Cars are becoming increasingly automated and expected to become fully autonomous in the near future. How will this a ect the car and its position of a symbol of freedom? This thesis investigates how an autonomous vehicle can evolve this symbolic value and be adapted to the use case of an explorative road trip. Based on learnings from travellers and experts the starting point has been the positive experience of a road trip in a conventional vehicle. The target has been to enhance the current experience and create an even more spontaneous and explorative atmosphere with the help of a future scenario and emerging technology. This project gives an example of an interface that supports and en- courages spontaneity which lets the travellers direct and control the vehicle intuitively in order to explore and enjoy what they nd during their journey. Furthermore it extends the travel experience beyond what a road trip has been by connecting travellers to locals.

Three dimensional visualisation achieves tremendous savings in time and costs during the design process. Due to these circumstances this methods are gaining in importance. For example improvement in performance and the product security or enabling the operative optimization of a production sequence. By the virtual testing it is possible to validate a product in the whole developing process and product lifecycle. The flight simulator ATILa at Airbus Defence and Space in Friedrichshafen uses these advantages for own products. ATILa is used to test intelligent assistance systems for helicopter pilots. Here the graphic implementation of the virtual earth plays a key role when practicing realistical scenarios. This approach is implemented with the Common Database (CDB) which is enabled by the definition of specifications and standards. Different commercial software packages by Presagis are used to implement the aforementioned database. The software Terra Vista is used for the database generation, including the compilation. For the CDB implementation the software Vega Prime is used to prepare the data with the help of the RTP. The software Vega Prime is not able to display 3D models with LODs, due to a software error. Therefore a third software named Creator is used to modify them. The 3D models are available in the OpenFlight Format. This OpenFlight format consists of different kind of nodes with a complex hierarchical structure. Other software solutions, such as Autodesk or Blender, are not able to provide access to the specific structure. The edited models can be integrated in the virtual environment and have to defined by unambiguous indices. Various settings are used to implement the objects automatically. The compilation of the area of interest takes place by the definition of a geotile with a specific size depending on the latitude. The CDB ouput will be transferred by Vega Prime and with the help of the RTP into the simulator. In addition, there is the possibility to render various CDB databases in the simulator to enable a visualisation of the complete earth. Finally, any errors occurring will be described and methods of resolution explained. The complexity of the generation process of a CDB database could be represented with this thesis. However, the whole workflow of the visualisation of the earth is still in its initial stages, since among other things there are errors in the software. To sum up; the potential of the CDB can be evaluated as above average. / Die 3D Visualisierung vereinfacht den Planungsprozess und geht somit mit einer Zeit- und Kosten- einsparung einher. Aufgrund dieser Sachverhalte gewinnt sie immer weiter an Bedeutung, um zum Beispiel eine verbesserte und sichere Benutzung eines Produktes oder einen optimierten Betrieb einer Produktionskette zu ermöglichen. Durch vorherige virtuelle Erprobung und Vali- dierung eines Produktes können Kosten für den gesamten Entwicklungsprozess und den Pro- duktlebenszyklus gering gehalten werden. Im Flugsimulator für Helikopter namens ATILa in Friedrichshafen (Airbus Defence and Space) versucht man die genannten Vorteile für die eigenen Produkte zu nutzen. Im ATILa werden Assistenzsysteme geprüft, welche die Helikopterpiloten während ihres Fluges unterstützen sollen. Hierbei spielt die grafische Umsetzung der virtuellen Erde in dem Simulator eine entscheidende Rolle, um die Szenarien realitätsnah durchführen zu können. Dies kann mit Hilfe einer sogenannten Common Database (CDB), die durch Spezi- fikationen und Standards definiert ist, umgesetzt werden. Mittels verschiedener kommerzieller Softwarepakete der Firma Presagis lässt sich die oben genannte Datenbank erstellen. Die Gener- ierung und Kompilierung wird mit dem Softwareprogramm Terra Vista vorgenommen. Die Imple- mentierung der CDB in den Flugsimulator erfolgt mit der Software Vega Prime, welche die Daten über einen RTP zur Verfügung stellt. Da dieses Programm durch einen Softwarefehler nicht in der Lage ist, 3D Modelle mit verschiedenen Detaillierungsgraden darzustellen, muss eine dritte Soft- ware namens Creator genutzt werden. Die 3D Modelle liegen im OpenFlight Format vor. Dieses OpenFlight Format weist eine komplexe hierarchische Struktur aus verschiedenen Knoten auf. Andere Softwarelösungen, wie Autodesk oder Blender, sind nicht in der Lage einen Einblick in die spezielle Struktur zu geben. Die bearbeiteten Modelle können dann in der virtuellen Umgebung eingebunden und müssen durch eindeutige Indizes definiert werden. Verschiedene Einstellun- gen werden genutzt, um Objekte automatisch einzubinden. Die Kompilierung des Interessenge- bietes erfolgt über die Definition einer Geokachel mit einer bestimmten Größe, die abhängig vom Breitengrad ist. Die ausgegebene CDB wird mit Vega Prime und mit Hilfe des RTPs in den Simu- lator übertragen. Des Weiteren gibt es die Möglichkeit verschiedene CDB Datenbanken im Sim- ulator simultan zu rendern, was eine vollständige Visualisierung der kompletten Erde ermöglicht. Abschließend werden aufgetretene Fehler näher beschrieben und Lösungsansätze erläutert. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte die Komplexität der Entstehung einer CDB Datenbank dargestellt werden. Dennoch befindet sich der gesamte Arbeitsablauf der Visualisierung der Erde noch am Anfang, da u.a. Softwarefehler zu bemängeln sind. Zusammenfassend kann das Potenzial einer CDB als überdurchschnittlich bewertet werden.

