Digital development has taken place at a dramatic pace, this development has brought about new work-related challenges for those who work with software development. This qualitative essay highlights the IT staff's experience of their work situation. The study is based on a number of individuals who work in the IT sector. In view of the fact that sick leave in the IT sector has increased in recent years, the purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth understanding of their work situation, focusing on requirements, control and social support, thus providing some explanations for the increased sickness absence. The theoretical reference framework applied to empirin is the requirement-control and support model as well as previous research on occupational health. The study follows a qualitative method where semistructured interviews have been conducted with IT staff. The empirical result indicates that IT staff at different levels have different requirements and that self-control is an important factor in managing them. Self-control also means that the boundary between work and leisure is wiped out, which may reduce the possibility of recovery. The result shows that social support creates a cooperative spirit with IT staff, which results in a good working environment. The essay thus shows that it may be a good idea to try to implement measures, which allows less work-life-free interfaces and improve the informative support to reduce sick leave. / Den digitala utvecklingen har skett i en dramatisk takt, denna utveckling har medfört nya arbetsrelaterade utmaningar hos dem som arbetar med mjukvaruutveckling. Denna kvalitativa uppsats belyser IT-personalens upplevelse av sin arbetssituation. Studien tar sitt avstamp ifrån ett flertal individer vilka jobbar inom IT-sektorn. Mot bakgrund av att sjukskrivningarna inom IT-sektorn har ökat de senaste åren är syftet med denna uppsats att ge en fördjupad förståelse för deras arbetssituation med fokus på krav, kontroll och socialt stöd och därmed ge några förklaringar till de ökade sjukskrivningarna. Den teoretiska referensram som appliceras på empirin är krav-kontroll-och stödmodellen samt tidigare forskning kring arbetsrelaterad hälsa. Studien följer en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer har skett med IT-personal. Det empiriska resultatet tyder på att IT-personalen har i varierande nivå olika slags krav och att egenkontrollen utgör en viktig faktor för att hantera dessa. Egenkontrollen innebär även att gränsen mellan arbete och fritid suddas ut, vilket kan innebära att möjligheten till återhämtning minskar. Resultatet visar att det sociala stödet skapar en samarbetsanda hos IT-personalen vilket resulterar i ett gott samarbetsklimat. Uppsatsen visar således att det kan vara en god ide att försöka implementera åtgärder vilket möjliggör en mindre gränslöshet mellan arbete och fritid samt att förbättra det informativa stödet för att minska sjukskrivningarna.

Employee attrition is a critical issue for organizations as retaining the best professional talent and controlling the costs linked to losing and employing new employees is a costly process. This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises that have limited resources and where every individual employee is a big part of the collective effort of the company. It has been argued that in most organizations the utility of human resources is not maximized and that investments in the right human resource practices would provide returns that exceed the costs. The unclear relationship between human resource practices and performance is commonly referred to as ‘the black box' of human resource management. Human resource practices are conceptualized differently in the literature and one of the most popular views states that practices should support and synergize with each other and that a combined implementation of practices leads to better results. This concept is often referred to as high performance work systems (HPWS) which is designed to enhance employee effectiveness. Based on the research of HPWS, the AMO-framework was introduced to better explain the linkage between human resources management and organizational performance. The framework is based on the idea that employees will perform better when they are able to do so (Ability), when they possess the motivation to do so (Motivation), and when their work environment provides the necessary support (Opportunity). Due to the lack of research of the AMO-framework in Scandinavian countries, the purpose of this quantitative study is to tests the relationship between the AMO-framework, intention to leave and the two constructs of organizational commitment and work engagement. Based on the purpose, a research question for this study is addressed as follows: What is the impact of Ability, Motivation and Opportunity HR-practices on organizational commitment, work engagement and employees' intention to leave? The sample consisted of a total of 95 employees from various small and medium-sized enterprises in Sweden. The empirical findings suggest that even though the AMO-framework does not impact employees' intention to leave directly, the individual dimensions of Ability and Motivation might do so indirectly through the constructs of organizational commitment and work engagement. These findings highlight the importance of the impact of the AMO framework on the above-mentioned constructs. Furthermore, this study contributes to the studies on human resource management in SMEs by providing more insight for the owner-managers on how to wisely invest in human resources in order to decrease employee attrition.

