Orientadores: José Guilherme Cecatti, Rodolfo de Carvalho Pacagnella / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:17:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Polido_CarlaBetinaAndreucci_D.pdf: 9580415 bytes, checksum: 7a66fbe0b5c7b89a2918fd10375d6d95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Introdução: Morbidade materna grave e near miss materno são indicadores de saúde mais abrangentes, quando comparados à razão de morte materna. Esse conceito recente permite não apenas a identificação do número de mulheres que morrem durante gestação e/ou parto, mas também o estudo da prevalência de condições potencialmente ameaçadoras de vida. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre as possíveis consequências em longo prazo após esses episódios nos diversos aspectos da vida das sobreviventes. A gestação e o parto podem modificar a resposta sexual feminina, mas poucos estudos avaliaram esse desfecho após eventos de morbidade materna grave. Objetivos: Realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre aspectos de sexualidade, incluindo função sexual, em mulheres que apresentaram qualquer tipo de complicação durante gestação ou parto. Avaliar aspectos da resposta sexual feminina em mulheres com e sem morbidade materna grave. Métodos: Revisão sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed, EMBASE e SciELO, avaliando a associação de morbidade materna geral e grave com alterações da função e/ou resposta sexual feminina. A revisão seguiu o protocolo do método proposto para estudos observacionais (PRISMA). A resposta sexual feminina foi estudada como um dos desfechos da Coorte de Morbidade Materna Grave (COMMAG). O questionário Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) foi aplicado às mulheres expostas (com antecedente de morbidade grave) e não expostas (com antecedente de gestação sem complicações). Além do FSFI, questões gerais sobre saúde geral e reprodutiva complementaram o estudo. Resultados: Lesões perineais maiores (terceiro e quarto graus) foram avaliadas como desfechos de morbidade geral em 12 estudos, e a morbidade materna grave foi analisada em 2 estudos. A morbidade geral e a grave foram associadas com maior tempo para a retomada da atividade sexual após o parto. A morbidade também se associou a uma maior frequência de dispareunia após o parto. Escores totais do FSFI não foram significativamente diferentes entre grupos de exposição e controle. Pela heterogeneidade entre eles, os estudos individuais permitiram apenas uma síntese qualitativa dos resultados, mas não metanálise. Para avaliação da resposta sexual feminina no COMMAG, foram incluídas 638 mulheres previamente internadas durante gestação ou parto na maternidade do CAISM/UNICAMP. Dessas, 315 tinham antecedente de morbidade materna grave, e 323 eram mulheres sem complicações durante gestação ou parto. Os escores totais médios do FSFI encontrados foram abaixo dos valores de ponto de corte para suspeita de disfunção, sem diferença entre os grupos estudados. Mulheres com antecedente de morbidade materna grave retomaram atividade sexual mais tardiamente após o parto do que as do grupo controle, porém sem diferença entre os grupos a partir do terceiro mês pós-parto. A análise múltipla identificou associação de valores mais baixos de FSFI com baixo de peso materno e ausência de parceria. Conclusões: Alterações da resposta sexual feminina podem ser consequências em longo prazo da ocorrência de episódios de morbidade materna grave. Com o crescimento da população de mulheres que sobrevivem a esses episódios, a abordagem da sexualidade no seguimento dessa população se faz premente / Abstract: Introduction: Severe maternal morbidity and maternal near miss currently are better health indicators than maternal mortality ratio. Together with the identification of women who died during pregnancy and/or childbirth, the new concept allows also to investigate the prevalence of potential life-threatening conditions. However, little is known about possible long-term consequences after those episodes over several aspects of the lives of survivors. It has already been described that uncomplicated pregnancy and childbirth might modify female sexual response. Notwithstanding, only few studies have evaluated aspects of sexuality of women after episodes of severe maternal morbidity. Objectives: To perform a systematic review of aspects of sexuality, including sexual function, in women who had had any kind of complication during pregnancy or childbirth. To evaluate aspects of female sexual response in women with and without severe maternal morbidity. Methods: Investigation included a systematic review through the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and SciELO, assessing general and severe maternal morbidity associated with altered female sexual response. The review followed the protocol method proposed for observational studies (PRISMA). The female sexual response has been studied as one of the outcomes at a retrospective cohort study on maternal severe morbidity (COMMAG). The Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI) was applied at exposed women (severe morbidity) and unexposed (pregnancy without complications). Along with FSFI, the survey included also questions on general and reproductive health. Results: Major perineal injuries (3rd and 4th degree) were evaluated as general morbidity outcomes at 12 studies, and severe maternal morbidity was analyzed at 2 studies. Compared to control group, both women exposed to general and severe morbidity delayed resumption of sexual activity after childbirth. The exposed group had also more frequently dyspareunia after childbirth. The mean total FSFI scores were similar at both groups. The heterogeneity of the studies allowed only a qualitative synthesis, and meta-analysis was not feasible. To assess female sexual response at the cohort study, 638 women who delivered at UNICAMP's maternity unit were included. 315 of them were severe maternal morbidity cases, and 323 were women who had had uncomplicated pregnancy or childbirth. The mean total scores of FSFI were similar in both groups, though below cut-off values for suspected dysfunction. Women after severe maternal morbidity resumed sexual activity after birth later, when compared to control group. However, there was no significant difference at three months. Multivariate analysis showed association of lower FSFI scores with maternal low maternal weight and no partner. Conclusions: Altered female sexual response might be a long-term consequence after episodes of severe maternal morbidity. Since there is a growing population of women who survive these episodes, proper evaluation of sexual functioning among those women should be conducted / Doutorado / Saúde Materna e Perinatal / Doutora em Ciências da Saúde

