Submitted by MARCELO PEREIRA (marcelocampo0@gmail.com) on 2018-03-29T14:25:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação 26-03.pdf: 1520396 bytes, checksum: bbe7a3e5defb7f69b0c226db542f25c4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-03-29T17:50:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_mc_me_mar.pdf: 1520396 bytes, checksum: bbe7a3e5defb7f69b0c226db542f25c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-29T17:50:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_mc_me_mar.pdf: 1520396 bytes, checksum: bbe7a3e5defb7f69b0c226db542f25c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Não recebi financiamento / O desenvolvimento infantil é impulsionado por meio de situações sociais nas quais a atividade da criança é privilegiada, mobilizando nela as ações de pensar, sentir e agir de modo cada vez mais elaborado. Por isso, o trabalho docente em escolas de Educação Infantil envolve a criação de condições objetivas para que ela brinque, se relacione, expresse suas ideias e exteriorize suas aprendizagens, tornando-se, assim, cada vez mais humana. Tais condições exigem a organização dos espaços, da utilização do tempo, dos materiais usados e dos relacionamentos em que a participação ativa da criança atua como elemento principal. Dessa forma, o problema norteador deste trabalho foi: como propor o tempo livre das crianças na Educação Infantil, tendo em vista seu pleno desenvolvimento? Buscando o objetivo geral da presente pesquisa de caracterizar os elementos que compõem o tempo livre na escola de Educação Infantil, foram abordadas questões relativas à gestão do tempo livre pelas crianças e a influência desse tempo para sua humanização sob a ótica da Teoria Histórico-Cultural. Além disso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo específico discutir as contribuições do tempo livre para o desenvolvimento de capacidades humanas, em especial, a apropriação do autocontrole da conduta pela criança. A hipótese que norteou o estudo foi a de que o tempo livre na Educação Infantil possibilita à criança vivências que promovam o seu desenvolvimento humano. Com abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa de tipo exploratória envolveu revisão bibliográfica em diversas fontes digitais para conhecimento da produção na área, entrevistas semiestruturadas com professoras e coordenadoras, e a observação de vivências do tempo livre propostas às crianças de quatro e cinco anos, em duas escolas municipais. Da análise de fundamentos teóricos derivaram implicações pedagógicas, tais como a possibilidade do tempo livre promover o exercício de diferentes capacidades humanas nas crianças e o acesso à cultura mais elaborada a fim de motivar, nos docentes, reflexões sobre o valor do tempo livre intencionalmente organizado para a formação e o desenvolvimento integral das crianças. As análises apontaram a necessidade de o professor reconhecer, no processo de desenvolvimento infantil, a importância do tempo livre para o protagonismo das crianças, promovendo propostas capazes de desenvolver e exercitar habilidades humanas fundamentais, tais como: a capacidade de escolher, de tomar decisões, de planejar, de buscar soluções e de trabalhar de forma colaborativa, gradativamente exercitando e apropriando-se do autocontrole em sua conduta. / Child development is achieved by means of social situations in which the child's activity is privileged, mobilizing her actions to think, feel and act in an increasingly elaborate way. For this reason, the *teacher`s work in a early childhood Education involves creating of objective conditions for children to play, to relate, to express ideas, to externalize learning, thus becoming more and more human. Such conditions require the organization of spaces, the use of time, materials used and relationships in which active participation of the child acts as the main element. Thus, the guiding problem of this work was: how to propose children's free time in Early Childhood Education, with a view to their full development? Seeking the general objective of the present research to characterize the elements that make up the free time in the School of Infant Education, questions were approached regarding the management of free time by the children and the influence of this time for their humanization from the perspective of Historical-Cultural Theory. In addition, this research had the specific objective of discussing the contributions of free time to the development of human capacities, in particular, the appropriation of the child's self-control of behavior. The hypothesis that guided the study was that the free time in Early Childhood Education enables children to experience their human development. With a qualitative approach, the exploratory research involved a bibliographical review in several digital sources for knowledge of the production in the area, semi-structured interviews