Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-30T14:04:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000467586-Texto+Parcial-0.pdf: 434851 bytes, checksum: 3fe4e22ee69d62614f9c4e059dc989bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / The present dissertation, developed in the research line Violence, Crime and Public Safety, is a critic reflection about the systemic imperatives that colonize the legal (criminal) system appearing as reifying social pathologies. For this, at first, we propose an analysis of systemic functional Niklas Luhmann's proposal, which we believe have the potential to reveal certain pathologies underlying the present society, especially when his speech is projected to legal and criminal matters. In this perspective, the critical theory of Axel Honneth appears in a second moment as a fruitful theoretical framework for the demonstration that functionalism-systemic effectively reveals expressively social pathologies in the form of reification. Reification, understood according to Honneth as forgetting of recognition, manifests itself in a particularly harmful way in the sphere of criminal law - in particular, it seems, at the time of application of the criminal penalty, which is taken in this work as a practical expression in which the reification unfolds and takes shape. / A presente dissertação, vinculada à linha de pesquisa Violência, Crime e Segurança Pública, busca articular uma reflexão crítica direcionada aos imperativos sistêmicos que colonizam de forma velada, sub-reptícia, o âmbito jurídico (penal), revelando-se como patologias sociais reificantes. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, propõe-se uma análise da proposta sistêmico-funcional de Niklas Luhmann, a qual entendemos ter o potencial de desvelar certas patologias que subjazem à sociedade atual, notadamente quando seu discurso é projetado no âmbito jurídico-penal. Nesta perspectiva, a teoria crítica de Axel Honneth aparece, em um segundo momento, como um arcabouço teórico frutífero para a argumentação no sentido de que o funcionalismo-sistêmico efetivamente revela de modo expressivo patologias sociais, na forma de reificação. Esta, compreendida consoante a leitura de Honneth como Esquecimento do Reconhecimento, se manifesta particularmente nociva na esfera do direito penal – em especial, nos parece, no momento de aplicação da pena, a qual é tomada nesse trabalho como uma expressão prática em que a reificação se revela e ganha corpo.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:44:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000418628-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1668113 bytes, checksum: 9de1d274dd1f2fa7847666f80c14971b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / This study aims to examine the Palestinian-Israeli conflict from the perspective of systemic theory, proposed by Niklas Luhmann. The work will focus on the key aspects that contribute to this phenomenon becomes a autopoietic systemic character, exploring more specifically, the essential elements that constitute the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis, the links with issues of conflict of political and legal nature and factors that illustrate the circular form as the phenomenon operates their disputes. The luhmannian paradigm serve, therefore, as theoretical tool for a reflection of the exploratory nature about the perpetuation of the conflict, assisting in the observation of de elements that give an autopoietic nature of the Arab-Israeli conflict, contributing for the perpetuation of hostilities in Palestine. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o conflito Palestina-Israel sob a ótica da teoria sistêmica proposta por Niklas Luhmann. O trabalho irá centrar-se nos principais aspectos que corroboram para que o fenômeno adquira um caráter sistêmico autopoiético, explorando, mais especificamente, os elementos essenciais que constituem a contradição entre palestinos e israelenses, os enlaces do conflito com questões de cunho político e normativo e os fatores que ilustram a formar circular como o fenômeno opera seus litígios. O paradigma luhmanniano servirá, portanto, como instrumental teórico para uma reflexão de natureza exploratória acerca da perpetuação do conflito, auxiliando na observação dos elementos que conferem uma natureza autopoiética à contradição árabe-israelense, fato que favorece a perpetuação das hostilidades na Palestina.

