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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
791

Análise de edital e apresentação gráfica dos cálculos cinemáticos e elétricos via software da simulação de marcha de composição ferroviária. / Bidding document analysis and graphical presentation of kinematics and electrical calculations through running simulation software of train composition.

Valentim, Raphael Mota 26 September 2016 (has links)
Com o crescimento da população, os países, estados e cidades identificam a necessidade de realizar investimentos em infraestrutura, transporte e outros. A proposta do presente trabalho é apresentar uma ferramenta, utilizada para atender a demanda de um edital de licitação, expondo à Companhia de Trens Metropolitanos de São Paulo, um exemplo da parte de um edital internacional para aquisição de um meio de transporte rápido e eficiente. Para tal finalidade, são analisadas e filtradas as informações contidas no edital para realizar a simulação de marcha de uma composição ferroviária, através de um software específico. Por fim, na forma gráfica ilustram-se os cálculos cinemáticos e elétricos do comportamento que o sistema de potência irá desempenhar, mostrando que atende aos requisitos do edital de licitação. / With growing of population, countries, states and cities have identified the necessity to perform investiments in infrastructure, transportation, among others. The purpose of this dissertation is to present a tool, used to meet the request of a bidding document, presenting to Metropolitan Train Company of São Paulo one example of part of an international bidding to an acquisition of a rapid and efficient transportation. For this purpose, information of bidding document are analised and filtered to make a running simulation of a train composition throught a specific software. Finally, one application of this method is presented in a graphical form containing kinematic and electrical calculations of the behavior that power system will perform, showing that system meets the requiriments of bidding document.
792

Efeitos do treinamento pliométrico em variáveis fisiológicas e neuromusculares de corredores de longa distância / Effects of plyometric training on physiologic and neuromuscular variables of long distance runners

