Ämne/Kurs: Kandidatuppsats, Medie- och Kommunikationsvetenskap, 15 hp Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka en specifik förpackning, i det här fallet produkten “Jabu’she”, om den förpackningen uppfyller vad som krävs för att kommuni cera sitt varumärke genom marknadskommunikativa uppgifter.  Detta för att se om varumärket är den viktigaste grafiska nyckelkomponenten på den förpackningen.  Metod: Detta är en kvantitativ undersökning, utförd med en datorstödd enkät.  Studien har arbetat med en metod framtagen av DeukSoo Kim. Teoretiska perspektiv: I teorikapitlet behandlas de teoretiska utgångspunkter som ligger till grund för det valda problemområdet; Marknadskommunikation med vikt på Point of Purchase och Visuell kommunikation med vikt på Visuell Hierarki Slutsats: Studien visar hur Jabushés förpackning uppfyller de visuellt hierarkiska och marknadskommunikativa uppgifter som ställs på en förpackning vid Point of Purchase. / Course: Bachelor thesis in Media and Communication Science Purpose: The purpose with this bachelor essay is to examine a specific package, in this case the product Jabu’she, if the package fulfil what is needed to communi cate its brand thrue marketing communication.  This, to see if the brand is the most important graphic cue element on the package. Methodology: This is a quantitative survey, executade with an computerbased questionaire. The study used a method developed by DeukSoo Kim. Theoretic  framework: This study use theories from Marketing Communication with emphasis on Point od Purchase and Visual Communication with the emphasis on hierarchy. Conclusion: The Study shows how Jabushés package answer to the visual and marketing communication requirements that is set upon a package at Point of Purchase.

Submitted by Mariana Monte Alegre de Paiva (mmapaiva@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-16T15:25:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese.pdf: 1826581 bytes, checksum: a1ad1d51ebdcc40ec1744c71de92b05e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-01-16T16:24:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese.pdf: 1826581 bytes, checksum: a1ad1d51ebdcc40ec1744c71de92b05e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-16T19:05:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese.pdf: 1826581 bytes, checksum: a1ad1d51ebdcc40ec1744c71de92b05e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / O trabalho pretende examinar as principais controvérsias tributárias decorrentes dos mecanismos contratuais de ajuste de preço, usualmente utilizados em contratos de aquisição de participação societária, no contexto de operações societárias de fusões e aquisições (também denominadas em conjunto como “transações”). Especialmente em grandes transações, é bastante comum que as partes envolvidas, com base nos resultados da auditoria e da diligência legal, discordem em relação a alguns aspectos da própria avaliação financeira da empresa (“empresa-alvo”) ou a respeito de passivos e contingências específicos envolvidos no negócio. Para alcançar um consenso, as partes podem estabelecer condições, ajustes e limitações ao pagamento do preço. Assim, o preço poderá variar dependendo de certos eventos, sofrendo alterações – complementações ou até reduções – conforme as cláusulas contratuais acordadas. Existem diversos mecanismos contratuais que vem sendo aprimorados ao longo do