Šiame darbe nagrinėjami daugiakalbių vaikų kalbos sutrikimų atpažinimo ir pagalbos teikimo metodai. Tyrimo tikslas – išnagrinėti daugiakalbių vaikų kalbos sutrikimus, jų atpažinimo metodus ir parengti logopedinės pagalbos modelį. Atliktas kokybinis tyrimas, iš dalies struktūruoto interviu forma apklausiant daugiakalbių vaikų, turinčių kalbos sutrikimų, tėvus. Interviu metu gauti duomenys išanalizuoti ir jais remiantis sudarytas pasirinkto atvejo logopedinės pagalbos modelis. Pirmajame skyriuje nagrinėjami tipinės daugiakalbių vaikų kalbos raidos ypatumai, aptariamos svarbiausios šios srities sąvokos, daugiakalbystės reiškinio įvairialypiškumas. Darbe analizuojama tipinė daugiakalbių vaikų kalbos raida, gimtosios, antrosios ir užsienio kalbos įsisavinimas, analizuojami dvikalbių/daugiakalbių vaikų kalbos sutrikimai, lyginant juos su vienakalbių vaikų kalbos sutrikimais, atskleidžiama tėvų pagalbos reikšmė ugdant daugiakalbį vaiką. Remiantis psicholingvistiniais tyrimais, teigiama, kad daugiakalbystė yra vienas iš svarbiausių veiksnių, veikiančių vaiko kalbos raidą ir plečiančių jo pasaulio sampratą (Hoff, 2002). Antrajame skyriuje aptariami daugiakalbių ir dvikalbių vaikų kalbos sutrikimų įveikimo modeliai, įvardijami, teikiant lgopedinę pagalbą, kylantys sunkumai, pažymima specialistų ir tėvų bendradarbiavimo būtinybė, logopedų profesinio bendradarbiavimo, ugdymo įstaigų, teikiančių pagalbą dvikalbiams vaikams, turintiems kalbos sutrikimų, reikšmingumas. Daugiakalbystės ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The objective of this master thesis is to examine language disorders in speech-impaired children from multilingual families, and to contribute to the development of intervention methods to improve the language and speech development of these children. The main reason for bilingualism and multilingualism in children and families today is migration and living in new socio-cultural environment. Hypothesis: speech therapist, recognizes multilingual children’s language disorders and focuses using the appropriate methods of assistance, in collaboration with parents and speech therapist’s professionals, not only helping the child to overcome language problems, but also enhancing his communication skills. The work is based on partially structured interviews with eight parents of multilingual children with speech and language disorders using Skype program. Information obtained from these interviews were analyzed and used to develop a language and speech improvement model. The most important empirical conclusions that were drawn are:  The characteristics of speech disorders in bilingual and multilingual children do not differ from speech disorders occurring in monolingual children. However, the speech disorders of bilingual and multilingual children may be more pronounced and more complex than those of monolingual children. Therefore, the treatment of speech disorders of bilingual and multilingual children may be more difficult, more complex, and more time-consuming than the treatment... [to full text]

PERES, Terezinha Marta de Paula. Luigi Pirandello: tensões e conflitos em Um, nenhum e cem mil. 2011. 132f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Letras) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Literatura, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by Liliane oliveira (morena.liliane@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-16T14:23:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DIS_TMPPERES.pdf: 3088130 bytes, checksum: 99d3b01ee47248a5a05776a32d1a036d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-24T11:28:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DIS_TMPPERES.pdf: 3088130 bytes, checksum: 99d3b01ee47248a5a05776a32d1a036d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-24T11:28:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_DIS_TMPPERES.pdf: 3088130 bytes, checksum: 99d3b01ee47248a5a05776a32d1a036d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / The present research, entitled Luigi Pirandello, the tensions and conflicts in Um, nenhum e cem mil (1926), aims at discussing how the Italian writer Luigi Pirandello (1867 -1936) took part in the social tensions of his time, how his geographic moves occurred, moves which imply in relating the author to the historic process of his time as well as his intellectual formation and how his search for a place in the intellectual world happened. For carrying on this investigation, we counted on the help of Pierre Bourdieu in his The rules of the art (1996) and Dominique Maingueneau in O contexto