The thesis focuses on the topic of benefits and limitations of various HMI user assessment methods. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is introduced the HMI theory, summarized HMI user assessment methods, presented knowledge about their utilization and the available tools are mapped. The goal of the practical part is testing of selected HMI user assessment methods related to the requirements of the commercial automotive sector. The result of practical part is a comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of individual approaches and their specifics. The diploma thesis was prepared in accordance with the valid internal regulations of the Charles University and other methodological guidelines and normative documents. Keywords: user experience, UX, usability, user interface, UI, HMI, human-machine interface, automotive, usability evaluation, user assessment, user testing, usability testing

The study aimed to identify and analyse methods for establishing external communication between humans and autonomous/teleoperated machines/vehicles using various Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs). The study was divided into three phases. The purpose of the first phase was to identify and highlight previously tested/researched methods for establishing external communication by conducting a literature review. The findings from the literature review were categorised into six points of interest: machine indications, test delivery methods, HMI technologies/types, symbols, textual/numerical messages, and colours associated with different indications. Based on these findings, four HMIs (projection, display, LED-strip, and auditory) were selected for evaluation in a virtual reality environment for the second phase of the study, which has the purpose of identifying which of the human-machine interfaces can effectively communicate the intentions of autonomous/teleoperated machines to humans. The results of phase two indicate that the participants preferred projection as the most effective individual HMI, and when given the option to combine two HMIs, projection combined with auditory was the most preferred combination. The participants were also asked to pick three HMIs of their choosing, resulting in the projection, display and audible HMI combination being the preferred option. The evaluation of HMIs in a virtual reality environment contributes to improving dependability and identifying usability issues.  The objective of the third and final phase was to gather all the findings from the previous phases and subsequently refine the report until it was considered finalised. Future work includes enhancing the realism of the VR environment, refining machine behaviour and scenarios, enabling multiple participants to simultaneously interact with the environment, and exploring alternative evaluation methods. Addressing these areas will lead to more realistic evaluations and advancements in human-machine interaction research.