with teachers and coordinators, and the observation of free time experiences offered to children of 4 and 5 years of age in two municipal schools. From the analysis of theoretical foundations derived pedagogical implications, such as the possibility of free time promoting the exercise of different human capacities in children and access to the more elaborate culture in order to motivate, in the teachers, reflections on the value of free time intentionally organized for training and development of children. The analyzes pointed out the need for the teacher to recognize in the process of child development the importance of free time for children to play a role, promoting proposals capable of developing and exercising fundamental human skills such as: the ability to choose, to plan, to seek solutions and to work collaboratively, gradually exercising and appropriating self-control in their conduct.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T15:28:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação_Norcirio S. Queiroz.pdf: 3505480 bytes, checksum: 8ce1b5cb7a38f8f7ed757234ac4fe91d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T15:29:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação_Norcirio S. Queiroz.pdf: 3505480 bytes, checksum: 8ce1b5cb7a38f8f7ed757234ac4fe91d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T15:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação_Norcirio S. Queiroz.pdf: 3505480 bytes, checksum: 8ce1b5cb7a38f8f7ed757234ac4fe91d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The homophobia suffered in the school does not end in the act itself, being able to bring psychosocial implications that can last until the adult life. In this way, we try to answer the following question: How do the experiences of these young people take place? To answer this question, we elaborate the general objective: To understand the experiences of adult cisgender homosexual men about the homophobia suffered in school and its subjective implications. The specifics are: To analyze the reports about the homophobia suffered in the school; to describe the meanings attributed to the subjective implications of homophobia in school; to characterize the organization and functioning of the Significant Social Networks used to deal with situations of homophobic violence of the time and today. We use as theoretical framework the Theory of Ideological Apparatus of the State because we understand the school as a reproductive apparatus of ideologies of the dominant classes; the Queer Theory focused on the field of education; and Social Networks Theory that will help us understand the constitution and functioning of Significant Social Networks, as well as giving us an instrument for data collection. This is a descriptive qualitative research, in which we interviewed 10 homosexual men aged between 18 and 30 who suffered homophobia at schools of Manaus. For the data collection, we performed a semi-structured interview, in addition to completing the Minimum Relationship Map (MMR) instrument. For the analysis of the interviews we use the Thematic Content Analysis, and for the analysis of Significant Social Networks, we use Social Networks Theory. As results of the Content Analysis, we find two final categories: Experiences of homophobia and Psychosocial Implications to the time and current. In the first one, the reports brought the suffering of the interviewees by the noncompliance of the normative allied to the fact that they are in a normative environment, that allows that the homophobia is perpetuated; Already in the second category, some implications are brought as a way of preventing the subject from possible attacks, some to neutralize or counterattack; others also served to help the subject to feel more empathy for the neighbor. The analysis of the Significant Social Networks of the subjects presented from the subjects that found in the school the perpetuation of the helplessness found in the house until those who grew up in an environment of respect to the differences and had psychotherapeutic support. Some interviewees had no one to turn to during the school period, except their peers of the same age. In this perspective, it is important that the school invest in projects that lead adolescents to act in education and prevention of discrimination among their peers. / A homofobia sofrida na escola não se encerra no ato em si, podendo trazer implicações psicossociais que podem perdurar até a vida adulta. Dessa forma, procuramos responder a seguinte pergunta: Como se dão as vivências desses jovens? Para isso, elaboramos o objetivo geral: Compreender as vivências de homens homossexuais cisgênero adultos acerca da homofobia sofrida na escola e suas implicações subjetivas. Os específicos são: Analisar os relatos acerca da homofobia sofrida na escola; descrever as significações atribuídas às implicações subjetivas decorrentes da homofobia na escola; caracterizar a organização e funcionamento das Redes Sociais Significativas do sujeito utilizadas para lidar com as situações de violência homofóbica da época e atualmente. Utilizamos como marco teórico a Teoria dos Aparelhos Ideológicos do Estado por entendermos a escola como aparelho reprodutor de ideologias das classes dominantes; a Teoria Queer voltada para o campo da educação; e a Teoria das Redes Sociais que nos auxiliará no entendimento da constituição e funcionamento das Redes Sociais Significativas, além de nos conferir também instrumento para a coleta de dados. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, na qual entrevistamos 10 homens homossexuais com idade entre 18 e 30 anos que sofreram homofobia em escola manaura. Para a coleta dos dados realizamos entrevista semi-estruturada, além de preenchimento do instrumento Mapa Mínimo de Relações (MMR). Para análise das entrevistas utilizamos a Análise de Conteúdo temática, e para a análise das Redes Sociais Significativas, utilizamos a Teoria das Redes Sociais. Como resultados da Análise de Conteúdo, encontramos duas categorias finais: Vivências das homofobias e Implicações Psicossociais à época e atuais. Na primeira, os relatos trouxeram o sofrimento dos entrevistados pelo descumprimento da normatividade aliado ao fato de se encontrarem em um ambiente normativo, que possibilita que a homofobia se perpetue; Já na segunda categoria, são trazidas algumas implicações como forma de prevenção do sujeito diante de possíveis ataques, algumas para neutralizar ou contra-atacar; outras serviram, ainda, para ajudar o sujeito a sentir mais empatia para com o próximo. A análise das Redes Sociais Significativas dos sujeitos apresentou desde sujeitos que encontraram na escola a perpetuação do desamparo encontrado dentro de casa até aqueles que cresceram em um ambiente de respeito às diferenças e tiveram apoio psicoterápico. Alguns entrevistados não tinham a quem recorrer no período escolar, senão aos seus colegas da mesma idade. Nessa perspectiva, se faz importante que a escola invista em projetos que protagonizem os adolescentes para atuarem na educação e prevenção da discriminação entre seus pares.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-05-23T10:47:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanito Viriato Marcelino Frei - 2017.pdf: 6808036 bytes, checksum: cfe6b4172ce23572f5ba1d3e12da2bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Rejected by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com), reason: Faltou o título em outo idioma. on 2017-05-25T11:41:25Z (GMT) / Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-05-26T11:43:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanito Viriato Marcelino Frei - 2017.pdf: 6808036 bytes, checksum: cfe6b4172ce23572f5ba1d3e12da2bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-05-26T14:57:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanito Viriato Marcelino Frei - 2017.pdf: 6808036 bytes, checksum: cfe6b4172ce23572f5ba1d3e12da2bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T14:57:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Vanito Viriato Marcelino Frei - 2017.pdf: 6808036 bytes, checksum: cfe6b4172ce23572f5ba1d3e12da2bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The practice of mining activity in Mozambique which, in turn, is linked to the trajectory that characterized the historical process of construction of the mozambican nation, has long been an important factor of accumulation and disputes over territory, whose development has always been permeated by processes of expropriation of lands of the native communities and, with them, their territory. In the last century, with the beginning of the process of productive restructuring of capital, was instituted a new geopolitical (dis)order wherein the capital, materialized in large multinational companies, seeks to secure new areas of influence with a relative wealth of territorial resources among them, the minerals resources. In Mozambique, these companies take the name of megaprojects. And its process of territorialization that is both contradictory and excluding, is implying in the compulsory expropriation of mozambican rural communities. Hence, this study intends to understand how the political and geopolitical strategies of the insertion of Mozambique in the world circuit of mineral production commodities are developed and what are the socio-territorial implications deriving from the action of the State and the territorialization of mining megaprojects in the local communities in Nampula. Thus, the study defends the thesis that there is a geopolitical strategy of insertion of Mozambique in the world circuit of production of mineral commodities that occurs from the process of productive restructuring of capital. Within the national territory, this process is strengthened by state