James Joyce é conhecido por seus grandes romances, mas podem-se destacar os contos de Dubliners por integrarem parte fundamental do que se entende por um projeto estético do autor. Cada um dos textos apresenta um aspecto e uma perspectiva específicos sobre a vida em Dublin, a qual Joyce descreveu em minúcia. Esta dissertação procura analisar os diferentes usos da voz narrativa que o autor faz na coletânea e como isso deixa entrever tal projeto estético. Oscilando entre primeira e terceira pessoas, os narradores tentam assemelhar seu estilo à maneira de falar das personagens de cada estória, o que se nota principalmente pelo vocabulário e, no segundo caso, pelas associações mentais que tentam reproduzir em discurso indireto livre. Assim, é como se a voz narrativa dissonante e perfeitamente identificável buscasse progressivamente se harmonizar ao contexto em que se insere. / James Joyce is well-known for his novels, but the short stories in Dubliners are a fundamental part of what can be considered his aesthetic project. Each story reveals a specific aspect and perspective of Dublins life, which Joyce described in detail. This dissertation aims at analysing the different uses the author makes of the narrative voice in his stories, and how this unveils such aesthetic project. From first person to third person narrative, his narrators try to bring their styles close to the way characters speak, which can be identified mainly because of the vocabulary and the mental associations reproduced through free indirect speech. Therefore, it is as if the dissonant and distinguishable voice of the narrator slowly came to be in harmony with the context.

La fragmentation apparente de l’écriture de David Markson, de Reader’s Block (1996) à TheLast Novel (2007), s’assortit d’une continuité assumée par une voix narrative mise en scènejusque dans sa prétendue disparition. Malgré le rejet des conventions fictionnelles annoncédans This is Not a Novel (2001), Markson fait preuve d’un attachement paradoxal au roman,jouant du caractère protéiforme du genre jusqu’à l’excès plutôt que jusqu’à l’épuisement, dansun style aussi prolifique que minimaliste qui fait la part belle au non dit malgré la présenceoccasionnelle de commentaires métafictionnels. L’analyse de l’ensemble éclectique des écritsde David Markson (1927-2010) montre que la pratique de la citation, qui constitue l’essentielde la matière de ses derniers textes, est à l’oeuvre dès ses débuts d’auteur, et que sousl’apparence d’une différence radicale ses derniers « romans » comportent des traces de sonpassage par le roman policier, l’anthologie, le western, la poésie, ou des formesd’autobiographie et de monologue intérieur. L’influence de Malcolm Lowry dépasse le cadrede l’étude que David Markson consacra à Au-dessous du volcan, ou de son propre « romanmexicain ». Des instruments linguistiques, énonciatifs et cognitifs, permettent d’explorer lefonctionnement du roman « expérimental » de David Markson, et de mettre en évidence lerôle liant de l’anaphore et des marques d’énonciation dans une écriture faussement disjointe etneutre. Donnant à voir ce que masque l’idée de rupture, devenue conventionnelle, le lien soustendla phrase, le texte, et l’oeuvre, malgré un éclatement – partiel – de l’écriture en fragments,et un bouleversement – relatif – de la linéarité / The seeming fragmentation of David Markson’s writing from Reader’s Block (1996) to TheLast Novel (2007) is combined with a form of continuity led by a narrative voice whoseapparent vanishing is merely staged. Despite his claiming to reject all fictional conventions inThis is Not a Novel (2001), Markson proves paradoxically attached to the novel as a form,exploring the multiple possibilities of the genre rather than driving it to exhaustion. His styleis both minimalist and profuse, and leaves much unsaid despite existing – if occasional –metafictional comments. A close reading of the miscellaneous works by David Markson(1927-2010) shows that his extensive use of quotations, making up the main material of hislater works, was a very early hallmark of his writings. For all their apparently radicaldifference, his later texts still bear signs that can be traced back to previous literaryexperiments as varied as detective novels, an anthology, a western, poetry, quasiautobiographyand interior monologue. Malcolm Lowry’s influence on Markson’s workreaches beyond his early study of Under the Volcano and his own « Mexican novel ». Placingthe text under close scrutiny by means of linguistic tools, mainly enunciative and cognitive,provides evidence of the linking role of anaphoric devices and of a subjective handling of adeceitfully disconnected and neutral writing. The search for breaks and breaches has nowbecome conventional, but actually conceals what can be revealed when looking forconnections. Indeed, continuity still underpins sentence, text and work, despite a (partial)splitting of the text into fragments and a (relative) upsetting of linear order

