Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 472327 bytes, checksum: 21aea3ae3fc9ce356c1bc4c56116215c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-19 / The present paper aims at studying the factors of motivation and job satisfaction of teachers at a private institution of higher education. The subjects of study are fifteen (15) teachers of undergraduate courses in pedagogy and psychology of both sexes, aged between 26 to 55 years old. The theoretical framework was guided in the theories of Maslow, McGregor and Herzberg about motivation. The methodology used in this research was a quantitative and qualitative case study. The tools used for collecting data and assessing followed the adapted version of Schmidt (1990) and Fossile (2005). We could conclude in the course of our research that teaching is motivating when roles are clear, the tasks are challenging, when there are supervisors who support leadership style. Thus, in this group the bureaucratic activities, the relationship between colleagues, the teacher performance to identify occupation are factors that do not cause discouragement, since these are basic conditions for promoting the welfare of the employee, for example, they are promoting quality life at work. But it is difficult to feel job satisfaction due to low salaries and lack of security. We concluded that this difficulty is linked to issues of global economic crisis that changed working relationships. Thus, specific actions for better pay and benefits should be increased so that teachers get greater satisfaction. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os fatores de motivação e satisfação no trabalho docente em uma instituição de ensino superior particular. Os sujeitos de estudos foram 15 (quinze) professores dos cursos de graduação em Pedagogia e Psicologia, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 26 a 55 anos, aproximadamente. A fundamentação teórica foi norteada nas teorias de Maslow, McGregor e Herzberg sobre motivação. A metodologia empregada nesta pesquisa foi de estudo de caso quanti-qualitativo. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados e avaliados obedeceram à versão adaptada de Schmidt (1990) e Fossile (2005). Pode-se concluir, no decorrer da pesquisa, que o trabalho docente é motivador quando os papéis são claros, as tarefas são desafiadoras, quando há supervisores que apresentam um estilo apoiador de liderança. Sendo assim, neste grupo as atividades burocráticas, o relacionamento entre colegas, o desempenho docente e a identificação profissional são fatores que não causam desmotivação, visto que estas condições são básicas para a promoção do bem-estar do funcionário, ou seja, são promotoras de qualidade de vida no trabalho. Porém, existem fatores que tornam difícil sentir satisfação com o trabalho devido à remuneração insatisfatória e à falta de segurança. Concluímos que esta dificuldade está vinculada à problemática da crise econômica mundial que modificou as relações do trabalho. Assim, ações específicas de melhor remuneração e benefícios devem ser incrementadas, objetivando-se maior satisfação dos indivíduos, seja numa instituição de ensino seja numa empresa.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 472327 bytes, checksum: 21aea3ae3fc9ce356c1bc4c56116215c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-19 / The present paper aims at studying the factors of motivation and job satisfaction of teachers at a private institution of higher education. The subjects of study are fifteen (15) teachers of undergraduate courses in pedagogy and psychology of both sexes, aged between 26 to 55 years old. The theoretical framework was guided in the theories of Maslow, McGregor and Herzberg about motivation. The methodology used in this research was a quantitative and qualitative case study. The tools used for collecting data and assessing followed the adapted version of Schmidt (1990) and Fossile (2005). We could conclude in the course of our research that teaching is motivating when roles are clear, the tasks are challenging, when there are supervisors who support leadership style. Thus, in this group the bureaucratic activities, the relationship between colleagues, the teacher performance to identify occupation are factors that do not cause discouragement, since these are basic conditions for promoting the welfare of the employee, for example, they are promoting quality life at work. But it is difficult to feel job satisfaction due to low salaries and lack of security. We concluded that this difficulty is linked to issues of global economic crisis that changed working relationships. Thus, specific actions for better pay and benefits should be increased so that teachers get greater satisfaction. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os fatores de motivação e satisfação no trabalho docente em uma instituição de ensino superior particular. Os sujeitos de estudos foram 15 (quinze) professores dos cursos de graduação em Pedagogia e Psicologia, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 26 a 55 anos, aproximadamente. A fundamentação teórica foi norteada nas teorias de Maslow, McGregor e Herzberg sobre motivação. A metodologia empregada nesta pesquisa foi de estudo de caso quanti-qualitativo. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados e avaliados obedeceram à versão adaptada de Schmidt (1990) e Fossile (2005). Pode-se concluir, no decorrer da pesquisa, que o trabalho docente é motivador quando os papéis são claros, as tarefas são desafiadoras, quando há supervisores que apresentam um estilo apoiador de liderança. Sendo assim, neste grupo as atividades burocráticas, o relacionamento entre colegas, o desempenho docente e a identificação profissional são fatores que não causam desmotivação, visto que estas condições são básicas para a promoção do bem-estar do funcionário, ou seja, são promotoras de qualidade de vida no trabalho. Porém, existem fatores que tornam difícil sentir satisfação com o trabalho devido à remuneração insatisfatória e à falta de segurança. Concluímos que esta dificuldade está vinculada à problemática da crise econômica mundial que modificou as relações do trabalho. Assim, ações específicas de melhor remuneração e benefícios devem ser incrementadas, objetivando-se maior satisfação dos indivíduos, seja numa instituição de ensino seja numa empresa.

