This current research analyze the productive restructuring of capital and the labor issue in coffee agroindustry and their outcomes in the process of agrarian area output in Barra do Choça town, BA. Therefore, this analysis presents foremost a review of Agrarian Geographical literature for understanding the insertion of capital in the countryside and its process of monopolization upon territory. This approach is done from analytical perspectives, which are the coffee agriculture territorialization in national, regional and municipal scales, government functions and the importance of the labor process in the configuration and production from agrarian area. Afterwards, are examined the outcomes of the productive restructuring of capital into coffee activity in the town analyzed. Thus, Brazilian agriculture modernization, metamorphosis into relations of work and countryside productions were the issues analyzed, this way is revealed contradictions as capital-labor in the coffee activity. Lastly, the assignment main point is shown into spatial production since this matter is fundamental for comprehension of linkage city-countryside and the social-spatial transformations in the production site (coffee unit) and the reproduction (laborers spatial residences). The results allowed the asserting that the productive restructuring of capital in spite of having a firm linkage with industrial activity, has been upgrading and being insert into agriculture, even in concern production relations or relations in work and which is presented into a shaky way. The coffee activity at Barra do Choça town assures this hypothesis worked on. This town had passed through a major economic and social dynamism by the means of coffee growing, but many reasons provoked a crisis which took to a decadency of many producers, mainly, those who were not able to be filled in into a new productive logical. Nevertheless, is noticed a retake of this activity under another productive molds, but with huge shaky relations and conditions of labor and the laborers politics languishing of coffee, in front of disorganization. This scenario has been deepening even more the conditions of life from the laborers that got the capital s harming. Lastly, the examination of social-spatial outcomes has shown linkages of coffee works with countryside-city relation and still with production of space into a coffee unit and in the laborers spatial residences. In face of it, the space of work and home, express the precariousness onto labor, production relations and denounce the instancy of capital concerns. Methodologically the research also was developed by a field work with interviews in coffee productions units onto town, interviews semi-structured with some laborers linked with coffee segment, as much capital personification, as laborers too. Also were applied random sampling questionnaires. / A presente pesquisa analisa a reestruturação produtiva do capital e a questão do trabalho na agroindústria cafeeira e seus rebatimentos no processo de produção do espaço agrário no município de Barra do Choça - BA. Para tanto, essa análise apresenta, num primeiro momento, uma revisão da literatura da Geografia Agrária para entender a inserção do capital no campo e seu processo de monopolização sobre o território. Esta abordagem é feita tendo como parâmetro analítico a territorialização da agricultura cafeeira nas escalas nacional, regional e municipal, do papel do Estado e da importância do processo de trabalho na configuração e produção do espaço agrário. Num segundo momento, são examinados os rebatimentos da reestruturação produtiva do capital na atividade cafeeira no município em tela. Destarte, foi analisada a questão da modernização da agricultura brasileira e as metamorfoses nas relações de trabalho e da produção no campo, de modo a revelar as contradições capital-trabalho na atividade cafeeira. Por último, é tratada a centralidade do trabalho na produção do espaço por entender que esta questão é fundamental para a compreensão da relação campo-cidade e das transformações sócio-espaciais no local de produção (unidade cafeeira) e de reprodução (espaço de moradia dos trabalhadores). Os resultados permitiram afirmar que a reestruturação produtiva do capital apesar de ter um forte vínculo com a atividade industrial, tem avançado e penetrado na agricultura, tanto no que se refere às relações de produção quanto nas relações de trabalho e que apresenta na forma precarizada. A atividade cafeeira no município de Barra do Choça confirma esta hipótese trabalhada. Este município viveu um período de grande dinamismo econômico e social em decorrência da cafeicultura, mas vários motivos provocaram uma crise que levou a decadência de muitos produtores, sobretudo, daqueles que não conseguiram se inserir na nova lógica produtiva. Entretanto, observa-se uma retomada desta atividade em outros moldes produtivos, mas com intensa precarização das condições e relações de trabalho e do enfraquecimento político dos trabalhadores do café, face a sua desorganização. Este cenário tem agravado ainda mais as condições de vida dos trabalhadores submetidos às urdiduras do capital. Por último, o exame dos rebatimentos sócio-espaciais mostrou as vinculações do trabalho cafeeiro com a relação cidade-campo e ainda com a produção do espaço na unidade cafeeira e no local de moradia dos trabalhadores. Diante disso, o espaço do trabalho e da moradia, expressa a precariedade nas relações de trabalho e produção e denunciam a imperatividade dos interesses do capital. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida também por trabalho de campo com a realização de visitas em unidades de produção cafeeira do município, realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com alguns atores sociais ligados ao segmento cafeeiro, tanto as personificações do capital, como também trabalhadores. Também foram aplicados questionários com amostragem aleatória.

