Public service media has a big role in the traditional media in Sweden. Historically, they constructed a shared cultural reference and applied news and facts to people to make it possible for them to be educated citizens. However, public service and other traditional media have a difficulty reaching young people today. At the same time young people are the group that consumes the most amount of media. Therefore, it is relevant to study what they consume and what they discard - and why. Especially why they don’t consume the content provided by Swedish public service media. Because if they don’t consume it now, will they in the future?       This qualitative study aims to examine how young people in Sweden use public service media and whether they value it as a public service. To do this, we conducted four focus groups with a total of twelve 18-year-olds. The result shows that even though few of them choose to consume content from the public service media, most of them have a positive association of it and value it as a public service. Many said that they trust that they follow their assignment to serve the public and that they produce objective and accurate news. However, the knowledge about the way public service media is organized and financed was shallow at best. It appears that the main reason they don’t consume the content is that they don’t come across it where they consume media. The interviewees that did consume public service media content did so on a different platform such as Spotify or YouTube. So the difficulty in reaching the young audience might not be because of the content, but that they don’t even know of its existence.

This study explores identity formation among young adults as influenced by mediated politics and popular culture. Based on the nature of the research subject the study adopts constructionism both ontologically as well as epistemologically, hence a qualitative research design was drawn upon, resulting in five interviews of two as empirical data collection. Participants were recruited through existing networks. The material was then processed using thematic analysis together with a broad theoretical framework in relation to identity, hybridity and representations, amongst further perspectives. Findings reveal a reflexive relationship between the participants' identity and mediated politics and popular culture. The reflexive relationship was illustrated through the main following phenomenon; (1) a constant negotiation between Swedishness and the individual's roots of origin, however, to different degrees; (2) ambiguous attitudes towards representations in media where some participants felt a need as well as no need to be represented in media – potentially complicated due to exaggerated stereotypes and intersectionality; (3) a positioning to political messages and opinions in relation to self identity.

I denna c-uppsats utforskas den könsrelaterade dynamiken i medierapportering av svensk fotboll. Studien analyserar videointervjuer från Herrallsvenskan och Damallsvenskan för att avslöja eventuella könsskillnader i sportjournalistik och dess inverkan på samhälleliga normer och värderingar. Denna forskning tar sig an en tidigare outforskad aspekt av sportjournalistik genom att granska och jämföra frågeställningarna som riktas mot manliga och kvinnliga fotbollsspelare under videointervjuer. Forskningsfrågorna i uppsatsen är följande: Hur skiljer sig bevakningen och rapporteringen av manliga och kvinnliga fotbollsspelare under en säsong? Samt, Hur skiljer sig de frågor som ställs i svenska fotbollsintervjuer gentemot manliga och kvinnliga fotbollsspelare? Dessa frågor är avgörande för att förstå den övergripande mediabilden och hur kön gestaltas i sportjournalistiken.  Teoretiskt stödjer sig uppsatsen på en rad teorier som ger en djupare förståelse för mediernas roll i samhället och hur de formar uppfattningar om kön och könsroller inom sporten. Dessa inkluderar Journalistikens Makt, Intervjuns Makt, Kön och Genus, Gestaltningsteorin, och Dagordningsteorin. Var och en av dessa teorier belyser olika aspekter av hur könsmönster och maktrelationer skiljer sig i medierapportering och representation inom sportjournalistiken. Metodologiskt använder studien kvantitativ innehållsanalys för att systematiskt analysera och jämföra de könsrelaterade skillnaderna i intervjuerna. Denna noggranna metodik möjliggör en kvantifiering och analys av hur kön påverkar frågor och narrativ som presenteras för spelarna, och ger värdefulla insikter i hur medieinnehållet kan bidra till normbildning och representation inom idrott och media.  Resultaten identifierar betydande könsskillnader i sportjournalistikens gestaltning, med manliga idrottare som får mer frekventa och prestationsinriktade intervjuer, medan kvinnliga idrottare ställs bredare frågor, vilket riskerar att förstärka stereotypa uppfattningar. En tendens där intervjuare och intervjuade delar kön, påvisar en potentiell segregation, men rapportering om bland annat känslor och domslut visar på könsneutralitet. Studien har betydande relevans för flera områden, inklusive medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, idrottsvetenskap, samt för praktiker inom mediebranschen och idrottsorganisationer. Den bidrar till en förståelse av hur könsaspekter och genusgestaltning skiljer sig i medieinnehållet och sportjournalistiken, och kan hjälpa till att forma mer jämställda och inkluderande mediepraktiker. / In this bachelor's thesis, the gender-related dynamics in media reporting of Swedish football are explored. The study analyzes video interviews from the Men's Allsvenskan and Women's Damallsvenskan to reveal any gender differences in sports journalism and its impact on societal norms and values. This research addresses a previously unexplored aspect of sports journalism by examining and comparing the questions directed at male and female football players during video interviews. The research questions in the thesis are as follows: How does the coverage and reporting of male and female football players differ over a season? And, How do the questions asked in Swedish football interviews differ between male and female football players? These questions are crucial for understanding the overall media image and how gender is portrayed in sports journalism.  Theoretically, the thesis relies on a number of theories that provide a deeper understanding of the media's role in society and how they shape perceptions of gender and gender roles within sports. These include the Power of Journalism, the Power of the Interview, Gender and Gender Studies, Representation Theory, and Agenda Setting Theory. Each of these theories highlights different aspects of how gender patterns and power relations differ in media reporting and representation within sports journalism. Methodologically, the study uses quantitative content analysis to systematically analyze and compare the gender-related differences in the interviews. This meticulous methodology enables a quantification and analysis of how gender affects the questions and narratives presented to the players, and provides valuable insights into how media content can contribute to norm formation and representation within sports and media.  The results identify significant gender differences in the portrayal of sports journalism, with male athletes receiving more frequent and performance-oriented interviews, while female athletes are asked broader questions, which risks reinforcing stereotypical perceptions. A tendency where interviewers and interviewees share gender shows a potential segregation, but reporting on emotions and rulings indicates gender neutrality. The study has significant relevance for several areas, including media and communication studies, sports science, as well as for practitioners in the media industry and sports organizations. It contributes to an understanding of how gender aspects and gender representation differ in media content and sports journalism, and can help to shape more equal and inclusive media practices.