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-03-16T18:57:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Analice de Sousa Gomes - 2017.pdf: 1592931 bytes, checksum: a7dbacc86c8a4f4810a824c17341750f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-20T13:27:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Analice de Sousa Gomes - 2017.pdf: 1592931 bytes, checksum: a7dbacc86c8a4f4810a824c17341750f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T13:27:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Analice de Sousa Gomes - 2017.pdf: 1592931 bytes, checksum: a7dbacc86c8a4f4810a824c17341750f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present study, of an analytic-interpretative nature, aims to make considerations about the representation of the ex-centric man immersed in a context of fear and domination in the novels by J.J. Veiga, produced and published between 1964 and 1982, establishing relations between the sociopolitical events that occurred in Brazil during this period and the fictional construction of the author. This representation of the marginalized man, in this research, it is analyzed from the figures of the child, the young, the woman and the speech of the narrative voice that builds environments of contestation and designates voice to the characters that constantly question about the meaning of the human existence in a world of relations and values coined by the search for power and its maintenance. The focus on the child it is in its ability to overcome obstacles pointing to the maturation and development of a critical reality view in which it is inserted. The young, however, closer to the relationships of the adult world, shows that it is fragile in the face of frustrations, and finds itself disillusioned thinking of its future. The woman it is seen from a double perspective: domination and freedom. On the one hand, it is dominated by patriarchal precepts, believing that it must fulfill the "woman's role"; closes to the indoor environment of the house and it is dedicated to the housework. On the other hand, a little more liberated from the domination of patriarchy, domestic boundaries are advanced and inserted into the political and social contest, which seen the main elements of oppression and segregation. These women bring, in their actions and voices, the resonance of the achievements of the feminist movements. The narrative voice has a denunciative role. The veigueanos narrators, reveal the existential conflicts caused in the people times of oppression, but, therefore, it highlights hope as a motivation for the transformation of reality and the (re) appropriation of freedom and the identity of being. In this context, the analysis revolves around characters and their search for the existence meaning, as well as the questioning about the reality that oppresses controls and censors. So, for this study, we intend to understand the history of oppression from viewing of the oppressed and to observe the man as the core in the narratives. A hora dos ruminantes, 1966; Sombras de reis barbudos, 1972; Os pecados da tribo, 1976 and Aquele mundo de Vasabarros, 1982 based on assumptions that emphasize the representation of ex-centric characters and on the criticism already produced on the fiction of José J. Veiga. For this, the work is guided by the authors' reflections like Linda Hutcheon (1991), José Fernandes (1986),Simone de Beauvoir (1970), Agostinho Potenciano de Souza (1990), Tieko Miyazaki (1988), Maria Zaira Turchi (2003/2005), Flávio Kothe (1986), Tânia Pellegrini (1996), Vânia Maria Resende (1988), Pierre Bourdieu (2002), between others. / O presente estudo, de natureza analítico-interpretativa, tem como objetivo tecer considerações sobre a representação do homem ex-cêntrico imerso