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between home care assistants’ job satisfaction and the intent to switch jobs or career path. We also aimed to examine the correlation between home care assistants’ form of employment and their intent to switch jobs or career path. Given the fast approaching difficulties recruiting an adequate amount of care staff in elderly care to cover the demand of care staff in the light of the population at large getting older, which means there are progressively more older people for the younger population to care for. A quantitative study was performed on 74 home care assistants. To analyze our results we used Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the social psychology theory of attitudes and job satisfaction. Our result showed that our respondents were particularly satisfied with the relationship with the care recipients, but it also showed that they were not more inclined to switch jobs or career path when they were dissatisfied with the relationship with the care recipients. The result also showed that the full time employees compared to part time employees had a higher intention to leave their employer. In conclusion, we gathered that there are several components that affect the home care assistants’ inclinations to switch jobs or career path.

The aim of this study is to examine if the Liberals interpretation of freedom affects the political party's ability to implement reforms which helps to improve the power structure between women and men. The study focus on the Liberal’s gender policy to further examine how the policy reflects liberal values to first establish the Liberal’s liberal position. Furthermore that will provide a background for the Liberals gender policy arguments which will be examined through theories of liberty, policy management and feminism. By using a qualitative idea analysis, this study aims to first distinguish the ideas behind the Liberals gender policy, and then examine if the parties gender policy actually works towards improve the power structures between women and men. The results of this study shows that there is tension between the Liberals liberal position and the general gender policy goals, which the party is allegedly working towards. The results show that the tension stems from liberal values which inhibit the Liberals to implement reforms that provides an effective protection from the power structures which systematically penalizes women.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-15T13:32:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nicolau Rafael Guimarães Coelho.pdf: 528512 bytes, checksum: 132075b0ad02b8127de4e84ea16dead3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-15T13:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nicolau Rafael Guimarães Coelho.pdf: 528512 bytes, checksum: 132075b0ad02b8127de4e84ea16dead3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / The objective of the present study is the analysis of a current topic of great relevance, namely, women's work and maternity, according to the current legal system. For this approach, it is necessary to highlight the dual role that women play in society, either as a worker in search of capital for the support of her family and as administrator of the home, and to provide means of subsistence in the first moments of the new life that was Conceived. Thus, there is no denying the need to reassess the role of motherhood, given the increased participation of women in the labor market. Including women in the labor market goes far beyond their qualification, just as men do. It means respecting their hormonal, personal and family characteristics, where maternity is highlighted, as it is a general knowledge of the difficulty of reconciling responsibilities arising from the labor market and the obligations arising from maternity. Despite the adverse scenario of maternity and the economic crisis in Brazil, the transition and increase in the number of women entering and remaining in the Brazilian labor market is perceptible. It should be noted that a brief analysis of statistics reveals that men still have higher wages, which demonstrates a discriminatory nature of the insertion of women into the labor market. On the other hand, there is an increase in female employment in middle-level qualification occupations, with relatively more compensated income, with labor benefits extended by the Federal Constitution of 1988, and supported by the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) As in several activities that historically have always