The diploma thesis is focused on the problematics of urban pollution. Mainly on the impact of human activities and their consequences. Its main intention is to analyse an urban greenery system and its effect on the quality of life in both a positive and negative ways. Furthermore the diploma thesis researches the indicators of contamination, the sources of emission and their quantity at the location. The work comperes the individual indicators and the results of emission measuring. Then it proposes a suitable solution for better urban space planning with urban greenery.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and every year 8000 people in Sweden gets diagnosed. Today eight out of ten breast cancer patients survive and the survival rates increase every year. However, breast cancer is still the type of cancer with the highest death rate among women besides lung cancer. During a mastectomy the whole breast is surgically removed. The changes in appearance and body image after mastectomy can lead to psychological, emotional and sexual consequences that may have a change in quality of life among these patients. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore women’s experiences of body image, quality of life, psychological- and sexual health after mastectomy due to breast cancer as well as to compare these expieriences between women who have and have not undergone breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Method: A literature review based on 18 scientific articles. Searches in Pubmed resulted in thirteen studies of quantitative design and five with qualitative design. Resultat: Four main themes were identified. Depression & Anxiety which described that mastectomized women showed greater symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to women who had undergone breast conserving surgery. In Body Image the women reported a negative change in body image post mastectomy. Sexuality showed that many women experienced that the mastectomy affected their sexual relations and partnerships. Lastly, in the theme Quality of life women declared a decreased self- esteem, emotional stability and social functioning negatively affecting quality of life. Conclusion: The experiences of mastectomy varies and are highly individual. However, many women experiences negative consequences following mastectomy. It is therefore important for nurses and other health workers to be aware of how mastectomy can affect patients in order to give an optimal care and support. / Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen bland kvinnor och varje år får fler än 8000 en bröstcancerdiagnos i Sverige. Överlevnaden i Sverige är åtta av tio drabbade och antal dödsfall minskar varje år. Trots detta är bröstcancer, efter lungcancer, den cancerform som orsakar flest dödsfall bland kvinnor. Vid mastektomi avlägsnas hela bröstet, vilket leder till en kroppslig förändring. Detta kan påverka kvinnor i olika aspekter såsom den psykiska hälsan, kroppsbild, sexualitet och livskvalitén. Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka kvinnors upplevelser av kroppsbild, livskvalité, sexuella-och psykiska hälsa efter att ha genomgått en mastektomi samt jämföra upplevelserna av kroppsbild, livskvalité, sexuella-och psykiska hälsa mellan kvinnor som genomgått en mastektomi och kvinnor som genomgått en bröstrekonstruktion. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturöversikt. Databasen PubMed användes för informationssökning. Urvalet resulterade i tretton kvantitativa och fem kvalitativa artiklar. Resultat: Huvudteman som presenterades var depression & ångest som visade att kvinnor efter en mastektomi uppvisade en högre grad av depressions-och ångestsymptom än kvinnor som genomgått en bröstrekonstruktion. Kroppsbild redogör att kvinnor hade sämre självbild efter att ha opererat bort bröstet än innan operationen. Sexualitet klargör att kvinnors sexuella- och partnerrelationer påverkades negativt på grund av det förändrade kroppsutseendet. Livskvalité, beskriver att kvinnor hade sämre självförtroende, emotionell stabilitet samt social funktion vilket orsakade en sämre livskvalité Slutsats: Kvinnors erfarenheter och upplevelser efter genomgången mastektomi är högst individuella och varierande. Resultatet i denna studie belyser dock många negativa erfarenheter och välbefinnande. Forskning inom området ger sjuksköterskor och annan vårdpersonal kunskapen om hur psykosocialt och emotionellt lidande pre- och postoperativt kan förebyggas i samband med mastektomi.

