La gestión del cambio en una organización se ha impuesto en esta última década debido a la transformación de los esquemas organizacionales tradicionales. La demandante innovación tecnológica, la apertura casi total de los mercados nacionales e internacionales, la pandemia del COVID19 y diversos fenómenos externos han despertado en los investigadores la necesidad de estudiar sus efectos y proponer metodologías para hacerles frente y aprovechar su ocurrencia para optimizar procesos organizativos a futuro. En nuestro país hay un mínimo de investigaciones sobre la influencia de la Gestión del cambio en las diferentes áreas de la empresa, como el de Recursos Humanos, siendo el capital humano, un pilar para el desarrollo de este. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia de la gestión del cambio en el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores de los supermercados de Lima Metropolitana durante el año 2021. Se utilizó un diseño explicativo analítico y un procedimiento de encuestas en una muestra representativa de 381 colaboradores. Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta con un cuestionario tipo Likert y se cuenta la fiabilidad del mismo. Se encontró que la gestión del cambio a partir del liderazgo, las personas, la comunicación y la estructura tiene una influencia significativa en el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores de los supermercados de Lima Metropolitana. Estos resultados evidencian el sustento para recomendar que las empresas del sector retail implementen un modelo de Gestión de cambio que involucre a sus colaboradores permanente y activamente, lo cual impactaría significativamente en su desempeño laboral. / The management of change in an organization has been imposed in the last decade due to the transformation of traditional organizational schemes. The demand for technological innovation, the almost total opening up of national and international markets, the COVID19 pandemic and various external phenomena have awakened researchers to the need to study their effects and propose methodologies to address them and take advantage of their occurrence to optimize future organizational processes. In our country there is a minimum of research on the influence of Change Management in the different areas of the company, such as Human Resources, being human capital, a pillar for the development of this. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of change management on the work performance of the employees of supermarkets in Metropolitan Lima during the year 2021. An analytical explanatory design and a survey procedure were used in a representative sample of 381 contributors. The survey technique was used with a Likert questionnaire and the reliability of the questionnaire is counted. It was found that the management of change from leadership, people, communication and structure has a significant influence on the work performance of the employees of supermarkets in Metropolitan Lima. These results show the support to recommend that companies in the retail sector implement a change management model that involves their employees permanently and actively, which would significantly impact their work performance. / Tesis

Ce mémoire porte les expériences des citoyens et des citoyennes qui s'engagent dans des instances de participation publique, plus précisément dans deux comités de bon voisinage mis en place dans les secteurs touchés par les travaux entourant un projet d'infrastructure majeur à Montréal. La revue de la littérature réalisée a montré que des tensions, contradictions et paradoxes font partie de ces expériences, mais qu'ils sont généralement abordés à l'arrière-plan, sans théorisation permettant d'en saisir toute la portée. Afin de pallier cette lacune, cette recherche réalise un maillage original entre deux champs disciplinaires en adoptant une approche constitutive sur les tensions organisationnelles (Putnam, Fairhurst et Banghart, 2016), qui pose celles-ci comme condition normale des organisations plutôt que comme problème à résoudre. Ainsi, les entretiens réalisés avec huit membres des comités de bon voisinage ont permis de documenter l'hétérogénéité de leurs expériences, mais également la multiplicité des tensions qui en sont constitutives et la façon dont elles sont liées par les membres dans leur discours et à travers celui-ci (Sheep, Fairhurst et Khazanchi, 2017). Ces tensions ont été articulées autour de trois grandes familles : la tension entre collaboration et confrontation et celles qui y sont reliées, les tensions relatives à l'exercice de représentation et la conciliation entre les différents engagements. Sans nier qu'elles peuvent être vécues difficilement par les acteurs et les actrices et les risques de désengagement citoyen qui en découlent, cette recherche a permis d'attirer l'attention sur le caractère potentiellement productif de ces tensions, lesquelles peuvent même constituer un moteur vers l'atteinte des idéaux de la démocratie participative. / This thesis analyzes the experiences of the citizens involved in public participation, more specifically in two neighborhood committees established as part of a major infrastructure project in Montreal. As the literature review has shown, there are tensions, contradictions and paradoxes in those experiences, but they tend to be treated as a background theme rather than brought to the fore, and consequently they lack the conceptual tools that would allow a better understanding of their significance. To address this gap in the literature, this research brings together two disciplinary fields by adopting a constitutive approach on organizational tensions (Putnam, Fairhurst et Banghart, 2016), that treats tensions as a normal condition of organizations rather than a problem to solve. The eight qualitative interviews that were conducted shown how heterogeneous these experiences are, but also how they are constituted by multiple tensions that are linked by the members in and through discourse (Sheep, Fairhurst et Khazanchi, 2017). These tensions have been presented in three families: the tension between collaboration and confrontation (and the other tensions interlinked with it), the tensions related to the exercise of representation and the difficult reconciliation between several engagements. Indeed, coping with these tensions may involve great emotional difficulties that could lead to a withdrawal from public participation. However, this research also draws attention to the capacity of these tensions to be productive and to bring the practice of public participation closer to its ideals.

