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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
231

Le designer graphique et les sens de la responsabilité : étude descriptive de la modélisation morale du praticien / The meanings of responsability to graphic designers : a descriptive study of professionals' moral model-making

Brunel-Lafargue, Karen 16 November 2018 (has links)
L’essentiel du corpus théorique consacré au design et à la responsabilité de son praticien adopte une approche prescriptive où leurs auteurs dictent les contours d’une pratique responsable. Mais compte tenu de l’impact du design graphique sur notre quotidien, ne serait-il pas utile d’appréhender plus précisément le sens que ses praticiens donnent à leur responsabilité ? À notre avis, oui. L’objectif de notre recherche est donc de recueillir et de comprendre les significations de la responsabilité, et ainsi d’analyser les délibérations et les modélisations morales des praticiens du design graphique pour en proposer une description. Par le biais d’une étude qualitative, via des entretiens de groupes, nous avons réalisé une analyse en deux temps. D’abord, une synthèse de chaque groupe nous a permis d’identifier que la responsabilité fait sens comme habitude — au sens peircien du terme — qui se structure par rapport à la représentation que se fait le designer des enjeux de sa pratique au sein d’un réseau de parties prenantes. Ensuite l’examen des schémas individuels, qui ont donné lieu à la modélisation de trois des périmètres potentiels de ce maillage d’acteurs. / Design theory tends to adopt a prescriptive approach to designers’ responsibility, taking it upon itself to lay out guidelines for good conduct. However, given the impact of graphic design on human behavior and the fabric of society as a whole it seems essential to study how designers’ themselves define their responsibility. Thus, the purpose of our research is to collect, interpret and describe the meanings practitioners assemble with regard to their moral obligations. A qualitative study, built upon group interviews, has offered us a dual assessment. First, the analysis of each group allowed us to identify responsibility as a habit, in the Peircean sense of the term, that each designer establishes in relation to a network of stakes and stakeholders he or she articulates around his or practice. Secondly, the study of individual discourses revealed models of three potential perimeters of the system within which they evaluate their obligations.
232

[en] OF TWO TRANSFORMATIONS: FOR A METATHEORETICAL ANALYSIS (OR METAMORPHOSICAL) OF KELSEN / [pt] DAS DUAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES: POR UMA ANÁLISE METATEÓRICA (OU METAMORFÓSICA) DE KELSEN

KAREN SIMOES ROSA E SILVA 30 October 2007 (has links)
[pt] O sistema jurídico kelseniano, através de uma releitura heterodoxa, pode ser resgatado como um modelo eficiente para o paradigma que emerge. Tal assertiva se baseia na convicção de que as críticas impostas a este autor muitas vezes são fruto da incompreensão de sua proposta, o que se dá por uma confusão de pressupostos. A análise metateórica é um método que permite recolocar o pensamento kelseniano não como algo ultrapassado, mas como um pensamento de vanguarda, apto a ser utilizado a serviço da Pós - Modernidade. Ainda dentro do arcabouço paradigmático Moderno, os pressupostos kelsenianos são associados a um referencial teórico que se afasta da concepção da linguagem como representação do real, explicitando assim , na Teoria Pura do Direito, uma crítica parcial à Modernidade. Kelsen, apesar de não ter tido a pretensão de se imiscuir em determinadas áreas por uma questão epistemológica, deixou em sua teoria espaços abertos que hoje, à luz de novos olhares trazidos especialmente pelo desenvolvimento de áreas como a psicanálise, podem ser usados para se fazer uma crítica ampla e não apenas parcial à Modernidade. A partir de uma análise metapsicológica das noções de liberdade e igualdade na teoria política de Kelsen e da atualização de sua concepção de natureza humana, abre- se uma nova perspectiva, através da qual é possível se fazer uma leitura mais apurada da Teoria Pura do Direito, onde a ética do sentido se explicita como condição de validade dos ordenamentos, a tornando um instrumental, não mais obsoleto, e sim adequado a enfrentar os problemas da contemporaneidade. / [en] Kelsen´s juridical system, through a heterodox perspective, could be seen as an efficient model for the emerging paradigm, based upon the belief that the criticism of this author is due to misunderstanding of his proposals and/or hypothesis. The metatheoretical analysis is one of the methods that reconduct Kelsen`s thoughts not as something antique, but as a breaktrough that could be used at the service of Post-Modernity. Still within the Modern paradigm, Kelsen´s hypothesis are associated with a theoretical referential that is away of the language`s conception as a representation of the real, highlighting, in Law´s Pure Theory, a partial critique to Modernity. Kelsen, even not having the proposal of asserting at some areas due to epistemic reasons, left blank spaces in his theory that, using some new insights of areas such as psychoanalysis, could be used as tools of a complete, not partial, critique to Modernity. Using a metapsychological analysis of Kelsen`s political theory concepts of liberty and equality and updating his concept of human nature, there is a new perspective through which is possible to have a proper reading of Law´s Pure Theory, where sense`s ethics is an explicit condition to validation of juridical ordering and tool, non obsolete, to deal with the problems of contemporaniety.
233