<p>Different security issues are a top subject around the world, especially since the terror threats seem to intensify. In the same time, the transport industry suffer from problems with smuggling and theft of valuable goods. One way to increase the security might be to have a verification system installed in commercial trucks, in order to assure that the driver is the proper one.</p><p>This thesis has two purposes. One is to find appropriate methods for driver verification and build a prototype of a verification system which can be used for testing and further development. The other is to study how truck drivers perceive such a system and how their conception goes along with the growing demand for higher security. The present work is the result of a cooperation between an engineer and a cognitive scientist. The thesis focuses on the transport industry and was performed for Volvo Technology Corporation (VTEC), Gothenburg, Sweden.</p><p>Eleven available verification methods were studied. To enable a well-based selection of methods to implement in the prototype, inquiries and interviews with truck drivers and haulage contractors were carried out to complement the theoretical study.</p><p>One regular and three biometric verification methods were chosen for the test; fingerprint verification, face recognition, voice recognition and PIN verification. These methods were put together to a prototype system that was implemented in a truck simulator. A graphical user interface was developed in order to make the system user friendly. The prototype system was tested by 18 truck drivers. They were thoroughly interviewed before and after the test in order to retrieve their background, expectations and opinions as well as their perceptions and experiences of the test.</p><p>Most of the test participants were positive to the prototype system. Even though they did not feel a need for it today they believed it to “be the future”. However, some participants felt uncomfortable with the system since they felt controlled by it. It became clear how important it is to have a system that respect the users’ privacy and to assure that the users are well informed about how the system is used. Some of the technology used for the verification system requires more development to fit in the automotive context, but it is considered to be possible to achieve a secure and robust system.</p>

Automation surprises are examples of poor Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) where pilots were surprised by actions of the automation, which lead to dangerous situations during which pilots had to counteract the autopilot. To be able to identify problems that may arise between pilots and automation before implementation, methods are needed that can uncover potentially dangerous HMI early in the design process. In this work, two such methods, simulation and model checking, have been combined and compared to leverage the benefits of both. In the past, model checking has been successful at uncovering known automation surprises. Simulation, on the other hand, has been successful in the aviation domain and human factor issues. To be able to compare these two approaches, this work focused on a common case study involving a known automation surprise. The automation surprise that was examined, is linked to the former Airbus speed protection logic that caused aircraft on approach to change the flight mode, resulting in a sudden climb. The results provided by the model checking with SAL (Symbolic Analysis Laboratory) in a previous work, have been used to provide input for simulation. In this work, this automation surprise was simulated with the simulation platform WMC (Work Models that Compute) and compared to the corresponding results from SAL. By using the case study, this work provides a method to examine system behavior, such as automation surprises, using model checking and simulation in conjunction to leverage the benefits of both.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-03T23:35:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelCristinaMedeirosCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 7508849 bytes, checksum: baba9399e7458c8670380f1bc49a950c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-07T00:21:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelCristinaMedeirosCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 7508849 bytes, checksum: baba9399e7458c8670380f1bc49a950c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-07T00:21:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelCristinaMedeirosCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 7508849 bytes, checksum: baba9399e7458c8670380f1bc49a950c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo dos par?metros de s?ntese da ze?lita MCM-22 (estrutura MWW) com o intuito de otimizar a obten??o deste material e aumentar sua acessibilidade, tanto pelo aumento de superf?cie externa, quanto pela gera??o de mesoporos. Foram realizadas s?nteses de rela??o Si/Al= 15 e Si/Al=50 sob condi??es est?ticas em diferentes temperaturas e com indu??o por sementes, as quais resultaram em MCM-22 pura e cristalina de rela??o Si/Al= 15 em 3 dias e Si/Al=50 em 11 dias. A redu??o do teor de hexametileneimina (HMI) foi estudada na s?ntese em agita??o. As condi??es de redu??o foram de 30 % de HMI na s?ntese padr?o de 7 dias e em s?ntese empregando sementes com tempos de 1, 2, 3 e 4 dias. Redu??o de 45 % de HMI com adi??o de ?gua-m?e e tempos de 2, 4, 5 e 7 dias. Quanto ao aumento de acessibilidade na MCM-22, buscou-se aumentar a velocidade de cristaliza??o e redu??o do tempo, com o objetivo de se obter cristais de menor tamanho. Alguns agentes foram empregados para acelerar a obten??o da MCM-22, foram estes as sementes, ?gua-m?e, incremento de temperatura e dissolu??o da s?lica. Com rela??o ainda ao aumento de acessibilidade na MCM-22, foram estudados tratamentos ?cidos para retirada de alum?nio e gera??o de mesoporos e a silaniza??o de proto-unidades zeol?ticas, que atua tamb?m na forma??o de mesoporos e na diminui??o dos cristais. O tratamento com ?cido ox?lico de concentra??o 0,5 mol/ L resultou na forma??o de mesoporos de 3 nm e a s?ntese empregando a silaniza??o de proto-unidades zeol?ticas de pr?-cristaliza??o de tr?s dias resultou na redu??o de 70 % no tamanho dos cristais e em poros mais abertos, com alguns destes com di?metros na faixa de mesoporos (2,6 nm). / In this paper a synthesis parameters study was conducted in order to optimize the obteinment of MCM-22 (MWW structure) and increase its accessibility, getting higher external surface and generating mesopores. Syntheses with Si / Al = 15 and Si / Al = 50 ratios were performed under static conditions at different temperatures and with seeds induction, which resulted in MCM-22 pure and crystalline (Si / Al ratio = 15) after 3 days and Si / Al = 50 after 11 days. The reduction of hexamethyleneimine content (HMI) was studied in the stirring synthesis and a HMI reduction of 47% was possible through the mother liquor reuse, in addition, a specific area of 481 m? / g has been obtained in the fourth synthesis day. Regarding the increase of accessibility of the MCM-22 zeolite skeins of MCM-22 plates with about 2 ?m were obtained, through the use of dissolved silica, addition of seeds, increased temperature and synthesis time of 2 days. A significant value of specific area was found for this material, around 500 m? / g. Also with respect to the increase of MCM-22 accessibility, treatment with oxalic acid concentration of 0.5 mol / L and silanization of proto-zeolitic units resulted in the mesopores formation . Furthermore, silanization still favored reduction of 70 % in crystal size and a specific area of 566 m? / g.

