The thesis focuses on the problems of Early Modern Period duels concentrating on aristocratic milieu in Bohemia. The thesis is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 outlines the problems based on up to now findings especially foreign historical science. A necessary part is the evaluation of the existing literature on up-to-date subject, brief introduction of the methodological approach and an outline of the possible thematic areas. In association with the thematic areas, it is possible to pay attention to the problems of duels. In this Chapter is also a detailed introduction to the chosen methodological solution {--} historical-anthropological draft of honour in the Early Modern Period. The Early Modern Period is based on many categories as e.g. inward and outward honour, honour of a male and a female or individual and collective honour. Chapter 2 puts the Early Modern Period in a spatiotemporal context and tries to introduce not only the predecessor in the way of medieval court duels, aristocratic hate perhaps even knightly tournaments but also his successors in the way of strictly ritualistic duels of the long 19th century. A special attention is paid to an analysis of duel books of references of the 19th century, which is supposed to serve as a solution for the third chapter. Chapter 3 is a personal analysis of the Early Modern Period considering all possible aspects which are possible to be discovered in the context. Attention is paid to all possible reasons of the beginning of the Early Modern Period duels, direct and indirect participants, circumstances which accompanied the Early Modern Period as well as potential results for all parties concerned. The Early Modern duel should be roughly outlined as an original development in the history of duels in terms of untold references in the source of personal nature and personal research. The same emphasis is put in the involvement of a duel as a indivisible part of the intellectual world of the Early Modern period of a human being with a special consideration to the milieu of the noble people. The aim of the thesis is to prove the peculiarity of the Early Modern Period duel and to refer to the characteristic place in the inward world of the then noble rank as well as other ranks of the society.

The purpose of this essay is to explore the relationship between female nobility and their servants during the early modern period. Questions that this thesis sets out to answer concerns who their servants were, their positions in the household and if the relationship between master and servant changed over time. The lives of five noblewomen are explored through their diaries, letters and memoires with the purpose of trying to find out what they thought about- and how they treated their servants. The women are: Perchta and Anézka Rozmberk from the mid to late 15th century Bohemia, Lady Anne Clifford from the early to mid 17th century England, Liselotte Von der Pfalz/Elisabeth Charlotte from the mid to late 16th century Germany/France and Anna Labzina from the 18-19th century Russian Empire. The essay arrived at the conclusion that the women, for the most part, treated their subordinates with kindness and in some cases even respect that went beyond the elementary duties of a master. The primary source material are the letters, diaries and memoires mentioned above, although not in their original forms but in to English translated newly pusblished editions.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-10-20T16:46:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel da Silva Pereira - 2013.pdf: 1790194 bytes, checksum: b2459ecc0172e4a7a1cd4b6d158aca52 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-10-20T16:48:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel da Silva Pereira - 2013.pdf: 1790194 bytes, checksum: b2459ecc0172e4a7a1cd4b6d158aca52 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-20T16:48:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel da Silva Pereira - 2013.pdf: 1790194 bytes, checksum: b2459ecc0172e4a7a1cd4b6d158aca52 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / The thesis that’s presented aims to revive women's groups seeking prestige, enrichment and power in Goiás, along the eighteenth century. We look at the sources the circumstances indicating the possibility of some form of consensual relationship to achieve the stories of their members, not only the relations in which concubinage actually happened. With this criterion, our eyes were directed to cases of widowhood, failure of marriage and singleness. This allowed us a more critical approach about what is reported by the women in the sources, because provided us relativize the importance of marriage in this society, and also highlight the scenarios of autonomy, construction and affirmation of their identities and powers and also their strategies sociability. Situations of "possible families" allowed to discover a group of power, with the presence of autonomous and capable women, who wished for social distinction, honor preservation, enrichment and increase their wealth, characterizing an peculiar nobility from Goiás, the alluvium nobility, which means a apparent wealth, surface such as gravel, sand, silt, and organic and inorganic materials left by the waters. In Goiás, during the eighteenth century, to enter into this category of nobility constituted in desire of men and women who, through their occupations and social relationships, accumulating richness, expanding their wealth and uppers, differing from most of his countrymen, because of the acquisition of honorifics or social power and influence that comes from the enrichment. This means that the in the mines from Goiás, we see the trajectory of several people who lived in this search, the desire to enrich themselves in a context of conquest, characterized by hostile realities, often marked by power struggles and violence. / A dissertação que ora é apresentada objetiva resgatar os grupos femininos que buscavam o prestígio, o enriquecimento e o poder em Goiás, ao longo do setecentos. Para alcançarmos as histórias de suas integrantes, procuramos nas fontes as circunstâncias que indicassem a possibilidade de algum tipo de relação consensual – como o concubinato – e não apenas os casos em que ela, de fato, ocorreu. Com base nesse critério, nosso olhar foi direcionado às situações de viuvez, de fracasso do matrimônio e de solteirice. Isso nos permitiu uma abordagem mais ampla e crítica ao que é relatado pelas próprias mulheres nas fontes, uma vez que nos proporcionou relativizar a importância do matrimônio nessa sociedade, bem como, destacar os cenários de autonomia, de construção e afirmação de suas identidades e poderes, além de suas estratégias de sociabilidades. As situações de famílias possíveis oportunizaram-nos descobrir um grupo de poder, composto por mulheres autônomas e capazes, que ansiavam por distinção social, preservação da honra, enriquecimento e aumento de seus patrimônios, caracterizando uma nobreza peculiar da região de Goiás, a nobreza de aluvião, ou seja, uma riqueza aparente, de superfície como o cascalho, areia, lodo e matérias orgânicas e inorgânicas deixado pelas águas. Em Goiás, durante o século XVIII, inserir-se nesta categoria de nobreza constituía-se em desejo de homens e mulheres que, por meio de seus ofícios e relações sociais, acumulavam riquezas, ampliando, assim, seus patrimônios e cabedais, diferenciando-se da maior parte de seus conterrâneos, devido à aquisição de títulos honoríficos ou, simplesmente, ao poder social e de influência que advém do enriquecimento. Neste sentido, as tramas da sociedade mineradora goiana denotam a trajetória de várias personagens que vivenciaram essa busca, essa vontade de se enriquecer – e seu alcance de fato – num contexto de conquista, caracterizado por realidades adversas e, muitas vezes, marcado pelos conflitos de poder e violência.

