Startups and new businesses are important for the development of technology, the economy, and the society as a whole. To be able to contribute towards this cause, startups need to be able to survive and grow. It is therefore important for startups to understand how they can scale up their business. This led to the purpose of this study: to determine success factors for technological startup companies to increase their scalability. Five areas were identified to have an impact on the scalability of a business, namely; partnerships, cloud computing, modularity, process automation and business model scalability. Within these areas, several subareas were found, which were certain areas of interest within the theory. Together, these subareas helped answer how companies can work with scalability in each area. These areas, and their subareas, went into an analytical model that formed the structure of the empirical and analytical parts of the study. The study is a multicase study, consisting of 15 B2B companies, of varying size and maturity, whom all offered software as a part of their solutions. The study concludes that there are six important factors for succeeding with scalability. An important factor to succeed with scalability is to adopt partnerships, since this will allow for outsourcing, and give access to resources, markets and customers. It is also concluded that cloud computing is a very scalable delivery method, but that it requires certain success factors, such as working with partners, having a customer focus, having the right knowledge internally, and having a standardized product. Further, modularity can enable companies to meet differing customer needs since it increases flexibility, can expand the offer, and make sales easier. The study concludes that process automation increases the efficiency in the company, and can be done through automating a number of processes. Focusing both internally and externally is another important factor for success, by allowing companies to develop a scalable product that is demanded by customers. Lastly, a scalable business model is found to be the final objective, and that it is important to work with the other areas to get there, something that includes trial and error to find what works best for each individual company. The six important factors formed the basis for the recommendations. The study recommend that startups should utilize partnerships and process automation. Startups should also be aware of, and work with, the success factors of cloud computing, use modularity when selling to markets with different customer needs, automate other processes before automating sales, keep customer focus when developing the product, and work actively to become more scalable.

Актуальность темы обусловлена потребностью футбольного клуба «Футбольный Клуб» в автоматизации процессов, протекающих в клубе, для увеличения эффективности работы персонала футбольного клуба, сокращения временных и ресурсных затрат, а также улучшения результатов выступлений команды в различных чемпионатах. Цель работы: автоматизация процессов, протекающих во время спортивной деятельности клуба, путем внедрения системы управления спортивными клубами SAP Sports One. Объектом исследования данной выпускной работы является система управления спортивными клубами SAP Sports One. Предметом исследования является бизнес-процесс прогнозной аналитики предстоящих матчей футбольного клуба. Научная значимость заключается в оценке эффективности использования методологии «Agile» для процесса внедрения системы SAP Sports One с помощью моделей системной динамики. Также в работе было проведено сравнение альтернатив для внедрения через метод анализа иерархий. Практическая значимость заключается в автоматизации процессов, протекающих во время спортивной деятельности клуба, путем внедрения системы управления спортивными клубами SAP Sports One. Также, 2 раздел данной работы может использоваться как методические указания к изучению системы SAP Sports One в различных дисциплинах. Также переход к методологии внедрения «Agile» может быть использован в будущих проектах внедрения. / The relevance of the topic is due to the need of the football club "Football Club" to automate the processes occurring in the club in order to increase the efficiency of the football club's staff, reduce time and resource costs, as well as improve the results of the team's performance in various championships. Purpose of the work: automation of processes occurring during the sports activities of the club by implementing the SAP Sports One sports club management system. The object of study of this graduate work is the SAP Sports One sports club management system. The subject of the study is the business process of predictive analytics for the upcoming matches of a football club. The scientific significance lies in evaluating the effectiveness of using the Agile methodology for the process of implementing the SAP Sports One system using system dynamics models. Also in the work was a comparison of alternatives for implementation through the method of analysis of hierarchies. The practical significance lies in automating the processes occurring during the club's sports activities through the implementation of the SAP Sports One sports club management system. Also, Section 2 of this work can be used as guidelines for studying the SAP Sports One system in various disciplines. Also, the transition to the Agile implementation methodology can be used in future implementation projects.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a growing field that is receiving more and more attention. The technology is complex and there can be many different reasons why an organization chooses to implement an RPA system. This study aims to investigate which organizational effects can occur when implementing an RPA solution in a business. The aim is to gain a clearer understanding of the factors that influence the employees' attitude towards the RPA system. By examining how the implementation has looked, the essay will draw attention to important aspects that may have an impact on how the RPA solution is perceived and accepted within the organization. This study also discusses how the implementation process has affected the employees' trust in the RPA robot.  Implementing an RPA robot can free up time from repetitive tasks for an organization's employees. Therefore, this study also aims to investigate what differences employees have experienced on their work motivation after the implementation. The result shows various aspects that affect the staff's ability to develop and build trust in an RPA robot. In addition to this, the study has found that it is of great importance that the organization's management possesses the ability to convey information and knowledge. Finally, the study has observed differences between employees' experiences of work motivation before and after the implementation.