The thesis deals with the draft of amendments to the Swedish Employment Protection Act, that is the result of an agreement between the social partners. The thesis focuses mainly on the change in dispositivity that is proposed for the protection for employments that run until further notice. The draft proposes amedments to the section in the act that concern both the basis for dismissal for personal reasons and the employers’ obligation to reassign an employee before dismissal is actualized. According to current legislation, a factual basis is required to dismiss a permanent employee due to personal reasons. Today, the section in the act is mandatory and exceptions from the provision may only be made for the benefit of the employee. The draft proposes changes in the grounds for dismissal and an alleviation of the employer’s obligation to relocate the employee. Furthermore, the draft proposes that the dispositivity be changed in such a way that the section becomes mandatory in its entirety. Only trade unions that are organized at the main organizational level are proposed to be allowed to negotiate and sign collective agreements on exemptions from the provision. It is as well proposed that the main organizations be able to agree on exemptions that can be both to the detriment and advantage of the employee.  This new order that is proposed affects both the principle of advantage for the employee and the freedom of association for the trade unions according to Swedish law. The thesis deals with how the principle of advantage and how freedom of association is affected by the draft if implemented. To understand the aims and meaning of the draft, and existing legal principles in employment protection, the thesis deals with these topics based on Niklas Bruuns’ theory of access justice. Access justice should be understood as access through justice, rather than access to justice. This means that the employee gets a general right to employment in the labour market, instead of a right to a specific job with a specific employer. This creates demands on the state, which gets extended obligations towards the employee, but also the employee who is expected to be employable in relation to the needs of the labour market. This observed development of labour law is largely due to the widening of the gaps between workers in the labour market, in terms of insiders and outsiders. The essay argues that the proposed changes in the dispositivity concerning the grounds for termination seeks to achieve this identified need, to reduce the gaps between insiders and outsiders, but ends up leaning towards a solution that is outside labour law. The solution in the draft focuses more on financial issues relating to such as competition between corporations. The essay argues that it is possible to find a solution that supports the theory of access justice within the framework of labour law.

Diese Masterarbeit diskutiert die philosophischen Grundlagen der Laws of Form von George Spencer-Brown, ihre Relevanz für die Systemtheorie sowie ihre Rezeption durch Niklas Luhmann. Dabei werden verschiedene Schlüsselfragen zu den Laws of Form beantwortet, einschließlich ihres Zwecks, ihrer Relevanz und ihrer Anwendbarkeit. Der Grundgedanke ist, dass die Laws of Form eine Sprachphilosophie sind, die in Struktur und Inhalt an Wittgensteins Werk angelehnt sind. Sie entwickeln ein Regelwerk für die Verwendung der Befehlssprache und behandeln die Entstehung der Objektivität als eine Konsequenz der Befolgung von Befehlen. Sie enthalten auch eine semiotische Komponente, indem sie die Trennung von Signifikat und Signifikant von einem Befehl abhängig machen. Aus dieser Semiotik leitet sich der mathematische Formalismus ab, welcher als das Indikationskalkül bezeichnet wird. Die Masterarbeit erklärt auch das Konzept des Re-entry sowie der Interpretation des Indikationskalkül. Darüber hinaus wird die Rezeption der Laws of Form in der Systemtheorie von Heinz von Foerster, Varela und Maturana kritisch diskutiert. Die These ist, dass Spencer-Brown mit dem Feld sowohl inhaltlich als auch historisch wenig zu tun hatte. Genauso wird kritisch auf die Missverständnisse in der Rezeption von Niklas Luhmann und Dirk Baecker eingegangen. Viel wichtiger klärt diese Masterarbeit darüber auf, welche Rolle Spencer-Brown in der soziologischen Systemtheorie spielte und spielen sollte. Darüber hinaus wird eine Grundlage für eine neue soziologische Leseart der Laws of Form gelegt und ein neuer Entwurf für eine soziologische Interpretation des Indikationskalküls vorgestellt.