Partindo da existência de uma fidalguia coletiva na região basca de Biscaia, ratificada juridicamente pela monarquia de Carlos V (1527) através da aprovação do conjunto de leis conhecido como Foro Novo, nos perguntamos: como esse fenômeno produziu-se? Quais os agenciamentos discursivos envolvidos em sua emergência? Sendo assim, recorremos a um estudo genealógico não-linear que abrangesse tal processo. Para tanto, utilizamos séries documentais tocantes à sociedade biscainha a partir século XV - especialmente - por meio das quais verificamos a passagem de uma sociedade assimétrica (regulamentada pelo Foro Velho - 1452) para a constituição fidalga em nível territorial. Além disso, não tomamos a fidalguia biscainha como um estatuto petrificado, mas nos preocupamos em analisar seu uso, funcionamento, articulações e produções de saber até inícios do século XVII no contexto monárquico. / Starting by the existence of a collective nobility in the Basque region of Biscay, juridically confirmed by the emperor Carlos V (1527) through the approval of a set of laws known as Fuero Nuevo, we have inquired: How this phenomenon was produced? Which agencies were used for its emergency? In this sense, we have resorted to a non-linear genealogical study, which comprehends that process. To do that, it has been selected documents related to the Biscayan society from the 15th century principally - through which it was verified the transformation from an asymmetric society (regulated by the Fuero Viejo 1452) to the noble constitution in this territoriality. Besides that, we do not understand the Biscayan nobility as a petrified statute, so we were concerned in analyzing its use, operation, articulations and knowledge productions until the beginning of 17th century in the monarchical context.

