The foundation for a museum is the collection. To collect, preserve and display is what constitutes a museum. But the process of deciding which object´s should be saved, and which objects should not, are based on values. It is also values that make people inclined to donate objects to museums. How and why we value a museum determine if and why we donate. Objects themselves could be said to have a biography just like people. Depending on the objects biography and the context, the value of the object differs. My aim is to try and give an explanation to how we value the material heritage we collect, and to explain why people want to donate to museums; despite the fact they don’t get paid. I will also try and explain how value theory is used in economics and in philosophy, and how those value theories might differ from a museological theory of value.

Wesentliche Funktion der sich aus Art. 42 Abs. 1 und 3 GG ergebenen Öffentlichkeitsfunktion des Deutschen Bundestages ist die Gewährleistung einer umfassenden und effektiven Teilhabe, Kontrolle und Repräsentation des Volkes. Abzuleiten ist dies insbesondere aus dem Demokratieprinzip und dem Prinzip der Volkssouveränität. Ausgehend vom Wortlaut von Art 42 Abs. 1 GG sowie § 19 GOBT („Bundestag“) und unter Berücksichtigung des Wechselspiels zwischen öffentlichen Lesungen im Plenum und nichtöffentlichen Ausschussberatungen erstreckt sich die verfassungsrechtlich zu gewährleistende Parlamentsöffentlichkeit grundsätzlich nur auf das Plenum und nicht auch auf die (grundsätzlich nichtöffentlich tagenden) Ausschüsse des Deutschen Bundestages. Der Bundestag verhandelt im Sinne von Art. 42 Abs. 1 GG nur dann im Sinne einer allgemeinen Zugänglichkeit öffentlich, wenn der Bundestag dem deutschen Staatsvolk sowie der Presse als relevantes Publikum einen allgemeinen, freien und auch tatsächlichen Zugang zu seinen Verhandlungen ermöglicht. Die Parlamentsöffentlichkeit gemäß Art. 42 Abs. 1 und 3 GG umfasst neben einer formellen, auch eine materielle Komponente im Sinne einer hinreichenden Vorlaufzeit, Verständlichkeit und Nachvollziehbarkeit. Schließlich verlangt eine materielle Parlamentsöffentlichkeit eine hinreichende Beratung und Erörterung der Verhandlungsgegenstände sowie Einbeziehung der verschiedenen Interessen und Bedürfnisse des Volkes. Die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit des Bundestages ist ebenfalls Teil der Öffentlichkeitsfunktion des Bundestages gemäß Art. 42 Abs. 1 und 3 GG. Dem Bundestag ist es insofern grundsätzlich gestattet, alle Arten von Kommunikationsmitteln (Printmedien, Rundfunk, Telemedien bis zu modernen Kommunikationstechniken wie Chats, Twitter oder Facebook) für seine Öffentlichkeitsarbeit zu verwenden. / The essential function of the public function of the German Bundestag arising from Art. 42 (1) and (3) GG is the guarantee of effective participation, checks and representation of the people. Based on the wording of Art. 42 (1) GG and § 19 GOBT ("Bundestag"), parliamentary committees are in principle not obliged to meet in public. Only the meetings and negotiations of the plenary have to be public. Within the meaning of Art. 42 (1) GG, the Bundestag is obliged to give the German people and the press free access to his negotiations and meetings. Art. 42 (1) and (3) GG Basic Law includes not only a formal but also a material component of public in the sense that meetings and negotiation of parliament have to be comprehensible, transparent and include timewise a reasonable lead time. Next to this, there is a material parliamentarian public which requires parliament to reasonably negotiate the topics placed on the agenda. In this sense parliament is obliged to consider the various interests and needs of the people. Also, public relations of the Bundestag is part of the public function of Art. 42 (1) and (3) GG. The Bundestag may use all kinds of communication for its public relations.