Technology has provided more people access products and services, yet some individuals who would benefit the most from digital access to resources are frequently excluded from participation. One group that is largely neglected is the disability community. Despite federal regulations intended to ensure that people with physical/mental disabilities are included in public digital platforms, organizations continuously design websites, applications, and interfaces without people with disabilities in mind. This is particularly the case with small businesses, which are most commonly reported as having inaccessible digital platforms. Digital inclusion attempts to ensure equity in digital properties by providing a model to operationalize inclusion across technologies. This qualitative case study examines how a small business owner in an urban U.S. city prioritizes digital inclusion in his daily operations. Using a responsive interview model, the business owner’s experiences, attitudes, and priorities were recorded. Six themes appeared from this study: perceptions of disability influence digital inclusion, powerful branding suggests digital access, unawareness of accessibility guidelines, UX testing overlooks input from people with disabilities, inclusion is tough to enforce on digital platforms, and workarounds hinder digital improvements.

Covid-19 har lett till att många företag har behövt göra en hastig övergång från kontorsarbete till distansarbete. Denna studie har undersökt hur mediebolaget Aller medias interna kommunikation har påverkats av övergången till distansarbete till följd av covid-19. En forskningslucka har identifierats gällande organisationskommunikation under distansarbete, specifikt oplanerat distansarbete till följd av covid-19. Studien kommer utgå från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv på organisationskommunikation och analysera hur digitala kommunikativa processer har skapats och bidragit till meningsskapande upplevelser under distansarbetet.    Studiens huvudsakliga teoretiska ramverk består av två teorier sett ur ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv; Communicative Constitution of Organizations och Affordance. Kvalitativa intervjuer har utfört med sex anställda på Aller media, tre medarbetare och tre chefer. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade och utfördes på plats, via zoom och via telefonsamtal med hänsyn till intervjupersonernas geografiska position. Målet med intervjuerna var att urskilja intervjupersonernas olika upplevelser av hur kommunikationen har förändrats under distansarbetet.    Studiens resultat föreslår att Aller medias interna kommunikation har ändrat form och har upplevts olika av olika personer. Den informella kommunikationen har begränsats då det är svårt att skapa naturliga samtal via digitala kommunikationsmedel. Slutligen kan det påvisas att den interna kommunikationen på ett kontor är svår att efterlikna i en digital miljö. / Covid-19 has forced many organizations to make a rapid transition from having their employees work in an office to them being required to work from home. This new form of working from home has been called "to telework". The aim of this study has been to examine how the transition to telework, due to covid-19, has affected the media company Aller Media's internal communication. A research gap has been identified concerning organizational communication during telework, specifically unplanned telework due to covid-19. The study will assume a social constructivist perspective on organizational communication and analyze how digital communicative processes have been created and how they have contributed to sensemaking experiences during telework.    The theoretical framework of this study will mainly consist of two theories seen from a social constructivist perspective; Communicative Constitution of Organizations and Affordance. Qualitative interviews have been conducted with six individuals at Aller media, three employees and three bosses. The interviews were semi-structured and conducted at Aller Media's office, through Zoom and through phone calls depending on the interviewees geographical position. The goal of the interviews was to tell the different experiences of the interviewees and how the communication has changed during the period of telework.     The result of the study suggests that Aller Media's internal communication has changed form and been experienced differently by the coworkers. The informal communication has been limited considering the difficulty of creating natural conversations through digital communication platforms. In conclusion, the study suggests that informal communication in an office is difficult to imitate in a digital environment.

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In a growing digital economy, the possibilities for newly established companies are immense, and the market for innovative, disruptive products has grown exponentially. In this environment, single-person start-ups exist alongside billion-dollar organizations with thousands of employees. Somewhere in the middle, scale-ups have become an increasingly interesting topic of study as they can be seen as the "successful" start-ups that are experiencing the transitional challenges of establishing themselves in an increasingly competitive market. As fast-growing scale-ups juggle customer's demand for new, innovative products/services alongside investor's demand for a viable business model, a need for a fast and adaptive product/service development environment arises. Here the concept of cross-functional teams becomes increasingly interesting as a tool for facing the challenges that such scale-ups face. This paper is an exploratory case-study following a cross-functional team at a tech scale-up in the Stockholm region. The company currently inhabits the gaming market and offers B2C products/services to thousands of customers. This case study follows the cross-functional team from its early inception to the later stages of its progress. This paper draws conclusions for optimal conditions and success factors that allow for cross-functional teams to reach their full potential. Being a case study, this paper is also able to analyze how different contextual factors have implications on how crossfunctional teams operate. In the end, success factors are laid out, both generally and contextually, giving readers insights into the benefits and challenges that go hand-inhand with cross-functional teams at high growth scale-ups. / I en snabbväxande digital ekonomi är möjligheterna för nyetablerade bolag enorma. Efterfrågan efter innovativa och disruptiva produkter har vuxit exponentiellt. I denna miljö existerar det både små start-ups och miljardbolag med tusentals anställda. Någonstans i mitten mellan start-ups och miljardbolag finns det ett bolagsstadie som benämns scale-up. Scale-up kan ses som framgångsrika start-ups som handskas med de utmaningar som kommer med att snabbt växa och samtidigt konkurrera i en tuff marknad. Snabbväxande scale-ups behöver balansera kundernas efterfrågan för innovativa produkter/tjänster samtidigt som eventuella investerare kräver bevis på att företaget har en lönsam affärsmodell. För att uppfylla allt detta krävs det en snabb, innovativ och adaptiv utvecklingsmiljö för företagets produkter och tjänster. Crossfunctional teams är en intressant modell för att hantera några av de utmaningar som scale-ups står inför. Denna studie är en explorativ fall-studie som följer ett cross-functional team på en svensk scale-up i baserad i Stockholmsregionen. Företaget är en leverantör till gamingindustrin och erbjuder B2C produkter och tjänster till tusentals kunder. Dennastudie följer ett cross-functional team från initierandet av teamet och under flera veckors tid. Studien bidrar med slutsatser gällande vilka förutsättningar och framgångsfaktorer som bidrar till att ett cross-functional team kan uppnå sin fulla potential. Denna fall-studie bidrar också med insikter kring hur olika kontextuella faktorer påverkar arbetet för crossfunctional team. Slutligen, presenterar studien olika framgångsfaktorer, både generella och kontextuella för cross-functional teams. Studien bidrar även med insikter gällande de olika fördelarna och utmaningarna som uppkommer om man arbetar med crossfunctional teams.