da obra literária (1991) in order to understand the circumstances in which Pirandello did his work. We also intend to investigate the author’s interactive relationship with the society of his time in what concerns the customs, beliefs, traditions and, above all, his interaction with the traditional literature, his position as a reader, how much he absorbed influences from it, and to what extent he interpreted and recreated them in his literary work. For a clearer view of the author’s relations to tradition, we will discuss the concepts of “influence” and “desreading” under the theoretical support of Harold Bloom in his Anguish of influence (1991) as well as Sandra Nitrini’s Compared Literature (2010). As a conclusion of this research, we analyze Pirandello’s position from his Um, nenhum e cem mil (1926), how he overcame his predecessors and how he elaborated a new work where a brand-new literary style is clearly viewed. For such analysis, we counted on the theoretical support of Roland Barthes’s Zero degree in whiting (1993) and Harold Bloom’s A map of desleitura (1995) and Arcangelo Leone de Castris’s Storia di Pirandello (1978), among others. We herein discussed the paths through which Pirandello wandered, using for such the analytical, descriptive, interpretative and comparative methods in the pursuit of a better understanding of his building process of a new poetry, which confers to Luigi Pirandello a different voice in the twentieth-century western literature. / Esta pesquisa, intitulada Luigi Pirandello: Tensões e Conflitos em Um, nenhum e cem mil (1926), pretende discutir como o escritor italiano Luigi Pirandello (1867-1936) participou das tensões sociais de sua época, como se deram seus deslocamentos geográficos, que implicam em relacionar o autor ao processo histórico de seu tempo; sua formação intelectual e como aconteceu sua trajetória em busca de uma posição como escritor dentro do “campo literário”. Para realizar esta investigação, contamos com o apoio teórico de Pierre Bourdieu, em As regras da arte (1996), e Dominique Maingueneau, em O contexto da obra literária (1991), com o propósito de compreender em que circunstâncias o autor compôs sua obra. Pretendemos também verificar as relações de interação do autor com a sociedade de seu tempo, no tocante aos costumes, às crenças, às tradições e, principalmente, às relações de interação com obras tradicionais, no intuito de averiguar suas experiências como leitor, a absorção que fez dessas leituras e de que maneira as interpretou e as recriou em sua arte literária. Para um melhor entendimento sobre o processo de compreensão do autor, em relação à tradição, discutiremos os conceitos de “influência” e “desleitura”, sob o apoio teórico de Harold Bloom, em A angústia da influência (1991), bem como de Sandra Nitrini, em Literatura Comparada (2010). Como conclusão da pesquisa, analisamos o posicionamento de Luigi Pirandello como romancista, a partir de Um, nenhum e cem mil (1926), como superou seus precursores e como elaborou uma nova obra, na qual se identifica um estilo novo de fazer Literatura. Para essa análise, contamos com o apoio teórico de Roland Barthes, em O grau zero da escritura (1993), de Harold Bloom, em Um mapa da desleitura (1995), de Arcangelo Leone de Castris, em Storia di Pirandello (1978), entre outros, com a intenção de discutir os caminhos do escritor, através dos métodos analítico, descritivo, interpretativo e comparativo, para uma melhor compreensão da construção de uma nova poética, a qual confere a Luigi Pirandello uma voz diferente na Literatura Ocidental, no século XX e entre seus leitores atuais.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:26:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Renan Jacubowski.pdf: 1744971 bytes, checksum: 7afb0e462c96efe203ee15b408eb10eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The incessant criticism of Nietzsche to the mechanicism (Mechanistik) presents in his later writings show the importance of the refutation of the mechanistic thinking. The aim of this paper is to propose, after investigation of the criticism nietzschinian to mechanicism, the will to power (Wille zur Macht) as a conception of the world and the life able to overcome it. In criticizing the mechanicism, the German philosopher seeks to overcome its many facets imposing the doctrine of will to power as dominant. Nietzsche does not attack the mechanicism from a single point of view, but from multiple perspectives, denounces it as a theory which reduces the coming-to-be the logic, as dogmatic science, as theory