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Reports of gang violence have become a prominent focus in the media. The rhetoric used in reporting gang related crime will have an impact on the reader's perception of the seriousness of gang crime. The media coverage can result in outbreaks of ‘moral panic’, where by aspecific group is demonized and held responsible for societal problems. The aim of this thesis is to study representations of gang related crime, and specifically two rival gangs from Rinkeby, Stockholm, “Shottaz” and “Dödspatrullen”, in the two Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet and Svenska Dagbladet, between the years 2019 and 2022. This is done using critical discourse analysis as method and theory, complemented by the concept of moral panic. The analysis is based on Fairclough’s three-dimensional methodological framework; a sample of newspaper articles dealing with gang crime are analyzed with a focus on the degree of modality, intertextuality and interdiscoursivity. The resultant findings indicate the nature of a dominant discourse and another, less prominent counter discourse. The dominant discourse can be assumed to play a role in triggering moral panic; the findings indicate a link between the story society tells itself about gang crime and a concomitant societal moral panic relating to gang crime. Only one of the newspaper articles analyzed for this study interviews peopleactually affected by gang conflict. This identified counter discourse offers a more nuanced representation of the conflict between “Shottaz” and “Dödspatrullen”, and of the Stockholm suburb of Rinkeby. Music also contributes to the alternative counter narrative, telling a story at odds with that which this study indicates to be the dominant societal discourse.