RPA, robotbaserad processautomatisering, är en mjukvaruteknik som används för att automatisera repetitiva regelbaserade arbetsuppgifter. RPA-tekniken börjar bli vanligare för olika verksamheter att införskaffa. Syftet med denna studie är att designa en mjukvarurobot för en ekonomisk verifikation av kundreturer. För att kunna besvara studiens frågeställning har design science forskning använts, som övergripande är en forskningsmetod med riktlinjer för att utveckla och utvärdera artefakter. Det betyder i stora drag att en blandning av litteraturstudier, kvalitativa intervjuer och kreativa metoder tillämpas beroende på vilket steg i design science processen som bearbetas. En processmodell över det ekonomiska händelseförloppet togs fram genom att analysera svaren från intervjuerna, som genomfördes hos tre olika e-handelsföretag, och litteraturstudierna. Artefakten togs fram med hjälp av verktygen Uipath, Oneup och Gmail. Uipath är ett automatiseringsverktyg för RPA-mjukvarurobotar, Oneup är ett webbaserat ekonomisystem och Gmail är en e-posthanterare. Det teoretiska bidraget denna studie har tagit fram är ett fall som inte tidigare finns beskrivet i litteraturen. RPA används ute i praktiken för ekonomisk hantering men tidigare forskning, som beskriver konkreta metoder och principer för att stödja uppsättningen av RPA-mjukvarurobotar, är få. Det praktiska bidraget som studien har tagit fram är en generell prototyp av en mjukvarurobot för hantering av ekonomisk verifikation av kundreturer. Många fördelar som nämns i teorin har hittats ute i praktiken hos de företag som har intervjuats. Artefakten som har tagits fram har en returhanteringsprocess som går att generalisera men implementeringen är beroende av vilket affärssystem som används. Ett förslag på ny forskning är att undersöka de olika RPA-teknikerna för att ta fram en mer standardiserad lösning. / RPA, Robotic Process Automation, is a software technology that is used to automate repetitive rule-based tasks. The technology of RPA is becoming more common for various businesses to acquire. The purpose of this study is to design a software robot for efficient economical verification of customer returns. To be able to answer the study’s problem statement the method of design science research has been used, which is overall a research method with guidelines for developing and evaluating artifacts. This broadly means that a mixture of literature studies, qualitative interviews and creative methods are applied depending on which step in the design science process is being processed. A process model of the economic course of events was developed through the answers from the interviews, which were conducted at three different e-commerce companies, and from the literature studies. The artifact was developed from using the tools Uipath, Oneup and Gmail. Uipath is an automation tool for software robots, Oneup is a web-based economic system and Gmail is an email handler. The theoretical contribution by this study is that it describes something that has not been described in the previous research yet. The practical contribution is a general prototype that manages the economic verification of customer returns. Many advantages that have been mentioned in the theory have also been found in the three companies that were interviewed. The artifact’s return management process can be generalized. However, the artifact’s implementation is dependent on which system that is used. One suggestion for future research would be to investigate the different RPA-techniques to develop a standardized solution. This bachelor thesis will be written in Swedish.

Studien utforskar hur AI och RPA påverkar revisorernas arbete, hur de ställer sig till teknologiska verktyg, och hur byråerna upplever att verktygen påverkar konkurrensen. En kvalitativ ansats har genomförts genom att intervjua 7 revisorer från olika små och stora revisionsbyråer. Resultaten belyser vikten av att hänga med i den teknologiska utvecklingen för att hålla sig konkurrenskraftig, men att det är viktigt att revisorerna accepterar och ser teknologin som användbar. Studien använder sig av en teoretisk referensram som innehåller två teorier, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) och Task Technology Fit (TTF), samt två centrala begrepp som är Artificiell Intelligens (AI) och Robotic Process Automation (RPA), där ramverket sammanfattas med en egen framtagen analysmodell, figur 2. Resultaten visar genom studiens respondenter, som representerar olika byråer inom revisionsbranschen att byråerna upplever konkurrensfördel vid användandet av verktygen jämfört med om de inte hade använt dem. / The study explores how AI and RPA affect the work of accountants, how they approach technological tools, and how the agencies perceive the tools to influence the competition. A qualitative approach has been implemented by interviewing 7 auditors from various small and large audit firms. The results highlight the importance of keeping up with technological developments to remain competitive, but that it is important that auditors accept and see the technology as useful. The study uses a theoretical frame of reference that contains two theories, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Task Technology Fit (TTF), as well as two central concepts which are Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotic Process Automation (RPA), where the framework is summarized with a proprietary analysis model, figure 2. The results show through the study`s respondents, who represent various firms within the auditing industry, that the firms perceive a competitive advantage when using the tool compared to if they had not used them.