tempo para flexibilizar a determinação do preço, dentre os quais destacamos aqueles utilizados com mais frequência na prática: earn out; holdback e escrow, ajustes de preço e indenizações. No caso brasileiro, é possível verificar que esses mecanismos contratuais são usados, às vezes, sem tanta atenção aos seus desdobramentos no campo tributário. Como a legislação tributária existente não regulamenta de forma totalmente precisa e completa os impactos desses mecanismos contratuais, a sua implementação pode eventualmente gerar problemas para o comprador e o vendedor perante o Fisco. Diante disso, a intenção desse trabalho é abordar as principais controvérsias tributárias envolvendo tais mecanismos. Para tanto, é preciso comentar a respeito do propósito e do funcionamento desses mecanismos, abordar sua natureza jurídica e determinar os seus respectivos impactos no campo tributário, levando em consideração a legislação vigente e a jurisprudência. O trabalho destacará as questões polêmicas envolvidas, indicando pontos de atenção que podem gerar possíveis questionamentos pelo Fisco. O trabalho ainda propõe sugestões e recomendações práticas na utilização de cada mecanismo contratual e aponta alguns cuidados essenciais na redação dos contratos e nos procedimentos adotados para mitigar os riscos tributários. / This thesis aims to examine the main tax controversies related to the contractual mechanisms of price adjustment commonly used in share sales and purchase agreements in the context of merger and acquisition transactions (“M&A transactions”). Especially in large transactions, based on the due diligence results, the parties usually disagree in relation to some aspects of the valuation of the target company or in respect to certain liabilities involved in the deal. In order to reach an agreement, the parties may establish some conditions, adjustments or restrictions in respect to the purchase price payment. Hence, the purchase price may be modified, either through increases or reductions, depending on certain events and considering the actual clauses agreed by the parties. There are several contractual mechanisms that have been improved over time to enable the purchase price determination, among which we stress those used more frequently, namely: earn out, holdback / escrow account, other price adjustments and indemnification. In Brazil, these contractual mechanisms are often used without much attention to the tax impacts. Their use may lead to disputes between Tax Authorities and the parties to the acquisition, mainly because the current tax legislation does not address the impacts of such mechanisms in a precise and complete manner. In view of the above, this thesis aims to examine the main tax controversies involved in those contractual mechanisms. For that purpose, it is relevant to first comment on the business and economic purpose and the function of these main mechanisms, and then analyze their legal nature, considering the current tax legislation and case law. Finally, the thesis covers the contentious tax aspects involved, highlighting the issues that may eventually be challenged by Tax Authorities. The thesis also provides some practical suggestions and recommendations on the use of each contractual mechanism, as well as points out some aspects to be considered when drafting clauses and procedures to be adopted to mitigate additional tax risks.