Manechini, João Paulo Vieira 27 April 2017 (has links)
Com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos do treinamento de força rápida em parâmetros fisiológicos, mecânicos e neuromusculares de corredores de fundo, o presente trabalho contou com uma amostra de 18 atletas amadores do sexo masculino, praticantes de corrida de rua e com experiência em provas de longa distância (21km ou acima). A amostra foi selecionada para o grupo \"treinamento de força rápida\", (RPG - grupo experimental) ou \"exercícios educativos técnicos de corrida\" (RTG - grupo controle), que realizaram seis semanas de exercícios distintos. No intuito de avaliar o desempenho em variáveis-chave para o rendimento de fundistas, os sujeitos foram submetidos a uma série de testes em dois momentos distintos: após a semana de aprendizagem e adaptação aos exercícios (pré) e ao final das seis semanas dos protocolos propostos (pós). A bateria de testes foi composta por: testes de saltos verticais (Altura [H], Potência Pico [PP] e Potência Relativa [PR] do salto para as técnicas Squat Jump [SJ], Counter Movement Jump [CMJ] e Drop Jump 40cm [DJ40]); salto horizontal [SH] e salto sêxtuplo alternado [S6A] (distância saltada); uma repetição máxima no agachamento guiado (carga absoluta [1RM Abs.] e relativa à massa corporal [1RM Rel.]); teste de contração isométrica voluntária máxima (CIVM - força pico [Fpico], força pico relativa à massa corporal [Fpico R.], tempo da força pico [TFPICO] e taxa de desenvolvimento de força [TDF]); teste incremental de esteira (Velocidade Pico em Esteira [VPE] e Velocidade do Limiar de Lactato [vLL]); e tempo limite em esteira na VPE (Tlim). O tratamento estatístico foi realizado por meio do Software IBM® SPSS® Statistics v. 20.0, para Windows (IBM Corporation, Chicago, USA). A ANOVA Modelo Misto foi utilizada para as comparações das variáveis de desempenho entre momentos e entre grupos, com teste post-hoc de Bonferroni quando necessário, e o teste t de Student para amostras independentes foi realizado para comparar as variáveis relativas ao treinamento entre os grupos. Todas as variáveis foram submetidas aos testes estatísticos Cohen\'s \"d\" de Magnitude de Efeito (ES) e Probabilidade Quantitativa de Chances (QC). Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes para as variáveis Altura de Salto e Potência Relativa para a técnica de salto vertical Squat Jump entre os momentos pré e pós treinamento para o grupo RPG (HSJ: F = 6,973; p = 0,018; PRSJ: F = 8,421; p = 0,01) e Altura de Salto e Potência Relativa para a técnica de salto vertical Counter Movement Jump entre os grupos RPG e RTG, após as seis semanas de exercícios (HCMJ: F = 6,163; p = 0,025; PRCMJ: F = 4,667; p = 0,046). Foi identificada diferença significativa para a variável \'tempo da Fpico\' (F = 7,731; p = 0,013) durante o teste de CIVM para o grupo RPG entre os momentos. O grupo Controle, ainda, apresentou queda na variável VPE após as seis semanas do protocolo (F = 5,493; p = 0,032), o que não foi observado no grupo Pliometria. Ademais, o grupo experimental apresentou redução nos valores de lactato sanguíneo nos minutos 1, 3 e 5 após o teste de Tlim (F = 16,858; p = 0,001; F = 8,406; p = 0,01; F = 12,092; p = 0,003, respectivamente). É possível concluir que o treinamento pliométrico foi superior ao protocolo de exercícios educativos no intuito de melhorar o desempenho da força rápida de membros inferiores, contribuindo, ainda, para a manutenção dos níveis iniciais de desempenho em corrida e a melhora da remoção do lactato sanguíneo, o que não pode ser observado no grupo RTG. / With the purpose to compare the effects of explosive-strength training in physiologic and neuromuscular variables of endurance runners, the present study accounted with 18 male amateur athletes experienced in long distance races (21km and above). The sample was divided between explosive-strength training - RPG (running plyometrics group) and technique exercises protocol - RTG (running techniques group), which performed six weeks of distinct exercise protocols. With the aim to evaluate key-variables for endurance running performance the subjects were submitted to batteries of assessments in two different moments: after the exercises adaptation week and right before the beginning of the protocols, and at the end of the exercise protocols. The assessments battery contained vertical jump tests (Jump Height [H], Peak Power [PP] and Relative Power [RP] for the techniques Squat Jump [SJ], Counter Movement Jump [CMJ] and Drop Jump 40cm [DJ40])/ horizontal long jump (SH) and sextuple jump alternating legs (S6A), one maximum repetition for squat at Smith Machine (absolute [1RM Abs.] and relative to body mass loads [1RM Rel.]), maximum voluntary isometric contraction test (MVIC - peak force [Fpico], peak force relative to body mass [Fpico R.], time to peak force [TFPICO] and rate of force development [TDF]); maximum incremental treadmill test (treadmill peak velocity [VPE] and lactate threshold velocity [vLL]), and time limit test at treadmill peak velocity (Tlim). The statistical procedures were performed at IBM® SPSS® Statistics Software v. 20.0, para Windows (IBM Corporation, Chicago, USA) The Mixed Model ANOVA was performed with dependent variables to identify time and group interactions, using the Bonferroni post-hoc test when necessary, while the training variables were analyzed by the Student\'s t test for independent samples. All data were also analyzed with Cohen\'s \"d\" Effect Size test (ES) and Probability of Quantitative Chances (QC). There were found in RPG significant differences for H and PR for Squat Jump technique between moments pre- and post-protocol (HSJ: F = 6,973; p = 0,018; PRSJ: F = 8,421; p = 0,01), and for the same variables for Counter Movement Jump technique between RPG and RTG (HCMJ: F = 6,163; p = 0,025; PRCMJ: F = 4,667; p = 0,046) after the exercise protocols. Also, significant difference was found for \'time to peak force\' variable (F = 7,731; p = 0,013) during the MVIC test for the group RPG between moments. Yet, the control group presented significant decrease of peak treadmill velocity in the moment post- compared to the pre-training (F = 5,493; p = 0,032), which was not observed in the experimental group. Still, the experimental group presented lower values for lactate concentrations 1, 3 and 5 minutes after Tlim test (F = 16,858; p = 0,001; F = 8,406; p = 0,01; F = 12,092; p = 0,003, respectively). It is possible to conclude that the plyometric training performed by the RPG was superior to the technique exercises protocol in the objective of increasing lower-limbs explosive-strength parameters, contributing to the maintenance of running performance and a better lactate clearance capacity, which did not happen in the RTG.
793