num contexto de medo e dominação nos romances de J. J. Veiga, produzidos e publicados entre 1964 e 1982, estabelecendo relações entre os acontecimentos sociopolíticos ocorridos no Brasil nesse período e a construção ficcional do autor. Essa representação do homem marginalizado, nesta pesquisa, é analisada a partir das figuras da criança, do jovem, da mulher e do discurso da voz narrativa que constrói ambientes de contestação e designa voz à personagens que constantemente questionam sobre o sentido da existência humana em um mundo de relações e valores cunhados pela busca do poder e de sua manutenção. O foco na criança está na sua capacidade de superação dos obstáculos apontando para o amadurecimento e o desenvolvimento de um olhar crítico da realidade em que está inserida. O jovem, por sua vez, mais próximo das relações do mundo adulto, mostra-se frágil diante das frustrações e vê-se desiludido ao pensar em seu futuro. A mulher é vista sob dupla perspectiva: a da dominação e a da libertação. De um lado, é dominada por preceitos patriarcais, acreditando que deve cumprir seu “papel de mulher”; encerra-se ao ambiente interno do lar e dedica-se aos afazeres da casa. De outro, um pouco mais liberta da dominação do patriarcado, avança os limites domésticos e insere-se na luta política e social, que mostram-se como os principais elementos de opressão e segregação. Essas mulheres trazem, em suas ações e vozes, o ressoar das conquistas dos movimentos feministas. Já a voz narrativa tem um papel denunciativo. Os narradores veigueanos desvelam os conflitos existenciais provocados nos indivíduos em tempos de opressão, mas, sobretudo, destaca a esperança como motivação para a transformação da realidade e a (re)apropriação da liberdade e da identidade do ser. Nesse contexto, a análise gira em torno de personagens e sua busca de sentido para a existência, bem como o questionamento sobre a realidade que oprime, controla e censura. Assim, para este estudo, pretende-se compreender a história da opressão sob o ponto de vista do oprimido e observar o homem como cerne nas narrativas A hora dos ruminantes, de 1966; Sombras de reis barbudos, de 1972; Os pecados da tribo, de 1976 e Aquele mundo de Vasabarros, de 1982. A análise é pautada por pressupostos que destacam a representação de personagens ex-cêntricas e apoiando-se na crítica já produzida sobre a ficção de José J. Veiga. Para isso, o trabalho é direcionado pelas reflexões de autores como Linda Hutcheon (1991), José Fernandes (1986), Simone de Beauvoir (1970), Agostinho Potenciano de Souza (1990), Tieko Miyazaki (1988), Maria Zaira Turchi (2003/2005), Flávio Kothe (1986), Tânia Pellegrini (1996), Vânia Maria Resende (1988), Pierre Bourdieu (2002), entre outros.

James Joyce é conhecido por seus grandes romances, mas podem-se destacar os contos de Dubliners por integrarem parte fundamental do que se entende por um projeto estético do autor. Cada um dos textos apresenta um aspecto e uma perspectiva específicos sobre a vida em Dublin, a qual Joyce descreveu em minúcia. Esta dissertação procura analisar os diferentes usos da voz narrativa que o autor faz na coletânea e como isso deixa entrever tal projeto estético. Oscilando entre primeira e terceira pessoas, os narradores tentam assemelhar seu estilo à maneira de falar das personagens de cada estória, o que se nota principalmente pelo vocabulário e, no segundo caso, pelas associações mentais que tentam reproduzir em discurso indireto livre. Assim, é como se a voz narrativa dissonante e perfeitamente identificável buscasse progressivamente se harmonizar ao contexto em que se insere. / James Joyce is well-known for his novels, but the short stories in Dubliners are a fundamental part of what can be considered his aesthetic project. Each story reveals a specific aspect and perspective of Dublins life, which Joyce described in detail. This dissertation aims at analysing the different uses the author makes of the narrative voice in his stories, and how this unveils such aesthetic project. From first person to third person narrative, his narrators try to bring their styles close to the way characters speak, which can be identified mainly because of the vocabulary and the mental associations reproduced through free indirect speech. Therefore, it is as if the dissonant and distinguishable voice of the narrator slowly came to be in harmony with the context.