[en] DEMOCRACY IN JOHN DEWEYS PRAGMATISM / [pt] A DEMOCRACIA NO PRAGMATISMO DE JOHN DEWEY

LIVIA FERNANDES FRANCA 29 March 2010 (has links)
[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a democracia no pensamento do pragmatista estadunidense John Dewey (1859-1952) e sua contribuição para a teoria política contemporânea. Num primeiro momento, se examina o pensamento político do autor, ressaltando-se as implicações que o antifundacionismo e o contextualismo sugerem. Já o confronto do pensamento de Dewey com críticas de Richard Rorty, Richard Bernstein, Robert Westbrook e Alfonso Damico sugere que, ao mesmo tempo em que o vocabulário do estadunidense é refém de imperativos de sua época, deixa grande contribuição para a teoria contemporânea; a de que a democracia é o modelo político que permite a geração de novas formas de vida e sua permanentemente recriação, a partir do contínuo confronto com a prática, de forma a mapear trajetórias para que desejos e aspirações da sociedade sejam concretizados. / [en] This dissertation aims to study the thought of the American pragmatist John Dewey (1859-1952) on democracy and its contribution to the contemporary political theory. At first, the political thought of the author is analyzed, and the anti-foundationalism’s and contextualism’s repercussions are highlighted. The tension between Dewey’s thoughts and the ideas of Richard Rorty, Richard Bernstein, Robert Westbrook and Alfonso Damico suggest that, if in the one hand Dewey’s vocabulary is a victim of his own time, it brings a great contribution to contemporary theory. This contribution is expressed though the idea that democracy is the political model that allows the creation of forms of life and their permanent recreation, from the clash between theory and practice, aiming at the designing of trajectories that will give life to the desires and aspirations of society.
234

Reconstructing natural theology with the aid of Confucian axiology and American Pragmatism

Xu, Zhiqiu 22 January 2016 (has links)
The current project attempts to construct a modest version of natural theology with the aid of Confucian axiology and American Pragmatism. Its main thrust is to map out several levels of integrative valuation moving from nature and society into the innermost part of the human core. It envisions a Confucian axiological cosmos where values are scattered ubiquitously in the universe and its myriad presences. The pragmatic theories of Charles S. Peirce and William James are employed to construct methodological mechanisms by which natural values are to be recognized, semioticized, transferred and integrated into the human equilibrium as valutional core. Nature, society and the human valutional core are envisioned as three major value hubs that are intricately intertwined and mutually reciprocal. The levels of integrative valuation consist of a series of evaluative steps spread along the history of Confucianism. Beginning with an objective observation of Investigation of Things, it reaches the semiotic stage of Rectifying the Name, which followed by physical participation in the Unity of Knowledge and Action, and eventually arrives at the grand stage of Ritual Appropriateness. The Protestant churches with Chinese cultural background are considered as the communal basis of this project. The rival coexistence of both naturalistic and anti-naturalistic tendencies makes them an apt sample for this axiological project of reconfiguring a natural theology. If accomplished successfully, this project will establish an axiological type of natural theology by means of integrating resources from Confucianism, American Pragmatism and Christian Theology. It will demonstrate a way of engaging nature alternative to those of logical positivist, materialistic or even ecological approaches. This project may help conservative Protestant Christians redress their obsession concerning special, direct, salvific grace by redirecting them towards natural values that are profoundly rich and nourishing by reconciling the cultural and religious dimensions of their lives.
235