political strategies, especially through land and mining laws, designed to accommodate the interests of capital in the exploitation of mineral resources in the country. In the scale of local communities in Nampula province, these strategies strive to harness social consensus through persuasion of communities and traditional leaders over relative gains and social welfare arising from the exploitation of natural wealth. Of this fact, results a process of expropriation by spoliation of communitarian territories and, consequently, the precariousness of the living conditions of the communities as a result of the joint actions perpetrated by the power of the State and by the capital materialized in the mining megaprojects. To analyze this process in the scale of Nampula province, were defined the districts of Moma and Nacala-a-Velha, two districts of the province that impacted by the megaprojects of Kenmare Moma Mining and Vale respectively. The built theoretical-methodological foundation considers the territory in its dimension of totality. In other words, an exercise in theoretical reflection was allowed to allow for the historical-dialectical analysis of social relations, more specifically the relations of power and conflict that involve the political and geopolitical strategies of appropriation of the mining territories and consequent expropriation of the communities in Mozambique; from the understanding that the time is in the territory and this, in turn, in time. The results of the study made it possible to understand that given the eagerness of both capital and the state for the exploitation of mineral resources in the country, Mozambican local communities affected by mining projects are compulsively and increasingly losing ownership and control of their land and, with them, their territories, and the precariousness of their material and immaterial conditions of life, in favor of the so-called capitalist development. / A prática da atividade mineradora em Moçambique que, por sua vez, está ligada à trajetória que caracterizou o processo histórico de construção da nação moçambicana, é desde muito um fator importante de acumulação e de disputas pelo território, cujo desenvolvimento foi sempre permeado por processos de expropriação de terras das comunidades nativas e, com elas, o seu território. No último século, com o início do processo da reestruturação produtiva do capital, foi instituída uma nova (des)ordem geopolítica em que o capital, materializado nas grandes empresas multinacionais, busca assegurar novas áreas de influência com relativa riqueza de recursos territoriais, entre eles, os recursos minerais. Em Moçambique, essas empresas tomam o nome de megaprojetos. E seu processo de territorialização que é ao mesmo tempo contraditório e excludente, está implicando a expropriação compulsória das comunidades rurais moçambicanas. Daí que este estudo pretende compreender como se desenvolvem as estratégias políticas e geopolíticas de inserção de Moçambique no circuito mundial de produção de commodities minerais e quais são as implicações socioterritoriais decorrentes da ação do Estado e da territorialização dos megaprojetos de mineração nas comunidades locais da província de Nampula. Por via disso, o estudo defende a tese de que existe uma estratégia geopolítica de inserção de Moçambique no circuito mundial de produção de commodities minerais que se dá a partir do processo de reestruturação produtiva do capital. Dentro do território nacional, esse processo é fortalecido por estratégias políticas do Estado, sobretudo por meio da legislação de terra e de minas, concebidas para acomodar os interesses do capital na exploração dos recursos minerais no país. Em nível das comunidades locais da província de Nampula, essas estratégias se esforçam em amealhar consensos sociais por meio de persuasão das comunidades e das lideranças tradicionais sobre relativos ganhos e bem-estar social advindos da exploração das riquezas naturais. Desse fato, resulta um processo de expropriação por espoliação dos territórios comunitários e, consequentemente, a precarização das condições de vida das comunidades, em resultado das ações conjuntas perpetradas pelo poder do Estado e pelo capital materializado nos megaprojetos de mineração. Para analisar esse processo em nível da província de Nampula, foram definidos os distritos de Moma e Nacala-a-Velha, dois distritos da província impactados pelos megaprojetos da Kenmare Moma Mining e da Vale, respectivamente. O embasamento teórico-metodológico construído considera o território na sua dimensão de totalidade. Ou seja, privilegiou-se um exercício de reflexão teórica que permitisse a análise histórico-dialética das relações sociais, mais especificamente das relações de poder e de conflito que envolvem as estratégias políticas e geopolíticas de apropriação dos territórios de mineração e consequente expropriação das comunidades em Moçambique, a partir da compreensão de que o tempo está no território e este, por sua vez, no tempo. Os resultados do estudo permitiram compreender que dada a ânsia tanto do capital como do Estado pela exploração de recursos minerais no país, as comunidades locais moçambicanas atingidas pelos projetos de mineração estão compulsivamente e cada vez mais, perdendo a posse e controle de suas terras e com elas, os seus territórios e a precarização de suas condições de vida material e imaterial, em favor do chamado desenvolvimento capitalista.