現代化組織雖然熱衷於導入資訊科技來提升組織競爭力，但研究發現近一半的科技導入最後是以失敗收場；此種不導入科技則組織將失去競爭力、但導入科技後卻達不到預期成效的兩難，是造成組織生產力困境的原因之一。此一企業面對科技採用的兩難困境，引發本論文的研究動機。 實務中許多科技導入失敗的案例已經說明決定企業是否擁有競爭力不在於組織是否導入科技或使用者如何採用新科技，愈來愈多的研究已證實如何在導入科技後，讓員工願意改變既有的工作習性，並樂於持續地使用科技，且逐漸將科技使用內化成為日常工作實踐，可能更加重要。此外，實務中也常發現組織內的科技使用者在面對相同科技時，往往並不是接受科技，或是拒絕科技的二元採用論；相反地，因為使用者會對科技進行自我詮釋與賦予個人意義，故導致許多不同且有趣的採用類型，甚至可能造成非預期的負面反應與行為。 過去許多探討個人層次的科技採用研究專注於科技採用者的認知因素對科技接受與否之影響，本論文則專注於科技採用的情感面探討，瞭解使用者對科技的心理擁有感受如何影響採用行為。綜合過往文獻的不足，本論文提出二項主要研究問題：(1) 科技採用是否存在多元化的採用類型？影響原因為何？與 (2) 科技採用者對科技的心理擁有感如何影響科技採用行為與績效？ 針對上述的研究問題，本論文回顧科技採用、科技意會、心理擁有感與在地知識等相關文獻，輔以二階段的研究策略，依序進行個案質化研究的理論建構 (研究一) 與量化假說的理論驗證 (研究二)。首先，研究一以新加坡康福計程車與台灣大車隊計程車為研究個案，藉由瞭解二地的計程車司機如何採用衛星派遣科技之紮根研究，歸納出科技採用者的科技心理擁有感將影響對科技的意會，與使用科技的在地知識類型；其次，科技心理擁有感可藉由以上二者的中介效果，進而影響科技採用型態與採用頻次。本論文由研究一推導出相關的研究假說，以供研究二進行關係驗證。最後，在研究二中，本論文藉由科技心理擁有感、在地知識、科技意會的量表發展與結構方程式統計分析，進行研究一的假說驗證與探討。 經由數百位計程車司機開車實踐的觀察、訪談與大樣本問卷調查後，本論文發現科技心理擁有感可區分為「我的科技心理擁有感」與「我們的科技心理擁有感」二類屬性；而科技心理擁有感將產生二大類的科技意會類型：「實用認同型科技意會」與「自利專屬型科技意會」，與二大類的在地知識：「近地型在地知識」與「遠地型在地知識」，最後，進而影響科技的多元採用類型與採用績效。 本論文有系統地利用質性紮根研究進行構念的歸納與分類，發現不同型式的科技心理擁有感、多元科技意會、在地知識與科技採用類型，並建構一個多構念且具完整性的科技採用分析架構與衡量方法。同時，本論文也借用組織行為理論中的心理擁有感理論於科技採用研究中，以解釋個人對科技的心理擁有感如何影響科技採用行為。整體而言，本論文力求達到研究情境真實性、研究衡量精準性與研究結論類推性的理論建構三大目標。 / For purposed of efficiency, organizations often engage in adopting or transferring new technology across national boundary to increase their competitive advantage. But researches found over half cases of IT (information technology) implementation failed in the end. This dilemma between losing competitive advantage without IT implication and failing in adoption with technology transfer is a main challenge of organization. The research objective of this dissertation is to understand the profound occasions of this dilemma. In the reality, many IT failure cases have illustrated keeping competitive advantage for organization was depends on how to transform users’ routines or habits from current IT usage on post-adoption stage rather than adopting a new technology on pre-adoption stage. In other words, the final goal of IT implementation is to internalize the technology use to become users’ daily practices. In addition, what is missing from the current discussion literature of technology management is that technology adoption is multiple patterns rather than a trade off between acceptance and rejection. Therefore, in different organizational context various users may render multiple interpretations of the same technology, leading diversified adoptive behaviors or some negative and unexpected results of IT use. The first research question of this dissertation is: How do people’s situated practices enact patterns of users’ sense-making towards technology, leading to multiple modes of technology use? Prior studies of technology adoption in individual level have developed a set of useful analysis on technology acceptance from users’ cognition perspective. However, the current literature has not yet investigated behaviors of technology adoption from affective approach. The second research question of this dissertation is: How feeling of ownership of technology individual user has influences their technology use? Through the literature review from technology adoption, technology sense-making, psychological ownership, and local knowledge, we built a two-stage research strategy to answer the above research questions. First, we formulae a conceptual framework by conducting qualitative research approach. Two cases was investigated in this stage, they were Comfort Taxi Co. in Singapore and Taiwan High Transportation Co. (THT) in Taiwan. By ethnographic data collecting from two cases in two years fieldwork, we observed how taxi drivers in Singapore and Taiwan adopt and use the same technology, G.P.S. (Global Positioning System) dispatch system, named Cablink. Second, from the findings of qualitative cases, we generalized the some hypothetical relationships among psychological ownership of technology, technology sense-making as well as patterns of local knowledge users own. The next, we test these hypotheses through questionnaire development and surveys answered by THT taxis drivers in Taiwan. The findings indicated that the taxi drivers had two types of psychological ownership of technology (Self-oriented and Collective-oriented) triggering two modes of technology sense-making (Pragmatism sense-making and Autism sense-making), and two kinds of local knowledge (Local search on knowledge and Distant search on knowledge). Consequently, the frequency of technology use will be influenced by above constructs directly and indirectly. In conclusion, this dissertation proposes to analyze technology adoption through sense-making and feelings of ownership by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings enhance the theory of technology sense-making and psychological ownership, and suggest practical implications for post technology adoption and global technology transfer.