Os primeiros estudos dedicados ao texto Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro de Barcelos definiram-se exclusivamente pelo interesse nas narrativas nele contidas. A restante matéria de que se compunha foi, assim, relegada ao estatuto de matéria genealógica, e, como tal, desprovida de interesse literário. Numa perspectiva distinta, o objetivo deste trabalho é tomar esta obra compilada pelo filho bastardo do rei D. Dinis de Portugal (1279-1325) em sua unidade enquanto discurso. Atendendo a apelos de medievalistas quanto à necessidade de se entrar em linha de conta com seu conteúdo ideológico, com seu sentido como obra de arte e suas relações com o contexto histórico social da crise de meados do século XIV, a pesquisa aponta como ponto de partida de suas possibilidades de emergência como texto, o vigoroso processo de senhorialização da sociedade portuguesa que teve início em meados do século XIII. O que não se fez sem que resistências surgissem no campo cultural. O Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro é reconhecido por sua pujança ímpar em relação a obras do gênero no panorama europeu, em especial, hispânico. A metodologia aplicada à análise do texto inspira-se em diretrizes estabelecidas pelas chamadas análises de conteúdo; principalmente pela de uma Semiótica narrativa e discursiva, privilegiando as relações entre texto e contexto. O trabalho busca demonstrar que esta obra é expressão da atualização do que os estudos de André Heusler e André Jolles definiram como saga, que tomamos como uma forma simples, cuja memória alimentou a produção textual promovida pelo processo de introdução da escritura cristã no Ocidente, que se estima situado entre anos 1150 e 1350. Igualmente, é nosso propósito demonstrar, através de um contraponto, que os primeiros textos literários da chamada prosa de Avis, do início do século XV, emergem como um projeto discursivo de redefinição do universo axiológico com que o texto do Livro de Linhagens constrói a visão de mundo de uma nobreza feudal tradicional. Assim, adapta seus valores e códigos de conduta ao exigido pela necessidade de incorporação de atores sociais emergentes no trânsito dos finais da Idade Média para os inícios da chamada Idade Moderna. / The first studies dedicated to the Book of Lineages from the Count D. Pedro de Barcelos were defined exclusively by the interest in the narratives that it contains. The other components of this book were relegated as genealogical subject, and, like that, destitute of literary interest. From a distinct perspective, this study aims to analyse the work compiled by the bastard son of the king D. Dinis (1279-325) from Portugal in its unity as a discourse. This research indicates the strong process of seigniorage of Portuguese society, occurred in the middle of 13th century, as the start point of the books emergency as a text. This process brought up resistances in the cultural field. The Counts D. Pedro Book of Lineages is recognized its unique relevance in relation to the other works of the same genre which emerged in Europe, especially, at Spain. The methodology applied to the present analysis is inspired in the propositions from the field of narrative and discursive semiotics. It privileges the relations between text and context and demonstrates that the book studied here is the expression of the update of the concept of saga, defined by the reflections of André Heusler and André Jolles. We understand this term as a simple form, whose memories fed the textual production resulted from the process of the introduction of the Christian writing in the West, between 1150 and 1350. We also want to demonstrate that the first literary texts from the Avis prose arise as a discursive project, which aims to redefine the axiological universe with which the Book of Lineages constructs the worlds vision of traditional feudal nobility. This book adapts its values and codes of conduct as it is required by the necessity of the incorporation of emergent social actors in the traffic from the middle Ages end to the beginning of the Modern Era.

En montrant la présence d’un imaginaire médiéval dans la production littéraire des années 1600-1750 et en étudiant ses usages, cette thèse rend visible la construction d’un imaginaire moderne et galant utilisé pour susciter l’adhésion au pouvoir, en particulier dans le cadre d’une redéfinition de la noblesse.L’étude d’une fête de cour et d’un traité historique présente d’abord les enjeux politiques de la mise en récits du passé médiéval : il s’agit de figurer les origines et les valeurs de la monarchie. La deuxième partie étudie la construction narrative du passé médiéval à partir du corpus des récits chevaleresques, tel qu’il a été constitué par les pratiques éditoriales et critiques depuis la fin du Moyen Âge. Le recensement des récits chevaleresques tout au long de l’âge classique et l’étude chronologique de ce corpus, de ses métamorphoses et de ses dynamiques, fait apparaître la deuxième moitié du XVIIe siècle comme une période charnière.Les trois parties suivantes reviennent sur cette période à partir d’études de cas (la production d’un imprimeur, un traité des tournois, des épopées chrétiennes…) associant l’analyse textuelle, l’étude d’images et la construction de contextes. Elles montrent comment une interprétation moderne de la tradition chevaleresque a été construite par les milieux lettrés (dans les années 1640 et 1650), puis appropriée par le pouvoir dans le cadre de la politique de la gloire (1664-1674), avant d’étudier son devenir à la fin du siècle dans les genres nouveaux de l’opéra et du conte de fées. Pour finir, un épilogue met en perspective les récits chevaleresques avec d’autres textes figurant les valeurs de la noblesse et ses relations avec le roi. / By demonstrating the presence of medieval imagery in the literary production of 1600-1750, andstudying how this trope is employed, this thesis reveals the construction of a modern, gallant ideology,used to incite belief in and support for political power, especially through a redefinition of nobility.The initial study of a courtly festival and an historical treatise sets out the political questions raised by this storytelling about the medieval past: namely, a representation of the origins and the values of the monarchy.The second section studies the narrative construction of this medieval past, beginning from thecorpus of chivalric tales, as constituted by editors and critics since the late Middle Ages. An analysis of chivalric tales throughout the classical period, and the chronological study of this corpus, its metamorphoses and its dynamic, reveal the second half of the XVIIth century as a pivotal moment.The following three sections return to this period with a series of case studies (the production of a printer, a tournament treatise, Christian epics etc), combining close textual analysis, the study of images and contextualisation. They show how a modern interpretation of the chivalric tradition was first constructed by the literary world (in the 1640s and 1650s) then appropriated by political power to support its politics of glory (1664-1674), before moving on to study its fate at the end of the century, in the new genres of opera and fairy tales. To conclude, an epilogue puts chivalric tales into context alongside other texts representing the values of the nobility and its relationship with the king.