Black Lives Matter (BLM) has been a concern in the US since 2013, thereby becoming an increasing interest. Several US corporations’ attention has been drawn to BLM due to its radical strategy on social media to facilitate engagements. Research shows that a company's engagement in activism by taking a stance on socio-political issues often records growth. Also, scholars have focused on corporate responses to BLM through the lenses of the implications or intentions of the brand’s engagement. This study, however, analyzes 236 corporate Instagram BLM posts through the lenses of the attributes of their responses. It is assumed that brand responses should be significant in respect to clarity and intentionality. Therefore, to answer the research questions, a five-coding scheme was created. Results suggested that a brand’s frequency of responses to BLM, direct reference to BLM, and response content influence followers’ engagement and speak volumes of their stance while addressing BLM.

[pt] A pandemia da COVID-19 mobilizou as organizações que, no esforço para mitigar a contaminação de seus diversos públicos, adaptaram suas rotinas e processos. No que tange às ações voltadas para seus funcionários e prestadores de serviços, a comunicação interna desempenhou papel fundamental. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a narrativa de comunicação interna da Nissan Motors do Brasil, implementada durante o período de Pandemia. O corpus da análise é constituído por peças de comunicação interna de e-mail marketing, disponibilizadas pela organização, no recorte temporal de janeiro a agosto de 2020. Do ponto de vista metodológico, fez-se uso de ferramentas de análise semiótica, com ênfase nos temas e figuras empregados no discurso em questão. Os resultados da análise apontam mudanças nas narrativas ao longo do período em questão, com destaque para efeitos de sentido de informalidade e flexibilidade. A pesquisa contribui para a reflexão acerca do processo de comunicação interna da empresa ao cotejar o conteúdo da comunicação com ações e rotinas organizacionais. / [en] The COVID-19 pandemic mobilized organizations that, in an effort to mitigate the contamination of their various audiences, adapted their routines and processes. In terms of actions aimed at its employees and service providers, internal communication played a key role. In this context, this dissertation aims to analyze the internal communication narrative of Nissan Motors do Brasil, implemented during the Pandemic period. The corpus of the analysis consists of e-mail marketing pieces, made available by the organization, in the time cut from January to August 2020. From a methodological point of view, we made use of semiotic analysis tools, with emphasis on the themes and figures used in the speech in question. The results of the analysis point to changes in the narratives throughout the period in question, with emphasis on the effects of a sense of informality and flexibility. The research contributes to the reflection about the internal communication process of the company by comparing the communication content with actions and organizational routines.

During its violent spread across the Middle East, the Islamic State of Iraq and Sham (ISIS) amassed both a local and international following in large part due to its usage of emergent media distribution. Beginning in 2014, ISIS’s Ministry of Media published an English-language magazine, Dabiq, disseminating its issues through online platforms. Dabiq and its successor Rumiyah both serve as propagandistic recruitment material for ISIS’s international community as well as broadcasting the message of the jihadist movement to ISIS’s enemies. This study analyzed ISIS’s publications using a qualitative content analysis in order to identify jihadist recruitment strategies through the perspectives of agenda-setting theory, the diffusion of innovations, symbolic convergence theory, and speech codes theory. These communication theories characterize the roles that civilizational conflict, population demographics, narrative themes, and emergent media play in the diffusion of the jihadist movement. This study samples the textual content and imagery of issues of Dabiq and Rumiyah, using thematic analysis to procedurally code the data by recognizing shared characteristics and concepts. The fundamental goal of this study is to gain a greater understanding of the way ISIS, its members, and the jihadist movement communicate their intentions, with the hope of preventing further recruitment and radicalization. The two following research questions drive this study: (1) What themes are present in the ISIS publications of Dabiq and Rumiyah? (2) How do the themes of these publications vary over time?

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