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung 1 1. Kontextualisierung der Laws of Form 8 1.1 Die Anfänge der Laws of Form 8 1.2 Die Entstehungsgeschichte der Laws of Form. Teil 1 10 1.2.1 Exkurs: Die logischen Grundlagen der Mathematik 10 1.2.2 Exkurs: Imaginäre und komplexe Zahlen 11 1.3 Die Entstehungsgeschichte der Laws of Form. Teil 2 13 1.4 Das „Mathematische“ der Laws of Form 14 1.4.1 Injunktive Sprache 14 1.4.2 Repräsentationslosigkeit 15 1.4.3 Injunktion und Wissen 17 1.4.4 De-Ontologisierung 18 1.4.5 Injunktion als Sprachspiel 20 1.4.6 Die Form 20 1.4.7 Die Unterscheidung 22 1.4.8 Die Form als Erkenntnismethode 24 1.4.9 Befehlsketten 25 1.4.10 Struktur injunktiver Sprache 27 1.4.11 Injunktion und Selbstreferenz 28 1.4.12 Paradoxie und Gedächtnis 31 1.4.13 Wahrheit und Realität 33 1.5 Zusammenfassung und Einordnung der Laws of Form 36 2. Die Laws of Form 39 2.1 Der Aufbau der Laws of Form 39 2.2 The Form 42 2.2.1 Definition 44 2.2.2 Axiome 47 2.3 Forms taken out of the form 48 2.3.1 Raum 48 2.3.2 Signifikationsprozess 50 2.3.3 Semiotik und Semiose 51 2.3.4 Ausdrücke und Wert 56 2.3.5 Von Namen zu Befehlen 59 2.4 Das Indikationskalkül 60 2.5 Primäre Algebra 63 2.6 Re-entry 66 2.7 Die logische Interpretation des Indikationskalküls 71 3. Systemtheoretische Rezeption der Laws of Form 75 3.1 Heinz von Foerster 75 3.1.1 Whole Earth Catalog 75 3.1.2 Die biologische Metapher 76 3.1.3 Biological Computer Laboratory (BCL) 77 3.1.4 Konstruktivismus 78 3.2 Humberto Maturana und Francisco Varela 81 3.2.1 Autopoesis 81 3.2.2 Autopoetische Systeme zweiter Ordnung 82 3.2.3 Varelas Calculus for Self-Reference 84 3.3 Rekapitulation der systemtheoretischen Rezeption der Laws of Form 86 4. Mathematische Rezeption der Laws of Form 87 5. Soziologische Rezeption der Laws of Form 89 5.1 Niklas Luhmann 89 5.1.1 Die Wichtigkeit des Missverständnisses 89 5.1.2 Die Form des Systems 90 5.1.2.1 Unmöglichkeit der Definition 90 5.1.2.2 Inkonsistenz des Konstruktivismus 92 5.1.2.3 Paradoxie der Systeme 93 5.1.3 Die Form der Systemtheorie 96 5.2 Dirk Baecker 98 6. Die soziologische Interpretation des Indikationskalküls 101 6.1 Der empirische Zugang 101 6.2 Notwendigkeit und Kontingenz als Zwischentheorie 102 6.3 Qualitative Forschungsmöglichkeit 104 6.3.1 Formalisierung 107 6.3.2 Berechenbarkeit 109 6.3.3 Beweisbarkeit 112 6.4 Quantitative Forschungsmöglichkeit 113 Fazit und Zusammenfassung 116 Literaturverzeichnis 121 Abbildungsverzeichnis 129 Anhänge 130 Anhang 1: Index of Forms 130 Anhang 2: Kreis auf einem Torus 135 Anhang 3: Berechnung Re-entry 136 Anhang 4: Beweis De-morgansche Gesetze 138 / This master thesis discusses the philosophical foundations of George Spencer-Brown's Laws of Form, their relevance for systems theory, and their reception by Niklas Luhmann. Several key questions about the Laws of Form are answered, including their purpose, relevance, and applicability. The basic idea is that the Laws of Form are a philosophy of language, modeled on Wittgenstein's work in structure and content. They develop a set of rules for the use of command language and treat the emergence of objectivity as a consequence of following commands. They also contain a semiotic component in that they make the separation of signifier and signified dependent on a command. From this semiotics derives the mathematical formalism which is called the calculus of indications. The master thesis also explains the concept of re-entry as well as the interpretation of the calculus of indications. In addition, the reception of the Laws of Form in the systems theory of Heinz von Foerster, Varela and Maturana is critically discussed. The thesis is that Spencer-Brown had little to do with the field both in content and history. Likewise, the misunderstandings in the reception of Niklas Luhmann and Dirk Baecker are critically addressed. More importantly, this master's thesis clarifies the role Spencer-Brown played and was supposed to play in sociological systems theory. Furthermore, it lays a foundation for a new sociological reading of the Laws of Form and presents a new outline for a sociological interpretation of the calculus of indication.