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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Estudo da estabilizaçãp da polpa de camu-camu (Myrciaria Dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) congelada visando a manutenção de acido ascorbico e de antocianinas / Study of the stabilization of frozen camu-camu pulp (Myrciaria Dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) in relation the maintance of ascorbic acid and anthocyanins

Arevalo Pinedo, Rosalinda 07 December 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Theo Guenter Kieckbusch / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T04:51:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArevaloPinedo_Rosalinda_D.pdf: 3841505 bytes, checksum: 987df7ba80c53494220bc4f2bef0e73a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia H.B.K.) é uma fruta nativa da região Amazônica que apresenta um elevado teor de ácido ascórbico e de antocianinas. O presente estudo investigou o processo de conservação por congelamento da polpa de camu-camu cultivada no Estado de São Paulo visando a manutenção de fatores de qualidade. Frutos do camu-camu foram submetidos a uma inativação enzimática por imersão em água em ebulição por 60, 90, 120 e 180 segundos seguida de esfriamento em água gelada. O tempo limite para manter a integridade do pericarpo foi 120 segundos e nestas condições houve um enriquecimento da polpa com ácido ascórbico extraído da casca, no despolpamento. Polpas tratadas por 30, 60 e 120 segundos e polpa não-inativada foram armazenadas por 180 dias a temperaturas de 5oC, -10oC e ¿20oC. O tratamento por 120 segundos manteve os mais altos níveis de ácido ascórbico em todas as situações. O armazenamento a ¿20oC manteve por pelo menos 135 dias o conteúdo inicial de ácido ascórbico, independentemente da intensidade da inativação térmica. Polpas inativadas por 120 segundos receberam crio-protetores (15% de goma arábica, 20% de maltodextrina DE 10 e 25% de sacarose) e juntamente com polpa sem aditivos foram submetidas às mesmas condições de armazenamento descritas anteriormente. O comportamento da conservação de ácido ascórbico foi semelhante as das polpas não-aditivadas. A degradação de antocianinas é alta e ocorre nos primeiros 50 dias de armazenamento. Na estocagem a ¿20oC a retenção foi em torno de 40% de sua concentração inicial, independentemente do tipo de crio-protetor usado. A cor vermelha refletida não sofreu alteração após 180 dias a ¿20ºC, mostrou uma leve descoloração á -10oC, que foi mais intensa a 5oC. O conteúdo de sólidos solúveis, o pH e a acidez sofreram alteração negligível em todos os ensaios de armazenamento realizados. O estudo foi complementado com um levantamento do comportamento reológico dos produtos, a determinação da condutividade térmica do produto congelado e a Temperatura de Início de Congelamento e o levantamento de termogramas em DSC que permitiram determinar a Temperatura de Transição Vítrea, a Temperatura de Início de Fusão e a Entalpia de Fusão. Os resultados recomendam o armazenamento á ¿20oC por preservar a maior parte dos fatores de qualidade da polpa de camu-camu por um longo período, independentemente do tipo de pré-tratamento ou de adição de crio-protetores / Abstract: Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia H.B.K.) is a fruit native to the Amazon Region, with very high ascorbic acid and anthocyanin contents. This investigation considers the freezing of camu-camu cultivated in the State of São Paulo during storage, as means of preserving these quality factors. Camu-camu fruits were submitted to enzymatic inactivation by immersion in boiling water for 60, 90, 120 and 180 seconds followed cooling in ice water. The intensity limit that maintained the integrity of the pericarp was 120s, and wider these conditions the ascorbic acid of the was enhanced during pulping, due to transference from the peel to the pulp. Pulps blanched for 30, 60 and 120 seconds, as well as untreated pulp were stored for 6 months at 5ºC, -10ºC and -20ºC. The pulp treated for 120s showed the highest retention of ascorbic acid content under ¿20ºC storage, all samples retained the initial ascorbic acid content for at least 135 days. Cryoprotectants were added to pulp blanched for 120 seconds (20% maltodextrin DE 10, 15% gum Arabic or 25% sucrose) and together with national pulp containing no additives, were submitted to the same storage conditions as previously. Ascorbic acid retention followed the same trend in all samples. High degradation of the anthocyanins was detected during the first 50 days of storage. Under ¿20ºC storage, only 40% of the initial content was retained, independent of the cryoprotectant used. The reflected red color did not change after 180 days at ¿20ºC, faded lightly at ¿10ºC and ever more so at 5ºC. The soluble solids content, pH and acidity underwent negligible variation during all storage tests. This research was complemented with the measurement of the rheological behavior of the products, the determination of the thermal conductivity of the frozen products and the Initial Freezing Temperature. DSC thermograms allowed the determination of the Glass Transition Temperature, the Initial Melting Temperature and the Melting Enthalpy. The results recommend storage at ¿20°C in order to maintain most of the quality factors of the camu-camu pulp for a long period, independent of the pretreatment and of the addition of cryo-protectants / Doutorado / Engenharia de Processos / Doutor em Engenharia Química
32