Aquesta tesi vol demostrar que Joseph Conrad i William Faulkner, en les novel·les Lord Jim i Absalom, Absalom! respectivament, reflexionen sobre la credibilitat de la veu en la ficció i del discurs racial per mitjà de l'exploració tècnica de la veu narrativa i dels estereotips racials. Nascuda de les crisis històriques que giren al voltant de les relacions racials, patides al si de l'Imperi Britànic de finals del segle XIX i al Sud dels Estats Units durant la dècada de 1930, l'articulació d'aquests dos aspectes en les novel·les permet una representació de les qüestions racials que és innovadora i ambivalent. Certament, la interrogació de la credibilitat dels discursos, tan comú en la novel·la moderna, porta a la sofisticació tant de les estratègies narratives que exploren el problema de la fiabilitat en la ficció com de l'ús dels estereotips racials a dins de la narració, entesos, doncs, com a formes narratives. És justament en l'anàlisi de les correspondències entre els aspectes històrics i els aspectes formals on la tesi troba la manera complexa en què aquestes dues novel·les expressen les tensions racials pròpies dels contextos històrics que les engendren. / This dissertation intends to demonstrate that Joseph Conrad's novel Lord Jim and William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom! explore the narrative strategy of narrative voice, on the one hand, and racial stereotypes, on the other, in order to reflect upon the credibility of voice in fiction as well as the trustworthiness of racial discourse. Emerging from the historical ideological crisis that involved race relations in the late nineteenth-century British Empire, and in the 1930s U.S. South, the blending of these two aspects allowed an alternative and ambivalent representation of racial issues in fiction. The interrogation of credibility, very common in the Modern novel, results in these novels in a sophistication of the strategies that address the problem of narrative reliability, and of the use of racial stereotypes for narrative purposes in other words, their conception as narrative forms. By paying attention to these two aspects, this thesis claims that it is in the analysis of their intertwining where we may find the expression of the historical tension born of complex race relations.

Volume One, the adult literary novel, Dissection, is a portrayal of the inner world of Anna McBride, a female GP who has been sued for medical negligence. The novel spans the three-month period prior to Anna's mediation meeting with a young male patient, now the plaintiff, and his mother. Central to the writing of Dissection is the rendering of the consciousness of a woman who, in the wake of what she perceives to be a grave error of judgement, unflinchingly questions her worth and her relationships with others. Volume Two, the exegesis, examines various literary techniques (autonomous monologue, narrated monologue and communal narration) used in the representation of the consciousness of female characters in Marie Darrieussecq's 'A brief stay with the living' and Jacinta Halloran's 'Dissection'. With reference to the work of narratologists, Susan Lanser and Dorrit Cohn, these literary techniques are analysed in the context of two contemporary novels that seek to represent women's inner lives.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-07-31T14:11:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2334095 bytes, checksum: 79a979957d8da71b3a0f9bedeedaffc0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-31T14:11:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2334095 bytes, checksum: 79a979957d8da71b3a0f9bedeedaffc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-31 / The focus of our research is on Edna Pontellier, the protagonist of The Awakening, a 19th century novel whose main character is a housewife who was in search of her own emancipation. Our theory and critical resources are supported by works written by Per Seyersted(1979) and Nadilza Moreira(2003) both references names for Chopin's scholarship.Besides, we used Beauvoir' (1970), Woolf' (2012) and Showalter's(1979) critical studies to help us to develop our understanding of the 19th century social-hisorical women's context in the USA. For the study of representation we used the concept fromAna Gabriela Macedo e Ana Luisa Amaral(2005). To support our analysis on the role of the narrative voice we used Chris Baldick(1991) Our conclusion is that: Edna Pontellier represents a multiplicity of images and they are presented to the reader as the narrative develops itself showing Edna's multiples “awakenings” as a woman in transition. / O foco de nossa pesquisa está voltado para Edna Pontellier, a protagonista da novela, O Despertar; Edna uma dona de casa do século XIX que lutou pela emancipação como sujeito. Nossa fundamentação teórica se apóia nas obras escritas por Per Seyersted (1979) e Nadilza Moreira (2003) ambos nomes de referências nos estudos sobre Chopin. Além disso, usamos Beauvoir '(1970), Woolf’ (2012) e os estudos críticos de Showalter para nos ajudar a desenvolver a compreensão do contexto sócio-histórico das mulheres do século XIX nos EUA. Para o estudo da representação utilizamos os estudos de Ana Gabriela Macedo e Ana Luisa Amaral (2005). Finalmente, para apoiar a nossa análise sobre o papel da voz narrativa na novela nos amparamos nos estudos de Chris Baldick (1991). Concluimos que: a representação da protagonista, Edna Pontellier, não é una, mas múltipla e caminha juntamente com os diversos “despertares” vivenciados pela personagem ao longo da trama narrativa.