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung 1 1. Kontextualisierung der Laws of Form 8 1.1 Die Anfänge der Laws of Form 8 1.2 Die Entstehungsgeschichte der Laws of Form. Teil 1 10 1.2.1 Exkurs: Die logischen Grundlagen der Mathematik 10 1.2.2 Exkurs: Imaginäre und komplexe Zahlen 11 1.3 Die Entstehungsgeschichte der Laws of Form. Teil 2 13 1.4 Das „Mathematische“ der Laws of Form 14 1.4.1 Injunktive Sprache 14 1.4.2 Repräsentationslosigkeit 15 1.4.3 Injunktion und Wissen 17 1.4.4 De-Ontologisierung 18 1.4.5 Injunktion als Sprachspiel 20 1.4.6 Die Form 20 1.4.7 Die Unterscheidung 22 1.4.8 Die Form als Erkenntnismethode 24 1.4.9 Befehlsketten 25 1.4.10 Struktur injunktiver Sprache 27 1.4.11 Injunktion und Selbstreferenz 28 1.4.12 Paradoxie und Gedächtnis 31 1.4.13 Wahrheit und Realität 33 1.5 Zusammenfassung und Einordnung der Laws of Form 36 2. Die Laws of Form 39 2.1 Der Aufbau der Laws of Form 39 2.2 The Form 42 2.2.1 Definition 44 2.2.2 Axiome 47 2.3 Forms taken out of the form 48 2.3.1 Raum 48 2.3.2 Signifikationsprozess 50 2.3.3 Semiotik und Semiose 51 2.3.4 Ausdrücke und Wert 56 2.3.5 Von Namen zu Befehlen 59 2.4 Das Indikationskalkül 60 2.5 Primäre Algebra 63 2.6 Re-entry 66 2.7 Die logische Interpretation des Indikationskalküls 71 3. Systemtheoretische Rezeption der Laws of Form 75 3.1 Heinz von Foerster 75 3.1.1 Whole Earth Catalog 75 3.1.2 Die biologische Metapher 76 3.1.3 Biological Computer Laboratory (BCL) 77 3.1.4 Konstruktivismus 78 3.2 Humberto Maturana und Francisco Varela 81 3.2.1 Autopoesis 81 3.2.2 Autopoetische Systeme zweiter Ordnung 82 3.2.3 Varelas Calculus for Self-Reference 84 3.3 Rekapitulation der systemtheoretischen Rezeption der Laws of Form 86 4. Mathematische Rezeption der Laws of Form 87 5. Soziologische Rezeption der Laws of Form 89 5.1 Niklas Luhmann 89 5.1.1 Die Wichtigkeit des Missverständnisses 89 5.1.2 Die Form des Systems 90 5.1.2.1 Unmöglichkeit der Definition 90 5.1.2.2 Inkonsistenz des Konstruktivismus 92 5.1.2.3 Paradoxie der Systeme 93 5.1.3 Die Form der Systemtheorie 96 5.2 Dirk Baecker 98 6. Die soziologische Interpretation des Indikationskalküls 101 6.1 Der empirische Zugang 101 6.2 Notwendigkeit und Kontingenz als Zwischentheorie 102 6.3 Qualitative Forschungsmöglichkeit 104 6.3.1 Formalisierung 107 6.3.2 Berechenbarkeit 109 6.3.3 Beweisbarkeit 112 6.4 Quantitative Forschungsmöglichkeit 113 Fazit und Zusammenfassung 116 Literaturverzeichnis 121 Abbildungsverzeichnis 129 Anhänge 130 Anhang 1: Index of Forms 130 Anhang 2: Kreis auf einem Torus 135 Anhang 3: Berechnung Re-entry 136 Anhang 4: Beweis De-morgansche Gesetze 138

Esta dissertação analisa as formas de interferência dos meios de comunicação de massa nas decisões judiciais a partir dos pressupostos da Teoria dos Sistemas de Niklas Luhmann. O trabalho parte de conceitos básicos da teoria dos sistemas visando à compreensão da modernidade enquanto sociedade funcionalmente diferenciada. Com base neste fundamento teórico, estudamos as especificidades dos sistemas parciais dos meios de comunicação de massa e do direito: codificação binária, programas, critérios e funções. Esta análise resulta na realocação da percepção comum de manipulação e superficialidade das informações produzidas pelos meios de comunicação de massa. Esse suporte teórico possibilita a reflexão acerca das formas específicas de interferência nas decisões judiciais. Essas reflexões são organizadas em cinco hipóteses de interferência, apresentadas no final deste trabalho: efeitos da mídia e concretização do texto normativo, temas da mídia e concretização do texto normativo, atuação da mídia como ilícito jurídico, irritações diretas e controle externo impróprio. / Cette thèse étudie les formes d\'interférence par les médias de masse aux décisions judiciaires, sous la base de la théorie des systèmes de Niklas Luhmann. Ce travail émerge des concepts fondamentaux de la théorie des systèmes avec le but de comprendre la société moderne tel que fonctionnellement différenciée. Basé sur cette conception théorique, nous avons étudié les spécificités des sous-systèmes des médias e masse et du droit: le codage binaire, les programmes, les critères et les fonctions. Cette analyse aboutit à la relocalisation de la perception commune de la manipulation et de la superficialité de l\'information produite par les médias de masse. Ce cadre théorique nous amène a la réflexion sur les formes d\'interférence aux décisions judiciaires. Ces réflexions sont organisées en cinq hypothèses d\'interférences, lesquelles sont présentées à la fin de ce travail: les effets des médias et lapplication de la loi, les thèmes des médias et lapplication de la loi, leffets des medias tel quun illicite juridique, les irritations directes et le contrôle inappropriée externe.