O consumo de energia no setor de papel e celulose e impactos na agricultura / Energy consumption within the paper and pulp sectors and its impacts on the agriculture

Comitre, Valeria 15 March 1999 (has links)
Orientadores: Archimedes Perez Filho, Gilberto de Martino Jannuzzi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T11:02:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Comitre_Valeria_D.pdf: 5581255 bytes, checksum: 8048fa0f6041c0546a82a6d6834fde86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o consumo de energia do setor de papel e celulose do Estado de São Paulo frente à expectativa de demanda da indústria para o ano 2005, bem como a substituição do óleo combustível pela lenha no processo de produção industrial e, os impactos dela decorrentes sobre a agricultura e o setor florestal, do ponto de vista econômico, social e ambiental. O suporte metodológico baseou-se no instrumental do planejamento energético e na construção de cenários para um horizonte temporal de dez anos, compreendendo o período 1995-2005. Os resultados das projeções do consumo de energia para o setor em 2005 e a análise do potencial econômico da substituição entre os energéticos, mostraram que o modelo utilizado representa um instrumental importante e consistente para análises prospectivas. Para a indústria, os consumos de energia projetados responderam satisfatoriamente às expectativas de aumento da produção de papel e celulose para suprir a demanda interna e das exportações. A análise econômica demonstrou os benefícios de se promover a substituição do óleo combustível pela lenha dos próprios reflorestamentos do setor devido à economia de custos. A substituição mostrou-se ainda, ser uma medida de conservação dos recursos naturais, mediante a economia de energia primária, fonte estratégica dentro do atual modelo de desenvolvimento sócio-econômico. Os impactos no setor agrícola decorrentes da ampliação das áreas reflorestadas, necessárias à expansão do setor, levam à intensificação do deslocamento de determinadas culturas. Em relação à ocupação da força de trabalho tem-se uma redução, embora pequena, da demanda pela mão-de-obra agrícola, ou seja, de restrição da oferta de emprego / Abstract: The main goal of this study is to evaluate the energy consumption within the paper and pulp sectors in São Paulo State. Were considered in this study the industry' s expected demands towards the year 2005, the replacement of oil by timber in the industrial production process, and its impact on agriculture and forestry sectors under the economical, social and environmental points of view. The methodology was based on instrumentaIs for energetic planing and scenarios for the period of 1995-2005. The results for the energy consumption projected for the year 2005, and the economic potential analysis of the replacement among the energetic materiaIs, show that the used model represents an important and consistent tool for prospective analysis. For the industries the energy consumption had satisfactory answers to the paper and pulp production growth, expected to satisfy internal as well as external demands. The economical analysis shows the benefit in promoting substitution of oi! by timber produced within the sector, due to the economy in costs. This replacement has shown to be a good measure for natural resources conservation, once it promotes economy of primary energy, a strategic resource in the present social-economic development model. The impacts on the agricultural sector resulted from the increase in forested areas, necessary to the sector's expansion, lead to the increase in changes of areas previously occupied by some crops. Considering the use of working force, there is a slight reduction on the demand for agricultural labour, i.e., a restriction on job offers / Doutorado / Doutor em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
33

Dataskyddsförordningens tillämplighet vid personuppgiftshantering i molntjänster : En studie av Dataskyddsförordningen, utifrån perspektivet användande av molntjänster / The applicability of the General Data Protection Regulation when processing personal data in cloud services : A study of the General Data Protection Regulation, from the perspective of the use of cloud services

