For many years, educators, psychologists and parents have expressed concern about the apparent deterioration of pupil motivation and performance after children move to secondary school. This study used a longitudinal design to examine the transfer process from the perspective of a group of 393 children (195 boys, 198 girls) as they moved from 19 primary schools to four secondary schools in Fife. Children’s self-perceptions of school commitment, school belonging, school participation, self-esteem and global wellbeing were evaluated four times over a 13 month period, twice before transfer in the final year of primary school and twice after transfer in the first year of secondary school. Information was also collected about family and home life, emotions, lifestyle and school on each occasion. The data was analysed using multilevel modelling in order to examine how each of the five outcome variables changed over the time of the study, and how they related to a series of independent variables. It was anticipated that changes in these outcomes may have occurred immediately after the move to secondary school, perhaps followed by an improvement six months later after they had adapted to changes and settled in to their new schools. The results showed that, contrary to expectations, all outcomes except school participation recorded an improvement at wave 3, immediately after the transfer to secondary school. However, there was some evidence that after an initial ‘honeymoon period’, children perceived certain aspects of school in a less positive light and by wave 4 there was a decline in all outcomes except for the perception of self-esteem, which continued to improve. Since wave 4 was only a few months after transition, a significant change in children’s views is seen quite quickly after transfer. It is not clear whether this represents a return to a more realistic level or if this signals the beginning of a more prolonged negative attitude towards school and education in general. The general conclusion is that the process of transfer to secondary schools is well managed, but it might be helpful for induction programmes to prepare children for the changes in teaching and learning methods that might be encountered, and perhaps other types of programme might be beneficial during the first year.

This thesis deals with the research of practical knowledge and skills of students of primary and secondary schools. It targets exploring of cognition of local common species of vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). This thesis is focused on education in the nature. The results are presented in graphs and chart tables. Key words: Knowledge of local vertebrates, questionnaire survey, primary school, secondary school, high school, hobby group, genus name, species name.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VILMA RODRIGUES DE MORAES.pdf: 1452034 bytes, checksum: ce7d255eba65b5b20e2452b870bda205 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28 / In this Thesis, which is included in the area of research Estado, Políticas e Instituições Educacionais, it was analyzed the implications of formation provided by Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores at the workplace and at the practice of primary and secondary teachers at public schools in Distrito Federal (DF) who graduated in the second class of Dance at Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia of Brasília (IFB). The empirical fieldwork is made up of the second graduating class in Dance at IFB from 03-01-2012 to 08- 31-2013. The research problem was stated by the following question: what are the implications of the training provided by the PARFOR n in the work of teachers of basic education in the public education system of DF? The specific objectives of this Thesis are: identifying, through the reading of the minutes of meetings from supporting permanent forums of teacher s training, provided by Capes from 2009-2013, which culminated on the implementation of strategic plans of States and the Federal District, teacher s demands from the public sector at DF enrolled at continuous teacher training courses at PARFOR; following the development of teacher enhancement courses, according to Plano Estratégico de Forum Permanente de Apoio a Formação Docente do DF; analyzing the implications at primary and secondary education of Teacher`s training course from the second Dance class at IFB in the public education sector in DF. The orientation axes of the theoretical framework are: higher education in its political and economic contexts beginning at the 1990`s, the initial and continuous formation of primary and secondary teachers and PARFOR. The methodology for this analysis was Dialectical-Historical Materialism. This research constituted itself with a qualitative approach with the participation of individuals through semi-structured questionnaires and their following analyses. The subjects of this research are six professors at the Dance Course at IFB. The categories that emerged from the analysis of empirical material consist of: the antagonism between legal demands ad pedagogical practices of attending teachers who are getting a second certification in Dance at IFB; 2) the non-compatibility between the formation course and practice; 3) positive and negative impacts of the Dance Course at Primary and Secondary education. We conclude that the teacher`s continuous formation implemented at DF is the result of political arrangements that do not meet the priority needs of public schools and the needs of teachers in the public schools