Studien undersöker effekterna av automatisering på revisionsyrket. Automatiseringstekniken Robotic Process Automation har varit snabbt framväxande inom finansbranschen de senaste åren och är därför relevant att undersöka. Automatiseringsteknikens påverkan har studerats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer där respondenterna antingen är revisorer som har erfarenhet av yrket både före och efter implementering eller respondenter som arbetar på revisionsbyråer i direkt kontakt med revisorer för utveckling av RPA-processer. Resultatet visar att automatisering av revisionsyrket är ett faktum och att revisionsbyråer bör följa den teknologiska utvecklingen för att vara konkurrenskraftiga på den tävlingsinriktade arbetsmarknaden. Arbetsuppgifterna inom revisionsyrket har knappt förändrats givet automatiseringen utan det handlar snarare om att sättet som arbetsuppgifterna utförs på har förändrats. Genom diverse digitala verktyg och system som implementeras kontinuerligt försöker revisorerna utföra de traditionella arbetsuppgifterna. Slutsatsen är att revisionsbranschen är under kontinuerlig förändring och att revisorer påverkas i form av förändrade arbetssätt i dagsläget medan andra yrkestitlar inom revisionsyrket eventuellt kan påverkas i större utsträckning. / This study explores the effects caused by automation on the auditing profession. The automatization technology Robotic Process Automation has been rapidly emerging within the financial industry in recent years and is therefore relevant to study. The impact of the automatization technology has been studied through semi-structured interviews where the respondents were either accountants who had experience in the profession both before and after the implementation or respondents who work at accounting firms indirect contact with accountants for development of RPA-processes. The results show that automation of the audit profession is a fact and that auditing firms should follow the technological development to be competitive. The tasks within the auditing profession have barely changed because of the automation but the change is rather affecting the way the tasks are performed. Accountants try to perform traditional tasks through various digital systems and tools. The conclusion is that the auditing industry is under continuous change and that accountants are only affected by changed working methods as of now, whilst other personnel within the auditing profession might be affected to a greater extent

Den ökade datakraften och digitaliseringen av arbete har bidragit till möjligheten att automatisera processer. En metod för att automatisera processer är med Robotic Process Automation (RPA), vilket utför regelstyrda uppgifter baserat på detaljerade processbeskrivningar. Användningen av RPA blir allt vanligare inom den offentliga sektorn. Ett exempel på detta är Trafikverket som infört RPA för att automatisera processer med målet att frigöra tid för medarbetare. Denna studie har undersökt vad Trafikverkets införande och användning av RPA har inneburit för den digitala arbetsmiljön. Studien har undersökt detta genom att genomföra intervjuer med medarbetare som påverkats till följd av införandet och användning av RPA eller varit delaktig i införandet av RPA-lösningen. Studiens bidrag skapar en ökad förståelse för vad införandet och användandet av RPA har för konsekvenser på digital arbetsmiljö i organisationer i den offentliga sektorn genom att presentera tre konsekvenser. Studien visar att användningen av RPA kan resultera i en initial oro och en upplevd minskad anställningstrygghet bland medarbetarnas. Nya arbetsuppgifter kan uppstå till följd av införandet av RPA, dessa kan upplevas som monotona och irritationsmoment av medarbetarna. Slutligen kan det innebära att medarbetare får mer tid till varierande och kvalificerade arbetsuppgifter med möjlighet till kompetensutveckling. Detta resulterar i att medarbetarna uttrycker en ökad förändringsbenägenhet gentemot fortsatt automatisering med RPA.