代理商是許多國外廠商在初入陌生的海外市場時，最常使用的低涉入模式之一，其代表國外原廠在當地市場執行產品銷售的相關業務，並服務當地客戶，扮演國外原廠與當地客戶之間橋樑的角色。但是代理商也常被視為是國外原廠在進入當地市場時暫時或次要的工具，一旦當地市場逐漸成長，國外原廠就會收回代理權自行經營；當地市場太小，代理商又面臨自身經營的困境，所以代理商常面臨生存的兩難。加上一般代理商不涉及製造活動，需仰賴國外原廠提供產品，一旦當國外原廠取消代理關係，往往造成代理商因失去產品來源而遭受重大損失。 本研究從代理商的角度，探討代理商如何避免被國外原廠取消代理權，以及 代理商即使面對被國外原廠取消代理權，其仍舊可以繼續生存的策略作為。本研究以交易成本理論與資源基礎理論，分別從國外原廠對當地市場的興趣、代理商與國外原廠的上游關係以及代理商與國內客戶的下游關係三個部分加以分析，探討代理商如何利用上、下游關係中的知識與資源，來維繫與發展與國外原廠之間的關係，避免被國外原廠取消代理權。再者，代理商可以透過運用知識與資源，使其在面對被國外原廠終止代理關係時，降低損失的程度、並提高生存空間。 本研究以台灣電子零件代理商為研究對象，代理自國外原廠的產品線為分析單位，實證結果發現，在代理商避免被國外原廠取消代理權的問題上，國外原廠對代理商投入的資源越多，越能降低被取消代理權的可能性；而代理商在對上游(國外原廠)的關係中，擁有的當地市場資源越多、越瞭解國外原廠、越能掌握當地網絡，越能降低被國外原廠取消代理權的可能性；代理商在對下游(當地客戶)的關係中，越瞭解當地客戶、越能提供附加價值活動給當地客戶，越能降低被國外原廠取消代理權的可能性。在即使面對被國外原廠取消代理權，代理商依舊可以保有生存機會的議題上，代理商越能適度增加國外原廠數目，分散產品來源，越能降低因為被國外原廠取消代理權而造成的損失。

As ações humanas têm sido reconhecidas como as principais forças geradoras de impactos ambientais. Dentre essas ações ressaltam-se as mudanças de uso e cobertura da terra, as quais têm contribuído significativamente para a degradação e/ou conservação de ecossistemas e recursos naturais. Desse modo, devido à necessidade de assegurar um ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado para a população humana, a gestão ambiental pública (GAP) vem se desenvolvendo cada vez mais no Brasil. Esta recorre frequentemente aos conhecimentos técnicos e científicos para construir formas de gerir o ambiente. Entre estes, destacam-se os relacionados à Ecologia da Paisagem, com diversos trabalhos realizados na região onde se realizou a presente pesquisa (Bacia do Rio Corumbataí, SP). No entanto, ao basear-se somente nesses conhecimentos a GAP pode estar desconsiderando outra importante forma de gestão ambiental (GA), a gestão ambiental local (GAL). GAL é a gestão ambiental praticada por grupos familiares de pequenos produtores rurais e populações locais, em suas práticas cotidianas. A GAL está relacionada ao uso de recursos naturais em busca da sobrevivência (manutenção e reprodução física e cultural), incluindo maior ou menor inserção no mercado, e seu impacto ambiental. A desconsideração da GAL pela GAP pode comprometer a efetividade desta última e acarretar conflitos socioambientais. Sendo assim, visando gerar subsídios para adequação entre GAP e GAL, em Ipeúna, SP, esta pesquisa teve os seguintes objetivos: caracterizar a GAL realizada por proprietários rurais de Ipeúna, SP; comparar as decisões, principalmente sobre o uso da terra (e recursos associados), desse nível de gestão (GAL) com as formas de GAP mais presentes no cotidiano dos proprietários rurais; verificar se alguma dessas formas de GAP está fundamentada em princípios da Ecologia da Paisagem; e comparar a visão dos pequenos produtores rurais e da Ecologia da Paisagem sobre o processo de fragmentação florestal no município de Ipeúna, SP. A GAL praticada pelos proprietários rurais de Ipeúna, SP, foi analisada sob uma perspectiva histórica. Observou-se que aquela se modificou em função do processo de industrialização da agricultura no Brasil. As decisões sobre o uso da terra tomadas pelos pequenos produtores rurais integrantes dessa pesquisa foram guiadas principalmente por aspectos econômicos. As formas de GAP mais presentes no cotidiano daqueles produtores foram do tipo comando e controle, elaboradas para serem aplicadas em grandes territórios como o Estado de São Paulo e no País todo. O conhecimento científico teve importante papel em pelo menos alguma etapa da elaboração, construção e aplicação dessas formas de GAP. Nenhuma delas foi elaborada considerando o contexto e a GAL praticada na área estudada. Com relação à Ecologia da Paisagem, nenhuma forma de GAP mencionada pelos produtores rurais que fizeram parte desta pesquisa foi elaborada com base em suas recomendações. A visão dos produtores integrantes desta pesquisa e da Ecologia da Paisagem com relação ao processo de fragmentação florestal apresentou complementaridades. Estas complementaridades podem ser úteis para a construção de formas de GA mais condizentes com a realidade local e, portanto, mais eficazes para a conservação ambiental e equidade social. / Human actions have been recognized as the main driving forces of environmental impacts. Among these actions, the land use/cover changes have been contributed significantly