Submitted by Michel Rocha (michelrocha7@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-08T19:29:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marketing -Rocha - dissertacao vfinal.pdf: 680769 bytes, checksum: 850e0cd985dc5ec57d2551decd2c1d7d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-05-08T19:46:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marketing -Rocha - dissertacao vfinal.pdf: 680769 bytes, checksum: 850e0cd985dc5ec57d2551decd2c1d7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T20:02:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marketing -Rocha - dissertacao vfinal.pdf: 680769 bytes, checksum: 850e0cd985dc5ec57d2551decd2c1d7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-09 / According to the Marketing´s specific literature, the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has often been driven by companies in order to anticipate the behavior of consumers who are increasingly demanding this type of initiative, setting up as an act of Social Marketing. Research indicates that, despite the claiming to be prone to consider the social attitudes of the companies in their purchasing choices, the consumer does not act in accordance with their stated intentions, creating a gap between intention and purchase behavior. The objective of this dissertation, taking as its starting point the observation of the Vivo´s deployment of 3G coverage in the community of Belterra-PA is to check the importance of stakeholder consumer regarding the context of Corporate Social Responsibility through two observation points: from the companies perspective, verifying if the consumer is considered among the motivators for managers at the time of investment decision in Corporate Social Responsibility actions, and from the consumers perspective, verifying if the Brazilians consumers value and legitimize these initiatives through their buying behavior. We start from an extensive literature review about Corporate Social Responsibility in order to trace how this topic has been linked to the field of Marketing. Regarding to the companies motivators, we wrote a case study about the project “Conexão Belterra” having as information sources magazines, blogs, company executives’ in-depth interviews and academic work research (Cruz, 2002). Despite the observation this action is aligned with its mission and objective, the company did not consider the consumer as a key motivator when implementing this CSR initiative. In relation to the consumer behavior, we locate the Öberseder, Schlegelmilch e Gruber (2011) paper, whose theoretical and methodological approach, as well the roadmap for research, served us as a guide for the development of our own empirical research. We conducted a qualitative study with 16 indepth interviews in order to explore how consumers’ perceptions about SR interfere in their evaluation process as purchasing behavior. Our results largely corroborate in the same direction of the results of Öberseder, Schlegelmilch e Gruber (2011), although bringing new specific socio-cultural aspects regarding Brazil contexto. / Segundo literatura específica do marketing, o tema de responsabilidade social empresarial (RSE) tem sido, muitas vezes, conduzido pelas empresas com o objetivo de antecipar o comportamento de consumidores que estão demandando cada vez mais esse tipo de iniciativa, configurando-se como uma ação de marketing social. Pesquisas indicam que, apesar de afirmar estar propenso a considerar as atitudes sociais das empresas em suas escolhas de compra, o consumidor não age de acordo com suas intenções declaradas, criando aparentemente uma lacuna entre intenção e comportamento de compra. O objetivo deste trabalho, tendo como ponto de partida a implantação de cobertura 3G na cidade de Belterra, no Pará, pela Vivo, é verificar a importância do stakeholder cliente dentro do contexto RSE da Vivo, por meio de dois pontos de observação: pela ótica das empresas, se o consumidor está entre os motivadores considerados pelos gestores no momento de decisão de investimento na condução de ações de RSE, e, pela ótica dos consumidores, se os brasileiros valorizam e legitimam essas iniciativas com a concretização do seu comportamento de compra. Partimos de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica sobre RSE, a fim de localizarmos, na literatura, como este tema tem sido atrelado ao campo do marketing. Em relação à observação dos motivadores das empresas, compusemos um estudo de caso sobre o projeto Conexão Belterra, tendo como fonte de informação revistas, blogs, entrevistas com executivos da empresa e pesquisa em um trabalho acadêmico dedicado ao levantamento dos resultados dessa implantação (CRUZ, 2002). Apesar de observar que a escolha dessa ação está alinhada com a missão e objetivo da empresa, exemplificando bem a relação entre seu negócio e a sociedade, essa decisão não teve o consumidor como um motivador-chave para sua condução. Em relação ao comportamento do consumidor, localizamos o trabalho desenvolvido por Öberseder, Schlegelmilch e Gruber (2011), cuja base teórica e metodológica, bem como o roteiro de pesquisa, serviu de guia para o desenvolvimento da nossa própria pesquisa empírica. Conduzimos uma pesquisa qualitativa, com 16 entrevistas em profundidade, a fim de explorarmos como as percepções acerca de ações de RSE interferem no processo de avaliação dos consumidores como critério de compra. Os resultados alcançados corroboram, em grande parte, os resultados da pesquisa de Öberseder, Schlegelmilch e Gruber (2011), embora tragam aspectos novos específicos do contexto sociocultural brasileiro.