Estilos de apego a marca: análise do relacionamento de corredores de rua a marcas de artigos esportivos / Brand attachment styles: relationship analysis of street runners to sporting goods brands

Antonini, Giovanna Aragão 23 March 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T16:25:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MPCC - GIOVANNA ARAGÃO ANTONINI.pdf: 1888963 bytes, checksum: 1d8ecd33db3c9d86ada1ccf7e82104dc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T16:26:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MPCC - GIOVANNA ARAGÃO ANTONINI.pdf: 1888963 bytes, checksum: 1d8ecd33db3c9d86ada1ccf7e82104dc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Cristina Bonfim Aquarone (deborabonfim@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T18:21:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MPCC - GIOVANNA ARAGÃO ANTONINI.pdf: 1888963 bytes, checksum: 1d8ecd33db3c9d86ada1ccf7e82104dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T18:21:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MPCC - GIOVANNA ARAGÃO ANTONINI.pdf: 1888963 bytes, checksum: 1d8ecd33db3c9d86ada1ccf7e82104dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / The number of amateur runners and the value of sportswear market is growing in Brazil, making the study of these market and community even more important. The purpose of this work is to understand how this group establish long-term relationships with sportswear brands considering their brand attachment styles. To address this objective, a bibliographic research was made. It focused on the relationship marketing concepts evolution until the appropriation of attachment concept, originally born in psychology studies. This research also covers the definition of brand attachment and its differences versus other marketing constructs and an explanation regarding brand attachment characteristics and brand attachment styles. Scales used in other studies were adapted to be applied in a quantitative research with amateur runners (340 valid answers). The results show that, in the same way as the overall population, inside the amateur runners community, the persons have different brand attachment styles. The style has a significant influence in individuals’ brand preference for closeness and in their characteristics of attachment. A segmentation per brand attachment style of amateur runners and the description of each segment according to their preference for closeness and attachment characteristics is the main contribution of this work. The segments names are: loyal, anxious, distrustful and fearful. Anxious runners get attached more intensively, while the distrustful group does not get that much attached. Overall, all segments seek for closeness to the brand, but the distrustful group is the exception. Hedonism and nostalgia are attachment characteristics appreciated by all segments. It is important to highlight that demographic and sports routine characteristics are not discriminants among the segments. It is expected that this work enriches brand attachment styles theory and provides insights for companies to evolve on their relationship marketing strategies. / O crescimento da prática de corrida de rua e do mercado de artigos esportivos no Brasil torna o estudo desse público e mercado cada vez mais relevante. Diante disto, o propósito desta dissertação é entender como este grupo estabelece relacionamentos de longo prazo com marcas esportivas considerando seus estilos de apego a marcas. Para isso, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica que abordou a evolução de conceitos dentro de marketing de relacionamento até a apropriação por marketing do conceito de apego a marca que teve origem na psicologia. São abordados também a definição de apego a marca e sua diferença em relação a outros constructos de marketing de relacionamento e uma explanação sobre características do apego a marca e também sobre estilos de apego a marca. Escalas utilizadas em outros estudos foram adaptadas para uma pesquisa exploratória com corredores amadores (amostra: 340 respondentes válidos). Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se dizer que, assim como na população geral, dentro do grupo corredores amadores existem indivíduos com diferentes estilos de apego a marca. O estilo de cada um possui relação significativa na preferência por aproximação de marcas e nas características de formação do apego. Este trabalho traz como contribuição uma segmentação de corredores amadores por estilo de apego a marca e a descrição de cada segmento de acordo com preferência por aproximação e características de apego. Os segmentos foram nomeados como leais, ansiosos, desconfiados e medrosos. Corredores ansiosos se apegam com maior intensidade à marca, enquanto desconfiados se apegam menos. No geral, todos buscam aproximação à marca, menos os desconfiados. Hedonismo e nostalgia são características de apego que todos possuem. É importante ressaltar também que características demográficas e de prática esportiva não são discriminantes nesses segmentos. Espera-se que esta dissertação enriqueça os estudos sobre estilos de apego a marcas e forneça insumos para empresas melhorarem suas estratégias de marketing de relacionamento.
794