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:30:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helga Midori Iwamoto.pdf: 1288715 bytes, checksum: 3835305abb102e22e5249c8c254ba6a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The differences between national cultures have been studied by a variety of authors. These differences have implications for management. Some of these differences between national cultures are more subtle, especially in cases of contiguous countries with common history. In these cases, there are authors who suggest that the Cultural Standards (PCAs Padrões Culturais Avaliativos in portuguese) constitute a more appropriate approach. There is a precedent of a cross-cultural study involving Brazil in a comparative study of Brazilian and Portuguese s PCAs. In intra-cultural contexts, there is the possibility of using this approach as performed in studies involving the PCAs of West and East Germany. In the Brazilian context, there are not intra-cultural studies using the approach of PCAs. Using the approach developed over the work of Hofstede for the study of differences between national cultures, there is a previous study on the differences between regional cultures in Brazil. The present study aimed to examine the implications of PCAs differences between Maranhão and Minas Gerais people for the management in organizations in Palmas-TO. To achieve this goal, the PCAs for the Minas Gerais people perceived by Maranhão people and vice versa were identified, based on the approach developed by Alexander Thomas. Next, the implications of the PCAs differences between employers and employees from Minas Gerais and Maranhão for management issues in Palmas-TO were identified. As results, the PCAs of individuals from Minas Gerais and Maranhão were categorized into four axis: Survival and Rise Social, Health and Eating Habits, Styles of Conflict Management, Community Life and Ethics and Solidarity. The PCAs that generated implications for management to entrepreneurs from Minas Gerais were related to the axis "Survival and Social Ascension" and "Health and Eating Habits". The implications for management to entrepreneurs from Maranhão, in turn, were derived from PCAs axes "Styles of Conflict Management" and "Survival and Social Ascension." / As diferenças entre culturas nacionais têm sido estudadas por uma variedade de autores. Estas diferenças possuem implicações para a gestão. Algumas destas diferenças entre culturas nacionais são mais sutis, principalmente em casos de países contíguos, com histórico em comum. Nestes casos, há autores que sugerem que seja mais adequada a abordagem dos Padrões Culturais Avaliativos (PCAs). Há o precedente de um estudo intercultural envolvendo o Brasil num estudo comparativo entre os PCAs de brasileiros e portugueses. Em contextos intra-culturais, há a possibilidade do uso desta abordagem como realizado em estudos envolvendo os PCAs das Alemanhas Ocidental e Oriental. No contexto brasileiro, não há estudos intra-culturais utilizando a abordagem de PCAs. Utilizando a abordagem desenvolvida ao longo da obra de Hofstede para o estudo de diferenças entre culturas nacionais, existe um estudo anterior sobre as diferenças entre culturas regionais brasileiras. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as implicações para a gestão das diferenças de PCAs entre maranhenses e mineiros que trabalham em Palmas-TO. Para alcançar este objetivo, procedeu-se à identificação dos PCAs relativos aos mineiros percebidos pelos maranhenses e vice-versa, com base na abordagem desenvolvida por Alexander Thomas e outros teóricos da área. Em seguida, foram identificadas as implicações das diferenças de PCAs entre empregadores e empregados, tanto mineiros quanto maranhenses, para a gestão em Palmas-TO. Como resultados, os PCAs de mineiros e maranhenses foram categorizados em quatro eixos: Sobrevivência e Ascensão Social, Higiene e Hábitos Alimentares, Estilos de Gestão de Conflitos, Vida em Comunidade e Ética e Solidariedade. Os PCAs que geraram implicações para a gestão por empresários mineiros vincularam-se aos eixos Sobrevivência e Ascensão Social e Higiene e Hábitos Alimentares . As implicações para a gestão por empresários maranhenses, por sua vez, foram provenientes de PCAs dos eixos Estilos de Gestão de Conflitos e Sobrevivência e Ascensão Social .

