidade ao protocolo: nível 1 (3 casos), nível 2 (6), nível 3 (1), nível 4 (2). A inflexão na direção da dialogia não ocorreu plenamente. Princípios relacionais como solidariedade, não repreensão, foram bem desenvolvidos. As conversas valorizaram experiências singulares de dificuldades com o tratamento e produziram coentendimentos sobre o que acontecia cotidianamente. Entretanto, a decodificação de sentidos na compreensão \"dos problemas\" e criação de \"soluções\" priorizou o nível individual cognitivo-comportamental. Por exemplo, ao invés de dialogar sobre atrasos/perdas de doses em situações sociais relacionadas ao estigma/discriminação, o sentido \"problemas de memória\" prevaleceu na decodificação das falhas no tratamento. Foi incipiente a incorporação de dimensões socioculturais e programáticas ao entendimento das situações e construção/imaginação de estratégias para lidar com \"impasses\" que implicavam prejuízos à adesão. Mesclados à comunicação de enfoque cognitivo-comportamental ocorreram momentos dialógicos que se mostraram mais promissores à construção pelos participantes de enunciados de satisfação, bem-estar, intenções e mudanças práticas benéficas à adesão. Situações psicossociais dos pacientes influíram sobre a comunicação. Quanto mais complexas, desafiam \"o como dialogar\" sobre aspectos graves, sinérgicos e multidimensionais que prejudicam a saúde. São necessárias, mas insuficientes, estratégias que aprimorem a qualidade comunicacional e o enfoque psicossocial das intervenções em adesão nos serviços. Devem complementálas: a coordenação do Cuidado em equipe e ações clínicas e sociais, imediatas e objetivas, para mitigar situações que implicam graves vulnerabilidades, prejudiciais tanto à adesão ao tratamento da aids como à saúde integral / Patient\'s adherence to treatment is essential to the effectiveness of AIDS programs. The Brazilian Program recommends monitoring adherence and incorporating activities to care that promote adherence, such as individual care focusing adherence. Systematic reviews point towards greater effectiveness of complex interventions, which include conversation sessions - educational, informative, motivational counseling - between the health professional and the patient. They criticize: incomplete explanation of the theoretical-methodological bases of interventions; excessive focus on the individual level, with low incorporation of the sociocultural context; insufficient information on the fidelity to protocols. Few studies describe the \"intimacy\" of the conversation sessions. Planned for the individual care, a modality of psychosocial intervention supporting adherence had its protocol implemented in a clinical trial with adult patients with detectable viral load in a specialized care service of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), in São Paulo. The following theoretical-methodological bases were adopted: the Framework of Vulnerability and Human Rights in the psychosocial dimension of Care, affiliated to a social psychology constructionist perspective in health. Focused on the notion of practical success, the intervention aimed at contributing so that people would build ways of coping better with the treatment which was the most convenient for them. Based on the health professional-patient interaction, it sought to intensify dialogic in exploring intersubjective meanings that the medication intake acquires in different scenes/scenarios. In order to qualitatively evaluate implementation, 12 cases (4 cases of each one of the health professionals who conducted the intervention) were selected among 44 cases of the experimental group. The analysis comprised two interdependent axes: a) implementation fidelity to protocol; and b) dialogic quality of conversations. The findings are presented in three papers. Variation in the implemented modalities and communicational approaches allowed the classification in four levels of increasing fidelity to protocol: level 1 (3 cases), level 2 (6 cases), level 3 (1 case), and level 4 (2 cases). Inflection towards dialogic has not completely occurred. Relational principles, such as solidarity and no reprimand, were well developed. The conversations valued singular experiences of difficulties with the treatment. Furthermore, they produced co-understandings on what happened in the daily routine. Nevertheless, the decoding of meanings in understanding \"problems\" and creating \"solutions\" prioritized the cognitive-behavioral individual level. For example, rather than dialoguing on delays/abolishing doses of medication intake in social situations concerning stigma/discrimination, it prevailed the sense of \"memory problems\" in decoding treatment failures. Programmatic and sociocultural dimensions were incipiently incorporated to the understanding of contexts and construction/imagination of strategies to cope with \"impasses\" which implied adherence losses. Mingled with the communication of cognitive-behavioral approach, there were more dialogic moments which showed to be more promising to the construction by the participants of utterances regarding satisfaction, well-being, intentions, and beneficial and practical changes to adherence. The psychosocial situations of patients influenced communication. The more complex, the more they challenge \"how to have a conversation\" about multidimensional, synergistic, serious issues which harm health. It is necessary, but insufficient, to have strategies which enhance the communication quality and psychosocial approach of adherence interventions in care. The coordination of Care as a team and social and clinical actions, both immediate and objective, should complement them in order to mitigate situations which imply serious vulnerabilities that impair AIDS treatment adherence as well as the overall health