<p>The purpose of this study was to examine how a selection of social welfare officers based on the principle of the best interest of the child construct a minimum level of the material standard in a home. Another purpose was to examine whether different units with varying socioeconomic prerequisites in the municipality of Stockholm construct this level differently.</p><p>The method used in this study was Sociology of Law and two focus groups were used for the gathering of the data. A social constructive theory, a class perspective using concepts of Bourdieu and a perspective of law were used to analyse the material of data.</p><p>The results showed that the courses of action varied from enactment and the policies of the municipality of Stockholm, unspecified theories of the development of children, the conception of what is normal and what children needs, the context in which they work, the development of the society and what they estimate that children needs when attending school. The results also showed a difference between the two units concerning the minimum level of the material standard in a home</p>

The purpose of this study was to examine how a selection of social welfare officers based on the principle of the best interest of the child construct a minimum level of the material standard in a home. Another purpose was to examine whether different units with varying socioeconomic prerequisites in the municipality of Stockholm construct this level differently. The method used in this study was Sociology of Law and two focus groups were used for the gathering of the data. A social constructive theory, a class perspective using concepts of Bourdieu and a perspective of law were used to analyse the material of data. The results showed that the courses of action varied from enactment and the policies of the municipality of Stockholm, unspecified theories of the development of children, the conception of what is normal and what children needs, the context in which they work, the development of the society and what they estimate that children needs when attending school. The results also showed a difference between the two units concerning the minimum level of the material standard in a home

Vi vill med det här kandidatarbetet inleda en konversation med havet. Tillsammans med Karen Barads posthumanistiska performativitet, agentiell realism, vill vi utmana och ifrågasätta den antropocentriska designerrollen där materialiteten ses som passiv och designern som ensam härskare över meningsskapandet i designprocessen. Med Barads onto-epistemologiska utgångspunkt undersöker vi hur design-processen uppstår i arrangemang av både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga aktörer, där mening framförhandlas genom relationer inom fenomen. Genom att tillämpa detta posthumanistiska förhållningssätt i lekfulla experiment tillsammans-med-havet kan vi se hur mening är situerad och skapas inom de materiell-diskursiva fenomen och apparater som utgör designprocessen.  Vi förstår designprocessen som ett ingripande i världens tillblivelse. Ett ingripande där ett kollektiv av aktörer står som medskapare, där mening, kroppar, subjekt och objekt uppförs och samformas genom intra-aktion. Detta förhållningssätt föder en medvetenhet om vårt ansvar i att ingripa i världens tillblivelse och vårt ansvar för de kroppar som skapas, en etik i handling. / In this Bachelor thesis we aim to establish a conversation with the sea. With Karen Barads posthumanist performativity, agential realism, as our companion we aim to challenge the anthropocentric role of the designer. In doing this we question the view of materiality as passive and the designer as the sole creator of meaning in the design process.  With Barads onto-epistemological standpoint we explore how the process of design is enacted in a performance of human and non-human actors, where meaning is negotiated through relations within phenomena. By putting this posthumanist notion into practice through playful experiments together-with-the-sea, we can understand how meaning is situated and shaped within the material-discursive phenomenas and apparatuses that is, and is part of, the design process.  We understand the design process as an intervening in the world’s becoming. An intervening where an assemblage of actors stands as co-creators and where meaning, bodies, subject and object is enacted and co-shaped through intra-action. This perspective gives us an awareness of our responsibility to intervene in the world’s becoming and our accountability for the bodies produced, an ethics in action.

In the western world, Islam has been interpreted based on stereotypes of muslims. The stereotype image leads to the fact that many Muslims in Sweden today are forced to face Islamophobia and preconceptions about Islam's meaning. To enhance the image of Islam, lived religion as field of research is useful as it opens the opportunity to study people's lived experiences of religious traditions beyond religious institutions and doctrines. The field can show how religious traditions are expressed in people's everyday lives by lifting the voices of individuals which are not otherwise noted. Lived Islam is thus an area that highlights Muslims' living experiences of Islam in their daily lives. In this essay, lived Islam is studied as it may occur among individuals who define themselves as women and Muslims in Karlstad, Sweden. The aim is to enhance the image of Islam and raise female experiences of Islam. This will broaden the already existing research spectra that usually takes an androcentric perspective. The women's experiences are investigated through life stories interviews. Based on a material perspective on religion, the paper examines how Islam is manifested and expressed through material practices, objects, and different phenomena in the women’s everyday life. The result shows that Islam is described as a framework of how life is interpreted and expected to be lived. Islam is expressed in form of material practices like for example regular prayers, but also as an approach to the outside world. Lived Islam in Karlstad, as it can be expressed among individuals who define themselves as women and Muslims can be said to mean a perspective that encompasses all content in life. The Muslim women in the paper are positive about their life’s in Karlstad, but some elements can also complicate everyday life, such as meetings with preconceptions about Islam and the Muslim woman.

Specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll har i många år uppmärksammats i forskningen, främst i förhållande till speciallärarens uppdrag och yrkesroll för att belysa likheter och skillnader. Denna studie har en ambition att bidra till att belysa vad som påverkar utformningen av en specialpedagogs uppdrag och yrkesroll. Studien är kvalitativ och utgår ifrån Karen Barads teori om agentisk realism där både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga kroppar (performativa agenter) påverkar föreställningar kring t.ex. specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll. Materia så som t.ex. styrdokument, utbildning mm och språk är starkt sammankopplade i den verklighet som specialpedagogen verkar i och därför bygger studien på en materiell-diskursiv analys. Syftet med denna studie är att åskådliggöra och identifiera vilka performativa agenter som påverkar hur specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll utformas i grundskolorna i ett skolområde. Metoddelen bygger på en brevmetod samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med speciallärare, specialpedagoger, rektorer och en skolområdeschef i ett skolområde. För att tydliggöra vilka performativa agenter som äger agens i bearbetningen har ett analysschema skapats utifrån uppdrag respektive yrkesroll. I analysschemat för uppdraget har de performativa agenterna kategoriserats utifrån en figur som jag har skapat för att tydliggöra uppdraget. Resultatdelen visar på hur uppdrag respektive yrkesroll presenteras av specialpedagoger, speciallärare, rektorer samt skolområdeschef och pekar på att det förekommer ett stort antal performativa agenter varav rektorns kompetens, rektorns beslut, verksamhetens behov och specialpedagogens kunskap och kompetens har stor betydelse i utformningen av specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll. Avslutningsvis diskuteras vilken betydelse de performativa agenterna har för utformningen av specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll samt hur det specialpedagogiska stödet utformas i en organisation. Men även hur figuren som använts kan vara en tydlig modell att använda för att analysera specialpedagogens uppdrag i förhållande till elevhälsoteamets hälsofrämjande, förebyggande och åtgärdande arbete i skolorganisationen d.v.s. som en del i skolutveckling. / The special educator´s mission and professional role have for many years been noticed in the research, mainly in relation to the special teacher´s mission and professional role to highlight similarities and differences. This study has an ambition to help illuminate what influences the design of a special educator´s mission and professional role. The study is qualitative and is based on Karen Barad´s theory of agentic realism where both human and non-human bodies (performative agents) influence perceptions about, for example the special educator´s mission and professional role. Matter and language are strongly interconnected in the reality in which the special educator works and therefore the study is based on a material-discursive analysis. The purpose of the study is to illustrate and identify which performative agents influence how the special educator´s assignments and professional role are designed in primary school in a school district. The method part is based on a letter method and semistructured interviews with specialist teachers, special educators, principals and a school district manager in a school district. In order to clarify which performative agents own agents in the processing, an analysis scheme has been created based on assignments and professional role. In the analysis schedule for the assignment, the performative agents have been categorized on the basis of a figure that I created to clarify the assignment. The results section shows how assignments and professional roles are presented by special educators, special teachers, principals and a school district manager, and points to the fact that there are a large number of performative agents, of which the principals competence, the decision of the principal, the needs of the organization and the knowledge and competence of the special educator are of great importance in the design of the special educator´s assignment and profession. Finally, we discuss the importance of the performative agents for the design of the special educator´s mission and professional role and how the special educational support is designed in an organization. But also how the figure used can be a clear model to use to analyze the special educator´s assignment in relation to the student health team´s health promotion, prevention and corrective work in the school organization, i.e. as part of school development.