to the degradation and/or conservation of ecosystems and natural resources. Due to the need of assuring an ecologically balanced environment to the human population, the public environmental management (PEM) has been developing increasingly in Brazil. The PEM has often used technical and scientific knowledge to build forms of environmental management. Among these technical and scientific knowledge, we highlight those related to Landscape Ecology, with several researches performed in the region where the present study took place (Corumbataí River Basin, SP). However, by relying only on this kind of knowledge the PEM could take apart another important form of environmental management (EM), the local environmental management (LEM). The LEM is the environmental management practiced daily by small farmers families and local people. The LEM concerns to the use of natural resources in order to achieve their social and cultural reproduction in a specific place. The LEM includes more or less market insertion and its impacts on the environment. When the PEM do not consider the LEM, the effectiveness of PEM can decrease and cause social and environmental conflicts. Therefore, in order to generate subsidies for coordinating LEM and PEM in Ipeúna, SP, this study had the following aims: to characterize the LEM practiced by farmers in Ipeúna, SP; to compare the decisions, mainly about the land use (and associated resources), taken in this management level (LEM) to the more common types of PEM in the small farmers routines; to verify if the PEM mentioned by the small farmers is based on principles of Landscape Ecology, and to compare their and the Landscape Ecology views about the process of forest fragmentation in Ipeúna, SP. The LEM practiced by farmers in Ipeúna, SP, was analyzed from a historical perspective. It was observed that the LEM has changed due to the process of agriculture industrialization in Brazil. Mainly economics aspects guided the small farmers land use decisions. The more frequent PEM forms in the daily life of small farmers were command and control type. This type of PEM was designed to large areas such as São Paulo and all over Brazil. Scientific knowledge played an important role in some parts of PEM elaboration, construction and application forms. None of the PEM identified by the small farmers have been developed considering the context and the LEM practiced in the area. About the Landscape Ecology, none of PEM forms mentioned by small farmers was developed based on its prescriptions. The view of the small farmers who integrated this research and of the Landscape Ecology related to the process of forest fragmentation showed complementarities. Such complementarities could be useful to the building of more consistent to the local reality and so, more effective to the environmental conservation and social equality.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CED - Alipio Elisa Paulino Siquisse.pdf: 326548 bytes, checksum: 4a40415bbf4e91bbaef3820595396d8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-04 / The present work is composed of two major problems: one is related with the scientific content of the theme, and the other is related with the teaching of the social sciences in the extent of the content of the Basic Education in Mozambique. This research is necessary for the following reasons:. First for the conviction that there is a gap in the extent of construction of our curriculum for the basic education. This gap brings about a big distance between .traditional education and official education. What is taught at moment is extremely limited and does not allow an in-depth study of the main socio cultural elements of our country that base themselves in the local knowledge of the society responsible of the oncoming generation. We have identified the Vatshwa from Inhambane province, a major ethnic group in the northern part of the south region of Mozambique as the focus of the study. We started by identifying this group in terms of hypotheses of its origin in order to understand the socio economic, historical, cultural aspects that they possess. This work guides us in the process of construction of education as a task for all and it helps us to understand what would have been the effect of political and educational system of socio cultural values of the Vatshwa. In other words it tries to find out the extent of advances or draw backs caused by the political and economic situation in the Mozambican economy. In the end of the work we suggest some socio cultural elements that help to understand the knowledge