Johnsson, Lovisa January 2017 (has links)
För att förbättra säkerhetsarbetet och för att skapa harmonisering inom EU vad gäller skydd av personuppgifter antogs i april år 2016 en ny EU-förordning om dataskydd, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), även benämnd Dataskyddsförordningen. Förordningen börjar gälla som lag i Sverige först den 25 maj år 2018. Införandet av förordningen kommer innebära att Europaparlamentets och rådets direktiv 95/46/EG av den 24 oktober 1995 om skydd för enskilda personer med avseende på behandling av personuppgifter och om det fria flödet av sådana uppgifter samt Personuppgiftslagen (1998:204) (PUL) upphör att gälla. Det huvudsakliga syftet med Dataskyddsförordningen är att ytterligare harmonisera och effektivisera skyddet av personuppgifter för att förbättra den inre marknadens funktion samt att öka den enskildas kontroll över sina personuppgifter. Dataskyddsförordningen är direkt tillämplig som lag i samtliga medlemsländer och kommer efter ikraftträdande utgöra grunden för generell personuppgiftsbehandling inom hela EU.  Det har under de senaste åren blivit allt mer vanligt att företag, organisationer, kommuner och myndigheter använder sig av molntjänster. Molntjänster är intressanta ur ett juridiskt perspektiv eftersom de mest uppmärksammade juridiska frågeställningarna angående molntjänster är frågor hänförliga till hantering av personuppgifter och säkerhet.   I uppsatsen redogörs för införandet av Dataskyddsförordningen (GDPR) utifrån perspektivet företags, organisationer, kommuners och myndigheters användande av molntjänster. I uppsatsen beskrivs även molntjänsters funktioner och egenskaper. Dataskyddsförordningen är nyligen antagen och utgör ännu inte svensk lag, förordningen baseras däremot i stora delar på Dataskyddsdirektivets innehåll och struktur. Dataskyddsdirektivet och PUL studeras därför i uppsatsen för att få en förståelse för bestämmelserna i Dataskyddsförordningen. Molntjänster finns i flera olika tekniska lösningar och är även gränsöverskridande, vilket innebär att användande av molntjänster i vissa fall innebär att personuppgifter överförs till ett tredje land. Uppsatsen behandlar därmed tillämpliga bestämmelser avseende överföringar av personuppgifter till tredje land. Uppsatsen avslutas med en analys och en slutsats. I slutsatsen konstateras att förordningen ger ett förstärkt skydd för den registrerade vid hantering av personuppgifter i molntjänster samt att förordningens utökade territoriella tillämpningsområde innebär att förordningen är bättre anpassad till molntjänstanvändande. Vidare konstateras i slutsatsen att rättsläget för överföringar av personuppgifter till USA med stöd av Privacy Shield-överenskommelsen för närvarande är osäkert.
34

Utilização de microesferas de poli (L-acido-latico) contendo medicamento no tratamento de perda do tecido dental / Use of microspheres of poly (L-lactide acid) contends medication in the treatment of loss of the tissue dental