teleological, utilitarian, and as a particular form of metaphysics and of christianity. From the dynamic struggle between impulses and the tendency of growth of intensity, Nietzsche aims to provide an interpretation of the processes that not only exceeds the present explanations at the mechanistic theories, but, above all, that affirms the life as a continuous struggle and overcoming. This new attitude of the world, thought as overcoming of the mechanicism, emerges from a Homogeneität of effectiveness (Wirklichkeit) in which every event is explained in terms of the will to power: there are no metaphysical dichotomies present in the world, has no teleology, was not created by a god. The world is changing or moving around, without beginning or end, and returns eternally. The life or the body is no longer thought of as organized matter and becomes a battleground between various forces or impulses that struggle each other for more power in a continuous process of overcoming resistance. In this confrontation between mechanicism and will to power, Nietzsche needs of the life as criterion to establish the superiority of his theory. It is from a psychophysiological analysis of the life that the differences can be established: through the investigation of the present symptom in all evaluation, it establishes a hierarchy (Rangordnung) between types of life. The outcome of this can to denounce the mechanicism as a physiological symptom of decay, ie, as a theory that denies the dynamic and perspectivist character of the life. Conceiving that the mechanistic theories are rooted in moral and metaphysical prejudices, the philosopher considers the mechanicism a theory inferior and presents the will to power as upper. On contrary of the mechanicism, the will to power affirms the life as continuous overcoming, and, therefore, Nietzsche considers an upper interpretation, presenting it as a new alternative explanation of the existence. / As incessantes críticas de Nietzsche ao mecanicismo (Mechanistik) presentes em seus últimos escritos evidenciam a importância da refutação do pensamento mecanicista. O objetivo da presente dissertação é propor, após a investigação das críticas nietzschianas ao mecanicismo, a vontade de potência [Wille zur Macht] como uma concepção de mundo e de vida capaz de superá-lo. Ao criticar o mecanicismo, o filósofo alemão procura superar suas várias facetas impondo a doutrina da vontade de potência como dominante. Nietzsche não ataca o mecanicismo partindo de um único ponto de vista, porém, em múltiplas perspectivas, denuncia-o como teoria que reduz o vir-a-ser à lógica; como ciência dogmática; como teoria teleológica e utilitarista; e como forma particular de metafísica e de cristianismo. A partir da luta dinâmica entre os impulsos e da tendência de crescimento de intensidade, Nietzsche pretende fornecer uma interpretação dos processos que não apenas ultrapasse as explicações presentes nas teorias mecanicistas, mas, sobretudo, que afirme a vida enquanto luta e superação contínua. Essa nova postura de mundo, pensada como superação do mecanicismo, emerge de uma Homogeneität da efetividade (Wirklichkeit) em que todo acontecimento é explicado em termos de vontade de potência: não há quaisquer dicotomias metafísicas presentes no mundo, não possui nenhuma teleologia, não foi criado por um deus. O mundo é mudança ou movimento por toda parte, sem início nem fim, e retorna eternamente. A vida ou o corpo deixa de ser pensada como matéria organizada e passa a ser um campo de batalha entre várias forças ou impulsos que lutam entre si por mais potência, em um processo contínuo de superação de resistências. Nesse confronto entre mecanicismo e vontade de potência, Nietzsche precisa da vida como critério para estabelecer a superioridade de sua teoria. É a partir de uma análise psicofisiológica da vida que as diferenças podem ser estabelecidas: por meio da investigação do sintoma presente em toda valoração, institui-se uma hierarquia (Rangordnung) entre tipos de vida. O resultado dessa análise pode denunciar o mecanicismo como sintoma de decadência fisiológica, ou seja, como teoria que nega o caráter dinâmico e perspectivista da vida. Concebendo que as teorias mecanicistas estão enraizadas em preconceitos morais e metafísicos, o filósofo considera o mecanicismo uma teoria inferior e apresenta a vontade de potência como superior. Ao contrário do mecanicismo, a vontade de potência afirma a vida como superação contínua, e, portanto, Nietzsche a considera uma interpretação superior, apresentando-a como uma nova alternativa explicativa da existência.