of the Vatshwa group. In order to collect the local knowledge direct contact was made with the local communities those who make and reformulate the culture. This has been a new learning experience in terms of sui generis knowledge of the Vatshwa ethnic group. Finally, the communities do not abandon their cultural values, they always maintain them as part of their life and the school should stand responsible in the implementation and transmission of those values / O presente trabalho compõe-se de duas problemáticas: uma, relacionada com o conteúdo técnico-científico do tema, e outra com o ensino das ciências sociais no âmbito dos conteúdos do Ensino Básico ministrado em Moçambique. Tudo o que estudamos através desta pesquisa nos leva a acreditar que o seu propósito é necessário. Primeiro pela convicção com que partimos em considerar a existência de lacunas no âmbito de construção do nosso currículo para o ensino básico em vigor. Essa lacuna acaba estabelecendo clivagens entre a educação tradicional e a educação oficial, isto é, não há uma clareza sobre o que ensinar efectivamente, nas ciências sociais. O que é ensinado neste momento é bastante limitado e não permite o aprofundamento dos principais elementos sócio-culturais e históricos do nosso país, que se fundamentam na dinâmica dos saberes locais, da sociedade responsável pelas gerações vindouras. Partimos duma experiência real a dos Vatshwa de Inhambane, um grupo étnico representativo naquela parte norte da região sul de Moçambique. À partida tentamos conhecer este grupo em termos de hipóteses da sua origem, para percebermos os aspectos sociais, económicos, históricos e culturais que ostentam. Este trabalho situanos no processo da construção da educação como tarefa de todos nós e ajuda-nos a perceber qual teria sido o efeito dos sistemas políticos educativos dos valores socioculturais dos vatshwa, isto é, em que medida houve ou não aspectos de avanço ou recuo provocados pelas conjunturas económicas e políticas na sociedade moçambicana. No fim do trabalho sugerimos alguns elementos sócio-culturais () que podem servir para melhorar o conhecimento dos vatshwa. Para reunir esses saberes locais valeu o contacto directo com as c omunidades fazedoras e reconstrutoras da cultura. Foi uma experiência inédita em termos de aprendizagem e do conhecimento sui generis dos vatshwa. Em suma as comunidades não abdicam dos seus valores culturais apelam ao resgate, responsabilizando a escola através dum currículo integrado, na implementação e transmissão desses valores

This study deals with the Kinh (or Viet) majority people who have migrated from the lowland Red River Delta to the mountainous areas of northern Viet Nam, and their adjustment to a new social and physical environment. Its aim is to analyse the social and cultural consequences for these migrants when settling in communities populated with people who belong to the national ethnic minorities (the Tày, the Giay and the Ngan peoples). Focus is on impacts in new interactive situations. The case is a special one in that it focuses on majority people's adaptation to minorities, and to a lesser extent vice versa. The Kinhs' view of how a "civilised" landscape ought to look like and how to utilise the natural resources therein demonstrated to be a central theme when discussing restructuring of the migrants' livelihood. This fact indicates the cultural dimension in the exploitation of the natural landscape and the reconstruction of the subsistence system. In the process of adaptation to a new social environment (as well as to a new physical one), social interactions between the Kinh and the ethnic minorities have proven to be important steps towards integration. One factor that turned out to be decisive in the integration process is the harmonising of life cycle ceremonies (especially weddings and funerals) between the Kinh and the minorities. New knowledge is accumulated locally, based on pooled experience. The study concerns how new knowledge on natural resources management is formed through a mixture of the migrants' knowledge from the Red River Delta and the minorities' knowledge of the local area. With a background in the delta area the Kinh brought the old knowledge of advanced wet rice production with them when migrating to the highlands. The facts show that the influence on the subsistence system has not been a one-way flow. That is, not only has the Kinh changed the minorities' agriculture system, but also the minorities' systems have had an impact on the Kinhs' system so that it now is more adapted to the conditions in the highlands.