Bernatavicius, Sergio Tadeu 09 January 2004 (has links)
Orientador : Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duek / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T01:54:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bernatavicius_SergioTadeu_M.pdf: 9386061 bytes, checksum: 9e736c52e1042de3187574f10e183c68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Um dos pontos que deve ser considerado de difícil solução no Brasil, é a perda dentinária. Vários materiais tem sido estudados para minimizar o problema, mas nenhum atende às necessidades de tal aplicação. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente avaliar a biocompatibilidade do Poli (L-ácido-Iático), PLLA, contendo vancomicina e piroxicam no tratamento de grandes perdas de dentina onde pode ou não ocorrer a exposição da polpa dental, casos onde a exposição leva ao tratamento endodontico ou exodontia. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos in vivo em coelhos e humanos, ambos aprovados pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Campinas parecer número 490/2003.Os estudos em coelhos foram realizados utilizando-se de um modelo experimental onde foi implantado as microesferas contendo medicamento nos incisivos centrais e após 20, 40, e 60 dias os dentes foram cortados e submetidos à análise histológica. Após 20 dias de implante, verificou-se regiões centrais de hipocalcificações em relação ao implante e formação de pontos de dentina. Não foi localizado processo inflamatório em função da utilização dos medicamentos. Após 40 dias verificou-se a que a calcificação começa por áreas globulosas que crescem e se fundem, porém o processo muitas vezes é imperfeito, resultando áreas de matriz orgânica não calcificada; são as áreas interglobulares. Após 60 dias, verificou-se a formação de tecido de normalidade o que demonstra a eficácia das microesferas com medicamento como material reparador. A análise in vivo em humanos se fez necessária para avaliar a resposta frente à aplicação do material, seu efeito antiinflamatório e analgésico em casos de exposição pulpar e grande perda dentinária, além da avaliação do retomo da função ao elemento dental, ou seja, controle da dor e possibilidade de mastigação normal. Observou-se após 60 dias que todos os pacientes implantados não apresentaram dor a nenhum dos testes realizados e mantinham a vitalidade pulpar, as microesferas com medicamento aqui também se mostraram eficazes no controle antiinflamatório e infeccioso. O estudo in vivo indicou que as microesferas de PLLA contendo vancomicina e piroxicam apresentam grande potencial para serem utilizadas para aplicação em questão, já que o material favorece a formação de uma neodentina e controla os processos inflamatório e infeccioso / Abstract: One of the points that it should be considered of difficult solution in Brazil, is the loss dentine. Several materials have been studied to minimize the problem, but none assists to the needs of such application. In that sense, the objective of the present to evaluate the biocompatibility of the Poly (L-lactide acid), PLLA, contends vancomicina and piroxicam in the treatment of great dentin losses where cannot or not to happen the exhibition of the dental pulp, cases where the exhibition takes to the treatment endodontic or exodontia. For so much, studies in was accomplished In vivo in rabbits and humans, both approved by the Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Campinas to seem number 490/2003. The studies in rabbits were accomplished being used of an experimental model where it was implanted the microesferas contends medication in the incisive central and after 20, 40, and 60 days the teeth were cut and submitted to the analysis histological. After 20 days of it implants, it was verified central areas of hipocalcification in relation to the it implants and formation of dentin points. Inflammatory process was not located in function of the use of the medications. After 40 days the one was verified that the calcification begins for areas interglobules that grow and they are founded, even so the process a lot of times it is imperfect, not resulting areas of organic matrix not calcified; they are the areas interglobules. After 60 days, the formation of normality tissue was verified that demonstrates the effectiveness of the microspheres with medication as reparative material. The analysis in vivo in humans if made necessary to evaluate the answer front to the application of the material, its effect antiinflammatory and analgesic in cases of exhibition pulp and great loss dentine, besides the evaluation of the return of the function to the dental element, that is to say, control ofthe pain and possibility of normal mastication. It was observed after 60 days that ali the implanted patients didn't present pain to none of the accomplished tests and they maintained the vitality pulpar, the microspheres with medication here was shown also effective in the control antiinflammatory and infectious. The study in vivo it indicated that the microspheres of PLLA contends vancomicina and piroxicam they present great potential for they be used for application in subject, since the material favors the formation of a neodentine and it controls the inflammatory and infectious processes / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
35

Personuppgiftslagens efterlevnad i samband med IT-övervakning : En studie av medelstora callcenterverksamheter

