Resumen El uso de palabrotas en el habla coloquial, más bien conocido como el uso de tacos, ha aumentado considerablemente entre mujeres durante las últimas décadas. En esta tesina se han analizado las diferencias de su uso entre géneros y en qué consisten, el tema presentado cabe dentro de la diciplina sociolingüística, la cual estudia los aspectos comunicativos entre individuos. Inicialmente se destacan las definiciones y se explican los diferentes usos de las palabrotas dentro del habla coloquial.  El análisis se ha realizado a través de un método mixto. La primera parte consiste en un análisis del corpus COLAM (2015) del cual el material ha sido tratado de modo cuantitativo para poder averiguar la diferencia entre frecuencia y uso entre géneros.  Las frecuencias están presentadas en diagramas para poder probar la supuesta hipótesis de que existen diferencias entre los géneros al usar tacos en el habla coloquial.  En la segunda parte del análisis se ha aplicado un método cualitativo en el que el uso de tacos es ejemplificados y explicados con ayuda del corpus PRESEEA (2014).             El resultado de la segunda parte del análisis nos muestra las diferentes funciones y usos sociolingüísticos dentro del habla coloquial independiente de género.  Los resultados de este estudio muestran que existen diferencias entre géneros al usar tacos, mayormente en frecuencia y temas de las cuáles los chicos predominan el uso con temas sexuales. El presupuesto aumento entre chicas es probablemente debido a un cambio de actitud sobre lo considerado ofensivo durante las últimas décadas. / Abstract The use of curses in everyday language, better known as the use of” tacos” in Spanish has increased considerably among women the last decades. In this thesis gender diferencials have been analized and explained, the theme presented is within the subject of area of sociolinguistics which studies communicative aspects between individuals. Inlitially the defenitions are determined and different uses of curses in everyday language are explained.       The analysis is implemented through a mixed method, the first part consists of an analysis of the COLAM (2015) corpus in wich the material has been treated in a quantitative fashioning order to determine the differences in frequency and use among opposing genders. The frequencies are presented in charts to enable the test of the hypothesis that diferences between genders exist in the use of cursing in everyday language. In the second part of the analysis a qualitative method has been applied in which the use of ”tacos” is exemplified and explained using the corpus of PRESEEA (2014). The focus here is to show the diferent functions ans sociolinguistic uses whithin everyday language independent of genders.                                                                              The results of this study shows that gender diferences in the use of ”tacos” exists, and that the diferances mainly consists of the frequency and theme of which boys predominatly uses sexual themes. The presumed increase among girls is probobly due to a change in attitude towards whats considered to be ofensive use of  language during the last decades.

The thesis has focused on John J. Mearsheimers theory of offensive realism and applied it onto the contemporary relations between People´s Republic of China, Russian Federation, and the presence of United States in Europe and the Asian-Pacific region. The thesis concludes that the probability of war is moderate, due to the current balance of military power in each respective region. China is actively challenging the United States both militarily and politically in the international community, albeit without successful results. Russian hegemony in Europe is balanced and kept in check by the NATO alliance, which the United States is an integral part of. The Sino-Russian relations are marked by an overall respective tone between the two powerful Asian states. The thesis concludes through a mixed-method-design that the balance is currently maintained between the three states, but any deviation one way or another risk overthrow the world into an unbalanced state which is by far the deadliest, according to Mearsheimer's offensive realism.

In this comparative study the aim is to test the explanatory value and what can be inferred from theory building of criminological rational choice theory and offensive realism on the transnational expansions of organized criminal groups. Two analytical models, based upon the works of Ronald Clarke, Derek B. Cornish and John J. Mearsheimer, will be applied upon the Camorra’s and the ‘Ndrangheta’s transnational expansions. The essay uses a wide scope of sources, from news articles to academic books and papers, in order to provide an accurate description of the two units analyzed. The aim of this essay is achieved by having two research questions. This will in conjunction with the analytical models test the explanatory value of the theories when assessed upon the empirical material collected about the two cases, as well as provide valuable information of how organized criminal groups operate. It is concluded that organized criminal groups act rational and that rational choice theory is relevant when researching organized criminal groups' transnational expansions while the results of offensive realism differed on the two units.

IoT devices can be found in almost any type of situation as the availability and viability of them has surged in the last decade with technological advancements. The purpose of this project is to investigate how secure these types of devices, in particular a robot vacuum cleaner, actually are if an ill intended actor tries to interfere with the device. Different methods used in the sphere of threat modeling and penetration testing were applied and tested with the result coming back positive. The robot vacuum cleaner was successfully compromised and the privacy of the owner could be violated applying the attacks used. The current way of thinking about privacy and security of IoT devices could therefore need to be reviewed.