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:26:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Rister de Sousa Lima.pdf: 654839 bytes, checksum: c4199c84b6dbf07e0e80e7e18ff9f279 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-02 / This study aimed at investigating the role of communication in the construction of Law subsystem as well as the role of judicial decisions, under the perspective of the Systems Theory by Niklas Luhman. This investigation is justified by the fact that this German sociologist has revisited concepts of the traditional sociology theory and proposed a new perspective of description for the complex society. The methodology was based on bibliographic research which was conducted not only in primary sources but also in secondary ones. Taking analytic reasoning as basis, following the Chaim Perelman definition, we started from the premises such as the Systems Theory toward the thesis, which can only be considered valid as long as the reasoning follows the chosen axiom. The results point at the identification of communication as the key and fundamental element in the constitution of the partial systems and the judicial decisions. Therefore, as a core part of the Judicial System it should be issued as basis in the respective binary code, that is licit/illicit. On the other hand, disregarding the binary systems characteristic causes code corruption and its corroboration for the construction of another system / O trabalho em comento investiga o papel da comunicação na formação do subsistema do Direito e qual o papel da decisão judicial, sob inspiração da Teoria Sistêmica da autoria de Niklas Luhmann. A justificativa da pesquisa encontra-se no fato do referido sociólogo alemão ter revisitado conceitos da teoria sociológica tradicional, propondo uma nova perspectiva de descrição à sociedade complexa. Para realização do trabalho utiliza-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, tanto as fontes primárias, como as secundárias. Tem-se por base o uso do raciocínio analítico, na linha do explicitado por Chaïm Perelman, parte-se de premissas por exemplo, a teoria sistêmica -, para se chegar à tese, que só será tida como válida à medida em que o pensamento for conduzido sob o axioma escolhido O resultado da pesquisa é a identificação da comunicação como peça fundamental à formação dos sistemas parciais e a decisão judicial, como parte do centro do Sistema Jurídico, deve ser emitida com base no respectivo código binário, qual seja: lícito/ilícito. Em contrapartida, o desrespeito à binaridade sistêmica proporciona corrupção do código e a sua reiteração a formação de outro sistema

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:17:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / No contexto das sociedades contemporâneas, caracterizadas por extrema complexidade e contingência, podemos observar os efeitos de uma violenta degradação ambiental, através de inúmeros eventos naturais catastróficos, como sinais de esgotamento e desequilíbrio das interdependências ecológicas, que indicam os riscos aos quais a sociedade global e o seu ambiente estão expostos, em face da imprevisibilidade do futuro. Na medida em que este panorama se acentua na comunicação social, tende a problematizar todos os âmbitos da sociedade, revelando a insuficiência do paradigma tradicional moderno, que permeando todos os âmbitos do saber assumiu contornos multifacetados e serviu de pano de fundo para as construções na sociedade moderna, cujas comunicações produzidas pelos sistemas sociais, foram responsáveis por essa degradação do ambiente ecológico, como reflexo da utilização e controle indiscriminado dos recursos naturais, da expansão agressiva do mercado econômico, assim como, da insuficiência da dogmática jurídica / In the context of the societies contemporaries, characterized for extreme complexity and contingency, we can observe the effect of a violent ambient degradation, through innumerable catastrophic natural events, as signals of exhaustion and disequilibrium of the ecological interdependences, that indicate the risks which the global society and its environment are displayed, in face of the without forecast of the future. In the measure where this panorama if accents in the social communication, she tends to problematical all the scopes of the society, disclosing the insufficiency of the modern traditional paradigm, that promenade all the scopes of knowing assumed multifaceted contours and served of cloth of deep for the constructions in the modern society, whose communications produced for the social systems, had been responsible for this degradation of the ecological environment, as reflected of the use and indiscriminate control of the natural resources, of the aggressive expansion of the economic market and t