of the Distrito Federal. This type of continuing education also hurts legal system devices. / Nesta tese, que se insere na linha de pesquisa Estado, Políticas e Instituições Educacionais, analisam-se as implicações da formação proporcionada pelo Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores no trabalho e na prática dos docentes da Educação Básica do sistema público de educação do Distrito Federal (DF) egressos do curso de segunda licenciatura em Dança do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Brasília (IFB). O campo empírico compreende os egressos do curso de segunda licenciatura em Dança do IFB ministrado entre 1/3/2012 a 31/8/2013. O problema de pesquisa foi enunciado pelo seguinte questionamento: quais são as implicações da formação proporcionada pelo Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores no trabalho dos docentes da educação básica do sistema público de educação do DF egressos do curso de segunda licenciatura em Dança, curso presencial promovido pelo DF por meio do IFB? Os objetivos específicos consistem em: identificar, mediante a leitura das Atas de Reuniões dos Fóruns Permanentes de Apoio à Formação Docente, disponibilizadas pelas Capes, as políticas de formação dos profissionais de educação no período entre 2009- 2013 que culminaram na implementação de planos estratégicos estaduais e distrital; identificar a demanda dos professores da Secretaria de Educação do DF inscritos em curso de formação continuada do PARFOR; acompanhar o desenvolvimento dos cursos de formação continuada, conforme o Plano Estratégico do Fórum Permanente de Apoio à Formação Docente do DF; analisar as implicações na Educação Básica da formação de professores em segunda licenciatura no curso de Dança do IFB no sistema público de educação do DF. Os eixos orientadores do referencial teórico são: a Educação Superior no contexto político e econômico brasileiro a partir da década de 1990; Formação Inicial e Continuada de Professores da Educação Básica e a Política Nacional de Formação de Profissionais do Magistério da Educação Básica (PARFOR). O método de investigação é o materialismo histórico-dialético. A pesquisa consistiu em uma abordagem qualitativa na modalidade de pesquisa participante combinada com a utilização de questionários e análise de conteúdo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa compreendem seis professores cursistas egressos do curso de segunda licenciatura em Dança do IFB. As categorias de análise que emergiram do material empírico consistem em: Antagonismo entre exigência legal e a prática pedagógica do professor cursista da segunda licenciatura em Dança do IFB; 2) Incompatibilidade entre o curso de formação e a atuação; 3) Impactos positivos e negativos do curso de Dança na Educação Básica. Concluiuse que a formação continuada implementada no Distrito Federal é resultado de arranjos políticos que não atendem às necessidades prioritárias da escola básica pública e às necessidades dos professores da rede pública de ensino do Distrito Federal. Essa modalidade de formação continuada também fere dispositivos do ordenamento jurídico.

O desenvolvimento de pensamento crítico é reconhecido como um objetivo fundamental da educação no Ensino Médio. Ao contrário do que o senso comum possa indicar, o pensamento crítico não significa a simples emissão de opinião sobre determinado assunto, mas trata-se de um processo que usa considerações racionais das evidências, dos métodos e critérios próprios de determinado assunto para interpretar, analisar e avaliar um novo dado. Para tal, analisou-se a possibilidade de utilização de artigos científicos do tema \"Saúde e Ambiente\" como um recurso didático que visa a aprendizagem de conteúdos específicos multidisciplinares, o aperfeiçoamento de habilidades da comunicação oral e escrita dos alunos em linguagem científica, o contato dos alunos com o processo de construção do conhecimento científico, a aquisição da habilidade de buscar ativamente o conhecimento em fontes fidedignas. Como exercício, propõe-se o desenvolvimento de uma Unidade de Aprendizagem baseada em um artigo científico para aplicação na sala de aula do Ensino Médio que incentivam a análise crítica das relações entre saúde e ambiente embasada em conhecimentos científicos sólidos dos conceitos envolvidos. O papel do professor é agir como facilitador e preparador de um conteúdo mínimo conceitual necessário para cada atividade promovendo o desenvolvimento de habilidades / The development of critical thinking is recognized as a fundamental goal of education in high school. Critical thinking does not mean the mere issuance of opinion on a particular subject, but it is a process that uses rational considerations of evidence, methods and criteria related to a particular subject in order to interpret, analyze and evaluate new data. To this end, we analyzed the possibility of using scientific articles on the theme \"Health and Environment\" as a teaching resource aimed at specific multidisciplinary learning contents. The improvement of skills of oral and written communication of students in scientific language, to put students in contact with the process of construction of scientific knowledge and the acquisition of the ability to actively pursue knowledge in reliable sources are the main goals of this resource. The selected papers encompass skills and abilities which, when developed, are per se the cultural achievement aimed at. Moreover, the themes developed for application in the high school class room encourage critical analysis of the relationship between health and environment based on sound scientific knowledge of the concepts involved. The teacher\'s role is to act as a facilitator and trainer of the minimum conceptual content required for each activity