This thesis aims to judge the serviceability of the Angloamerican institutes of due diligence in the context of the European continental legal system, specifically in the context of the Czech legal system, in connection with selling business. The first part defines the term due diligence, describes the evolution of due diligence during time, distinguishes its different meanings and shows the content of the term. Furthermore, it introduces its division and particular types. The following parts deal with the legal regulation of the Purchase of Business Agreement and its essential procedural requirements. In the conclusion, the possible problems on which it is appropriate to focus on are mentioned.

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, countless studies have been conducted about the pandemic regarding people's physical and mental health, but there is a significant gap on the persistent effects on consumer behaviour. Hence, this thesis aimed to investigate if there is a relationship between the social constraints as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential increased engagement of post-purchase behaviour. The research focused exclusively on Swedish female millennials who are active social media users.    The research used a deductive approach by formulating hypotheses based on already existing theories. The explanatory design was used when aiming to investigate a causal relationship between two variables, i.e., prior to the pandemic compared to today. Further, a quantitative strategy was used by collecting primary data through a questionnaire, which thereafter was analysed through SPSS, using the paired sample t-test. To target the desired sample a convenience sampling method was used which collected a total of 226 respondents, with 197 valid participants. The sample was collected through several Facebook groups, combined with the utilizing of the authors own social media channels. Since this study aimed to measure engagement, the key concepts were converted in the survey questions to more specific terms, by a modified existing scale. Indicators were established to be able to measure the engagement under controlled conditions.   Furthermore, the results from the statistical tests resulted in a p-value to confirm or reject the null hypothesis, followed by a correlation coefficient value to determine the strength of the relationship. The empirical findings combined indicated significant evidence that because of the social constraints since the COVID-19 outbreak, there has been an increased engagement in the post-purchase behaviour on social media for Swedish female millennials. This was confirmed through a p-value of 0.000 in the t-tests for all seven hypotheses. Furthermore, all tests show correlation values between 0.449 and 0.617, which means that all the existing relationships are positive.    This means that during the period when COVID-19 has been an active societal problem with all its effects, the new living conditions have entailed an increased involvement in post-purchase behaviour on social media for Swedish female millennials. If corporations take these changed behaviours in consideration and adapt the marketing strategy accordingly, it  can contribute to increased sales as the credibility of the brand gets strengthened through the transparency that the customer base values.

The thesis "Purchasing tendency of consumers buying fair-trade products" examines aspects that influence consumer behaviour when buying fair-trade products. The thesis is based on a combination of two research methods - secondary data analysis and semi-structured interview. Secondary research uses data from a survey focused on the purchase, preferences and attitudes of fair-trade that was carried out by the Institute of evaluations and social analysis (INESAN). The quantitative part consist of two texts. The first part concentrates on finding aspects that can play a role in consumers' preference in purchasing fair-trade products. The second part concentrates on the purchase itself. It focuses on the extent to which consumers' purchase of fair- trade products is planned or impulsive. The qualitative part is based on quantitative analysis and focuses on established facts in detail. The thesis concludes that buying fair-trade products is influenced by social aspects, quality, price, availability and awareness of fair-trade products and the level of planning depends on the situation.

Actualmente, los smartphones se han vuelto parte de la vida cotidiana de las personas, ya que suelen utilizarse para trabajo, estudio, etc. De esta forma, las marcas al darse cuenta de esta tendencia crean sus páginas webs y aplicaciones propias, en las cuales el consumidor no necesita estar presente en la tienda, ya que en cuestión de segundos puede entrar a la web a través de su dispositivo y enterarse de lo que ofrece cada tienda virtual. Es por ello que el presente trabajo de investigación abarca el siguiente tema: Factores externos e internos en relación a la compra impulsiva en el comercio móvil. Para entender lo mencionado anteriormente, la investigación se basa en tres variables: calidad del sitio web, compra por impulso y compra de valor, las cuales tienen influencia significativa en la decisión de compra del consumidor. Para la metodología, se basó en una muestra de 400 personas que compran de manera impulsiva en un dispositivo móvil. Además, el estudio pretende analizar la relación que existe entre las variables mencionadas anteriormente. Asimismo, para la escala de medición, se empleó un cuestionario en línea con la escala de Likert del 1 al 5, donde 1= Totalmente en desacuerdo y 5= Fuertemente de acuerdo. Finalmente, para el análisis estadístico correspondiente, se evaluará mediante ecuaciones estructurales con el software Smart PLS. / Currently, smartphones have become part of people's daily lives, since they are often used for work, study, etc. In this way, brands, realizing this trend, create their own web pages and applications, in which the consumer doesn't need to be present in the store, since in a matter of seconds they can enter the web through their device and find out what each virtual store offers. For this reason, this research work covers the following topic: External and internal factors in relation to impulse buying in mobile commerce. To understand the aforementioned, the research is based on three variables: website quality, impulse buying and value shopping, which have significant influence on the consumer's purchase decision. For the methodology, it was based on a sample of 400 people who buy impulsively on a mobile device and aims to analyze the relationship between the variables mentioned above. Likewise, for the measurement scale, an online questionnaire was used with the Likert scale from 1 to 5, where 1 = Totally disagree and 5 = Strongly agree. Finally, for the corresponding statistical analysis, it will be evaluated using structural equations with the Smart PLS software. / Trabajo de investigación