Os genes var de Plasmodium falciparum codificam a proteína PfEMP1 expressa na superfície de eritrócitos infectados e que medeia os fenômenos de citoaderência e \"rosetting\". Ambos os fenômenos estão diretamente associados à malária grave, e seu domínio mais N-terminal, DBL1alfa, media especificamente \"rosetting\". Análise de seqüências DBL1alfa de isolados brasileiros e de outros países revelou que a similaridade entre elas não pode predizer origem geográfica. Com o objetivo de determinar se existem seqüências DBL1alfa associadas à malária grave, analisamos as seqüências DBL1alfa expressas em parasitas obtidos de pacientes brasileiros com esta manifestação clínica e encontramos que as seqüências predominantemente expressas apresentavam uma ou duas deleções de cisteínas. Significativamente, apesar de freqüentes no genoma de parasitas de pacientes com malária não grave, essas seqüências foram raramente expressas. Esses dados demonstram a primeira associação de seqüências PfEMP1 expressas e malária grave em pacientes da Amazônia Brasileira. / Plasmodium falciparum var genes code for PfEMP1, a protein expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes, and which mediates cytoadherence and rosetting. Both phenomena are directly associated with severe malaria and the most N-terminal domain, DBL1alfa, specifically mediates rosetting. DBL1alfa sequence analysis from Brazilian and worldwide isolates revealed that sequence similarities cannot predict geographical origin. To determine whether there are DBL1alfa sequences associated with severe malaria, we examined expressed var DBL1alfa sequences in patients with severe malaria from the Brazilian Amazon and found that the predominantly expressed DBL1alfa sequences from these parasites lacked 1-2 cysteine residues. Significantly, these sequences were amply found on the genomic repertoire of parasites from patients with mild malaria and yet they were rarely expressed. These data demonstrate the first association of particular PfEMP1 expressed sequences and severe malaria in patients from the Brazilian Amazon.

The purpose of this essay is to study the evolution and differences of motifs on bronze age objects associated with men and women, the differences in plastic ornamentation and the differences in grave goods in five danish oakcoffin burials from II-III, and fourtythree swedish cremation graves from period IV-VI. The methods used for the motifs and plastic ornamentation are an iconographical one and for the grave goods I have chosen to make a chart. The spiral motifs on beltplates and the ships on the bronze razors, for example, have played a significant part in bronze age life. The same could be said of the plastic ornamentation on the horse headed razors from period II-III. The grave goods from the danish oakcoffin burials could possibly be seen as something connected with sunpriestesses. The few gravegoods coming from the swedish cremation graves could be viewed as a consequence of larger villagers appearing during the late bronze age.

MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE LICENCIADO EN CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS Y SOCIALES / Existe actualmente, tanto en la ley como en la doctrina nacional chilena, una incertidumbre respecto a que entendemos por falta o abuso grave cuando hablamos de recursos de queja. Pareciera ser que está bien claro que la finalidad del recurso de queja es corregir los faltas o abusos graves cometidos por nuestros tribunales de justicia. Sin embargo, no existe ni en la ley ni en la doctrina un tratamiento sobre cuál es el real alcance y sentido de la falta o abuso grave. Al observar esta deficiencia de contenido me vi en la necesidad de recopilar las definiciones o criterios jurisprudenciales recientes de abuso o falta grave. Es por ello, que el objetivo general de esta investigación radica en realizar un estudio exhaustivo de la jurisprudencia relevante de nuestra Excelentísima Corte Suprema durante el año 2017, con el fin de obtener el criterio o los criterios empleados por el máximo tribunal para describir o definir la falta o abuso grave en que incurren los tribunales de justicia para acoger o rechazar un recurso de queja en particular. Después de una clasificación de los criterios empleados, se procederá a realizar un análisis cuantitativo acerca de cuáles son los criterios más empleados por la Corte Suprema y, además, los criterios más usados por cada sala. Por último, se concluirá con los antecedentes incorporados al presente trabajo y se responderá a una pregunta esencial. ¿Es el recurso de queja en la práctica un recurso disciplinario o en realidad se utiliza como un recurso de instancia?