Chronic hypoxia is a state of oxygen limitation that is common in many aquatic and terrestrial environments. Metabolic suppression is an essential strategy that is used by hypoxia-tolerant champions such as goldfish and naked mole-rats to cope with prolonged low oxygen. This thesis examines the physiological processes used by goldfish and naked mole-rats to survive in low oxygen environments. It proposes a novel mechanism - the remodeling of membrane lipids - to reduce ATP use and production. Temperature (homeoviscous adaptation), diet (natural doping in migrant birds) and body mass (membrane pacemaker of metabolism) have an impact on the lipid composition of membranes that, in turn, modulates metabolism. In chapters 2 and 3 of this thesis, I demonstrate that vertebrate champions of hypoxia tolerance undergo extensive changes in membrane lipid composition upon in vivo exposure to low oxygen. These changes and those observed in hibernating mammals can promote the downregulation of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (major ATP consumers), mitochondrial respiration capacity [OXPHOS (phosphorylating conditions), proton leak (non-phosphorylating conditions), cytochrome c oxidase], and energy metabolism (β-oxidation and glycolysis) as discussed in chapters 3 and 4. A common membrane signal regulating the joint inhibition of ion pumps and channels could be an exquisite way to preserve the balance between ATP supply and demand in hypometabolic states. In chapter 5, I show that the reduction in ATP turnover is also orchestrated by mechanisms that involve post-translational and post-transcriptional modifications and epigenetic changes. Membrane remodeling, together with these more traditional molecular mechanisms, could work in concert to cause metabolic suppression.

Orientador: Marcelo Dornelis Carvalhal / Resumo: O tema central dessa pesquisa de mestrado é a venda da força de trabalho de assentados da reforma agrária ao setor canavieiro, no Pontal do Paranapanema. Esses assentados são agregados nos lotes dos pais, ou seja, são os filhos daqueles que lutaram e conquistaram a terra. Esses sujeitos são, ao mesmo tempo, camponeses e trabalhadores assalariados no agrohidronegócio canavieiro. Discutimos as relações de trabalho no setor e o processo saúde-doença na atual etapa de reestruturação produtiva caracterizada pelas atividades agrícolas mecanizadas, pelas mudanças na organização do trabalho e pelo trabalho precário, terceirizado e pelo desemprego gerado na lógica flexibilizada da acumulação capitalista. Percebemos que os maiores riscos para a saúde e a segurança dos trabalhadores que atuam nas funções mecanizadas são decorrentes do ritmo intenso das atividades laborais, da forte pressão para atingir as metas e a falta de pausas na jornada de trabalho. Esse ritmo frenético causa colisões, tombamentos e incêndios nas máquinas. Além disso, o trabalho noturno e em turnos de revezamento também podem constituir fatores de risco para os trabalhadores já que eleva o estresse, o cansaço e o desgaste do corpo. Assim, apesar da máquina estar fortemente presente nos canaviais e ter gerado um grande desemprego no setor, o trabalho humano ainda é imprescindível no plantio e corte de cana-de-açúcar. Esse trabalho mecanizado, representado como o oposto do corte manual de cana-de-açúcar, na verdade e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The central theme of this master’s research is the sale of land reform settlers' work to the sugarcane sector at Pontal do Paranapanema. These settlers are aggregated in the parent's lots, that is, are the children of those who fought and conquered the land. These subjects are, at the same time, peasants and workers in the sugarcane agro-hydro-business. We have discussed working relations in the sector and the health-care process in the current phase of productive restructuring, characterized by mechanized agricultural activities, for changes in work organisation and precarious, outsourced work and the resulting unemployment in the flexible logic of capital accumulation. We understand that the greatest risks to mechanized workers' health and safety are due to the intense pace of work, strong pressure to achieve the goals and the lack of breaks in the working day. This frantic pace causes collisions, engine overturns and fires. In addition to this, night and shift works may also constitute risk factors for workers since it increases stress, fatigue and the wear of the body. Thus, although the machine is strongly present and have generated a great unemployment in the sugarcane fields, human labour is still imperative in the planting and cutting of sugarcane. This mechanized work, portrayed as the opposite of manual sugarcane cutting, in fact hides wicked faces of overexploitation of labour in which can be seen the extension of working hours, the intensified work schedule and th... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Although an extensive body of literature exists on the consequences of work-family conflict (WFC), comparatively little research has examined the construct's antecedents. Research on two sets of antecedent variables, personality and coping style, is particularly scarce. Thus, the present study expands the literature by examining four personality variables (conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and locus of control) and five coping styles (problem solving, support seeking, positive cognitive restructuring, rumination, and escape) in relation to work-interference-with-family (WIF) and family-interference-with-work (FIW) conflict. Additionally, coping style, which was assessed separately for managing work stressors and for managing family stressors, was examined as a potential mediator between personality and both directions of WFC. Two hundred and four participants, recruited from a snowball approach, completed surveys. Additionally, significant others provided ratings of conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism. Of the four personality variables, only neuroticism related to WIF and FIW. Furthermore, among the hypothesized relationships between coping and WFC, only rumination and escape for work stressors related to WIF, though several cross-domain relationships were observed. Overall, the present study found little support for coping as a mediator between personality and WFC, though there was some evidence that rumination mediated the relationship between neuroticism and WIF. As a supplementary analysis, coping was examined as a moderator between personality and WFC. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as future directions, are discussed.