[en] THE CONCEPTION OF CONTINGENCY IN RICHARD RORTY / [pt] A CONCEPÇÃO DE CONTINGÊNCIA EM RICHARD RORTY

FLORA MUNIZ TUCCI DE AZEVEDO 04 September 2007 (has links)
[pt] A dissertação A Concepção de Contingência em Richard Rorty pretende apresentar a concepção de contingência no pensamento de Richard Rorty, que é especialmente desenvolvida em seu livro Contingência, Ironia e Solidariedade (1989). O primeiro capítulo será sobre a contingência da linguagem; o segundo, sobre a contingência do indivíduo, e o terceiro, sobre a contingência de uma comunidade liberal. Partindo desse estudo, o quarto capítulo será constituído pela apresentação de algumas reflexões e críticas em relação à compreensão sobre a contingência, com o objetivo de traçar um diálogo com o autor, buscando trazer maior esclarecimento sobre o tema. As questões estarão relacionadas aos valores defendidos pelo autor em sua comunidade liberal utópica, ao questionar se de fato podem ser deduzidos da sua compreensão de contingência da linguagem e de indivíduo. / [en] The dissertation The conception of contingency in Richard Rorty intends to present the conception of contingency in Richard Rorty's thought, which is especially developed in his book Contingency, Irony and Solidarity (1989). The first chapter will discuss the contingency of language, the second, the contingency of selfhood, and the third, the contingency of a liberal community. From this point, the fourth chapter will comprise the presentation of some reflections and criticisms concerning the comprehension of contingency. Our goal is to outline a discussion with the author to lead to a better understanding on the issue. Thus the questions will be related to the values defended by Rorty in his liberal utopia, and analyze if we can in fact deduce them from the comprehension of contingency of language and selfhood.
236

Linguagem, contexto e razão: Richard Rorty e a virada lingüística / Language, context and reason: Richard Rorty and the linguistic turn

Toledo Junior, Joaquim Eloi Cirne de 14 October 2008 (has links)
A virada linguística da filosofia contemporânea implicou a recaracterização de problemas epistemológicos em termos da natureza e estrutura da linguagem (lógica), assim como em termos de interpretações das práticas linguísticas concretas (pragmática). Nesta última forma, a concepção da linguagem como instrumento de interação social, somada à constatação do caráter contextual das situações de interação, conduz em alguns casos a um tratamento das diferentes linguagens como jogos fechados em si mesmos, dotados de regras próprias e, nos casos extremos, incomensuráveis. É por esse caminho que Richard Rorty conduz a sua versão da virada linguística. Para Rorty, os desenvolvimentos da filosofia analítica em especial, a forma como W. O. Quine, W. Sellars e D. Davidson carregam o bastão que julgam receber das Investigações filosóficas de L. Wittgenstein apontam para uma concepção holística (contextual) da linguagem e, consequentemente, da racionalidade. Essa maneira de entender a linguagem tem, naturalmente, implicações para o tratamento de outras questões filosóficas morais, políticas e para a caracterização da própria atividade filosófica. Este trabalho procura reconstruir e indicar deficiências das elaborações de Rorty em relação a tais questões. / The linguistic turn in contemporary philosophy entailed the restatement of epistemological problems in terms of the nature and structure of language (logic), and in terms of interpretations of linguistic practices (pragmatics). In the latter form, the conception of language as an instrument of social interaction, together with the contextual understanding of interaction situations, leads in some cases to the treatment of different languages as closed games endowed with their own rules and, in extreme cases, incommensurable. This is the path down which Richard Rorty takes his own version of the linguistic turn. For Rorty, the developments of analytical philosophy most importantly, the way W. O. Quine, W. Sellars and D. Davidson follow the lead of Wittgensteins Philosophical Investigations point to a holistic (contextual) understanding of language and, as a consequence, of rationality. This way of understanding language is related to Rortys treatment of other philosophical issues (moral and political) and to his characterization of Philosophy itself. This dissertation aims at reconstructing (and pointing to shortcomings of) Rortys understanding of these issues.
237