This research thesis explores how healers in the Peruvian Upper Amazon experience and negotiate their roles and knowledge systems at the interface of Amazonian, Western scientific and other medical knowledge systems at the confluence of community and environmental health. Experiences of identity, practice and place feature in this research among selected healers in the region of San Martín, Peru. Relationships with nature have sustained Indigenous populations in this region, and economic pursuits of natural resources have attracted many populations to the Upper Peruvian Amazon, making it an interesting site for the analysis of healers’ experiences at the interface of different knowledge systems. An emergent objective of this thesis has been to provide what healers in the region expressed to me as a need for an experiential approach to research on local medical knowledge systems. The resulting thesis is an ethnography of my experiences learning from healers and plant teachers about intercultural health initiatives on a regional level in Peru.

Television is increasingly both global and local. Those television industries discussed in this thesis transact in an extensive neo-network of flows in talents, financing, and the latest forms of popular culture. These cities attempt to become media capitals but their status waxes and wanes, depending on their success in exporting their Asian media productions. What do marital arts dramas, interactive game-shows, children's animation and teenage idol soap operas from East Asian television industries have in common? Through the systematic use of TV formatting strategies, these television genres have become the focus for indigenous cultural entrepreneurs located in the East Asian cities of Hong Kong, Singapore and Taipei to turn their local TV programmes into tradable culture. This thesis is a re-consideration of the impact of media globalisation on Asian television that re-imagines a new global media order. It suggests that there is a growing shift in perception and trade among once-peripheral television industries that they may be slowly de-centring Hollywood's dominance by inserting East Asian popular entertainment into familiar formats or cultural spaces through embracing global yet local cultures of production. While TV formats like Survivor, Millionaire, Big Brother and American Idol have become profitable and powerful franchises globally, in East Asia, the size of TV format trade is actually eclipsed by the regional trade in East Asian popular cultural commodities from martial arts novels and films, manga and romantic fiction, to popular music. These commodities have become the source of remaking local television culture into tradable cultures as local TV programmes use formatting practices to circulate within their region. The many faces of formatting in television are explored through four case studies - from Hong Kong (TVB's Heaven Sword and Dragon Sabre), Singapore (Robert Chua Productions' Everyone Wins, Peach Blossom Media's Tomato Twins) and Taipei (Comic Ritz Production's Meteor Garden). Conceptualised as Asian media productions, these TV programmes are sites for examining individual agency, the network flows of popular culture and structural changes of their respective broadcasting fields. This thesis argues that TV formatting practices can become a currency for neo-networked media producers to create a medium of cultural exchange that sets up the possibility for a common market for cultural trade in East Asia. However, the ease with which TV formatting practices and re-sale of TV programmes are copied lower barriers for competition and often this tends toward over production. Over-exposure kills many new genres of production and discourages investment in the research and development component of creating TV formats for trade. Change in East Asian television industries is also aided by media conglomeration, global access through satellite TV, the Internet and increasingly digital entertainment, media de-regulation and pro-development policies. A number of factors and conditions that accompany the rise of TV formatting in East Asia (such as the role of independents vis-a-vis big local players, the emergence of copyright issues and marketing celebrities) contribute to the innovations that result from adapting formatting practices to local contexts, and suggest how each city's television industry attempts to address the rise of tradable cultural commodities that are increasingly made for pan-Asian consumption.