Eklund, Per, Forsman, Olof January 2010 (has links)
<p>I Datainspektionens rapporter 2003:3 och 2005:3 har myndigheten granskat hur personuppgifter behandlas i samband med arbetsgivares övervakning av anställda. Resultaten av dessa rapporter har visat på förekommande brister i förhållande till personuppgiftslagen i många av de granskade verksamheterna.</p><p>Mot denna bakgrund har en fallstudie av ett medelstort callcenterföretag genomförts för att ur ett tekniskt perspektiv undersöka hur väl personuppgiftslagen följs i samband med företagets övervakning av sin personal. Utifrån brister identifierade i fallstudien har en mindre kartläggning av liknande företag genomförts i ett försök att mäta graden av generaliserbarhet i de identifierade bristerna.</p><p>De brister som har identifierats i fallstudien rör i första hand otillfredsställande rutiner för gallring av personuppgifter vid e-postövervakning samt avsaknad av information till de anställda om vilka kontroller som sker i samband med detta. Behov av en uppdatering av företagets IT-policy samt ett behov av en övervakningslösning för personalens internetanvändande kunde också noteras.</p><p>Kartläggningen har givit antydningar om att liknande brister vad gäller rutiner för gallring samt bristande information kan tänkas förekomma även hos andra medelstora callcenterföretag.</p><p>Slutsatsen av arbetet är att flera av de brister som uppdagades av Datainspektionen för fem år sedan tycks göra sig gällande bland vissa medelstora callcenterföretag även idag.</p> / <p>In the 2003:3 and 2005:3 reports issued by the Swedish Data Inspection Board, the authority examined the treatment of personal data related to employer surveillance of employees. The reports indicated flaws occurring in regard to the Personal Data Act in several of the examined businesses.</p><p>In reference to this, a case study of a mid-sized call center was conducted to examine, from a technical point of view, the degree of compliance with the Personal Data Act regarding the company's surveillance of its employees. Based upon flaws found in the case study, a minor survey of similar companies was conducted in an attempt to measure the degree of generalizability of the identified flaws.</p><p>The flaws identified in the case study are mainly related to unsatisfactory routines for sorting out personal data during e-mail surveillance and lack of information given to employees about the conducting of checks related to this. A need to update the company's corporate IT policy and a need for a web surveillance solution were also noted.</p><p>The survey has indicated that similar flaws regarding screening routines and lack of information also might occur at other mid-sized call center companies.</p><p>The conclusion of the study is that several of the flaws the Swedish Data Inspection Board discovered five years ago still seem to be applicable among some mid-sized call center companies.</p>
36

Desenvolvimento de suco de abacaxi (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) atraves da tecnologia de alta pressão hidrostatica aplicada a polpa do fruto / Pineapple juice (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) development using high hydrostatic pressure applied to the fruit puree