I rapporten undersöks problemställningen ”Hur kan teorin om Gemensam grund och specifikt ”gemensamt avslut” bidra till en ökad förståelse för betydelsen av social interaktion i flexibel undervisning via datorförmedlad kommunikation?” i en fallstudie med fokus på videokonferenssystem vilka används i lärandemiljöer. Resultaten som framkom tydliggjorde att då ett sociotekniskt glapp uppstår tvingas studenterna att skapa alternativa strategier för att kunna uppnå just det här gemensamma avslutet. Därmed uppvisar också resultaten att drivkraften att uppnå gemensamt avslut inte endast är stark vid kommunikation som sker ansikte mot ansikte utan även vid datorförmedlad kommunikation. Fallstudiens resultat kan därmed ses som ett bidrag till grundforskningen i det att betydelsen av att uppnå gemensamt avslut vid datorförmedlad kommunikation uppvisas, vilket också förstärker betydelsen av Clarks (1996) teori om gemensam grund. Vidare har resultaten från fallstudien också använts för tillämpad forskning då designkonsekvenser tagits fram vilka beskriver hur videokonferenssystem i lärandemiljöer bör utformas för att studenter lättare ska kunna uppnå gemensamt avslut via systemen. Med hjälp av dessa designkonsekvenser kan det sociotekniska glappet reduceras och därigenom skapa ett framgångsrikt lärande för studenter vilka studerar via flexibelt lärande.

Navorsingsresultate toon dat treitering ‘n ernstige probleem is wat wêreldwyd voorkom, ook in Suid-Afrika en dat die getal slagoffers wat daardeur geraak word skrikwekkend hoog is. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die regsimplikasies van treitering van leerders deur mede-leerders in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare skole vir die onderwysbestuur en onderwysreg te ondersoek en te beskryf. Met die term “onderwysbestuur” word verwys na onderwys op nasionale vlak, provinsiale vlak en skolevlak. Die regsimplikasies vir die onderwysreg is hoofsaaklik daarin geleë dat daar nuwe kennis tot die onderwysreg toegevoeg word. Dit is aksiomaties dat regsimplikasies onlosmaaklik verbonde is aan regsreëls. Daar kan slegs sprake wees van regsimplikasies van ‘n aangeleentheid as daar regsreëls is wat die aangeleentheid beheer en rig – in die geval van hierdie studie, die regsreëls wat die bestuur en hantering van treitering in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare skole rig en beheer. Die regsreëls wat die bestuur en hantering van treitering in Suid-Afrikaanse openbare skole rig en beheer, is deel van die Handves, internasionale kinderregte-ooreenkomste, wetgewing, die gemene-reg, deliktereg, die strafreg en regspraak. Om die navorser in staat te stel om die regsreëls in ge-noemde regsbronne te identifiseer, is ‘n deeglike kennis van die fenomeen “treitering” noodsaaklik. Om die regsimplikasies van hierdie regsreëls te bepaal, beteken dat hierdie regsreëls binne die konteks van “treitering” as fenomeen geïnterpreteer moet word. Daar moet dus beskryf word hoe hierdie regsreëls toepassing vind met betrekking tot treitering. Die interpretasie van hierdie regsreëls binne die konteks van treitering geskied deur middel van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met geïdentifiseerde respondente wat geïdentifiseer is op grond van hul kennis van spesifieke regsdissiplines en die praktyk soos byvoorbeeld menseregte en kinderregte, die gemenereg, die deliktereg, die strafreg, die onderwysreg asook die regspraktyk en onderwysregspraktyk. Die beskrywing van die regsimplikasies vir die onderwysbestuur en onderwysreg is hoofsaaklik gegrond op die response (bevindinge) van die respondente, maar die regsimplikasies word uitgebrei deur die response van die respondente te verbind aan veelvuldige bronne van informasie. Hierdie aanvullende informasie wat aangewend word vir ryker beskrywing (“thick description”) lei ook die navorser tot die identifisering of beskrywing van verdere implikasies wat nie noodwendig in die respondente se response na vore gekom het nie. Die regsimplikasies van die treitering van leerders deur mede-leerders is omvattend en het implikasies vir die onderwysbestuur op nasionale vlak, provinsiale vlak, distriksvlak en skolevlak en wel ten opsigte van die volgende afdelings van die Suid-Afrikaanse reg: fundamentele regte, wet-gewing, die deliktereg en strafreg. ENGLISH: Research results indicate that bullying is a serious problem worldwide, South Africa included, and that the number of victims affected is alarmingly high. The purpose of this study is to investigate and describe the legal implications that bullying of learners by fellow learners in South African public schools has for education management and education law. “Education management” refers to education at national, provincial and school levels. The legal implications for education law lie mainly in the fact that new information is being added to the body of education law. It is axiomatic that legal implications are inextricably bound to legal rules. One can only speak of legal implications if there are legal rules that control and direct them – in the case of this study it is the legal rules that control and direct the management and operation of bullying in South African public schools. The legal rules that control