Projektet är utfört på uppdrag av Kraftringen AB för deras nybyggda värmekraftverk i Örtofta med anledning av att den befintliga dokumentationen över de olika systemen saknar en tydlig steg-för-steg process med avseende på drift, start och stopp av anläggningen. Fokuset för denna uppsats är avgränsad till uppstart genom HMI för ångturbin. Genom observationer på plats i värmekraftverket samt tagit del av driftpersonalens egna instruktioner, har en checklista och flödesschema tagits fram av uppsatstagarna. Resultatet har fått en högre tillförlitlighet tack vare att uppsatstagarna även har haft tillgång till dokumentation från leverantörer i form av papper och digitala kopior i Kraftringens interna nätverk. Detta projekt har lett fram till en tydlig och enhetlig steg-för-steg process som kommer att underlätta driftpersonalens arbete på Örtoftaverket och skapa en ytterligare effektivitet vid uppstart av ångturbin.

Tento projekt se podrobně zaměřuje na data z avioniky a může být chápán jako horní vrstva nad systémy monitorujícími poruchy, která poskytuje dodatečné informace o letu. Pro konkrétní návrh byly vybrány Airbus A320 a A340 jako zástupci moderních a rozšířených dopravních letadel. Vyvíjená aplikace analyzuje dvě vybrané komplexní situace z toku dat palubní avioniky a hledá podmínky, které vedou k abnormálnímu chování letadla (nikoliv poruchám). Práce je primárně zaměřena na letové fáze, strukturu dat (a jejich kategorizaci) a na vývoj aplikace na bázi fuzzy systému s expertní znalostí uloženou v jeho pravidlech.

The Master`s thesis gives the basic facts about realisation of HMI. It will measure and display the electric quantity of electric traction of the Marabu experimental aircraft. The HMI is possible to use for other difficult applications. The main part of the thesis is overviewed the graphic function library for LCD.