been occupied by the male sex, such as, engineering, drivers, among others / O objetivo do presente estudo é a análise de um tema atual e de grande relevância, qual seja, o trabalho da mulher e a maternidade, conforme o ordenamento jurídico vigente. Para essa abordagem, se faz necessário destacar o duplo papel que a mulher exerce na sociedade, seja como trabalhadora em busca do capital para o sustento de sua família e como administradora do lar, devendo prover meios de subsistência nos primeiros momentos da nova vida que foi concebida. Dessa forma, não há como negar a necessidade de reavaliar o papel da maternidade, perante o aumento da participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho. Incluir a mulher no mercado de trabalho vai muito além de sua qualificação, tal como ocorre com os homens. Significa respeitar suas características hormonais, pessoais e familiares, onde destaca-se a maternidade, eis que é de conhecimento geral a dificuldade de conciliar as responsabilidades oriundas do mercado de trabalho e as obrigações decorrentes da maternidade. Em que pese o cenário adverso decorrente da maternidade e a crise econômica que o Brasil atravessa, é perceptível a transição e o aumento do número de mulheres que ingressam e permanecem cada vez mais no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Importante salientar, que uma breve análise das estatísticas, revela que os homens ainda possuem maiores salários, o que demonstra um caráter discriminatório da inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho. Por outro lado, observa-se o aumento da atividade feminina em ocupações de nível médio de qualificação, com rendimentos relativamente mais compensadores, com benefícios trabalhistas ampliados pela Constituição Federal de 1988, e sendo amparadas pela Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT), bem como em diversas atividades que historicamente sempre foram ocupadas pelo sexo masculino, tais como, engenharia, motoristas, entre outras

The Affordable Care Act of 2010 increased the number of patients seen in a northeast, urban trauma emergency department by 34%. This created a problem as it occurred simultaneously with a nursing shortage. Consequently, patient satisfaction scores fell below the national average benchmark. The rate patients left the emergency department without being seen was 2.6% higher than the national average and patient fall rates increased by 20%. A review of the literature to search for solutions led to the support of an hourly rounding project and an educational workshop promoting proactive nurse behaviors as a way to address the quality and safety gap. The goal of this scholarly project was to develop this evidence based, theory supported project and to conduct a formative and summative evaluation by an expert review panel in order to achieve consensus before implementation. An executive team was formed and led through the process of development of a detailed hourly rounding protocol and workshop, which will be implemented at the facility at a later time. A 10 member expert panel was formed. The panel members consented to participate in an explanatory session, to review all project materials, and to complete an anonymous 20 question survey tool. The panel also consented to review any changes made to materials as part of a summative evaluation. Descriptive analysis of the formative data demonstrated a 90% overall agreement that the workshop was comprehensive and covered key concepts within 5 categories. Minor requested revisions were made in response to formative results. The summmative review demonstrated 100% consensus on the revisions. This project will bring about social change by engaging nurses in proactively caring for patients in a safe and efficient manner.

<p>När en person söker en första kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården sker det oftast via ett telefonsamtal till vårdcentralen. Vid telefonsamtalet, som tas emot av en sjuksköterska, bedöms och åtgärdas vårdsökarens ärende. Sjukskrivningar är ett av många ärenden som hanteras. De senaste åren har hanteringen av sjukskrivningar i Svensk hälso- och sjukvård förändrats vilket har orsakat en minskning av antalet sjukskrivningar. Sjuksköterskor har i varierande grad deltagit i denna utveckling och denna studie vill synliggöra sjuksköterskans deltagande i vården av sjukskrivna på vårdcentralen.</p><p>Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av telefonrådgivning på vårdcentralen och speciellt hantering av sjukskrivningar. Studien är kvalitativ med induktiv ansats. Datainsamling har skett genom fokusgruppssamtal med 14 stycken sjuksköterskor som arbetar med telefonrådgivning på tre vårdcentraler. Insamlat material analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.