Experiência artístico-estética como experiência educativa: a necessidade de superar antagonismos / Esthetic-artistic experience as educational experience: the necessity of an antagonism surmount

Gossi, Inez dos Santos 18 August 2009 (has links)
Experiência artístico-estética como experiência educativa: a necessidade de superar antagonismos é uma pesquisa fundamentada no instrumentalismo deweiano. A tese defende a importância da dimensão arquitetônica para a educação aprofundando com Dewey a necessidade da superação de antagonismos, dentre eles o existente entre arte e vida. Como movimento filosófico, o instrumentalismo não concebe a razão como algo completo por si mesmo, independente da matéria, indiferente às influências dos hábitos, dos instintos e das emoções como fatores ativos da vida, ou seja, independente da experiência. O conceito de experiência é central na filosofia deweiana e sua influência na concepção contemporânea de currículo pode ser constatada no reconhecimento da importância da inter-relação entre sujeito e ambiente no processo educativo; mas a arquitetura como um elemento do ambiente educativo, segundo Antonio Viñao Frago, dificilmente é estudada em sua dimensão antropológica. Frago aponta razões para essa dificuldade que possivelmente dizem respeito à necessidade de superação de antagonismos, assim como as razões para o distanciamento da discussão arquitetônica da sociedade. No entanto, é possível constatar em intervenções arquitetônicas no âmbito da educação, dentre elas o restauro e requalificação da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, que esses antagonismos podem ser superados como o existente entre cultura e eficiência social. / Esthetic-artistic experience as educational experience: the necessity of an antagonism surmount defends an architectural dimension to education and proposes with Dewey the necessity of getting over antagonisms. Its instrumentalism doesnt accept the independence of reason and subject, without influence from habits, instincts, emotions as active life factors, that independent from experience. The concept of experience is central in Deweys philosophy and its influence in contemporary curriculum conception can be recognize when supports the importance of the connection between individual and environment in educational process; but the architectural element of educational environment has hardly been studied in its anthropological dimension according to Antonio Viñao Frago. Frago indicates some reasons to that problem, it distances involves the necessity to get over antagonism mainly the antagonism between architectural discussion and society. However, it is possible to see among architectural interventions in formal education, as the restoration and requalification of Medicine College of São Paulo University for example, how the antagonism social efficiency and culture can be surmounted.
238

Para um empirismo radical: sobre William James e a relação contemporânea entre psicologia e espiritualidade / Toward a radical empiricism: on William James and the contemporary relationship between psychology and spirituality

Silva, André Oídes Matoso e 31 October 2016 (has links)
William James desenvolveu no conjunto de seus trabalhos um referencial filosófico útil para estudos da consciência e da religião que permanece válido e aplicável na prática contemporânea de disciplinas como a psicologia e a antropologia. O presente trabalho é uma exploração inicial de possibilidades filosóficas abertas por James nesses campos: a religiosidade, a espiritualidade, e a busca de sentido e transcendência em um mundo desencantado. A tese foi dividida em duas partes. Na Parte I, apresentei o contexto da relação contemporânea entre psicologia e espiritualidade. Nessa parte, discuti o significado de ambas as palavras, a relação que historicamente existe entre elas, e o papel de James na constituição histórica dessa relação. Além de ter tido um papel histórico na formação de um campo de estudos no qual esses dois assuntos se interconectam, James também forneceu uma abordagem filosófica para investigá-los. Essa abordagem foi chamada por ele de empirismo radical. Na Parte II, desenvolvi uma reflexão em torno do empirismo radical, trabalhando alguns conceitos que podem ser úteis para uma prática de investigação radicalmente empirista. / William James developed in his work a useful philosophical framework for studies on consciousness and religion which remains valid and applicable in the contemporary practice of disciplines such as psychology and anthropology. The present work is an initial exploration of philosophical possibilities opened up by James in these fields: religiosity, spirituality, and the search for meaning and transcendence in a disenchanted world. The thesis was divided into two parts. In Part I was presented the context of the contemporary relationship between psychology and spirituality. In this part, I discussed the meaning of both words, the relationship that historically exists between them and Jamess role in the historical constitution of that relationship. Besides having a historical role in the formation of a field of studies in which these two topics interconnect, James provided also a philosophical approach to investigate them. He called this approach radical empiricism. In Part II, I developed a reflection on radical empiricism, working out some concepts which may be useful for a radically empiricist inquiry.
239

