<p>The post-modern western city is going through two central changes in the organization of paid labour. One is the switch from production of goods to production of services, and the other is the increasing rift between well-paid labour with permanent jobs, and temporarily employed workers with low wages. Both of these processes are rasified and gendered, and strike harder against women, young persons and people of emigrant background. The flexible capitalism creates an informalization of the economy, breaking with earlier regulations of the labour markets, in which workers also need to find informal strategies in their individual and collective struggles. In this paper, I search for these “new” experiences of living and working in late capitalist society, by doing open interviews with three women of Latin-American origin, working without official permission (without documents) in the informal economy of Stockholm. Analyzing their narratives, I look for the agency and resistance that, according to my theoretical perspective, is part of everyday life of all suppressed subjects. I come to the conclusion that irregular systems of recruitment and other forms of interdependency could be useful for other groups of precarious workers. The interviewed women also use strategies such as fantasizing about a reversed world or focusing their thoughts on the future, and deceiving or avoiding the power(full), to cope with their everyday work situations and the contradictory class mobility they experienced in the migration. However, these strategies often reproduce an acceptance of power more than a resistance to it, and show us how the capitalism works as an hegemonic ideology incorporated in us all.</p>

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Durant les années 1990, en France, en Suisse et au Québec, de nouveaux médicaments ont reçu une autorisation de mise sur le marché, dans le cadre de la prise en charge de la dépendance aux opiacés. Vingt cinq ans plus tard, notre thèse interroge les usages qu’en font les personnes en traitement. A partir de la méthode biographique, nous étudions la substitution en terme d’« ajustements ». Les détournements de l’usage prescrit des TSO, étiquetés comme « mésusages » par les pouvoirs publics et un certain nombre de praticiens, apparaissent dès lors comme une modalité d’adaptation et de réappropriation du traitement. En évaluant les convergences et les divergences dans les pratiques et leurs effets, la comparaison de nos trois terrains d’enquête nous permet d’analyser les différents sens associés à la substitution, selon les contextes et les structures de soin au sein desquels l’usager est accueilli. / For a long time, ending drug addiction meant completely stopping any consumption. In the context of harm reduction policies, the introduction of substitution treatments has drastically changed the abstinence paradigm. Ending an addiction has taken a plural meaning, adding complexity to the delimitation already porous between “normal and pathological”. Nowadays stabilizing Methadone maintenance treatment or taking drugs on an irregular basis are perceived as an alternative to abstinence or other forms of recovery. In this thesis, wiitch deals with polysemic uses of substitution treatment, we analyze the attempts and strategies of the adjustment process in entering an addiction centre. The aim of this study is to show the different competencies that people can display in situations of vulnerability. Our interest is to find out how valuable expertise can emerge from the layperson point of view.

Entering the 9th year of the Syrian Crisis, there are still more than 400 thousand school aged Syrian children considered ‘out-of-school’ in Turkey. Several previous studies as well as reports of International Organisations and Civil Society Organisations such as UNICEF and Support to Life argue that out-of-school Syrian children have formed part of the Turkish informal labour market. Restrained migration policies incorporated with the needs of global labour markets have caused precarisation of the migrant labour, and in the case of Turkey precarisation of migrant child labour as well. The aim of the current study is to critically analyse the strategies and interventions of this multilevel governance targeting migrant child labour. Hence, a qualitative research method was employed in order to answer the study’s research questions. First, document analysis was conducted to identify the multilevel institutional framework; and second, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with selected informants working for International Organisations. By facilitating Carol Bacchi’s ‘What is the problem represented to be?’ (WPR) approach, each actor’s strategies and interventions directed to migrant child labour are scrutinised. While each actor by definition manages to identify the causes of (migrant) child labour, the strategies and interventions are constrained by the conventional migration management approach as well as the discourses of “the best interest of the child” and “fair trade”.

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The masters' project is focused on the issue of working conditions in the field of graphic design and its critique. I was searching for ways how to work (economically) sustainable and how not to be dependent only on work for clients. I was developing my own projects to diversify the way I work.