O Projeto Coração Roxo de Biomonitoramento e Educação Ambiental, realizado pelo Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina da USP em parceria com a Escola Estadual Prof. José da Costa em Cubatão, São Paulo, teve seu início em 2001 e foi desenvolvido até o ano de 2007, com a finalidade de contribuir no processo de formação crítica em relação à percepção ambiental dos alunos participantes. Esse projeto objetivou que os alunos fossem os atores de um processo de investigação e produção de conhecimento da realidade ambiental local, por meio do biomonitoramento do ar preparando-os para desenvolverem uma atitude crítica e participativa na sua comunidade. Para o biomonitoramento utilizou-se a técnica do bioensaio de quantificação de micronúcleos em células mães de pólen utilizando como bioindicador a planta Tradescantia pallida (TRAD-mcn). O presente estudo realizou uma análise qualitativa do Projeto Coração Roxo de Biomonitoramento e Educação Ambiental, na perspectiva da pesquisa-ação, de forma a identificar as concepções de Educação Ambiental presentes nas suas ações, buscando responder as seguintes questões: é possível uma proposta de Educação Ambiental na parceria escola-universidade? Quais as possibilidades e desafios para a escola e para a universidade? Que impactos a proposta realizada trouxe aos alunos envolvidos? Como essa proposta se articula com as discussões atuais no campo da Educação Ambiental? A análise da perspectiva de educação ambiental foi realizada, baseada em três concepções de educação ambiental: Educação Ambiental Conservadora, Educação Ambiental Pragmática e Educação Ambiental Crítica. Essa análise se restringiu a um recorte dessa intervenção, entre 2005 e 2007 por abarcar o período de permanência dos alunos incluídos no estudo em todas as etapas do projeto. Foi observado que embora as concepções conservadora e pragmática apareçam em algumas ações, a concepção crítica predominou, contribuindo na formação de uma postura crítica nos alunos participantes do projeto. O projeto Coração Roxo foi capaz de estabelecer uma parceria entre a universidade e a escola. No entanto esta se deu de forma parcial, uma vez que apenas o corpo discente envolveu-se em todo o processo. O mesmo não ocorreu com o corpo docente, que se manteve distante das ações do projeto. Para que projetos desse porte tenham pleno sucesso é necessário que estes sejam elaborados a partir das expectativas da comunidade escolar e que haja um profissional vinculado à universidade e responsável pela intermediação / The Purple Heart Project of Biomonitoring and Environmental Education, conducted by the Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution of the University of São Paulo Faculty of Medical Sciences in partnership with the State School Professor Jose da Costa, in Cubatão, Sao Paulo, started in 2001 and was developed by the year 2007 aiming to contribute in the development of a critical environmental perception in the involved students. This project aimed that students were actors in a process of research and production of knowledge on local environmental reality by means of air biomonitoring, preparing them to develop a critical and participating attitude in their community. For the biomonitoring, the technique that was used was bioassay of micronuclei quantification in mother-cells of pollen using the Tradescantia pallida (TRAD-MCN) as bio-indicator. This survey held a qualitative analysis, under the action-research perspective, focused to answer the following questions: is it viable for a proposal for Environmental Education in a high school-university partnership? What are the opportunities and challenges for both the school and the university? What was the impact of the proposal on the students involved with the project? How does this proposal articulate with the current discussions in the field of environmental education? This study examined the Purple Heart Project of Biomonitoring and Environmental Education in order to identify the concepts of Environmental Education present in its actions. The analysis from the perspective of environmental education was conducted based on three of its concepts: Conservative Environmental Education, Pragmatic Environmental Education and Critical Environmental Education. The analysis was restricted to a period of that intervention, between 2005 and 2007, when the students enrolled in the study participated in all stages of the project. It was observed that although the conservative and pragmatic ideas appear in some actions, the critical design prevailed, helping in the formation of a critical attitude in students participating in the project. The project Purple Heart was capable of establishing a partnership between the university and the school. However it happened partially, because only the students were involved throughout the process. The same results have not been found with the faculty, that has remained distant of the project actions. For projects of that size to be fully successful, it is necessary that they be constructed from the expectations of the school community and to have a professional link to the university and the responsibility for brokering