I Spit on Your Grave is a low budget rape/revenge-movie released in 1978, directed by Meir Zarchi. The plot follows Jennifer Hills, who is brutally raped by a group of men and then left for dead. She survives and then proceeds to seek revenge on her rapists. In 2010, a new adaptation was released, with a similar plot and characters, directed by Steven R. Monroe. This study sets out to examine the differences between the portrayal of protagonist Jennifer Hills in the 1978 original and the 2010 version of I Spit on Your Grave. Using qualitative content analysis and a structuralist and semiotic perspective, the study also aims to explore what these differences can tell us about the societies responsible for producing the movies. The theories examined in order to properly answer these questions are mainly feminist film theory derived from acknowledged film theorists and scholars such as Carol Clover and Laura Mulvey. The material analyzed consists of scenes where Jennifer is present, and the results show that Jennifer in 1978 is portrayed in a more feminine manner, heavily influenced by the femme fatale from the 1940’s film noir. She uses her beauty and body to seduce the men in order to kill them, whereas Jennifer in 2010 is portrayed as a woman whose characteristics after the rape transforms into those of a man. In order to get revenge on her rapists, she has to behave more like them. Rather than a beauty, Jennifer is portrayed as a monster. Zarchis' film from the 1970’s seems to reward women behaving and looking like women, while Monroes film from 2010 encourages women to act like men, in order to survive.

Det finns många frågetecken kvar kring konsumtionsbeteende inom förhistoriska kulturer. Målet med denna studie var därför att studera och förbättra förståelsen av det arkeobotaniska materialet i ugnar gjorda för att torka sädeskorn och hur ugnarnas innehåll korrelerar med den växtbaserade matkonsumtionen, samt att försöka se potentiella samband mellan ugnarna, deponerade växtrester i gravar och de två mossliken Grauballemannen och Tollundmannens maginnehåll. De 14 ugnarna, belägna i Sydskandinavien och daterade till järnåldern, analyserades och jämfördes för att se hur deras innehåll förhåller sig både i tid och rum men även jämfört med det övriga åkerbruket från bronsåldern till medeltiden. Det arkeobotaniska fynden visade att i yngre bronsåldern odlades det Hordeum vulgare var. vulgare, vilket följdes av en period då Hordeum vulgare var. nudum odlades. Detta pågick till slutet av romersk järnålder då Hordeum vulgare var. vulgare igen blev den vanligaste grödan att odla. I slutet av järnåldern odlades både Avena sativa och Hordeum vulgare var. vulgare. Övriga sädeskorn som Triticum sp. och Secale cereale har även odlats, dock endast till en mindre grad enligt fynden från ugnarna. De arkeobotaniska fynden jämfördes sedan med den rådande bilden av matkulturen under järnåldern, vilket visar indikationer på att Chenopodium album, Fallopia convolvulus, Persicaria maculosa/lapathifolia, Plantago lanceolata, Poacea, Polygonum aviculare och Spergula arvensis troligen har konsumerats tillsammans med de funna sädeskornen. Flera av dessa påträffades i de samtliga analyserade fornlämningarna.  Jämförelseanalyser i dendrogram mellan gravarnas och ugnars makrofossila rester samt de båda mosslikens maginnehåll visade inga definitiva samband. Dock fanns det gravar som korrelerade relativt starkt med ugnarnas innehåll, möjligen på grund av dess stora fyndmaterial av makrofossil. Dessa kunde visa indikationer på mat och måltid har deponerats i gravar.