and direct the management and operation of bullying in South African public schools are part of the Bill of Rights, international children’s rights conventions, legislation, common law, law of delict, case law and criminal law. A thorough knowledge of the phenomenon “bullying” was necessary to enable the researcher to identify the legal rules contained in the legal sources mentioned. In order to determine the legal implications of these legal rules, it was necessary to interpret these legal rules within the context of the phenomenon “bullying”. It was therefore necessary to describe how these legal rules are applied with regard to bullying. The interpretation of these legal rules within the context of bullying was done by means of semi-structured interviews with identified respondents who were identified on grounds of their knowledge of specific law disciplines and practice such as human rights and children’s rights, common law, the law of delict, criminal law, education law and legal practices and education law practices. The description of the legal implications for education management and education law is based mainly on the responses (findings) of the respondents, but the legal implications are extended by linking the responses of the respondents with many other sources of information. This supplementary information, which is used to enrich the description (thick description), also led the researcher to identifying or describing additional implications that were not necessarily evident from the responses of the respondents. The legal implications of the bullying of learners by fellow learners, are comprehensive and have implications for education management at national level, provincial level, district level and school level, especially in terms of the following sections of South African law: fundamental rights, legis-lation, the law of delict and criminal law. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Piscivorous birds are an integrated part of lake and coastline ecosystems. Despite decades of research it is yet unclear what influence fish eating birds have on the fish community. The aim of this literature study was to focus on how two fish eating birds, Great Cormorant and Great Crested Grebe, influence the fish community in shallow and eutrophic lakes. Different types of analysis methods have been used when doing research on the subject, including pellet analysis, stomach content analysis, tagging of fishes by “PIT”-techniques and analysis by observation. Results show that conclusions by studies tend to vary, but generally higher bird density, lower water temperature and a relatively high turbidity contribute to a higher influence on the fish community. Both bird species are opportunistic in their choice of food and catch prey of the species that occur locally. Both species also limit themselves in the prey size, but the choice vary over seasons because of water temperature and the birds requirements in association with breeding and migration. The significant level of influence seems to be when predation is conducted on younger and smaller fishes. The influence on the fish size can also be indirect, where predation on smaller individuals prevent fishes from becoming older and bigger. As studies tend to deviate in conclusion, no general answer to this issue can be given at present. Comprehensive research with several years of full control over both fish-and bird population is needed to find the proper conclusion.

El empleo del término feminicidio por primera vez, ha contribuido a poder evidenciar una problemática existente en la sociedad que produce la muerte de miles de mujeres alrededor del mundo. En ese marco, en el escenario internacional se han celebrado diversos instrumentos, los mismos que han repercutido en nuestro país, y se han traducido en la adopción de diversos mecanismos que tienen como fin desincentivar este tipo de delitos y proteger de una mejor forma los derechos e intereses de la población femenina. Estas medidas implementadas han sido criticadas por diversos autores debido a sus implicancias prácticas y a su efectividad. Por este motivo, el presente artículo analizará la normativa peruana desde la perspectiva de los fines del derecho penal para poder determinar y arribar a una conclusión acerca de la eficiencia de las mismas. / The use of the term feminicide for the first time has contributed to highlighting a problem that exists in society that causes the death of thousands of women around the world. Within this framework, various instruments have been signed on the international scene, the same ones that have had an impact on our country, and have resulted in the adoption of various mechanisms that aim to discourage this type of crime and better protect rights and interests of the female population. These implemented measures have been criticized by various authors due to their practical implications and their effectiveness. For this reason, this article will analyze the Peruvian regulations from the perspective of the purposes of criminal law in order to determine and reach a conclusion about their efficiency. / Trabajo de investigación