Introdução. Afastamentos associados com as doenças infecciosas estão entre as principais causas de absenteísmo de escolares. A legislação atual não dispõe sobre os conteúdos ou as disciplinas que deveriam abordar a importância da higiene das mãos para se evitar a transmissão de doenças infecciosas, tornando necessário investigar como as escolas lidam com o assunto. Objetivo. Expor algumas reflexões sobre os Parâmetros Normativos e Matrizes Curriculares, especificamente o tema transversal relacionado à saúde e contextualizar as condições de infraestrutura para higiene nas escolas do ensino fundamental do Município de Uberaba, MG. Material e métodos. Primeiramente, realizou-se uma análise documental seguida de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Posteriormente, conduziu-se um estudo observacional-seccional (diagnóstico situacional). Para a busca foram utilizadas as bases de dados periódicos CAPES, SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL e Ministério da Educação. A observação estruturada ocorreu em visitas agendadas nas escolas, e foi utilizado um instrumento de observação validado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva. Resultados. A educação é garantida pela Constituição de 1.988 a todos os brasileiros, demonstrando uma preocupação do Estado em manter as crianças nas escolas. Entretanto, a legislação relacionada com o ensino dos temas transversais e questões de saúde surgiu somente dezenove anos mais tarde. Atualmente, as matrizes escolares tratam do tema higiene nos conteúdos de Ciências e Educação Física, porém esse assunto também foi encontrado em Geografia e História. Pesquisas internacionais mostram que as crianças têm baixa adesão na higienização das mãos, o que pode favorecer o surgimento de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias. As escolas do município de Uberaba que foram visitadas possuíam infraestrutura adequada, porém os insumos para a higiene das mãos não eram, em sua maioria, disponibilizados nos banheiros. Conclusão. A legislação mostra a preocupação do Estado com a Educação e a Saúde dos escolares, entretanto, parece haver um hiato na aplicabilidade entre essas leis e a prática. A revisão da literatura internacional revela que as intervenções educativas no ensino fundamental acarretam redução do absenteísmo por infecções. Todavia, as publicações nacionais não permitiram estabelecer tal associação. As escolas estudadas oferecem a infraestrutura física para a higiene dos escolares, entretanto, serão necessários esforços adicionais para conscientizar profissionais e escolares para a disponibilização e uso adequado dos insumos requeridos para a higiene das mãos / Introduction. Clearances associated with infectious diseases are among the leading causes of school absenteeism. The current legislation does not dispose of the contents and subjects that should address the importance of hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases, making it necessary to investigate how schools deal with this issue. Objective. Expose some reflections on the Regulatory Parameters and Course curricula, specifically health related cross-cutting themes, and contextualize the infrastructure conditions for hygiene in primary schools of the city of Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methodology. First, we carried out a document analysis followed by an integrative literature review. Subsequently it was conducted an observational-sectional study (situation analysis). For the search we used the CAPES databases (journals and theses and dissertations), SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Ministry of Education and the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD). The structured observation occurred in scheduled visits in schools, and we used a validated instrument of observation. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Results. Education is guaranteed by the Constitution of 1988 to all Brazilians, demonstrating a concern of the state to keep children in schools. However, the legislation related to the teaching of cross-cutting issues and health issues emerged only nineteen years later. Currently, the school headquarters deal with the subject hygiene in content Sciences and Physical Education, but this subject has also been found in Geography and History. International research shows that children have lower compliance in hand hygiene, which can encourage the emergence of infectious and parasitic diseases. Schools in the city of Uberaba that were visited had adequate infrastructure, but the inputs for hand hygiene were not mostly available in the bathrooms. Conclusion. The Brazilian law shows the state\'s concern for the Education and the Health of school, however, there seems to be a gap in the applicability of these laws and practice. The international literature review reveals that educational interventions in primary education entails reducing absenteeism infections. However, national publications have failed to establish such an association. The studied schools provide the physical infrastructure for the hygiene of the students, however, additional efforts are needed to educate professionals and school for the appropriate provision and use of items necessary for hand hygiene