This study examines the various forms of precarity within the temporary staffing industry and how the industry can be understood as a producer of precarity. From a worker’s perspective, we have with a hermeneutic approach and qualitative method conducted eight semistructured interviews with temporary staffing employees working in the industrial sector. The purpose of the interviews was to explore how workers in the staffing industry experience their employment conditions to compare the experiences with existing knowledge about the temporary staffing industry. Drawing on Guy Standing’s (2011) theory of the precariat and David Harvey's (1982, 2005) theories of capitalism and neoliberalism, we have interpreted the emergence and expansion of the temporary staffing industry and its precarious terms of employment. Our findings indicate that the forms of precarity within the temporary staffing industry shows through lack of integration, competence development, participation in the workplace, and the employment’s impact on the employees' decisions in their personal lives. The conclusion is that the temporary staffing industry, in its current form, will always produce precarity because the employees' job security is not prioritized. / Studien undersöker vilka former prekaritet kan ta inom bemanningsbranschen och hur bemanningsbranschen kan förstås som en producent av prekaritet. Utifrån ett arbetstagarperspektiv har vi genom kvalitativ metod och hermeneutisk ansats genomfört åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med bemanningsanställda inom industrisektorn. Syftet med intervjuerna var att undersöka hur arbetstagare i bemanningsbranschen upplever sina anställningsvillkor för att vidare kunna jämföra upplevelserna med tidigare kunskap om bemanningsbranschen. Med utgångspunkt i Guy Standings (2011) teori om prekariatet och David Harveys (1982, 2005) teorier om kapitalism och nyliberalism har vi tolkat framväxten och expansionen av bemanningsbranschen samt dess otrygga anställningsvillkor. Vårt resultat visar att bemanningsbranschens former av prekaritet tar sig i uttryck i  brist på integrering, kompetensutveckling och delaktighet samt anställningens påverkan  på arbetstagares privatliv. Slutsatsen är att bemanningsbranschen i sin nuvarande form alltid kommer att producera prekaritet eftersom arbetstagarnas tryggheter inte prioriteras.

[pt] A presente tese tem como objetivo traçar uma paisagem constelar de vivências queers (minorias sexuais, de gênero, étnico-raciais, etc) que afirmam suas vidas através da reconfiguração das ideias de lar e casa. Para isso, foram utilizados diversos objetos-acontecimentos (filmes, livros, materiais arquivísticos) que nos ajudassem a produzir fendas ou fissuras afirmativas no pensamento sobre o poder através das suas potências de vida, fazendo eco ao que propõe Beatriz Preciado em seu ensaio Multidões Queer: notas para uma política dos anormais (2011). Alguns deles são: o livro Stella Manhattan (1995), de Silviano Santiago; os home movies do cineasta Derek Jarman; materiais pessoais de Alice B. Toklas e Gertrude Stein arquivados no Harry Ramson Center, da Universidade do Texas em Austin; a peça de teatro Domínio do Escuro (2015) de Juliana Pamplona; o filme The Watermelon Woman (1996), de Cheryl Dunye e o filme Shortbus (2006), de John Cameron Mitchell. Trata-se de uma organização de tese que faz parte de uma corporeidade que não é histórica no sentido normativo da palavra, mas tecida como um gesto que se aproxima daquele presente no Atlas de Aby Warburg, no esforço de fazer entender o link, um nexo, uma conexão secreta entre diferentes imagens que se afirmam enquanto resistências às normas de gênero e sexualidade, e aos modos de estar junto normatizados na modernidade e na História. / [en] The goal for this thesis is to draw a constellation of queer livings (sexual, gender, ethnic, racial and other minorities) that reassures their lives through the reconfiguration of the ideas of home and house. In order to accomplish that, several happening-objects were used (films, books, archive material) to help us produce affirmative slits or clefts when thinking about power through its life potency, echoing what Beatriz Preciado suggests in her essay Multitudes queer. Notes for a politics of abnormality (2011). Some of them are: the book Stella Manhattan (1995), by Silviano Santiago; movie maker Derek Jarman s home movies; personal material from Alice B. Toklas and Gertrude Stein archived at Harry Ramson Center, at the University of Texas in Austin; the play Domínio do Escuro (2015) by Juliana Pamplona; the movie The Watermelon Woman (1996), by Cheryl Dunye and the movie Shortbus (2006), by John Cameron Mitchell. It is a thesis organized in a non-historical corporeity in the normative sense of the word, but woven as a gesture close to the one present in Aby Warburg s Atlas, in an effort to understand the hidden connection between different images that arise as resistence to the norms of gender and sexuality, and to the normatized forms of being together in modernity and in History.

<p>Since time immemorial, agricultural changes in the Philippines have been inspired by the notion of self-sufficiency projected by developed and industrial countries. Through ethnographic writing and historical analysis, I visit the outcomes of the Green Revolution and how the development of new agricultural technology escalated violence embedded in communities that experienced multiple colonialism. These acknowledged and disclaimed forms of violence are perpetuated by occurring negotiations between community actors, primarily the landed and landless farmers, living in the context of precarity.</p> <p><br></p> <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five farmers (aged 20 – 85), who mostly cultivated on borrowed land. I argue that in a post-colonial town like Nabua, the socio-cultural and socio-economic factors involved in farming do not coincide with the Philippine government’s plans for agricultural development and progress. These ethnographic essays investigate how colonial legacies manifest and perpetuate violence locally by examining Nabua’s historical experience with multiple colonialism, the outcomes of persisting precarity, and agricultural developments. In the first chapter, I contextualize precarity by analyzing the history of change from the Spanish colonial period to the peak of the Green Revolution, cruising through how national policies manifest in agricultural developments at the local level. For the second chapter, I dive into the present-day farming situation in Nabua and how violence and precarity are perpetuated by the national government’s agricultural development master plan. I conclude with a call to localize agricultural development and address local challenges to attain sustainable and progressive agricultural development.</p>