在全球化時代下，運動員遷移成為運動全球化下常見的行為之一。然而，近年來，許多職業運動員不僅只於工作場所上的遷移，而基於各種不同的動機和原因，選擇轉換國籍，拋棄原有的國家，成為歸化球員，許多國家也為了強化國家隊而主動去招募歸化球員。台灣分別在2011年和2013年分別招募了足球員陳昌源和籃球員戴維斯，不論是從戰績還是產業面來看，都被認為是相當成功的招募，本研究以三種研究方法來理解歸化球員在不同面向上帶來的效應。本研究發現，雖然不是唯一的因素，但只要能幫助球隊提升戰績以及有好的表現，歸化球員通常會帶來不錯的產業和技術效應；而在國族論述上，本研究發現，歸化球員在媒體再現上會歷經一段歷程，從原本的洋將，到認同測驗，再到愛國心表露，當被確認愛國心和有優異的表現，歸化球員就會成為媒體在國際情勢或是宣揚台灣美好的新角度。 / The globalization of sports has resulted in increasing labor migration across countries and continents. Recent years, many athletes choose to be naturalized base on different reasons, and many countries also recruite naturalized athletes to enhance the performance of national team. In 2011 and 2013，Taiwan recuited football athlete Xavier Chen and basketball athlete Quincy Spencer Davis III, and they bringed not only good result from international competition but positive influence on economic level. This research found out that if naturalized athletes can help national team become better and also have good personal performance, they can bring positive economic and skill influence. And this research found out the media representation on naturalized athletes has a unique context, from the beginning, media represent the naturalized athletes as foreign players, then after positive result from team and personal performance, media will giva a loyalty and familiarity trials and use their patriotic speech to strengthen the nationalism.

Thesis is devoted to the media representation of domestic violence. Text is thematically divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical, the first chapter is devoted to the introduction to domestic violence issue, both in terms of socio-psychological and legal, and there is also mentioned the issue of media violence representation of violence and in particular the representation of violence against women. In the practical part of the thesis, the results of research are presented. The research method is quantitative content analysis. The analysis is focused on the period before and after the murder of writer Simona Monyová (the whole year 2011). Thesis analyzes whether and how the Simona Monyová case has affected the representation of domestic violence in selected media - Mlada fronta Dnes, Lidove noviny, Hospodarske noviny, Pravo, regional Dailies, television Nova, Czech TV and TV Prima. The aim is not only to observe and describe changes in the representation of domestic violence after the murder, but also describe how the media frames the issue of domestic violence - focus on media sources, news values, routines and how does it affect the represent the topic to public. Thesis is based on several international studies, with which our research results are compared. One of the main...

The diploma thesis explores how the selected Czech and French media inform about the Israeli- Palestinian conflict using the operation Protective Edge, from summer 2014, as an example. Theory of the thesis is based on the relationship between power and media in society and examines reciprocal impact between political and media power. Two national daily newspapers from each country were chosen for the analysis. These two newspapers also present opposite poles of the political spectrum in each country. Media contents of the daily newspapers Mladá fronta DNES, Právo, Le Figaro and Le Monde are analysed with combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. This methodology helps to create a comprehensive image of the conflict represented by the researched media. Quantitative analysis aims to describe the balance of the coverage and differences between French and Czech media in context with the representation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The research also focuses on the impact of the foreign policy of France and the Czech Republic on media contents of the analysed media. Qualitative analysis works with smaller sample of texts and aims to present the representation of the war by the French and Czech media.

The diploma thesis The White House Presents: The Media Image of Barack Obama examines the media presentation of the President of the United States, Barack Obama, through the official media channel of the White House. Five video recordings of President Obama's speeches are analyzed with a focus on linguistic, visual and auditory sign systems with the use of the qualitative semiotic content analysis. Before the analysis itself, an explanation of theoretical terms related mostly to the representation of reality is provided. On these grounds the analysis is then approached as a description of different means of achieving media construction of reality, to which both the President himself and the White House Office of Communications contribute. This Office is in charge of the content of the above-mentioned channel. To broaden the context, general information about the functioning of the President's media communication is included. The aim of this thesis is an interpretation of the communication tools presented by the White House media channel and the analysis of their symbolic meaning in order to explicate the process of a specific media image of the President coming into existence. The approach to the analyzed content from the perspective of intercultural communication is also of importance. It must be...

This thesis introduces media representations of civil society organizations (CSOs) through quantitative content analysis of four dailies (HN, LN, MFD and Právo). The aim is to analyze and describe CSOs media representations in relation to media elements that characterize these representations, as well as through space and priority, organizations and actors that are associated with. The selected method allows the comparison of media representations for particular newspapers. The study builds on a social-constructivist paradigm, focusing on the agenda-setting theory, gatekeeping and news values. Thesis also discusses specifics of the CSOs and non-profit logic in relation to media and journalistic logic and their influence on the final CSOs media representations, including potential nonprofit dilemmas. The media representations are strongly determined by regionality and relationship with other sectors. CSOs are presented through positive and uncontroversial theme of good deeds. Regionality is together with social themes the most frequent topics associated with CSOs.