‘Tell me and I'll forget. Show me, and I may not remember. Involve me, and I'll understand.’ (Chinese proverb) Why is it that children in Year 6 have the ability to construct stories independently, yet at the start of Year 7 the same children have difficulties recalling this knowledge and understanding? Transfer from primary to secondary education has been widely debated for a number of decades. Despite this, Evans et al.’s (2010) evaluation of transition concluded that for over 20% of transferring children, the process remains problematic, leading to inconsistent progress, both academically and socially. Transition research has focused significantly on process and procedures, accumulating data from a wealth of stakeholders, but largely neglecting the voice of the child experiencing this process. My research centres on the child, documenting their learning journey through their transition from primary to secondary school. Galton et al (1999b) identify three elements supporting a child’s continuation of learning post- transfer: enthusiasm for learning; confidence in themselves as learners; and a sense of achievement and purpose. A significant contribution to these qualities is the socio- constructivist view that ‘talk drives learning.’ Clear differences in progress, learning and teaching are contained within the microsystems of classroom life. Therefore, to deepen understanding of contexts of transition it is essential to focus research on language and relationships within such systems. Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological framework (1979) provides a basis for an analysis of the contribution of microsystem relationships and sub- cultures to the social matrix of different and progressive classroom environments. My research used an exploratory multi-case study approach (Merriam, 1988a; Yin, 2009). Three distinct models of transfer were identified and examined in depth. Within each of these cases, the learning of a group of children was observed and key points discussed with them throughout the transition process. Therefore, my research explored transition in the broadest sense, through the child’s experiences. The research moved beyond myth and procedures in order to understand the tools a child needs to transfer into secondary school to ensure sustainable progress and enjoyment of learning. Each of the cases had their own model of transfer. The first, Case1, considered children transferring from the more ‘traditional’ primary school into a ‘secondary’ school. In the second, Case 2, children transferred within an ‘all-through’ school within the same building. The third, Case 3, operated within the experience of Case 2, but transferred from their primary setting into the all-through school (the same school as Case 2). The study expected Case 2 as being the best model of transfer and provider of seamless progression of learning for children in Years 6 and 7. However, each model had case-dependent issues that affect a child’s progress within the wider contexts of transition. As a result, the study acknowledged the impact of previous research and further considered this study’s impact on learning in meso and microsystems. Three main, associated arose across the case studies. The first considered teacher provision during the transition period identifying: • the importance of learning roles and relationships between the child and their teacher, and the child and their peers. • structures of accountability generated by Statutory Assessment Tests (SATs). Within a culture of test-based curriculum structures, the study discusses the impact on children’s learning within continual testing and reporting frameworks. It does not discourage the importance of developing basic skills, but considers the purpose of continually tracking and monitoring children throughout their transition period. The importance of standardised test scores is questioned, as these routines are not followed through post-SATs. • children encouraged to participate in new learning routines and contexts. However, the study identifies an absence of sufficient communication between schools that diminishes consistency of learning opportunities during transfer. In addition, the study highlights differing definitions of independent learning between individual school and classroom contexts. The second considered barriers to the continuous development of independent learning. It further identified the distorting influence of SATs, firstly on a child’s development of independent learning, and secondly, on differences of definition between primary and secondary contexts. It suggested that skills recognised in independent learning are situated within almost singular contexts of primary school. When transferring to secondary school, there is an increased challenge for children to transfer these skills into multifarious contexts. Finally, the study identified the differing challenges of language demands on a child’s continuous learning, specifically • inconsistencies of curriculum terminology between primary and destination schools. • differing language clusters that children develop during group work. I observed that these clusters were transferred within each independent learning activity, but were not recognised in the analysis of my secondary classroom observations. This raised the issue of teacher expectations, questioning whether on transfer teachers expect all children to be classified as ‘workers’, rather than consultant, leader, engineer or technician within group and learning activities. • the role of ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ learning relationships between effective partnerships of ‘novice’ and ‘expert’, concluding that weak novice-to-novice relationships affected the continuity of learning. Findings common across all three cases exposed wider implications for transition. These were compared to the ORACLE studies (Galton et al, 1999b; Hargreaves and Galton, 2002). Recommendations offered were to: • ensure the continuity of learning progression, • promote active participation in learning, • improve the quality of children’s work during the transition period.