Marcellini, Aline Mota de Barros 02 March 2006 (has links)
Orientadores: Helena Maria Andre Bolini, Rosires Deliza / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T19:13:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcellini_AlineMotadeBarros_M.pdf: 1250175 bytes, checksum: dbebba72665ad354430068a9e091ff20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O abacaxi é uma fruta apreciada em todo mundo, devido às suas distintas características sensoriais, podendo ser consumido ¿in natura¿ ou processado de diversas maneiras, sendo o suco a forma de processamento mais popular. O Brasil é o quarto maior produtor mundial de abacaxi, e nos cinco últimos anos a exportação do suco da fruta aumentou cerca de sete vezes. Associado à produção deste está o tratamento térmico, que afeta a qualidade sensorial, produzindo alterações desagradáveis ao produto. Nos últimos anos, os consumidores têm procurado por alimentos que mantenham as características sensoriais e nutricionais do produto, aliado à garantia da segurança microbiológica. A Alta Pressão Hidrostática (APH) é uma tecnologia inovadora, capaz de inativar microorganismos patogênicos e deteriorantes, enquanto minimiza a perda da qualidade sensorial e nutricional do alimento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo processar suco de abacaxi (Ananás comosus (L.) Merril, variedade Smooth Cayenne) através da tecnologia de APH aplicada à polpa do fruto e avaliar as características microbiológicas, sensoriais e a aceitabilidade do produto obtido. Os dados foram analisados através da Análise de Variância (ANOVA), testes de médias de Tukey, Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), Mapa Interno da Preferência, ¿Cluster Analysis¿, bem como Mapa Externo da Preferência utilizando o programa estatístico SAS e XLSAT. O processamento a APH da polpa de abacaxi por 300MPa e 5 min à 25oC, demonstrou ser eficaz para a produção de polpa com vida útil de 14 dias, estando de acordo com os parâmetros determinados pela legislação brasileira. Os resultados obtidos na determinação de concentração de polpa e doçura ¿ideais¿ para a formulação do suco de abacaxi foram 56,5% e 7,0%, respectivamente. A Análise Descritiva Quantitativa demostrou a similaridade sensorial entre as amostras de suco de abacaxi obtida através da polpa ¿in natura¿ e da polpa tratada por APH (300MPa/5 min/25oC) e que de forma geral, possuem diferença significativa (p<0,05) das amostras comerciais estudadas. Os atributos sabor de suco de abacaxi natural, cor característica de suco de abacaxi natural, aroma característico de suco de abacaxi natural, consistência e presença de fibras visual e percebida na boca apresentaram maior importância para a caracterização dos produtos obtidos através da polpa ¿in natura¿ e da polpa tratada por APH (300MPa /5 min/ 25oC). O teste de aceitação comprovou que as amostras de suco de abacaxi obtidas através da polpa ¿in natura¿ e da polpa tratada por APH (300MPa/5 min/25oC), apresentaram aceitação significativamente (p<0,05) superior às amostras comerciais avaliadas, e sem diferença (p<0,05) entre si, sendo preferidas por segmentos específicos de consumidores. Os atributos que apresentaram maior importância na caracterização dos produtos obtidos através da polpa ¿in natura¿ e da polpa tratada por APH (300MPa/5 min/25oC) dirigiram a preferência de alguns segmentos de consumidores / Abstract: Pineapple is a well appreciated fruit worldwide due to its distinct sensory characteristics, to be consumed ¿in natura¿ or processed in many different ways, juice being the most popular industrialized product. Brazil is the fourth world pineapple producer, presenting a seven fold increase in pineapple juice exportation in the last five years. Thermal treatment associated to juice production affects its sensory quality, resulting in unacceptable changes in the industrialized product. Nowadays consumers are searching for Technologies which preserve nutritional and sensory characteristics of food, as well as guarantee its microbiological safety. High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) is an innovative technology capable of inactivating pathogenic and deteriorative microorganisms while minimizing loss of sensory and nutritional product quality. The objectives of this study were to process pineapple juice (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril, Smooth Cayenne variety) through HHP technology applied to the fruit puree and to investigate the microbiological and sensory characteristics of the obtained juice, as well as its acceptability. Data were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); Tukey¿s mean tests; Principal Components Analysis (PCA); Internal Preference Mapping; Cluster Analysis, as well as External Preference Mapping, using statistical programs as SAS and XLSTAT. HHP processing of pineapple puree at 300 MPa for 5 minutes at 25ºC resulted in the production of pineapple puree with a shelf-life of 14 days, in accordance to microbiological parameters established by Brazilian Legislation. Results found in the determination of ideal pineapple puree concentration and ideal sweetness for pineapple juice formulation were 56.5% and 7.0%, respectively. Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) revealed a sensory similarity between the pineapple juice samples obtained from the utilization of ¿in natura¿ puree and of HHP treated puree (300MPa/5min/25ºC), both showing a statistically significant difference (p<0,05) compared to the commercial pineapple juice samples evaluated in this study. The following sensory attributes: natural pineapple juice flavor; characteristic natural pineapple juice color; characteristic natural pineapple juice aroma; consistency and visual and mouth-perceived fiber presence were considered the most important concerning the sensory characterization of both juices obtained from the utilization of ¿in natura¿ puree and of HHP treated puree (300MPa/5min/25ºC). The acceptance test established that the pineapple samples obtained from the utilization of ¿in natura¿ puree and of HHP treated puree (300MPa/5min/25ºC) showed higher statistically significant acceptance (p<0,05) in relation to the evaluated commercial samples, bearing no statistical significant difference (p<0,05) between them; each one being preferred by specific consumer segments. The sensory attributes which mostly contributed to the characterization of pineapple juices obtained from the utilization of ¿in natura¿ puree and of HHP treated puree (300MPa/5min/25ºC) drove the preference in some consumer segments / Mestrado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição
37

Personuppgiftslagens efterlevnad i samband med IT-övervakning : En studie av medelstora callcenterverksamheter