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-23T18:42:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Arnaldo Bastos Santos Neto.pdf: 2045082 bytes, checksum: df5bb0c83365c86e1e276044ad385a97 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-23T18:42:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arnaldo Bastos Santos Neto.pdf: 2045082 bytes, checksum: df5bb0c83365c86e1e276044ad385a97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / Nenhuma / A presente tese, eminentemente bibliográfica, se propõe investigar a questão da justiça nas obras de dois grandes pensadores do direito no século XX, o jurista austríaco Hans Kelsen e o sociólogo alemão Niklas Luhmann. O estudo se justifica pela atualidade que a questão da justiça possui como um dos temas centrais da teoria jurídica, da antiguidade aos dias atuais. A escolha dos dois autores vincula-se às posições teóricas de ambos no que diz respeito à autonomia do direito em relação à moral, o que os coloca num mesmo campo dentro do pensamento jurídico. Por um lado, Kelsen colocou em xeque, ainda com sua Teoria Pura do Direito ainda prisioneira do paradigma da teoria da ação, os aportes tradicionais das teorias jusnaturalistas, esvaziando os significados da justiça a ponto de denunciá-la como um ideal irracional a serviço de motivações ideológicas, produzindo um abandono de qualquer tentativa de fundamentar racionalmente a ideia de justiça. Por outro, Luhmann recupera a discussão da justiça dentro de um outro paradigma, o da teoria dos sistemas, que muda o foco de observação das teorias precedentes, centradas na ação individual ou no individualismo metodológico, para a observação das comunicações que operam internamente e entre si os diversos subsistemas sociais. As conclusões de Luhmann sobre a justiça como fórmula de contingência do subsistema jurídico, bem como as contribuições surgidas do diálogo entre a obra deste com pensadores como Gunther Teubner, Jacques Derrida e Michael Walzer, indicam a possibilidade de uma fundamentação para a justiça compreendida dentro de uma racionalidade sistêmica, adequada para a compreensão dos fenômenos que envolvem a sociedade fragmentada e global de nossa época. / This doctoral thesis, eminently bibliographical, proposes to investigate Law in the works of two great twentieth century philosophers of law: Austrian jurist Hans Kelsen and German sociologist Niklas Luhmann. The research justifies itself by the up- to-dateness that the question of justice has as one of the central subjects of jurisprudence, from ancient times to nowadays. The choice of the two authors is due to the theoretical positions of both of them related to the autonomy of law towards moral which situates them in a same field inside legal thinking. On one hand, Kelsen disputed, with his Pure Theory of Law - still captive of the paradigm of action theory -, the traditional contributions of Natural Law theories, empting the meanings of justice to the point of denuncing it as an irracional ideal serving ideological motivations, producing an abandonement of any attempt to rationaly fundament the idea of justice. On the other hand, Luhmann brings back the discussion of justice in a different paradigm, that of Systems Theory, which moves the observation focus from the precedent theories, concentrated on individual action or methodological individualism, towards the observation of communication that operates internaly and between themselves the diverse social subsystems. The conclusions of Luhmann about justice as a contingency formula of the legal subsystem, as the contributions that appeared in the dialogue between his work and thinkers as Gunther Teubner, Jacques Derrida and Michael Walzer, indicate the possibility of a fundamentation of justice understood within a systemical rationality, adequate to the understanding of the phenomena that surround the fragmented and global society of our time.