</p><p>Gruppsamtalen visade att sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av telefonrådgivning är att arbetet är kvalificerat och stimulerande. Hanteringen av sjukskrivningar innefattar att göra bedömning, ge patienten information och bevaka patientens rättigheter. Hindrande och möjliggörande omständigheter påverkar sjuksköterskornas arbete och deras hantering. De hindrande omständigheterna kan ibland leda till att sjuksköterskan vill frånsäga sig ansvar. Studien har identifierat ett behov av att tydliggöra omvårdnadsansvaret för verksamma sjuksköterskor i telefonrådgivning på vårdcentral så att sjuksköterskans bedömningar i telefonrådgivningssituationen i högre grad baseras på omvårdnadens mål.</p> / <p>When a person seeks contact with community health services in Sweden it’s usually via a phone call to the primary health care centre. By the phone call, received by a nurse, the health seeker’s case is assessed and addressed. Sick leave is one of many cases being managed. In recent years, management of sick leave in Swedish primary health care has changed and decreased the number of sick leaves. However, nurses have in varying degrees, participated in this change. This study will visualize the nurse's participation in the care of patients on sick leave at the primary health care centre.</p><p>The aim was to describe nurses' experiences of telephone advisory services at the primary health care centre and especially the management of sick leaves. The study is qualitative with an inductive approach. Data collection was done through focus group discussions with 14 nurses working with telephone advisory services at three primary health care centres. Collected material was analyzed by qualitative content analysis.</p><p>The group discussions demonstrated nurses' experiences of telephone advisory services as qualified and stimulating. The specific management of sick leave was described as a combination of making assessment, providing patient information and monitoring the patient's rights. Obstructing and enabling circumstances affect nurses telephone advisory services and their management of sick leaves. The obstucitive cirumstances sometimes causes nurses wanting to abdicate responsibility. The study has identified a need to clarify the caring responsibility for nurses in telephone advice services so that nurse's assessments increasingly are based on caring goales.</p>

<p>Syftet var att undersöka i vilken omfattning långtidssjukskrivna haft kontakt med arbetsplatsen/arbetskamraterna/arbetsledaren och om de haft någon stödperson på arbetsplatsen under sjukskrivningen samt ifall de sjukskrivna anser att det påverkat möjligheterna till återgång i arbete. Studien baserade sig på en enkätundersökning med 36 långtidssjukskrivna som haft en sjukskrivningstid på minst 90 dagar i följd och vid sjukskrivningstillfället haft en anställning. Studien visade att kontakten varit gles, trots det ansåg ett lika stort antal att kontakten varit tillräcklig som otillräcklig. Endast ett fåtal hade haft någon stödperson på arbetet. Hypotesen ”att fortsatt kontakt med arbetsplatsen under långtidssjukskrivning har en positiv påverkan på möjligheterna till återgång i arbete” fick endast delvis stöd. Endast när det gällde grad av kontakt med arbetsledare/chef och utfall, visade sig vara signifikant på 5 % nivån. När det gällde graden av kontakten med arbetskamrater, facklig företrädare och ”Annan” kunde ingen signifikans påvisas. Studiens konklusion var att arbetsledare/chef var den viktigaste kontakten och att arbetskamraterna och fackliga företrädarna var en outnyttjad potential, som skulle kunna stärka det sociala stödet.</p>

<p>Det finns många aktörer på marknaden som säljer hälsofrämjande tjänster till företag, föreningar och organisationer. Två bolag inom Sandvik AB köper en sjuk- och friskanmälningstjänst med telefonrådgivning av Unimed Care AB. Syftet med uppsatsen var att utföra en utvärdering åt de två bolag som köper tjänsten, samt se effekten av den. Tre olika enkäter delades ut till totalt 861 medarbetare. Bortfallet i undersökningen är betydande, 21 % av undersökningspopulationen deltog i utvärderingen. En enkät riktar sig till medarbetare, en till flödeschefer och en till Human Resource (personalavdelningen). För att komplettera insamlat material har information sökts via telefon och mail. Resultatet visar att medarbetares och flödeschefers uppfattningar om tjänsten varierar. För att öka samtligas tillfredställelse med tjänsten behövs mer information och kunskap om tjänsten, samt dess syfte. Det är många som inte vet hur tjänsten kan användas. Flödescheferna kan behöva förslag på hur statistiken kan användas i arbetet med personalfrågor. Sjukfrånvaron har minskat nationellt och även inom Sandvik koncernen under 2006-2008. Att sjukfrånvaron minskat under de år bolagen köpt tjänsten från Unimed kan förklaras som en kombination av samtliga insatser som bolagen genomfört, förändringar i nationella regler för sjukskrivning, samt att sjukskrivningarna minskat i hela landet.</p>