Eklund, Per, Forsman, Olof January 2010 (has links)
I Datainspektionens rapporter 2003:3 och 2005:3 har myndigheten granskat hur personuppgifter behandlas i samband med arbetsgivares övervakning av anställda. Resultaten av dessa rapporter har visat på förekommande brister i förhållande till personuppgiftslagen i många av de granskade verksamheterna. Mot denna bakgrund har en fallstudie av ett medelstort callcenterföretag genomförts för att ur ett tekniskt perspektiv undersöka hur väl personuppgiftslagen följs i samband med företagets övervakning av sin personal. Utifrån brister identifierade i fallstudien har en mindre kartläggning av liknande företag genomförts i ett försök att mäta graden av generaliserbarhet i de identifierade bristerna. De brister som har identifierats i fallstudien rör i första hand otillfredsställande rutiner för gallring av personuppgifter vid e-postövervakning samt avsaknad av information till de anställda om vilka kontroller som sker i samband med detta. Behov av en uppdatering av företagets IT-policy samt ett behov av en övervakningslösning för personalens internetanvändande kunde också noteras. Kartläggningen har givit antydningar om att liknande brister vad gäller rutiner för gallring samt bristande information kan tänkas förekomma även hos andra medelstora callcenterföretag. Slutsatsen av arbetet är att flera av de brister som uppdagades av Datainspektionen för fem år sedan tycks göra sig gällande bland vissa medelstora callcenterföretag även idag. / In the 2003:3 and 2005:3 reports issued by the Swedish Data Inspection Board, the authority examined the treatment of personal data related to employer surveillance of employees. The reports indicated flaws occurring in regard to the Personal Data Act in several of the examined businesses. In reference to this, a case study of a mid-sized call center was conducted to examine, from a technical point of view, the degree of compliance with the Personal Data Act regarding the company's surveillance of its employees. Based upon flaws found in the case study, a minor survey of similar companies was conducted in an attempt to measure the degree of generalizability of the identified flaws. The flaws identified in the case study are mainly related to unsatisfactory routines for sorting out personal data during e-mail surveillance and lack of information given to employees about the conducting of checks related to this. A need to update the company's corporate IT policy and a need for a web surveillance solution were also noted. The survey has indicated that similar flaws regarding screening routines and lack of information also might occur at other mid-sized call center companies. The conclusion of the study is that several of the flaws the Swedish Data Inspection Board discovered five years ago still seem to be applicable among some mid-sized call center companies.
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The EU General Data Protection Regulations and their consequences on computer system design / EUs allmänna dataskyddsförordning och dess konsekvenser för programsystemteknik

Magnusson, Wilhelm January 2017 (has links)
As of writing this thesis, the EU’s new data protection laws (GDPR) will start to apply within one year. The new regulations are poorly understood by many and rumours of varying accuracy are circling the IT industry. This thesis takes a look at the parts of the GDPR concerning system design and architecture, clarifying what they mean and their consequences for system design. The new regulations are compared to the old data protection laws (Directive 95/46/EC), showing how companies must alter their computer systems in order to adapt. Using evaluations of the old data protection laws predictions are made for how the GDPR will affect the IT industry going forward. One of the more important questions are what tools are available for companies when adapting to privacy protection regulations and threats. This thesis aims to identify the most common processes for this kind of system modification and compare their effectiveness in relation to the GDPR. / Vid framställningen av denna avhandling är det mindre än ett år innan EUs nya dataskyddsförordning (GDPR) träder i kraft. Många har bristande förståelse av de nya förordningarna och rykten av varierande korrekthet cirkulerar inom IT industrin. Denna avhandling utför en kritisk undersökning utav de delar inom GDPR som berör system design och arkitektur och beskriver dess innebörd för system design. De nya lagarna jämförs med de föregående dataskyddslagarna (Direktiv 95/46/EC) för att påvisa de modifikationer som kommer krävas för att anpassa datorsystem till de nya förordningarna. Genom att undersöka de äldre dataskyddslagarnas effekt på industrin görs även förutsägelser kring hur GDPR kommer påverka IT industrin inom den närmaste framtiden. Än av de intressantare frågorna är vilka metoder som finns tillgängliga för att underlätta systemanpassningar relaterade till dataskyddsförordningar. Denna avhandling syftar att identifiera de mest etablerade av dessa typer av processer och jämföra deras lämplighet i förhållande till GDPR.
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Des odeurs pour protéger les cultures : utilisation de composés volatils pour modifier le comportement de la mouche du chou, Delia radicum et de ses ennemis naturels / Crop protection with plant odors : behavioural maipulation of the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum, and natural enemies based on volatil organic compounds