This thesis studies “svenner” – armed servants, bailiffs and administrators – and service ideals in late medieval Sweden by using a variety of sources including payrolls, correspondence, charters and service instructions. The study argues that in order to reach an understanding of the relationship between lord and servant, and the complexity of service ideals, questions must be asked about for whom service was open, if there was competition, and what in that case was characteristic of the people and requirements that constituted the service.The conclusion is that service was not open to all; loyalty and strong social bonds were cru-cial, while other capitals such as military competence and ancestry could increase the material and immaterial benefits of service. The social field was closely connected to the political field why those who intended to compete in the field had limited opportunities to influence the terms of service. Although serving the aristocracy could be beneficial in many ways, legisla-tion and a deeply rooted service ideal held the feudal power relations firmly intact.

The analytical framework of enchanted objects has mainly been studied in the fields of anthropology and religion, but can equally be applied to fashion and dress. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the material process of enchantment through the fragments of count Carl Axel Lewenhaupt’s professional uniforms from fin de siècle Sweden. It further aims to uncover the myth(s) of noble masculinity by the theoretical perspectives of discipline and white masculinity. The thesis uses object analysis to dissect a Chamberlain uniform’s bicorn hat, a Hussar’s dolman jacket, and a Chamberlain court uniform (type B) and places them in assemblages of enchantment – the micro and macro settings that made the garments become powerful. Through the material splendour, elegance and sensory opulence of the garments, together with their placement in ceremonial, traditional, elevated and mythical environments, they could enchant nobility to symbolically remain dutiful, heroic and close to the King, even as noble power subsided. This thesis proposes a way in which dress may captivate senses even across the distance of history, and furthermore, exposes the process of material enchantment in the making of ideal and heroic masculinity, which is still relevant and alive in contemporary culture.

This thesis focuses on the factors affecting the behavior of Czech nobility (especially Czech lords) during the Hussite revolution. Phenomena such as family, economic and regional relations, state affiliation,and the contemporary military situation will be confronted with the life of Hanus of Kolovraty. Hanus of Kolovraty was chosen for this purpose for several reasons. As a member of the Pilsen landfried he was an ally of Sigismund of Luxemburg for a long time. For us it will be interesting to see how Hanus of Kolovraty contributed to the secularization of church property, which strategically built his estate and how the Hussite pressure forced him into radical change in the opposite doctrinal camp. The research will be completed by the year 1448, when George of Podebrady took Prague and Hanus of Kolovraty was defeated and withdrew from the political scene. Various behavioral theories of the Czech nobility will be confronted not only with the life of Hanus of Kolovraty, but also with other examples of prominent leaders of the Hussite revolution. This thesis will attempt to answer the question whether it is possible to find some sort of unifying theory of a behavior of the Czech nobility in the first half of the 15th century, or whether this theory is definitely shattered by the detailed...

By examining the donations by the local nobility to the local church, this thesis aims to study the church as a public room. By analyzing the donations of the nobility in relation to Habermas concept of the public sphere and the concept of conspicuous consumption the donations to the churches can be viewed as manifestations of power. This thesis studies all donations to the churches that leaves material and visual remnants in the church room. The results shows that there was a conscious strategy for the nobility to use the church for manifestation and representation of power. The nobility used their donations to manifest their power and to represent the power towards the people. This was done by filling the church with their names and coats of arms. By donating liturgical objects, church silver, chapels and coats of arms used for funerals the nobility was able to symbolically place themselves in the religious rituals. The church as a room was a symbolically and hierarchical place, and by connecting themselves with this room by donations the nobility could manifest their position in society, both locally and nationally.