Background: Chronic plaque-type psoriasis is a major dermatosis, but a significant question is still unanswered: What defines severity in chronic plaque-type psoriasis? While objective assessments like the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) have frequently been used in clinical trials, quality of life (QOL) questionnaires are currently becoming more and more popular. Objective: This article summarizes the most important objective and subjective measurements of severity in psoriasis. For every dermatologist it is critically important to distinguish between severe psoriasis and psoriasis that severely affects QOL. Even if the PASI also has disadvantages, it is the most adequate instrument available to evaluate severity in plaque-type psoriasis. Result: We provide reasons why PASI >12 defines severe, PASI 7–12 moderate and PASI <7 mild chronic plaque-type psoriasis. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Background: According to current guidelines the cost of productivity loss should be considered in pharmacoeconomic analyses. The cost of health-related productivity loss in psoriasis patients is unknown. Objective: To estimate the cost of productivity loss in psoriasis and its association with health-related quality of life and clinical disease severity. Methods: Cross-sectional study, recruitment of adult participants through Internet advertisements. 201 (72.3%) out of 278 eligible participants completed the study. Health-related work productivity loss, quality of life and clinical severity of psoriasis were assessed by standardized instruments. Results: Indirect costs of productivity loss clearly exceed the total direct cost. In contrast to objective clinical disease severity, health-related quality of life (measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index) is an independent predictor of work productivity. Conclusions: There is good reason to believe that intervention can reduce health-related productivity loss by improving patients’ quality of life. Savings from increased work productivity might offset comparatively high acquisition costs of biological agents. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Bakgrund: Svårläkta bensår kan orsakas av en rad olika diagnoser. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll vid behandling av bensår, för optimal behandling behöver hela patientens situation beaktas. Tidigare forskning visar att patienter med svårläkta bensårs livskvalitet är påverkad genom nedsatt rörlighet, smärta, klåda, lukt, sömnrubbningar och social isolering. För att sjuksköterskan ska kunna förbättra hälsorelaterad livskvalité (HRQOL) hos patienter med bensår måste kunskap om vad som påverkar detta skapas. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa skillnader i hälsorelaterad livskvalité med avseende på olika diagnosgrupper vid svårläkta bensår. Metod: En kvantitativ design har använts i studien som genomfördes med hälso-och livsstilsenkäten RAND36. Enkäterna fördes in i programmet SPSS och vid den statistiska analysen användes Kruskal-Wallis test och Chi-Square test för få fram signifikansvärden. Resultat: Mellan diagnosgrupperna fanns en signifikant skillnad inom domänerna fysisk funktion och generell hälsa och en påvisad signifikant skillnad mellan diagnosgrupperna och rörelseförmåga. Diskussion och konklusion: HRQOL var påverkat hos patienter med bensår inom domänerna fysisk funktion och generell hälsa och det behövs utvecklas metoder för att identifiera och förbättra HRQOL i omhändertagande av patienter med bensår. För att följa omvårdnadsresultat som är hälsofrämjande för patienten med bensår bör vårdresultat och hälsoeffekter mätas. / Background: Chronic leg ulcer may be caused by a variety of diagnoses, often interacted by several factors. The nurse has an important role in the treatment of leg ulcers, for optimal treatment you have to take the whole situation into account. Previous research shows that patients with chronic leg ulcers health related quality of life (HRQOL) is affected by reduced mobility, pain, itching, odor, sleep disorders and social isolation. To improve HRQOL for patients with leg ulcers the nurse need more knowledge about what causes it. Aim: To illustrate the differences in HRQOL with regard to different diagnostic groups for chronic leg ulcers. Method: A quantitative design has been used in the study and was performed with the health-related quality of life survey RAND36. The questionnaires were entered in program SPSS and in the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and chi-square test where used for obtaining significant values. Results: Between diagnostic groups is a significant difference in the domains of physical functioning and general health and a demonstrated significant differences between diagnostic groups and mobility. Discussion and conclusion: HRQOL was affected in patients with leg ulcers in the domains of physical functioning and general health. It is a need to develop methods for identifying and improving HRQOL in the care of patients with leg ulcers. To follow the care results that are improving health for patients with leg ulcers should care and health outcomes measured.