Kergunteuil, Alan 28 November 2013 (has links)
Les recherches menées au cours des dernières années ont permis de mettre en évidence les nombreuses fonctions écologiques des composés organiques volatils (COVs) émis par les plantes. Cette thèse a eu pour objectif d'utiliser ces connaissances dans un cadre de protection des cultures. Nous avons essayé de poser les bases d'une stratégie de type « Push-Pull » contre la mouche du chou (Delia radicum) en utilisant des sources d'odeurs synthétiques (diffuseurs de COVs) ou des sources d'odeurs naturelles (plantes compagnes). A partir d'observations menées en plein champ nous avons sélectionné plusieurs brassicacées présentant des taux d'infestations contrastés vis-à-vis de la mouche du chou. Des expérimentations de laboratoires combinant des études comportementales et des analyses chromatographiques ont permis (i) d'établir un lien entre l'infestation et l'attractivité de certaines plantes (ii) d'identifier de nouveaux COVs potentiellement impliqués dans les prises de décisions comportementales de D. radicum. En parallèle, des études de terrain ont permis de tester l'efficacité de diffuseurs de COVs synthétiques au sein de parcelles expérimentales, que ce soit (i) pour favoriser le recrutement d'ennemis naturels (ii) attirer (composante « Pull ») ou repousser (composante « Push ») la mouche du chou. Enfin, l'utilisation de plantes pièges concentrant le ravageur semble être intéressante pour modifier la répartition de la mouche du chou à l'échelle de la parcelle en vue de protéger des cultures d'intérêt telles que le brocoli. / Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants are used by phytophagous, predatory and parasitoid insects to adjust behavioral decisions in complex environments. We aimed at using these ecological functions of VOCs in crop protection. We developed the first steps of a "Push-Pull" strategy toward the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) with both dispensers of synthetic VOCs and natural blends of VOCs released by plants. We conducted a field study to select brassicaceous plants exhibiting contrasted levels of infestation toward the cabbage root fly. Laboratory bioassays combining behavioral observations and gas chromatographic analyses allowed to (i) investigate the relation between plant infestation and plant attractiveness (ii) identify novel VOCs involved in behavioral decisions of the cabbage root fly. Parallel field experiments were used to test the potential of dispensers of synthetic VOCs to (i) enhance natural enemies recruitment (ii) modify cabbage root fly behavior, attracting ("Pull" component) or repelling the pest ("Push" component). Finally, we demonstrated that attractive plants are promising for a trap crop approach enabling to redistribute cabbage root fly density at the field scale in order to protect main crop such as broccoli.
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Informerat samtycke till behandling av personuppgifter på webbplatser : En analys av hur kraven i dataskyddsförordningen kommer att påverka den personliga integriteten i praktiken / Informed consent to processing of personal data on websites : An analysis of how the requirements in the General Data Protection Regulation will affect privacy in practice

Nilsson, Eric January 2017 (has links)
Frågan om rätten till personlig integritet är aktuell på ett helt annat sätt idag än den var på 1990-talet. Sedan dataskyddsdirektivet trädde i kraft har behandlingen av personuppgifter ökat exponentiellt. Informationsteknik har möjliggjort en omfattande kartläggning av personers beteenden online. Idag använder många webbplatser funktioner för att samla in och på andra sätt behandla sina besökares personuppgifter. Samtidigt har informationen om personuppgiftsbehandlingen som ges till enskilda på webbplatser i många fall blivit omfattande och komplicerad. Ett av syftena med den nya dataskyddsförordningen är att bygga upp konsumenters förtroende för handel på internet. Förordningen syftar även till att stärka skyddet för enskildas personliga integritet. Bestämmelserna kan anses vara svårtydda, vilket kan leda till att skyddet som bäst blir oförändrat. I ett samhälle som blir alltmer digitaliserat tycks det önskvärt att de moderna reglerna håller vad de lovar, annars kan konsekvenserna bli stora. I denna uppsats diskuteras om dataskyddsförordningens krav på informerat samtycke förbättrar förutsättningarna för ett effektivt skydd för den personliga integriteten. De nya bestämmelserna är mer omfattande men har kritiserats för att vara otydliga, närmare principer i direktiv snarare än direkt tillämplig förordningstext. Bestämmelserna behöver också vägas mot andra rättigheter. Därför kan bestämmelserna om samtycke och informationsplikt leda till ett sämre skydd för enskilde om inte tydlig vägledning ges. Det är därför en risk som kommer behöva beaktas vid tillämpningen av förordningen. Om personuppgiftsansvariga saknar vägledning finns en risk att bestämmelserna i praktiken inte ger enskilda den kontroll över sina personuppgifter som var avsedd.

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