Tio personer deltog i ett experiment där 2 olika ljud läggningar av spelet Counter Strike: Global Offensive studerades. Version A var en beta version från 2013 och Version B var den senaste uppdateringen av spelet vid datumet 2023-02-10. Deltagarna spelade 5 rundor som terrorister och 5 rundor som anti-terrorister på kartan Dust II. Deltagarna spelade mot datorstyrda motståndare med en enkel svårighetsgrad. Efter speltestet svarade deltagarna på en enkät som sedan följdes upp av en semi-strukturerad intervju. Syftet med experimentet var att ta reda på vilka element av skott och fotstegs ljuden som påverkade deltagarnas inlevelse mellan versionerna. Syftet var även att förstå varför och hur dessa ljud påverkar spelarens inlevelse mellan versionerna. Resultatet visade att majoriteten av deltagarna föredrog version B’s ljudläggning på grund av att skott- och fotstegsljuden var “mjukare”, mer detaljerade och enklare att urskilja från varandra. / <p>Det finns övrigt digitalt material (t.ex. film-, bild- eller ljudfiler) eller modeller/artefakter tillhörande examensarbetet som ska skickas till arkivet.</p>

Syftet med studien är att undersöka och kartlägga en översyn över hur bemanningsenhetens huvudprocess; matchningsprocessen ser ut i nuläget, vidare ska rapporten undersöka hur matchningsprocessen kan förbättras, samt att identifiera kvalitativa förbättringar vilka kan underlätta bemanningsplanerarnas vardagliga arbete. Studien bygger på två frågeställningar; Hur ser matchningsprocessen ut i nuläget? Och Hur kan matchningsprocessen förbättras? Studien är en kvalitativ fallstudie där datamaterialet består av intervjuer, insamling av individuella processkartläggningar samt granskning av officiella och interna dokument. Resultatet av det insamlade datamaterialet påvisar att bemanningsenheten består av en sammansvetsad grupp medarbetare som upplevs ha känslan av meningsfullhet och tillit till sitt arbete. Vidare resulterar studien i att det finns otydligheter och brister inom befintliga rutiner, kvalitetssäkring, ansvarsfördelning, samt inom kommunikations- och informationsvägarna. Vilket leder till att det dels kan bidra till onödiga stressmoment, långa väntetider och otydligheter som upplevs finnas i bemanningsenhetens samverkan med andra verksamheter. Dels att det leder till att upplärningen av nya och tillfälliga medarbetare i nuläget sker muntligt, att uppföljningar och kontroller genomförs vid mån av tid. Förbättringsmöjligheterna som därav föreslås till bemanningsenheten, är två arbetssätt, processledning och språngbrädan. Genom att införa arbetssätten, dokumenteras den kunskap som i nuläget inte finns dokumenterade, en tydlig struktur framträder på hur samverkan mellan verksamheterna ska se ut, och tydliga rutiner på kvalitetssäkringen skapas. Resultatet blir att bemanningsplanerarens vardagliga arbete kan underlättas. / The purpose of the study is to investigate and map a review of how the staffing unit's main process; The matching process is currently in place, and the report will examine how the matching process can be improved, so that qualitative improvements can facilitate the everyday work of staffing planners. The study is based on two questions; What does the matching process currently look like? And how can the matching process be improved? The study is a qualitative case study where the data material consists of interviews, collection of individual process mappings and review of official and internal documents. The results of the collected data show that the staffing unit consists of a close-knit group of employees who are perceived to have the feeling of meaningfulness and trust in their work. Furthermore, the study concludes that there are ambiguities and shortcomings within existing routines, quality assurance, division of responsibilities, as well as within the communication and information channels. This means that it can partly contribute to unnecessary stress, long waiting times and ambiguities that are perceived to exist in the staffing unit's collaboration with other activities. Partly because it leads to the training of new and temporary employees currently taking place orally, that follow-ups and checks are carried out when time allows. The improvement possibilities proposed to the staffing unit are two ways of working, process management and the springboard. By introducing the working methods, the knowledge that is currently not documented is documented, a clear structure emerges on how the collaboration between the operations should look, and clear routines on quality assurance are created. The result is that staffing planners’ everyday work can be facilitated.