The study was conducted in Harare as regards Zimbabwe’s mobile telecommunications sector, examining the influence of a selected factors on consumers’ awareness of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the effects that CSR awareness has on consumers. The practice of CSR influences a number of business aspects including firm financials, corporate image, corporate reputation and market share. This study has been ignited by the fact that little evidence exist in studies covering the precursors and effects of CSR awareness from the consumers’ perspective. More so, that Zimbabwe’s mobile telecommunications sector is currently the fastest growing sector accompanied with numerous CSR activities. The present study therefore sought to answer the questions which includes; (i) does ethical consumerism, consumer rights awareness, socio-environmental awareness and consumer generosity culture influence consumer awareness of CSR in the mobile telecommunications sector? (ii) what is the effect of age, gender and level of education on consumer awareness of CSR in the mobile telecommunications sector? (iii) what is the influence of consumer awareness of CSR on corporate image, consumer attitude, purchase intention and actual purchase behaviour in the mobile telecommunications sector? (iv) what is the effect of corporate image on consumer attitude in the mobile telecommunications sector? (v) what is the effect of consumer attitude on purchase intention in the mobile telecommunications sector? (vi) what is the effect of purchase intention on actual purchase behaviour in the mobile telecommunications sector? A mixed research study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire on 1,100 mobile telecommunications sector consumers in Harare, Zimbabwe. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS with AMOS while qualitative data was analysed using NVIVO. The study results indicate that ethical consumerism, consumer rights awareness, socio-environmental awareness and consumer generosity positively influence consumer CSR awareness while age, gender and level of education do not influence consumer CSR awareness. CSR awareness proves to have a direct influence on corporate image, consumer attitude, purchase intention and not on actual purchase behaviour. The study findings show a direct positive relationship among corporate image, consumer attitude, purchase intention and actual purchase behaviour. The study recognized that respondents are aware of CSR in the form of firm donations, assistance towards social causes, improving the environment, building or renovating facilities, good services, affordable prices and promotional programs. Study results points out that respondents are aware of CSR through platforms such as advertising, sending text messages, firms’ ethical or professional conduct, campaigns and exhibitions. / Business Management / D. B. L.(Business Leadership)

No description available.

Los perfiles de compra en los canales modernos tienen muchas implicancias que forman parte de la forma de compra en un establecimiento. Estas implicancias están muy relacionadas a la elección de compra final de un producto o categoría, lo cual se vuelve un patrón repetitivo que es materia final de investigación. Por esta razón fue necesario considerar variables de investigación que pueda formar parte de este patrón y que pueden actuar como principales generadores de elección de comprar para determinar perfiles en los autoservicios. Estas variables son la decisión de compra, la cual explica las formas en la que un consumidor puede elegir un producto, luego se encuentra el precio como un factor esencial en la decisión de una categoría para un perfil de compra, después, está la percepción de calidad de un producto que puede ser un concepto amplio y diferente para cada perfil y por último, se encuentra variables sociodemográficas como el género, la edad y la ubicación, los cuales forman el esquema de formación de los perfiles de compra en el autoservicio. / Purchasing profiles in modern channels have many implications that are part of the way people buy in a store. These implications are closely related to the final purchase choice of a product or category, which becomes a repetitive pattern that is the final matter of research. For this reason it was necessary to consider research variables that may be part of this pattern and that may act as the main generators of choice of purchase to determine profiles in self-service stores. These variables are the purchase decision, which explains the ways in which a consumer can choose a product, then there is the price as an essential factor in the decision of a category for a purchase profile, then there is the perception of quality of a product that can be a broad and different concept for each profile and finally, there are sociodemographic variables such as gender, age and location, which form the scheme of formation of purchase profiles in self-service. / Trabajo de investigación