Hur hjälper gymnasiekurserna Instrument eller sång 1-3 mig? : En inblick i elevers uppfattning av Instrument eller sång-kursernas relevans utanför skolsammanhang / How does the instrument and song courses help me? : An insigt in students perception of the relevancy of the course Instrument or Song

Björk, Oskar January 2018 (has links)
Syftet med föreliggande uppsats arbete är att undersöka gymnasiekursernas, Instrument eller sång 1-3 inom musikämnet i Lgy11 (Skolverket 2011), påverkan på elevers musikalitet inom tre aspekter; musicerande på fritiden (påverkan), musikaliskt personligt uttryck (inflytande) och musikalisk kreativitet. De frågeställningar som ställts har eftersträvat att få svar relevanta för mängd och utsträckning. Undersökningen är ute efter att få inblick i elevers perspektiv på Instrument eller sång-kurserna (InSå) och deras reflektioner kring kursinnehållets värde utifrån ett pragmatiskt synsätt, inom tidigare nämnda aspekter. Den metod som använts för att undersöka detta har varit en kvantitativ metod i form av en webbaserad enkät som distribuerats till olika gymnasieskolor som erbjuder dessa kurser. Enkäten bestod av 13 frågor som handlade om musicerande på fritid, musikalisk kreativitet, samt reflektioner kring kursernas påverkan i utvecklandet av musikaliskt personligt uttryck. Utöver dessa samlades in empiri kring respondenternas årskurs och vilka av de tre kurserna de studerat eller för närvarande studerar. Frågorna i enkäten som distribuerats har haft utrymme för variation i svaren. Denna enkät fick 51 respondenter.
240

Morot eller bromskloss? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om undervisning om nutida konflikter i det mångkulturella Sverige / Extra motivation or break pad? : A study on how to teach about contemporary conflicts in multicultural Sweden.

Neuhaus, Daniel January 2019 (has links)
Sweden is a multicultural society which means that there is a lot of pupils in Swedish schools with a background as refugees and with experiences from potentially traumatic and horrible events in their home countries. This study works with two different theories, trigger warning and pragmatism. Trigger warning explains why it could be necessary to hide or protect student from some specific topics or material and pragmatism says that it is educationally successful to use the pupils experiences in the classroom. Contemporary global conflicts, such as the ones that the pupils are coming from, could be a useful subject to teach about in social studies according to the Swedish curriculum. Given this circumstances, this study seeks to examine if it would be educationally and morally appropriate to use this potentially traumatic and sensitive experiences as a method of teaching. According to pragmatism, it would be. However, according to trigger warning, it could be relevant to protect the pupils from this kinds of subjects in school and in the classroom. Therefore, this study contains a tug of war between the two different theories and I interviewed pupils who has moved or has a family who has moved from warzones as refugees about this matter. A core in this study is to take the pupils perspective and examine what good, or bad, that comes out if a teacher in social studies wants to teach about the conflicts that the pupils has a connection to. The result shows that it in fact would be educationally successful even if these subjects are special and a teacher should always think about the circumstances and the methods they are using. In the theoretical tug of war pragmatism comes out as a winner, by trigger warnings could be relevant in some cases.

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