La réponse adaptative de populations de bioagresseurs aux pressions de sélection exercées par les activités agricoles détermine la durabilité des moyens de lutte. Chez le melon, le gène Vat qui confère la résistance à Aphis gossypii étant déployé depuis plus de 10 ans, on craint son contournement. L’enjeu est de proposer des éléments stratégiques aux semenciers sur le risque d’évolution des pucerons vers la virulence, pour développer de nouvelles variétés avec des résistances durables. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons : i) Estimé la diversité génétique disponible dans des populations d’A. gossypii de différentes régions de production de melon. Elle est structurée géographiquement. La grande diversité observée en France aurait en partie pour origine des évènements de reproduction sexuée suggérant un potentiel évolutif élevé d’A. gossypii. ii) Estimé la pression de sélection exercée par différentes combinaisons de résistance (gène Vat et QTL) sur ces populations. Les densités de population sont plus faibles sur les plantes Vat que sur les plantes non Vat et la structure génétique des populations est modifiée dans certaines régions de production quand le gène Vat est présent. Les clones se multipliant sur les plantes Vat ont une forte fitness et le risque de leurs extensions est grand. Aucun effet de QTL de résistance n’a été mis en évidence en plein champ. iii) Caractérisé les clones contournant le gène Vat. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’adaptation des clones s’effectue soit par modification du gène d’avirulence du puceron soit par l’adaptation du puceron aux effecteurs de la résistance. De nouvelles stratégies de gestion de la résistance Vat sont proposées. / The adaptive response of pest populations to selection pressures exerted by agricultural activities determines the sustainability of control methods. In melon, the Vat gene that confers resistance to Aphis gossypii has been deployed for over 10 years, so there are fears it will be overcome. The challenge is to provide strategic elements to plant breeders, concerning the risk of development of virulent aphids, in order to develop new varieties with durable resistances. In the context of this PhD, we have : i) Estimated the available genetic diversity in populations of A. gossypii from different melongrowing areas. The diversity is structured geographically. The great diversity observed in France would have its origine in part from the events of sexual reproduction, suggesting a high evolutionary potential of A. gossypii. ii) Estimated the selection pressure exerted by different resistance combinations (Vat gene and QTLs) on these populations. Population densities are lower on VatR plants than VatS plants and population genetic structure is altered in certain growing areas when the VatR gene is present. The clones multiplying on VatR plants have good fitness and the risk of their spreading is great. No effect of QTLs has been identified in the field. iii) Characterized the clones overcoming the VatR gene. Our results suggest that the adaptation of clones made either by alteration of the avirulence gene of aphids or by adaptation of aphids toresistance effectors. New strategies for Vat resistance management are proposed.

近年の医療ソーシャルワークのマネジメント重視＝内向き姿勢への疑問を呈し、(1)業務のマネジメント化への背景を探り、(2)歴史的資料の検討や医療従事者への質的調査を通し，それを克服する方途を探った。知見として，共感的対話，対象認識の重要性を得，①【業務を超えたつながり】が組織化への一歩，②【ソーシャルワーク経験・体験、覚悟】ができる環境と仕掛けづくり、③患者と【外来での継続的関わり】の三方法を示した． / Starting from the question of the recent management-oriented (inward-looking) attitude of medical social work, we explored (1) the background to the shift to management of work and (2) ways to overcome it through a review of historical data and qualitative surveys of medical professionals. The findings showed the importance of empathetic dialogue and recognition of the subject, and the three methods of 1) [connections beyond work] as a step toward organization, 2)creation of an environment and mechanism for [social work experience, and preparedness], then 3) [continuous involvement with patients in the outpatient setting]. / 博士(社会福祉学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Social Welfare / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

No description available.

As industries are transitioning towards mass customisation, manufacturers are looking for alternative techniques that can support the need for a more innovative, flexible, and sustainable production process. One such technique that is currently gaining a lot of momentum is Additive Manufacturing (AM). AM can achieve more complex structures and geometries which in turn makes it possible for highly customised designs with greater efficiency and sustainability. However, despite all the advantages of AM, adoption rates are still low compared to industry predictions, thus some challenges need to be addressed. This paper aims to study the implementation of metal additive manufacturing (MAM) by comparing literature with a real-world example, i.e., a case study at Saab, in an effort to answer the research question: Why adopt MAM; what are the challenges to a successful implementation of MAM; and how can they be overcome? The main theories that have been analysed in this study are Diffusion of Innovation (DOI), Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) and Change Management. Which are believed to be essential for understanding the implementation process of new technology.  The thesis follows a qualitative research approach where a single case study was carried out to be able to conduct a more in-depth analysis of the research topic.  In the case study it was identified that key challenges for Saab in implementing MAM are related to Knowledge gaps (both internal and external, partly due to immature technology); Organisational (structural and cultural) and Materials (qualification and standardisation) These key challenges, as identified in the interviews with Saab, match the challenges found in literature where they are described as Knowledge/technical know-how challenges, Organisational challenges, Integration challenges and Standardisation/qualification challenges. In conclusion, the reason to adopt MAM for the case company, a producer of parts with high requirements on functionality and optimization, is the strategic importance due to the technology enabling architectural innovation. The main challenges are related to the organisation and product development process, both in part due to knowledge challenges. In overcoming the challenges to the implementation, it is believed that increased internal and external collaboration is important as a way of generating and developing knowledge and at the same time using the resources more efficiently. Also, the need for re-designing the product development process to become cross-functional and include the whole system to enable architectural innovation.