To classify is human. Whether intentionally or not, we classify the world around us, though not all classification has the same level of impact. Throughout history and well into modern day, classification of people, from the apartheid regime in South Africa to gender classification of trans people, has had significant and sometimes devastating impact on individuals. This bachelor thesis examines the views of developers and recruiters regarding automatic classification of CVs within recruitment, and how these differ. Nine interviews with twelve informants – three developers and nine recruiters – form the empirical base of the thesis. A thematical analysis is applied and the results are presented in relation to the everyday consequences in Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star’s (1999) theoretical perspective. Three main topics are discerned as common themes in the interviews: time saving, precision, and reliability. The differing focus on each theme in the respective professions is further discussed. The width of the study does not allow for a generalised view of the opinions of each profession but provides an interesting starting point for further studies within the field.

<p>Prevencija u osiguranju motornih vozila postaje permanentan proces, koji se usavršava i nadograđuje. Povećan rizik prevara u osiguranju zahteva automatizaciju procesa osiguranja i procene šteta na motornim vozilima, kao i modelovanje samog procesa uz određen nivo razmene podataka. Funkcionisanje celokupnog sistema zavisi od definisanja elemenata koji dovode do povećanog rizika prevara u osiguranju motornih vozila. Uspostavljanje procesa automatizacije će takve rizike umanjiti i ublažiti a ujedno povećati i obim osiguranja. Na bazi dobijenih podataka će biti omogućeno filtriranje i blagovremena automatska selekcija a sistem primenjiv u osiguranju.</p> / <p>Prevention in motor insurance becomes a permanent process, which is<br />improved and upgraded. Increased risk of fraud in insurance claims process<br />automation and security assessments of damage to motor vehicles, as well<br />as the modeling of the process with a certain level of data exchange. The<br />functioning of the entire system depends on the definition of the elements<br />that lead to an increased risk of fraud in motor insurance. Establishment of<br />process automation will reduce such risks and also increase insurance<br />coverage. Based on the obtained data will be able to filter and timely<br />automatic selection and the system will be able to be effective in insurance.</p>

As the Internet has become increasingly important for people and for businesses that rely on it to create revenue, Internet unavailability can have major consequences. A common cause to unavailability is performance related problems. In order to evade such problems, the system’s quality characteristics in terms of performance need to be evaluated, which is commonly done with performance testing. When performance tests are conducted, the system under test is driven by an artificial workload or a sample of its natural workload while performance related metrics are measured. The workload is a very important aspect of performance testing, proved by measured performance metrics being directly dependent on the workload processed by the system under test. In order to conduct performance tests with representative workloads, the concept of workload modelling should be considered. Workload models attempt to model all relevant features of the workload experienced by a system within a given period of time. A workload model is created by set of consecutive activities that together constitute a process. This explorative feasibility study focuses on exploring, describing and evaluating the feasibility of a tool for automating the process of modelling Web server workloads for performance testing. A literature review was conducted in this student thesis, from which a research model was developed that describes the key factors in the process of modelling Web server workloads for performance testing, the relationships between these factors and their variables. The key factors constitute of four sub-processes and the relationships between them are the sequence flow, i.e. the order of events in the process. The process is initiated by the sub-process Establish Workload Data, where the workload data are retrieved and sanitised. The workload data are then categorised in homogeneous groups called workload entities, which is done in the Identify Workload Entities sub-process. Each workload entity has some associated workload attributes that are identified in the Identify Workload Attributes sub-process. In the last sub-process, Represent Workload, statistical methods, such as standard deviation and arithmetic mean, are applied in order to represent the workload in graphs and tables. Based on the research model and in order to evaluate the feasibility of a tool, a prototype was developed. The feasibility was evaluated through analysis of the primary empirical data, collected from an interview with a field expert who had tested the prototype. The analysis indicated that developing a tool for automating the process of modelling Web server workloads for performance testing is indeed feasible, although some aspects should be addressed if such a tool was to be realised. Analysis implied that an important aspect of modelling Web server workloads for performance testing is that the modeller must be in controller of what is being modelled. The prototype that was developed is highly static, i.e. it is not possible to create customised workload models. Therefore, if the tool is going to be realised, functionality for customising workload models should be added to the tool. Another important aspect that should be addressed if the tool is going to be realised is graphical representation of multiple workload attributes. The analysis indicated that there might be correlations between workload attributes. It is therefore important to be able to graphically represent multiple workload attributes together so that such correlations can be identified.