L’hypothèse d’une théorie musicale du sujet postule que l’on peut éclairer certaines problématiques de l’existence humaine à la lumière de la fugue musicale, et inversement. A partir du sens technique et musical du «sujet» de fugue, nous opérons dans la première partie une relecture (étymologique, sémantique et historique) de la fugue et du fait musical en lien avec l’émergence de la conscience européenne moderne, au tournant du 16ème siècle. En retour, les enjeux culturels, psychologiques et sociaux de la fugue s’éclairent grâce à l’injonction éthique de faire de sa vie une œuvre d’art - une fugue, dans la vie comme dans l’art. Cette hypothèse, énoncée au terme de la première partie, est explorée dans la troisième partie. La deuxième partie est consacrée à une esthétique comparée des arts de la fugue visant à faire apparaître la transversalité des enjeux et des principes de cette forme particulière. La prégnance de ces manifestations artistiques renforce l’hypothèse selon laquelle la subjectivité de fugue peut fonctionner comme un modèle de compréhension du sujet humain. La troisième partie s’ouvre sur une analyse de la psychopathologie de fugue. Ainsi la description de l’Homo Fugiens, figure anthropologique de l’homme en fugue, s’adosse in fine à une axiologie du sujet : le sujet humain, aux sens psychologique, social et éthique, évolue entre le sens positif (esthétique) de la fugue (œuvre d’un sujet absolu, créateur, en quête de lui-même) et le sens passif (voire pathologique) de la fuite (appauvrissement du sujet, qui peut aller jusqu’à la perte). / The hypothesis of a musical theory of the subject postulates that the musical fugue partly explains human existence, and conversely. Considering the technical and musical significations of the fugue «subject», in the first part we reassess the musical fugue (through etymology, semantics and history) in its relation to the emergence of modern consciousness in Europe, at the turn of the sixteenth century. On the other hand, what is at stake with the cultural, psychological and social aspects of the fugue can be explained through the ethical injunction of making your life a work of art - a fugue, in life, as in art. This hypothesis emerges at the end of the first part and is directly addressed in the third part. The second part is dedicated to a comparative aesthetics of the arts of the fugue aimed at underlining the transversality of the principles specific to this artform. The omnipresent manifestations of the fugue in art reinforce the idea that the subjectivity of / in the fugue can operate as a model of understanding of the human subject. The third part develops from an analysis of the psychopathology of fugue. Accordingly, we show that the description of the Homo Fugiens (the anthropological figure of « man in (the) fugue ») rests on an axiology of the subject : the human subject, psychological, social and ethical, evolves between the positive (aesthetic) meaning of the fugue (the human subject, absolute, in quest of himself, creating his life) and the passive meaning of fugue-as-flight (ranking from the impoverishment to the loss of the subject, which is the pathology of the fugue).

Le présent mémoire de maîtrise contient un roman dans lequel on trouve des adresses courriel fictives. Elles correspondent à des personnages imaginaires, et non à des personnes réelles. Comme dans toute oeuvre de fiction, toute ressemblance avec des personnes réelles est fortuite ou l'effet du hasard. Je vous confirme donc que ce mémoire ne contient aucun véritable renseignement personnel ou confidentiel. Il s'agit de la version du mémoire telle qu'elle a été acceptée par les membres du jury d'évaluation. / Cultiver le doute est l’idée centrale autour de laquelle s’articulent tous les éléments de ce projet de recherche création, où j’ai voulu approfondir et mettre en œuvre différents procédés susceptibles de produire une narration empreinte d’incertitude qui laisse libre cours à une variété d’interprétations. Le volet essai, Les contradictions polyphoniques de narrateurs non fiables dans « Asiles de fous » de Régis Jauffret, se concentre sur ce roman représentatif d’une certaine littérature française contemporaine dite « déconcertante ». Asiles de fous constitue un objet d’étude particulièrement intéressant pour aborder la problématique d’un espace interprétatif en tension. La dissonance des voix inhérente à sa forme polyphonique ainsi que la « non-fiabilité » de chacun de ses quatre narrateurs complexifient la lecture, au point où il est littéralement impossible de trouver ancrage dans ce récit hypothétique où tout semble orchestré pour dérouter le lecteur. Fractures multiples, second volet de ce mémoire, est un roman porté par sept voix qui explore l’insoutenable complexité de l’être. Il retrace différentes périodes de l’existence de Jean-Philippe Dumoulin en disséquant ses liens affectifs troubles et ambigus avec sa famille, ses amours et ses amis. Jadis