Dans les dernières années, on remarque un regain des guerres par procuration comme outil de compétition entre les États. Ces conflits sont généralement pensés comme une façon peu coûteuse d’intervenir et de compétitionner, permettent aux puissances de s’affronter sans assumer les coûts politiques, militaires et humains engendrés par une intervention dans un conflit. Toutefois, les guerres par procuration impliquent des désavantages importants pour le commanditaire. Les mandataires se révèlent généralement difficiles, voire impossibles, à contrôler ou à orienter vers des objectifs précis. De plus, les doctrines et la conduite militaire moderne font en sorte que les mandataires ont souvent des capacités insuffisantes pour réellement compétitionner. L’objectif de ce mémoire est de comprendre pourquoi les États mènent des guerres par procuration, alors qu’à d’autres moments ils choisissent d’intervenir directement dans un conflit. Pour ce faire nous explorons le passage entre l’intervention indirecte puis directe de la Russie et de l’Iran dans 4 conflits régionaux afin de comprendre les motivations derrière chacune d’elles. Au travers de l’étude de ces cas, ce mémoire fera l’argument que les guerres par procuration servent davantage des objectifs défensifs pour le commanditaire, alors que les interventions directes servent davantage des objectifs offensifs. / In recent years, there has been a resurgence of proxy wars as a tool of competition between states. These conflicts describe as a low-paying way of intervening and competing allow powers to confront each other without assuming the political, military and human costs caused by intervention in a conflict. However, proxy wars involve significant disadvantages for the sponsor. Proxies are generally difficult, if not impossible, to control or steer toward specific goals. Additionally, modern military doctrines and conduct mean that proxies often have insufficient capabilities to truly compete. The objective of this thesis is to understand why States wage wars by proxy, while other times they choose to intervene directly in a conflict. To do this, we explore the transition between the indirect then direct intervention of Russia and Iran in 4 regional conflicts in order to understand the motivations behind each of them. Through the study of these cases, this thesis will argue that proxy wars serve more defensive objectives for the sponsor, while direct interventions serve more offensive objectives.

Outer Space has been a contested domain since the Cold War but in the past few decades with the advancement of technology, it has become even more desirable. Outer space has become extremely important in our everyday lives from satellite telecommunications, television broadcasting, weather forecasting, and navigation. The many uses of satellites can also trigger a dual use for military purposes and the weaponization of outer space. In the field of militarization and weaponization of outer space, there is not a significant set of agreements, except for the Outer Space Treaty (1967). This thesis is exploring the Russian behavior in the scope of their judicial and practical decisions in the militarization and weaponization of outer space. Their judicial decisions are analyzed with the balance of power theory since it better explains why Russia maintains a collaborative and diplomatic behavior in this domain. Their practical behavior is analyzed using offensive realism to better understand why they had developed aggressive behavior and chose to develop weapons in the field of outer space.

Several companies have been inspired by Lean to achieve continuos improvement in their operations. Unfortunately, many manufacturing industries have struggled with the successful implementation of such improvement programs. LKAB has initiated the disturbance-free pellet production program to achieve stable processes by applying and improving LKAB´s decided standards. The purpose of this study is to investigate the desired effects of the process confirmation approach and to identify important sucess factors for the implementation of process confirmation at the organization NMF, LKAB. To achieve the desired effects with the method of process confirmation, the data collection in the study consisted of interviews, the results of which are presented in the results section. The interviews together with internal process confirmation documents have formed the basis for the analysis of the connection between the way of working and the Gemba Walk, with its theoretical background in the Lean philosophy. A SWOT analysis was made based on data from an interview with a participant from a similar improvement project and other material included in the study, to demonstrate the project´s prerequisites for a successful implementation of process confirmation. The study shows that the desired effects with process confirmation are clear with managers, but the approach in execution needs to be clarified, especially at a strategic level. The result from the study shows that there are good conditions for implementing the working method, where training in the execution and ensuring its compliance will be of great importance. / Flera företag har blivit inspirerade av Lean för att nå en kontinuerlig förbättring i sina verksamheter. Många tillverkningsindustrier har dessvärre kämpat med en lyckad implementering av sådana förbättringsprogram. LKAB har initierat programmet Störningsfri pelletsproduktion (SPP) för att uppnå stabila processer genom att tillämpa och förbättra LKAB:s beslutade standarder.  Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka önskade effekter av arbetssättet processbekräftelse samt att identifiera viktiga framgångsfaktorer för implementering av processbekräftelse på organisationen NMF, LKAB. Arbetet bygger på frågeställningarna (1) Vad är de önskade effekterna för chefer och medarbetare med arbetssättet processbekräftelse?, (2) Vad är likheter och skillnader mellan processbekräftelse och Gemba Walk? Och (3) Vad är viktiga framgångsfaktorer för implementering av processbekräftelse?  För att få fram de önskade effekterna med arbetssättet processbekräftelse har datainsamlingen i studien bestått av intervjuer där resultat från dessa presentera i resultatavsnittet. Intervjuerna tillsammans med interna dokument om processbekräftelse har legat till grund för analysen av sambandet mellan arbetssättet och Gemba Walk, med dess teoretiska bakgrund i Lean-filosofin. En SWOT-analys gjordes utifrån data från intervju med en deltagare från liknande förbättringsprojekt och övrigt material som ingår i studien, för att kunna påvisa projektets förutsättningar för en lyckad implementering av processbekräftelse.  Studien visar att önskade effekter med processbekräftelse är tydligt hos chefer men tillvägagångssätt i utförandet behöver förtydligas, särskilt på strategisk nivå. Resultatet från studien visar att det finns bra förutsättningar att implementera arbetssättet, där träning i utförandet och säkerställa dess efterlevnad kommer vara av stor betydelse.

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