In Gestalplaytherapy there is a need for guidelines with a pastoral perspective for the child that is experiencing loss. This research is undertaken to set Gestaltplaytherapeutic guidelines with a pastoral perspective for the therapeutic intervention of the primary school child who is experiencing loss due to the death of a loved one. The study consulted relevant literature and compared the literature study with experience acquired in practice. The impact of the loss that the child is experiencing has an influence on the child as a whole. The researcher has found that the Christian child's experience of loss due to the death of a loved one is influenced greatly by the child's spiritual experience. For this reason it is necessary that Gestaltplaytherapy includes a pastoral approach within the therapeutic setting when working with a child experiencing loss due to the death of a loved one. / In Gestaltspelterapie is daar 'n leemte aan riglyne vanuit 'n pastorale perspektief wat die kind wat verlies ervaar kan begelei. Hierdie navorsing het ten doel om Gestalspelterapeutiese riglyne met 'n pastorale perspektief daar te stel vir die hantering van die laerskoolkind wat verlies ervaar as gevolg van die dood van 'n geliefde. Die studie ondersoek die kind se geestelike belewing van verlies deur middel van navorsing in relevante literatuur en vergelyk dit met praktiese ervaring wat opgedoen is in die praktyk. Die impak van die verlies wat die laerskoolkind ervaar as gevolg van die dood van 'n geliefde raak sy totale menswees. Die navorser het waargeneem dat die Christenkind se ervaring en verwerking van die dood van 'n geliefde ook deur sy geestelike belewing beinvloed word. Daarom is dit nodig dat die kind wat verlies ervaar ook op die pastorale vlak binne die Gestaltspelterapeutiese opset hanteer word. / Social work / M. Diac. (Play Therapy)

In Gestalplaytherapy there is a need for guidelines with a pastoral perspective for the child that is experiencing loss. This research is undertaken to set Gestaltplaytherapeutic guidelines with a pastoral perspective for the therapeutic intervention of the primary school child who is experiencing loss due to the death of a loved one. The study consulted relevant literature and compared the literature study with experience acquired in practice. The impact of the loss that the child is experiencing has an influence on the child as a whole. The researcher has found that the Christian child's experience of loss due to the death of a loved one is influenced greatly by the child's spiritual experience. For this reason it is necessary that Gestaltplaytherapy includes a pastoral approach within the therapeutic setting when working with a child experiencing loss due to the death of a loved one. / In Gestaltspelterapie is daar 'n leemte aan riglyne vanuit 'n pastorale perspektief wat die kind wat verlies ervaar kan begelei. Hierdie navorsing het ten doel om Gestalspelterapeutiese riglyne met 'n pastorale perspektief daar te stel vir die hantering van die laerskoolkind wat verlies ervaar as gevolg van die dood van 'n geliefde. Die studie ondersoek die kind se geestelike belewing van verlies deur middel van navorsing in relevante literatuur en vergelyk dit met praktiese ervaring wat opgedoen is in die praktyk. Die impak van die verlies wat die laerskoolkind ervaar as gevolg van die dood van 'n geliefde raak sy totale menswees. Die navorser het waargeneem dat die Christenkind se ervaring en verwerking van die dood van 'n geliefde ook deur sy geestelike belewing beinvloed word. Daarom is dit nodig dat die kind wat verlies ervaar ook op die pastorale vlak binne die Gestaltspelterapeutiese opset hanteer word. / Social work / M. Diac. (Play Therapy)

No description available.