The following final thesis "Risky behaviour of lower and upper secondary school students on social networks and its prevention" introduces the topic of primary prevention of cyberbullying and security on social networks with regards to their current use by lower and upper secondary school students. Another aim of the thesis is to ascertain which forms of risky social behaviour the target groups currently encounter on social networks and to find out the ways in which these social networks are used (the most commonly used applications, the frequency of their use etc.). The thesis doesn't focus solely on social networks, it also addresses the subject matter of critical thinking since one of the problematic aspects of using social networks by young people is the fact that they use multiple sources of information without further verification. Following the results of the research, short-term activities of primary prevention for both target groups are proposed. They aim to encourage the development of critical thinking and media studies. The proposed activities can be further incorporated into long-term prevention programmes. They include recommendations for teacher lesson planning and self-study tips. The content of the activities is based on the study of both theoretical and methodological...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francis Valdivia de Matos.pdf: 830837 bytes, checksum: 9810f7a089df8772316e0b4d0f7e3eec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-11 / This study aims to understand the process of identity formation and transformation with monozygotic twins. We intend to analyze how the identity of two twin brothers develops along their life course, considering that both shared the same historical and social context, constituted by structural conditioning factors represented by the family, school, community and society institutions. The identity proposal as a metamorphosis in search of emancipation developed by Prof. Dr. Antonio da Costa Ciampa (1987), was our guiding line for the accomplishment of this research. We chose the life history narrative method to deepen the understanding of the dynamics of the two twin brothers identity formation; in this research they are named Ricardo and Rogério, they are now 50 years old, and are born, raised and living in the city of São Paulo-SP . The study of the identity formation processes involved the primary socialization, focused on the childhood phase and the beginning of school life, as well as the secondary socialization, focused on the period of career choices, beginning of professional life and current life and career moment / O presente estudo tem por objetivo compreender o processo de formação e transformação identitária com gêmeos univitelinos. Pretendemos analisar como as identidades de dois irmãos gêmeos se desenvolve ao longo de sua trajetória de vida, considerando que ambos partilharam o mesmo contexto histórico e social, constituído pelos condicionantes estruturais representados pelas instituições família, escola, comunidade e sociedade. A proposta de identidade como metamorfose em busca de emancipação, desenvolvida pelo Prof. Dr. Antonio da Costa Ciampa (1987), foi nossa linha norteadora para a realização da presente pesquisa. Optamos pelo método de narrativa de historia de vida para aprofundar no entendimento da dinâmica da formação e transformação da identidade dos irmãos gêmeos, aqui chamados de Ricardo e Rogério, hoje com 50 anos de idade, nascidos, criados e residentes na cidade de São Paulo-SP. O estudo dos processos de formação identitária envolven a socialização primária focada na fase da infância e inicio da vida escolar; bem como a socialização secundária focada na fase das escolhas profissionais, trajetória profissional e momento atual de vida e carreira

Les changements climatiques mondiaux ont déjà affecté et continueront d’affecter la physiologie de la vigne, en particulier le rendement et la composition des baies à la récolte, et donc, en définitive, la qualité et la typicité des vins produits. Parmi les différentes stratégies possibles d’adaptation de la viticulture au changement climatique (modifications de l’encépagement, création de nouvelles variétés mieux adaptées aux conditions futures,...), le contrôle de la composition des baies à la récolte par le biais d’une modification des pratiques culturales et notamment par des manipulations de la canopée (rapport feuilles/fruits (Fe/Fr), manipulation de l’exposition des grappes, échardage) est certainement celle qui serait la plus rapide à mettre en œuvre.Ma thèse a pour but de rechercher le meilleur point de compromis entre diminution du taux de sucres et maintien de l’acidité, de l’accumulation des composés phénoliques et d’une complexité aromatique