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-23T11:05:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467586 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 434851 bytes, checksum: 3fe4e22ee69d62614f9c4e059dc989bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-23T11:05:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467586 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 434851 bytes, checksum: 3fe4e22ee69d62614f9c4e059dc989bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-15 / The present dissertation, developed in the research line Violence, Crime and Public Safety, is a critic reflection about the systemic imperatives that colonize the legal (criminal) system appearing as reifying social pathologies. For this, at first, we propose an analysis of systemic functional Niklas Luhmann's proposal, which we believe have the potential to reveal certain pathologies underlying the present society, especially when his speech is projected to legal and criminal matters. In this perspective, the critical theory of Axel Honneth appears in a second moment as a fruitful theoretical framework for the demonstration that functionalism-systemic effectively reveals expressively social pathologies in the form of reification. Reification, understood according to Honneth as forgetting of recognition, manifests itself in a particularly harmful way in the sphere of criminal law - in particular, it seems, at the time of application of the criminal penalty, which is taken in this work as a practical expression in which the reification unfolds and takes shape. / A presente disserta??o, vinculada ? linha de pesquisa Viol?ncia, Crime e Seguran?a P?blica, busca articular uma reflex?o cr?tica direcionada aos imperativos sist?micos que colonizam de forma velada, sub-rept?cia, o ?mbito jur?dico (penal), revelando-se como patologias sociais reificantes. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, prop?e-se uma an?lise da proposta sist?mico-funcional de Niklas Luhmann, a qual entendemos ter o potencial de desvelar certas patologias que subjazem ? sociedade atual, notadamente quando seu discurso ? projetado no ?mbito jur?dico-penal. Nesta perspectiva, a teoria cr?tica de Axel Honneth aparece, em um segundo momento, como um arcabou?o te?rico frut?fero para a argumenta??o no sentido de que o funcionalismo-sist?mico efetivamente revela de modo expressivo patologias sociais, na forma de reifica??o. Esta, compreendida consoante a leitura de Honneth como Esquecimento do Reconhecimento, se manifesta particularmente nociva na esfera do direito penal ? em especial, nos parece, no momento de aplica??o da pena, a qual ? tomada nesse trabalho como uma express?o pr?tica em que a reifica??o se revela e ganha corpo.

O presente estudo trata do conceito de esfera pública (Öffentlichkeit) na sociedade moderna a partir da teoria social de Niklas Luhmann. Não se trata, contudo, de mera exegese. É certo que a teoria luhmanniana é utilizada como guia do argumento e como referencial teórico básico, mas sua utilização é feita através de uma abordagem interdisciplinar que visa a dialogar tanto com a macro teoria dominante acerca da esfera pública (de Jürgen Habermas) quanto com problemas teóricos levantados por teorias de médio alcance que, preocupadas com a pesquisa empírica, evidenciaram problemas e fenômenos contemporâneos que não parecem ser passíveis de enfrentamento pela teoria habermasiana. Por isso, os desenvolvimentos da teoria dos sistemas sobre o conceito de esfera pública enfrentarão dois momentos de tensão: no primeiro Parte I do trabalho um enfrentamento teórico conceitual em face da teoria de Jürgen Habermas sobre a esfera pública, e no segundo Parte II com alguns problemas contemporâneos levantados para literatura atual: sua relação com o Estado e o sistema político, com os Tribunais Constitucionais, com os meios de comunicação em massa, com movimentos de protesto e com as pretensões de inclusão na sociedade mundial (Weltgesellschaft). / This study concern the concept of the public sphere (Öffentlichkeit) of modern society in the social theory of Niklas Luhmann. It is not, however, an exegetic study. Niklas Luhmanns theory constitutes the main guide-line of this study and functions as its basal theoretical framework. Nevertheless, the arguments here presented are carried on by an interdisciplinary approach, in order to perform a dialog not only with the dominant theory of the modern public sphere (Jürgen Habermas), but also with theoretical problems raised by middle range theories which are concerned which empirical research; and with contemporary problems and phenomena that do not seem to be tacked properly by the habermasian theory. Therefore, the systems theory model of modern public sphere faces two moments of tension: In the first one Part I it faces Jürgen Habermas theory of the public sphere. In the second Part II contemporary problems and issues are addressed: the relation among the public sphere, the State and the political system; the mass communication system; protest movements and the inclusion claims carried on in the world society (Weltgesellschaft).