This research thesis explores how healers in the Peruvian Upper Amazon experience and negotiate their roles and knowledge systems at the interface of Amazonian, Western scientific and other medical knowledge systems at the confluence of community and environmental health. Experiences of identity, practice and place feature in this research among selected healers in the region of San Martín, Peru. Relationships with nature have sustained Indigenous populations in this region, and economic pursuits of natural resources have attracted many populations to the Upper Peruvian Amazon, making it an interesting site for the analysis of healers’ experiences at the interface of different knowledge systems. An emergent objective of this thesis has been to provide what healers in the region expressed to me as a need for an experiential approach to research on local medical knowledge systems. The resulting thesis is an ethnography of my experiences learning from healers and plant teachers about intercultural health initiatives on a regional level in Peru.

Nova Itapecerica est une localité rurale de peuplement récent, située sur le Litoral Norte de Bahia dont les hameaux sont largement déterminés par les arrivées de quatre groupes principaux. Ces hameaux sont partagés entre leurs traditions et une modernité qui arrive à grands pas. En dépit de l’extension des plantations d’eucalyptus d’une part, et des pressions que le développement touristique d’autre part, exercent sur les ressources, les familles conservent une relation privilégiée avec la nature qui les entoure, tout particulièrement le palmier piaçava. Elles maintiennent et développent des savoir-faire dans l’utilisation de celui-ci tout en pratiquant des formes d’horticulture. A partir de l’histoire orale, cette thèse retrace la constitution de cette localité rurale avec l’arrivée de plusieurs vagues de migrants, une histoire marquée par des conflits nombreux et violents. Le développement des analyses met au jour la variabilité des rapports entre conflits et sociabilité de coopération. Nous explorons comment les techniques et les différents savoir-locaux mis en oeuvre dans la gestion de l’environnement interviennent de façon significative dans les sentiments complexes de territorialité, d’appartenance, de coopération et d’exclusion de ces familles. / Nova Itapecerica is a rural locality of recent settlement, situated on the Litoral Norte of Bahia whose hamlets are widely determined by the arrivals of four main groups. These hamlets are divided between their traditions and a modernity that is fast approaching. Despite the extension of eucalyptus plantations on one hand, and the pressures that tourism development on the other hand exerts on resources, the families maintain a privileged relation with the nature which surrounds them, especially the palm tree piaçava. They maintain and develop know-how in the use of this one while practicing forms of horticulture. From the oral history, this thesis traces the constitution of this rural locality with the arrival of several waves of migrants, a history marked by numerous and violent conflicts. The development of the analyzes brings to light the variability of the relations between conflicts and sociability of cooperation. We explore how the techniques and the different local know-how implemented in the management of the environment play a significant role in the complex feelings of territoriality, belonging, cooperation and exclusion of these families. / Nova Itapecerica é uma comunidade rural recentemente constituída, situada no Litoral Norte da Bahia e formada pela migração de quatro grupos divididos entre suas tradições e uma modernidade aparente. Apesar da pressão exercida de uma parte pelas plantações de eucaliptos e de outra pelo desenvolvimento da indústria do turismo, essas familias conservam uma relação privilegiada com a natureza, principalmente coma palmeira de piaçava. Elas mantêm e desenvolvem seus saberes locais na utilização desta palmeira ao mesmo tempo que praticam uma agricultura de subsistência. A partir da história oral, esta tese retrata a constituição dessa comunidade rural formada por um processo de migração marcado por violentos conflitos. O desenvolvimento das análises colocam em evidência a variabilidade das relações entre conflitos e sociabilidade. Exploraremos como as técnicas e os diferentes saberes locais intervêm de forma significativanos complexos sentimentos de territorialide, pertencimento, cooperação e exclusão destas familias.

Until recently, there have been different and sometimes conflicting views on whether or not the communal land tenure system (CLTS) has a positive or negative impact on rural economic welfare. This study analyses some trends associated with the CLTS in the Ditsobotla area of the NorthWest province, focusing on the implications for rural economic welfare. The results of the study suggest that the CLTS is extremely important in order to sustain the rural economy, and therefore this dissertation presents developmental, policy and research options for consideration by government and other affected stakeholders for the betterment of the livelihood of people in the Ditsobotla area. The study adopts participatory research techniques in the selected villages of Springbokpan and Mooifontein. It also reflects on land tenure experiences in other African countries. The dissertation concludes with a suggestion that the South African government should engage in in-depth research programmes prior to the implementation of the envisaged communal land tenure reform legislation and that, the state should secure sufficient funding to boost agricultural activities in the area. Taking all these factors into account, a view is held that all developmental endeavours in the area must be informed by the collective participation of the affected local people, and their efforts must be united for the enhancement of their livelihood. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)