During the last century, not only the legal literature but also the literature in many fields along with government efforts on all levels, were all mainly devoted to the debate of trade liberalization in general, and specifically to the case of the expected gains from using international agreements as a tool to remove the trade barriers. Meanwhile, all the parties have paid little attention to profound questions about identifying the impediments that they are facing and the other possible options that might maximize the general welfare, which are the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. This dissertation will address that under-researched question, and it will try to identify some of those impediments that are facing the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. The dissertation will mainly focus on the different premerger control laws that are adopted around the globe, as an impediment that faces the cross-border mergers and acquisitions, and it will try to identify the drawbacks of those laws and most importantly develop and examine reforming proposals. The underlying result of this dissertation will reveal that the multijurisdictional premerger control laws across the globe have numerous drawbacks that are actual impediments that face mergers and acquisitions in general, and especially the cross-border transactions. In addition to that, the best reformative option is the abolishing of the premerger control laws, or in other words the deregulation of the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. The conclusion of this dissertation is that using the law as a useful tool should be reinvented on two dimensions, at one end of the spectrum the law should enable the state possibilities that are required to give a hand and facilitate the entry to markets, by abolishing the premerger control laws i.e. deregulating mergers and acquisitions, and at the other end of the spectrum the law should grant the state the power to monitor and challenge those practices that might cause harm to employees or consumers, before the courts, along with the primary power to challenge anticompetitive behaviors.

Emotionella reaktioner bidrar till kroppsligt stresspåslag vilketpåverkar blodsockernivåerna. Syftet med studien var att undersökaskillnaden i tillämpning av kognitiv omstrukturering bland typ1-diabetiker vid lågt respektive högt blodsocker samt skillnaden itillämpningen beroende på antal år av sjukdomen(sjukdomsförloppet). Vi undersökte även sambandet mellan kognitivomstruktureringen och diabetesrelaterad stress generellt och vid lågtoch högt blodsocker. En enkätundersökning genomfördes därdeltagarna (N = 69) fick besvara frågor om kognitiv omstruktureringvid antingen lågt eller högt blodsocker samt diabetesrelaterad stress.Resultaten visade att det inte fanns en skillnad i tillämpning avkognitiv omstrukturering vid lågt respektive högt blodsocker eller vidsjukdomsförloppet. Resultatet visade inget samband mellan kognitivomstrukturering och diabetesrelaterad stress generellt eller vid lågtoch högt blodsocker. Sammanfattningsvis påvisar studien attdiabetiker tillämpar kognitiv omstrukturering i låg utsträckningoavsett blodsockernivå och sjukdomsförlopp samt upplevde högdiabetesrelaterad stress. / Emotional reaction contributes bodily stress, which affects bloodsugar levels. This study examined differences in application ofcognitive restructuring among type 1-diabetics in low and high bloodsugar and the differences in application depending on the number ofyears with disease (disease course). We examined the relationshipbetween cognitive restructuring and diabetes-related distress ingeneral and low and high blood sugar. A survey conducted in whichparticipants (N = 69) answered questions about cognitiverestructuring in low or high blood sugar and diabetes-relateddistress. Results showed no difference in application of cognitiverestructuring in low and high blood sugar or in disease course.Results showed no connection between cognitive restructuring anddiabetes-related distress in general or in low and high blood sugar.Thus, this study shows that diabetics applied cognitive restructuringto a low extent regardless of blood sugar levels, disease course andexperienced high diabetes-related distress.