Living as a human being in the 21st century is a more or less constant three-dimensional textile experience. Textiles have a continuous proximity to our bodies as clothing but also as an essential material in our dwellings, both with practical and emotional functions. The Everyday Performing Textiles derives from my deep interest in the qualities and embedded connotations of textiles, the stuff that affectively shapes our material reality. These soft things play different roles in our lives, as parts of a web of function and meaning.  In this thesis I focus on the unobtrusive position of everyday textiles, searching to reflect upon the significance and substance they have within our homes. I predicate that our wellbeing is deeply dependent and connected to the comfort of textiles – it being an emotional material as much as a physical. I use the expectations of materiality as a method, balancing between the familiar and the strange, to challenge and expand our perception of cloth, both as a statement and a query of its value in modern society. I depict everyday textiles in a skewed way, mixing the realistic and the unrealistic, to create an expanded perception of them – playing with their immanent, possibly unspoken, expectations. The Everyday Performing Textiles is an acknowledgement of our textile reality – the existence of this interactive, interdependent relationship in our everyday practice of living.

Uppsala University Library owns eight volumes of manuscripts attributed to the academy equerry Johan Leven Ekelund (c.1701−1775). In this thesis, I apply methods from the field of material culture studies in order to establish which of the volumes that formed the donation from Leven to the library mentioned in his will. By mapping certain markers such as places, names and dates I am able to identify to some extent where Leven gained his practical skills and which writers influenced him. By analysing the texts, I draw the conclusion that the manuscripts can be divided into groups aimed for different audiences. Some of them fit in an utilitarian context, some of them aim to give riding and horsemanship scientific legitimacy. Some are aimed for a narrow circle of peers, connaisseurs of the art of riding. By examining Leven’s networks, I seek to shed light on whether he wrote in order to further his career. My conclusion is that in that case, Leven’s main focus was probably to help his son, who had a remarkably successful career as a physician after the death of his father. / <p>Orcid nr: 0000-0002-8791-4109</p>

Based on Timothy Mortons notion of hyperobject, this material-discursive practice is a cooperative play of forces and intra-active agencies between nature and the technical world. This research reflects especially a paradigmatic shift from the traditional model to one of an interrelated and performative network, in which all of the non-human entities are seen with the same existence and considered to view as operative agents. From Karen Barads agential-realistic perspective and Timothy Mortons theory of hyperobjects, this article importantly examines how to enter into advantageous relationships in a posthumanist designpurpose. What this article contributes are theories and methods that are rooted in an ethical approach to include and explore non-human actors, especially with the starting point of repositioning oneself as a designer and collaborating with the material environment for the outcome for new perspectives. The study has thereof taken its final form into a design where its operational and performative actors, non-human and human agencies, have interacted to produce an audio-reactive installation. / Baserat på Timothy Mortons begrepp om hyperobjekt, är denna materiell-diskursiv praktik en kooperativ lek av krafter och intra-aktiva agenser mellan naturen och den tekniska världen. Denna undersökning reflekterar framförallt ett paradigmskifte från det traditionella formerna till en mer sammankopplad och performativt nätverk, där alla icke-mänskliga aktörer ses med samma grad av existens och övervägs att betraktas som operativa agenter. Utifrån Karen Barads agentiell-realistiska perspektiv och Timothy Mortons teori om hyperobjekt undersöker artikeln huvudsakligen hur man kan ingå i fördelaktiga relationer i ett posthumanistiskt designsyfte. Vad den här artikeln bidrar med är teorier och metoder som förankrar sig i ett etiskt förhållningssätt för att inkludera in och utforska icke-mänskliga aktörer, framförallt med utgångspunkten att ompositionera en designer och samverka med den materiella omgivningen för utfallet av nya perspektiv. Undersökningen har därav tagit sin slutform till en gestaltning där dess operativa och performativa aktörer, icke-mänskliga och mänskliga agenser, har samspelet fram en audio-reaktiv installation.