proche de l’actuelle, en réponse aux manipulations de canopée (rapport Fe/Fr, échardage) couplées ou non à l’application d’acide abscissique (ABA).Différents ratio Fe/Fr ont ainsi été étudiés sur le cépage d’étude Cabernet-Sauvignon en conditions semi-contrôlées en serre sur boutures fructifères puis au vignoble au sein d’une parcelle de production. L’analyse de la composition des baies en métabolites primaires et secondaires, réalisée lors de ces deux expériences, a permis de déterminer que le ratio 6 feuilles restantes par grappe était la valeur seuil en dessous de laquelle un effet sur les métabolites primaires est visible. Une diminution du taux de sucres a notamment été observée, également associée à la diminution de la concentration en anthocyanes totales qui sont particulièrement importantes dans la définition de la typicité des vins de Bordeaux. L’application d’ABA exogène sur les baies avant la véraison a permis de diminuer les effets négatifs de la modification du ratio Fe/Fr sur l’accumulation des anthocyanes et n’a pas montré d’impact sur la typicité des vins lors des dégustations des microvinifications réalisées au cours de cette étude. Ces résultats analytiques obtenus ont été couplés à des analyses transcriptomiques de type RNAseq et PCR quantitative en temps réel (Fluidigm) afin d’identifier les gènes clefs associés au voies métaboliques primaires et secondaires réagissant aux modulations du ratio Fe/Fr couplées ou non à l’ajout d’ABA. Ainsi, le couplage modulation du ratio Fe/Fr et application d’ABA exogène sur les baies serait une méthode potentiellement utilisable afin de réduire le taux de sucres et de maintenir une typicité bordelaise proche de l’actuelle.La caractérisation fonctionnelle d'un gène potentiellement associé à la voie de biosynthèse des méthoxypyrazines, impliquées dans le caractère végétal du raisin et du vin, a également été mise en œuvre. Différentes approches ont été testées et ont fourni des indices utiles, cependant les résultats obtenus sont encore en cours de confirmation. / Global climate changes have already affected and will continue to affect the physiology of grapevine, in particular the yield and berry composition at harvest, and thus ultimately the quality and typicality of the wines produced. Among the different possible strategies of adapting viticulture to climate change (changes varieties, creation of new varieties better adapted to future conditions,...), modulating berry composition at harvest through changing cultural practices, such as manipulations of the canopy (leaf / fruit ratio, grape exposure), may be a fast and efficient option as a short-term adaptation strategy.My thesis aims to find the best point of compromise between reducing the sugar level and, maintaining the acidity, phenolic compounds, and the aromatic complexity by the canopy manipulations (leaves / fruits ratio, secondary shoot removal), coupled or not with the application of abscisic acid.Different leaf / fruit ratios were studied on the Cabernet-Sauvignon cultivar in greenhouse and in vineyard within a plot of production. The berry composition analysis of primary and secondary metabolites, performed in these two experiments, made it possibleto determine that the ratio of 6 leaves remaining per cluster was the threshold value below which an effect on the primary metabolites is visible. A decrease in the sugar content was especially observed, also associated with a decrease in the concentration of total anthocyanins which are particularly important in the definition of the typicality of Bordeaux wines. The application of exogenous abscisic acid to the berries before veraison permitted to reduce the negative effects of the modification of the leaf-to-fruit ratio on the accumulation of anthocyanins and did not affect the typicality of the wines during the tastings of the microvinifications carried out during this study. These analytical results were coupled with transcriptomic analyses of RNAseq and real-time quantitative PCR (Fluidigm) to identify key genes associated with the primary and secondary metabolic pathways reacting to modulations of leaf-to-fruit ratio coupled or not with the addition of abscisic acid.Thus, the coupling modulation of the leaf-to-fruit ratio to the application of exogenous abscisic acid on the berries would be a usable method to reduce the sugar content and maintain a typicality of Bordeaux wines close to the current one.The functional characterization of a gene potentially associated with the biosynthetic pathway of methoxypyrazines, which are involved in vegetable character of grapes and wine, was also conducted. Different approaches have been tested and provided useful clues but the conclusive results are still under further confirmation.