<p>Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur samverkan ser ut mellan kommun och landsting vad</p><p>avser personer som vårdas enligt lag (1991:1129) om rättspsykiatrisk vård (LRV) och skall</p><p>permitteras till hemkommunen. Studiens frågeställningar är: (1) Hur sker samverkan mellan</p><p>kommun och landsting innan permissionen verkställs?</p><p>(2) Hur sker samverkan mellan kommun och landsting under tiden en person är permitterad?</p><p>(3) Vilka möjligheter och hinder finns vad avser samverkan mellan kommun och landsting gällande personer som permitterats?</p><p>Metodvalet är kvalitativt och författarna har genomfört fem intervjuer med nyckelpersoner</p><p>inom landsting och samverkande kommuner. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten är Danermarks</p><p>tre primära samverkansbegrepp: organisation, kunskap och regelverk. Resultatet visar att</p><p>landstinget har ansvar för vård och behandling och att kommunen har ansvar för boende och</p><p>sysselsättning. Respondenterna inom landstinget upplever att deras samverkan fungerar bra</p><p>och uttrycker att det är vikigt med en god kommunikation samt att personkännedom</p><p>underlättar samverkan. I dagsläget saknas det skriftliga samverkansavtal som är förankrade i</p><p>verksamheterna, det saknas även en klar målsättning för samverkan. Detta är något som</p><p>studiens tidigare forskning rekommenderar för en förbättrad samverkan. Respondenterna i en</p><p>av kommunerna upplever att de får för lite bakgrundshistorik om brukarna och anser att viss</p><p>rädsla kan finnas på grund av detta. De anser även att den handledning de idag får ifrån</p><p>landstingets personal inte är tillräcklig. En respondent ifrån landstinget tycker dock att de ger</p><p>lagom mycket information och att rädslan skulle kunna öka bland kommunens personal om de</p><p>gav mer information.</p> / <p>The aim of this study is to research how the collaboration between municipality and county</p><p>council works, about persons who are in forensic psychiatric care and are going on</p><p>community leave. The studied issues are: (1) How does the collaboration work, between the</p><p>municipality and county council, before the community leave is carried out? (2) How does the</p><p>collaboration work, between the municipality and county council, during the community</p><p>leave? (3) Witch possibilities and obstacles can be found in the collaboration between the</p><p>municipality and county council, about persons who are on community leave?</p><p>The method in the study is qualitative and the authors have accomplished five interviews with</p><p>key figures within county council and collaborating municipalities. The theoretical starting</p><p>point is Danermarks three collaboration concepts: organization, knowledge and rules. The</p><p>result shows that the county council has the responsibility of medical care and treatment and</p><p>that the municipality has the responsibility of the housing and occupation. The county council</p><p>respondents experience that the collaboration is good and they also express that it is important</p><p>to have an open communication, and that good knowledge of the persons involved facilitates</p><p>the collaboration. Today there is a lack of written collaboration agreements that have gained</p><p>approval within the organizations. Also, there is no common aim with the collaboration. A</p><p>written agreement with a clear aim for the collaboration is something that is recommended by</p><p>earlier research to improve the collaboration. The respondents in one municipality would like</p><p>to get more background history about the persons who are on community leave, the lack of</p><p>information could cause fear among the employees. They would also like some more</p><p>guidance from the county council staff. One county council employee thinks that more</p><p>information would cause more fear amongst the municipality staff.</p>