In this study, attitudes and perceived implications for quality of life of environmentalists were explored, with a specific focus on the domestic use of renewable energy sources. A systems theoretical approach was followed in conjunction with a qualitative methodology in order to place the attitudes and perceived implications for quality of life in context with the systems in which they exist. The in-depth data that was collected by means of face-to-face interviews was analysed in a qualitative and systems theoretical framework. The three stages of analysis of the data are described and this culminates in a discussion of the six identified pattern categories. The conceptual discussion that follows are based on these six pattern categories. The participants' learned attitude toward the environment, the role of responsibility and its influence on perceived quality of life, risk perception as inhibitor of action, renewable energy and the perception of self, renewable energy as available medium and the possibility of change of attitude toward renewable energy sources are discussed in depth. The interaction between the energy-consumer system and the energy-environment system is explored and placed within the larger context. The recognition of a difference in a system, the interactive parts thereof, the transactional process between the systems and the collateral energy added by either or both of the systems, transactional processes and the required feedback loops, the difference that makes a difference and the description of transformation processes expose a hierarchy of logical types inherent in the system. / Dissertation (MA (Research Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Psychology / MA (Research Psychology) / unrestricted

Syftet med föreliggande examensarbetet är att genom en litteraturstudie försöka generera teori för hur den specialpedagogiska verksamheten kan dra nytta av forskningsresultaten gällande hur hjärnans funktioner fungerar i samband med inlärning vid ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) och/eller autismspektrumtillstånd (AST). Metoden som valts för denna studie är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie, där resultatet analyserats efter Grounded Theory. Vi har tagit del av relevant forskning och litteratur gällande hjärnans funktioner och det pedagogiska fältet för individer med ADHD samt AST i åldern 6–16 år. Resultatet gällande hjärnans funktioner visar att grunden till ADHD samt AST är biologisk betingad. Resultatet gällande de pedagogiska implikationerna visar på flera möjliga sätt att anpassa undervisningen och inlärningen för att stödja och hjälpa dessa elever. Litteraturen beskriver bitvis hur de ser länkar mellan hjärnans funktioner och de svårigheter som elever med ADHD och AST kan ställas inför i skolmiljön. I litteraturen kring vilka implikationer som föreslås för elever med ADHD och AST framkommer många likheter och att de gynnas av liknande insatser, men på olika vis. De slutsatser vi drar av resultatet är att individer med ADHD och AST har avvikelser i hjärnans funktioner samt dess nervsystem vilket beror på biologiska orsaker. Slutsatserna av de pedagogiska implikationerna gör sig gällande för övergripande områdena inom miljö, visuella hjälpmedel, struktur, bemötande samt uppgifters upplägg. Vi ser genom analysen även ett samband mellan de annorlunda funktionerna i hjärnan hos elever med ADHD och AST och vilka metoder som föreslås vara mest gynnsamma för kunskapsinhämtning. / The purpose of this literature study is an attempt to generate theory for how the special education can benefit from the research results regarding how the brain's functions work in connection with learning in ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and/or autism spectrum disorder (AST). The method chosen for this study is a qualitative literature study, where the results have been analyzed according to Grounded Theory. We have taken part of relevant research and literature regarding brain functions and the educational field for individuals with ADHD and ASD aged 6-16 years. The result regarding brain functions shows that the basis for ADHD and ASD is biologically determined, but the diagnoses should still not be defined as a disease but as a functional variation. The result regarding the pedagogical implications shows in several possible ways how to adapt the teaching and learning to support and help these students. The literature describes in part how they detect links between brain functions and the difficulties that students with ADHD and ASD may face in the school environment. Many similarities emerge in the literature regarding the implications proposed for students with ADHD and ASD and they benefit from similar efforts, but in different ways. The conclusions of the results regarding brain function of individuals with ADHD and ASD reveal that they have abnormalities in the brain's functions and its nervous system and are due to biological causes. The conclusions of the pedagogical implications apply to the overall areas within the environment, visual aids, structure, teacher’s response, and tasks. Through the analysis, we also see a connection between the different functions in the brain of students with ADHD and ASD and which methods are proposed to be most favorable for acquiring knowledge.