El modelo de negocio de Sepulturas Temporales tiene como objetivo analizar la factibilidad de implementar y ofrecer este servicio en los cementerios de Lima Metropolitana y Callao, como servicio adicional a las tradicionales sepulturas perpetuas y cremación. Este modelo permite atender la creciente demanda del servicio debido al aumento de la tasa de mortalidad sumado a las preferencias por las sepulturas perpetuas sobre la cremación, y una oferta limitada por la escasez de espacios disponibles para implementar nuevas áreas de sepulturas cuando la rentabilidad del terreno es más alta en otras áreas inmobiliarias. Se ofrecen Sepulturas Temporales por diez años siguiendo la normativa vigente; al final del plazo, se realiza una exhumación de restos para ser reducidos y trasladados a cinerarios, liberando así el espacio temporal para reutilizarlo en un nuevo servicio. La metodología de investigación aplicada fue una encuesta estructurada y estandarizada con alternativas de respuesta abierta y cerrada para analizar la aceptación o rechazo del mercado objetivo, dando como resultado que, de todo el universo encuestado entre quienes prefirieron sepulturas perpetuas, cremaciones o aún no se decidieron, el 22% tendría la intención de adquirir la Sepulturas Temporales, con esta participación se realizó la modelación financiera proyectando el flujo de ingresos y gastos a diez años: plazo para la primera reutilización de espacios e incluye el costo de oportunidad de reposición por la venta del servicio perpetuo. La demanda se consideró constante y no se ha considerado el efecto pandémico del COVID-19. / The Temporary Graves business model's objective is to analyze the feasibility of implementing and offering this service in the cemeteries of Metropolitan Lima and Callao, as additional service to the traditional perpetual graves and cremation. This model makes it possible to meet the growing demand for the service due to the increase in the mortality rate added to the preferences for perpetual graves over cremation, and a limited supply due to the scarcity of available spaces to implement new graves areas when the profitability of the land is higher in other real estate areas. Temporary Graves are offered for ten years following current regulations; at the end of the term, there is an exhumation of remains to be reduced and transferred to cineraries, thus freeing up the temporary space to reuse it in a new service. The applied research methodology was a structured and standardized survey with open and closed responses alternatives to analyze the acceptance or rejection of the target market, resulting in that, of the entire universe surveyed among those who preferred perpetual graves, cremations or still did not decide, 22% would have the intention of purchasing the Temporary Graves, with this participation the financial modeling was carried out projecting the flow of income and expenses over ten years: term for the first reuse of spaces and including the opportunity cost of replacement from the sale of perpetual service. The demand was considered constant, and the pandemic effect of COVID-19 has not been considered. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

The purpose of this thesis is to study the symbolic role of weapons, specifically axes in Viking age burials. The thesis will also discuss the axe´s role in relaion to the character of the grave and the grave goods. A total 18 graves will be studied and analysed with help from J. Petersen´s typology of Viking age weapons and Holger Arbman`s works on anout Birkas burials and their grave goods. Qualative and quantative research methods will be used used to answer the thesis`questions. First the thesis will discuss what a weapon grave is and explain Petersen`s typology of axes and explain what other types of axes that exist in Birka. It will further analyse weapon and axe symbolism, explain different characteristics and grave goods. Finally, I will discuss different interpretations and patterns surrounding the different practices, grave goods, the types of depsotied axes and the symbolic role of axes in graves. Axes buried with rich grave goods shows that some types of axes have higher status than others. The axes aesthetics do not play a pivotal role in the graves and their placements in the graves do not have a symbolic or deeper meaning.

I denna magisteruppsats kommer strategiska lägen och boplatsers relation till gravar att studeras. Arbetet riktas in på Arnäs och Själevad socken i Örnsköldsvik kommun som ligger in Västernorrlands län. Mer specifikt så är det järnåldersboplatser i Skommarskatan, Gene, Vågnäs and Sörvåge som inkluderas i uppsatsen. Terrängmodellerings kartor, viewsheds, landhöjnings kartor och historiska kartor, litteratur samt fältinventering används för att komma fram till vilket sätt boplatser blev strategiskt belagda och vilken rumslig relation det finns mellan boplatser och gravar. Det visar sig att gravar verkar vara anlagda nära boplatser, men resultatet tyder på att man inte nödvändigtvis ser gravarna från boplatserna på boplatslokalerna. Resultaten visar att viewsheds inte alltid stämmer med det man ser i fält.Resultatet antyder på att terräng, relation till vatten, närhet till färskvatten, kommunikation möjligheter, handelsmöjligheter, resurstillgångar, huskonstruktion och på vilket sätt människorna livnärde sig på har en inverkan på vilket sätt boplatser anlades. Tidigare så har mycket fokus varit lagt på hur RAÄ 22:1 i Gene var strategiskt lagd inom arkeologisk forskning, men i den här uppsatsen har fokus legat på andra typer av boplatser och andra delar av landskapet med hänsyn till fler lokaler. Denna studie har demonstrerat att tidigare studier av järnåldersboplatser i Arnäs och Själevad socken har varit begränsad i sin syn att belysas boplatsers relation till landskapet. Tidigare forskning var fokuset på en lokal och det har visat sig vara en brist när man jämför med landskaps studiemetoder använda i denna studie. Nu har agrara, jägare-samlare och säljägare boplatser studerats och vidgat perspektivet på boplatser strategiska lägen inom studieområdet.