Bakgrund: En av tio kvinnor i världen drabbas av endometrios. Det kan vara ensmärtsam diagnos vilket behandlas med läkemedel, kirurgi och ibland i kombinationmed icke-farmakologiska interventioner. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersökasjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder för en förbättrad livskvalitet vid endometrios. Metod: Allmän litteraturstudie utifrån en induktiv ansats. Sökningarna utfördessystematiskt i databaserna: Academic Search Premier, Cinahl och PubMed. Resultat:Tolv vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades med omvårdnadsåtgärder som förbättradelivskvaliteten. Analysen genererade en huvudkategori: Egenvårdsrådgivning - vilketinfann sig i sex underkategorier: gruppbehandlingar som höjer livskvaliteten, digitalahjälpmedel som främjar egenvården, rådgivning om kost, att föra dagbok, att stödjafysisk aktivitet och metoder för avslappning. Konklusion: Resultatet belyser ickefarmakologiska behandlingsmetoder som effektiva för att förbättra livskvaliteten, oftagenom minskad smärta. Den mest centrala omvårdnadsåtgärden som framkom imajoriteten av studierna, var egenvårdsrådgivning genom: metoder för avslappning,gruppbehandlingar som höjer livskvaliteten, rådgivning om kost, digitala hjälpmedelsom främjar egenvården, att stödja fysisk aktivitet och att föra dagbok. / Background: One in ten women in the world suffers from endometriosis. It can be apainful diagnosis which is treated with drugs, surgery and sometimes in combinationwith non-pharmacological interventions. Objective: The aim was to explore thenurse's interventions for an improved quality of life in endometriosis. Method: General literature review based on an inductive approach. The searches were carriedout systematically in the databases: Academic Search Premier, Cinahl and PubMed. Results: Twelve scientific articles were included with nursing interventions thatimproved quality of life. The analysis generated one main category: Self-carecounselling – that appeared in six subcategories: group treatments that improvequality of life, digital aids that promote self-care, dietary advice, to keep a diary,supporting physical activity and methods of relaxation. Conclusion: The resulthighlights non-pharmacological treatment methods as effective in improving qualityof life, often through reduced pain. The most central nursing intervention thatemerged in the majority of the studies, was self-care counselling through: relaxationmethods, group treatments that increase quality of life, nutrition counselling, digitalaids that promote self-care, supporting physical activity and keeping a diary.

[pt] O rápido processo de urbanização das cidades ao redor do mundo está causando diversas consequências em suas estruturas. As urbes não foram planejadas para suportar esse grande número de habitantes, logo causando dificuldades socioeconômicas para sua população, além de problemas de infraestrutura urbana. Essa grande concentração de mentes criativas vivendo nas áreas urbanas levou também a um novo fenômeno, a Revolução digital, que é caracterizada pelo avanço tecnológico, o qual possibilita a quase instantânea conexão entre as pessoas e os dispositivos. Desse modo, nasce a temática cidades inteligentes que busca solucionar os problemas das urbes atuais com o auxílio das ferramentas tecnológicas, que surgiram com a revolução digital. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico sobre a inteligência do município de Curitiba, além de propor diretrizes gerais e projetos na área de mobilidade urbana para que a cidade se desenvolva e se torne mais smart. A metodologia utilizada dentro dessa dissertação foi: realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema cidades inteligentes; analisar detalhadamente a urbe de Curitiba; entender a inteligência de Curitiba a partir da população (entrevistas); e traçar novas diretrizes e projetos. O trabalho mostrou, como resultado, que a urbe de Curitiba está caminhando para se tornar uma smart city no futuro, graças a suas diversas inciativas que visam um desenvolvimento sustentável e uma ótima qualidade de vida para a população. Atualmente, o município ainda tem alguns pontos a melhorar, os quais devem ser repensados com novos projetos e estratégias conectadas às existentes. / [en] Cities play a key role in economic, social, and environmental spheres. It is noticeable that they are experiencing a rapid population increase due to industrialization and globalization (Mori and Christodoulou, 2012; Rocha, 2021). However, this population increase is causing several consequences in its urban and natural structures, such as lack of jobs, poor quality of the health system, increased urban violence, mobility problems, environmental pollution, etc. (Silva and Travassos, 2008). Along with this growth, it is observed that over the last decade technological advances have emerged and the internet has become a reality. Thus, starting the digitization of cities (Gonçalves, 2018). Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the cities reported above, seeking more sustainable answers, together with the evolution of technology and information, the theme called smart city emerged (Nadal, 2020). There are several literary definitions for the concept of a smart city, and an analysis of them was done throughout the work. Which, it can be observed that the two main types of intelligent towns addressed by theorists are: the one that deals with the life quality of the inhabitants and the resolution of current urban problems; and the one dealing with the use of ICT to manage the municipality. (Hollands, 2008). It is also possible to understand that the most current authors have characterized a smart urban area according to the life quality approach, which will be portrayed in this research. It is observed that a current smart city is not composed only of technology. It is just a tool for the full and sustainable development of the town, through the participation of society, and decision-making always together with the ultimate purpose of a municipal of excellence for its inhabitants.

Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Standards define target reliability levels that govern the safety of designed structures. These target levels should be around an economic optimum for the class of structure under consideration. However, society may have safety requirements in excess of that required to achieve an economic optimum. The LQI criterion can be used to determine society’s willingness to invest in safety, thereby defining a minimum acceptable safety- or reliability level. This thesis determines economically optimised reliability levels for reliability class two concrete structures in South Africa, over a range of typical input parameters. Rackwitz’s (2000) approach is used here, adjusted for the South African context. The structure is described using a simple limit state function, defined as the difference between load and resistance, with resistance a function of a global safety parameter. South African construction costs, costs of increasing safety, failure costs and discount rates are used in the objective function for economic optimisation. Life Quality Index (LQI) theory is used as a basis to derive society’s willingness to pay (SWTP) for safety and the corresponding reliability level is found by applying the LQI criterion. In the South African context the derivation of SWTP presents some challenges, which is discussed. Situations where the minimum required reliability would exceed the economically optimum reliability level are discussed. Various reliability based cost optimization case studies are conducted covering a broad range of typical concrete design situations. From these case studies a range of target reliability indices are derived for typical concrete structural components and failure modes. Obtained values are compared to current South African target levels of reliability provided by the South African loading code and recommendations are made. The approach used by Rackwitz (2000) is compared with results obtained from case studies and used as basis to estimate optimum reliability levels for other types of buildings. Functions are written in MATLAB to allow replication of the study for others seeking to derive optimum reliability indices. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Standaarde spesifiseer teiken betroubaarheidsvlakke wat die veiligheidsvlak van ontwerpte strukture bepaal. Hierdie teikenvlak moet rondom die ekonomiese optimum wees vir die klas van struktuur onder oorweging. Die samelewing verkies moontlik ‘n hoër veiligheidsvlak as wat deur die ekonomiese optimum dikteer word. Die LKI (Lewens Kwaliteit Indeks) maatstaf kan gebuik word om die samelewing se bereidwilligheid om in veiligheid te belê te bepaal en sodoende ‘n minimum veiligheidsvlak bepaal. Hierdie tesis bepaal die ekonomiese optimum betroubaarheidsvlak vir klas twee beton strukture in Suid-Afrika vir wisselende parameters. Rackwitz (2000) se benadering word in hierdie studie gebruik en is aangepas vir Suid-Afrikaanse omstandighede. Die struktuur word beskryf deur ‘n eenvoudige limiet staat funksie, gedefinieer as die verskil tussen die las en weerstand, met die weerstand as die funksie van ‘n globale veiligheidsparameter. Suid-Afrikaanse konstruksie koste, veiligheidsvermedering koste, falingskoste en diskonteer koerse word gebruik vir optimering. Die LKI teorie word gebruik om SBB (Samelewing Bereidheid om te Belê) vir veiligheid af te lei en die ooreenkomstige betroubaarheidsvlak word bepaal deur die LKI maatstaf toe te pas. In die afleiding hiervan vir Suid-Afrikaanse omstandighede is sekere uitdagings teegekom wat bespreek word. Situasies waar die minimum betroubaarheidsvlak hoer is as die ekonomiese optimum word bespreek. Verskillende betroubaarheids gebaseerde optimering gevalstudies word gedoen op tipiese beton struktuur elemente. Van hierdie gevalstudies is optimum betroubaarheidsindekse vir die tipiese beton elemente en galingsmodusie afgelei. Die betroubaarheidsindekse word vergelyk met huidige betroubaarheidsindekse soos wat voorgeskryf is in die Suid-Afrikaanse laskode (SANS10160-1(2011)). Rackwitz (2000) se benadering word vergelyk met die resultate van die gevallestudies en word gebruik as basis om optimum betroubaarheidsvlakke vir ander tipes geboue te voorspel. MATLAB funksies is geprogrameer om minimum en optimum betroubaarheidsindekse af te lei.