enfant modèle aspirant à une carrière de violoniste de concert, Jean-Philippe adulte s’est plutôt fait connaître comme une sorte de vagabond libertin, tristement célèbre pour ses variations de tempérament et ses épisodes dépressifs fulgurants. Maintenant quadragénaire, il s’est retranché dans une existence quasi ascétique, tout absorbé par ses études doctorales en philosophie psychopathologique. Une rencontre fortuite sera le catalyseur d’une réaction en chaîne qui va l’inciter à renouer des liens jadis significatifs qu’il avait choisi de rompre dans l’espoir de s’extraire de l’enclos de ses conflits psychiques. À l’image d’une courtepointe composée d’étoffes soigneusement choisies pour témoigner de toutes les époques d’une vie, la trame narrative de Fractures multiples se présente comme un amalgame de 37 récits courts qui confèrent à chaque personnage son ton, son motif et sa couleur. Une grande part de l’action est véhiculée sous forme de dialogues nourris par les notions de la polyphonie linguistique, où des voix divergentes s’expriment, s’affrontent, se font écho et s’emboîtent. Il en résulte un jeu de perceptions animé par une quête de vérité toujours fugace, chacun ajustant sa focale pour refléter une réalité confortant sa vision du monde. / To cast doubt is the main idea around which revolve all the elements of this research-creation project. My intent was to deepen and experiment with literary principles likely to produce a narrative filled with uncertainty that gives free rein to a variety of interpretations. The theorical part of this project, Les contradictions polyphoniques de narrateurs non fiables dans “Asiles de fous” de Régis Jauffret, is an essay focusing on the novel Asiles de fous by Régis Jauffret, which can be seen as emblematic of a type of modern French literature dubbed “disconcerting”. Asiles de fous constitutes a particularly interesting object of study to approach the problem of an interpretative space in tension. The dissonance of the voices inherent in its polyphonic form, as well as the “unreliability” of each of its four narrators, complicate the reading process to the point where it is impossible to find an anchor in this hypothetical story where everything seems orchestrated to confuse the reader. Fractures multiples, the creative part of this project, is a novel steered by seven voices that explore the unbearable complexity of being. It recollects various phases in the life of Jean-Philippe Dumoulin by dissecting his troubled and ambiguous emotional ties with his family, his lovers, and his friends. Formerly a model child aspiring to a career as a concert violinist, Jean-Philippe grew up to become a promiscuous freeloader of sorts, infamous for his mood swings and dramatic bouts of depression. Now in his forties, he lives almost secluded, entirely devoted to his doctoral studies in philosophical psychopathology. A chance encounter will be the catalyst for a chain reaction that will spur him to rebuild once significant bonds he had chosen to sever in the hope of extricating himself from the enclosure of his psychic conflicts. In the same way that a quilt is made of fabrics carefully chosen to represent different periods of one’s life, the storyline of Fractures multiples is a collection of 37 short stories which give each character its own poetic imagery and undertone. Much of the action is conveyed through dialogues informed by notions of linguistic polyphony, where divergent voices express themselves, confront or echo each other, and interlock. The result is a game of perceptions driven by an ever-fleeting quest for truth, showing how everybody tends to adjust one’s focus to reflect a reality that comforts one’s views.

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV ROMÁNSKÝCH STUDIÍ Obor: Filologie - románské literatury Specializace: naratologie a španělsky psané literatury ABSTRAKT EN DISERTAČNÍ PRÁCE PhDr. Jerusalem Gago Praha, 2021 THE CONSTRUCTION OF INTERIORITY: NARRATIVE VOICE AND AESTHETIC RENOVATION IN THE SPANISH SHORT STORY OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY Abstract: The objective of this thesis is to explore the construction of interiority through its narrative procedures in that of the modernist narrative that appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. The discovery of the voice as a structuring element of the techniques of interiority constitutes one of the main theoretical and methodological axes of the work. Modernism considered as an aesthetics of interiority, a typology of the modernist narrative in five sub- genres, the establishment of a methodology for the specific study of the voice in its five dimensions, as well as the constructive profile of the narrative procedures typical of the modernist narrative, are the novel keys of this work. Keywords: interiority, narrative construction, interior aesthetics, modernism, modernist narrative, narrative voice, voice methodology, discursive structure.