[pt] Esta dissertação se propõe a analisar o trabalho informal diante do contexto das transformações societárias internacionais a partir da década 1970 e no Brasil desde a década de 1990. Buscou-se enfatizar os principais fatores que geram o aumento da informalidade nas relações e contratações de trabalho nas duas primeiras décadas do século XXI. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base em estudos bibliográficos produzidos por autores críticos do modo de produção capitalista, que defendem a tese da crise estrutural do capitalismo, mas não só, recorreu-se a outras literaturas para a exposição de posições diferentes e por vezes, opostas. Compartilhamos das análises que comprovam que a crise desencadeada na década de 1970 impôs várias estratégias para a manutenção da ordem vigente. Para efeitos dessa dissertação priorizou-se a noção de reestruturação produtiva e neoliberalismo, que articuladamente afetam o conjunto da sociedade em diferentes níveis. No cenário brasileiro essas estratégias desencadearam variadas formas de precarização do trabalho. Além desse debate teórico, abordou-se surgimento do conceito de trabalho informal e as diferentes perspectivas teóricas adotadas por pesquisadores e analistas do tema ao longo dos anos. Como resultado, a pesquisa mostra que a interpretação acerca do trabalho informal é heterogênea, podendo influenciar no escopo dos direitos do trabalho e nos níveis de exploração. Os índices de trabalhadores informais seguem em crescimento no Brasil o que afeta as condições de vida da população de modo geral. / [en] This dissertation aims to analyze informal work in the context of international societal transformations since the 1970s and in Brazil since the 1990s. first two decades of the 21st century. The research was developed based on bibliographic studies produced by critical authors of the capitalist mode of production, who defend the thesis of the structural crisis of capitalism, but not only that, other literatures were used to expose different and sometimes opposing positions. We share the analyzes that prove that the crisis unleashed in the 1970s imposed several strategies to maintain the current order. For the purposes of this dissertation, priority was given to the notion of productive restructuring and neoliberalism, which articulately affect society as a whole at different levels. In the Brazilian scenario, these strategies triggered various forms of precarious work. In addition to this theoretical debate, the emergence of the concept of informal work and the different theoretical perspectives adopted by researchers and analysts on the subject over the years was addressed. As a result, the research shows that the interpretation of informal work is heterogeneous and may influence the scope of labor rights and levels of exploitation. Indices of informal workers continue to grow in Brazil, which affects the living conditions of the population in general.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem o objetivo analisar o trabalho do Serviço Social na Empresa Brasileira de Infraestrutura Aeroportuária (INFRAERO) no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19. Na pesquisa realizada, foram analisadas as mudanças ocorridas na empresa mediante sua reestruturação, com a concessão dos aeroportos à iniciativa privada, movimento iniciado em 2011. Um segundo momento foi destinado às mudanças ocorridas em função da pandemia do Covid-19, em 2020, que torna ainda mais precária as condiçõesde vida dos sujeitos envolvidos. O resultado da pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica que teve por base 09 entrevistas semiestruturadas às profissionais que integraram a equipe de Serviço Social da empresa Infraero, evidenciaramque o cenário pandêmico foi apenas um fator agravante do contexto de perda de direitos e precarização das condições de trabalho e de vida, tanto dos sujeitos atendidos pela equipe de Serviço Social, quanto pela própria categoria, que ao longo da minha trajetória no curso de mestrado foi drasticamente reduzida, culminando na redistribuição de várias integrante da equipe, ás vésperas da conclusão do curso de mestrado. / [en] This dissertation aims to analyze the work of the Social Service at the Brazilian Airport Infrastructure Company (INFRAERO) in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. In the research carried out, the changes that occurred in the company through its restructuring, with the concession of airports to the private sector, a movement that started in 2011. Were analyzed makes the living conditions of the subjects involved even more precarious. The result of the bibliographic and empirical research, which was based on 09 semi-structured interviews with professionals who were part of the Social Service team of the company Infraero, showed that the pandemic scenario was only an aggravating factor in the context of loss of rights and precariousness of working condition sand of life, both of the subjects assisted by the Social Work team, and by the category itself, which throughout my trajectory in the master s course was drastically reduced, culminating in the redistribution of several team members,on the eve of the conclusion of the master s course.

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There are a number of clinical options available for speech-language pathologists to choose from to analyze a child's phonological system, select treatment targets, and design intervention. Frequently, each of these areas of clinical options is viewed independently of one another or approached within an eclectic framework. In this article, an integrated and systemic approach is presented which assumes that a dynamic interaction exists among assessment, target selection, and intervention. Systemic Phonological Assessment of Child Speech, the distance metric approach to target selection, and the multiple oppositions treatment approach are described, with examples provided for each component. Finally, a case study is presented that examines the systemic approach of multiple oppositions relative to the approach of minimal pairs.