Influência do treinamento de força sobre a estratégia de prova e o desempenho de corredores de longa distância em um teste contrarrelógio de 10 km / Influence of strength training on pacing strategy and performance in long distance runners in a 10-km running time trial

Mayara Vieira Damasceno 16 October 2015 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o impacto de oito semanas de um programa de treinamento de força sobre a estratégia de prova e o desempenho de corredores de longa distância durante uma prova contrarrelógio de 10 km. Antes e após a fase de intervenção com o programa de treinamento de força, dezoito corredores recreacionais divididos nos grupos treinamento (GT) (n = 9) e controle (GC) (n = 9) foram submetidos aos seguintes testes: a) antropometria e teste progressivo até a exaustão voluntária, b) teste com velocidade submáxima constante, c) simulação de uma prova de 10 km para análise da estratégia de prova, d) teste de drop jump, e) teste de wingate, f) teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM) e g) teste de tempo limite. A atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos vasto medial e bíceps femoral foi medida durante o teste de 1RM. No GT, a magnitude de melhora para o 1RM (23,0 ± 4,2%, P = 0,001), drop jump (12,7 ± 4,6%, P = 0,039), e velocidade de pico na esteira (2,9 ± 0,8%, P = 0,013) foi significativamente maior em relação ao GC. Este aumento do 1RM para o GT foi acompanhado por uma tendência a uma maior atividade eletromiográfica (P = 0,080). A magnitude de melhora no desempenho na prova de 10 km foi maior (2,5%) no GT que no GC (-0,7%, P = 0,039). O desempenho foi melhorado principalmente devido a velocidades mais elevadas durante as últimas sete voltas (últimos 2800 m) da prova de 10 km. No entanto, não houve diferenças significativas antes e após o período de treinamento para o padrão de estratégia de prova utilizada, consumo máximo de oxigênio, ponto de compensação respiratória, economia de corrida e desempenho anaeróbio para ambos os grupos (P > 0,05). Em conclusão, estes resultados sugerem que, embora um programa de treinamento de força não altere a estratégia de prova adotada, ele oferece um potente estímulo para combater a fadiga durante as últimas partes de uma corrida de 10 km, resultando em um melhor desempenho total / The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of an 8-week strength-training program on performance and pacing strategy adopted by runners during a self-paced endurance running. Eighteen endurance runners were allocated into either strength training group (STG, n = 9) or control group (CG, n = 9) and performed the following tests before and after the training period: a) anthropometric measures and maximal incremental treadmill test, b) running speed-constant test, c) 10-km running time trial, d) drop jump test, e) 30-s Wingate anaerobic test, f) maximum dynamic strength test (1RM), g) time to exhaustion test. Electromyographic activity of vastus medialis and biceps femoris was measured during 1RM test. In the STG, the magnitude of improvement for 1RM (23.0 ± 4.2%, P = 0.001), drop jump (12.7 ± 4.6%, P = 0.039), and peak treadmill speed (2.9 ± 0.8%, P = 0.013) was significantly higher compared to CG. This increase in the 1RM for STG was accompanied by a tendency to a higher electromyographic activity (P = 0.080). The magnitude of improvement for 10-km running performance was higher (2.5%) for STG than for CG (-0.7%, P = 0.039). Performance was improved mainly due higher speeds during the last seven laps (last 2800 m) of the 10-km running. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between before and after training period for pacing strategy, maximal oxygen uptake, respiratory compensation point, running economy, and anaerobic performance for both groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, these findings suggest that, although a strength-training program does not alter the pacing strategy, it offers a potent stimulus to counteract fatigue during the last parts of a 10-km running, resulting in an improved overall running performance
795

Avaliação da qualidade de vida em participantes da Prova de São Silvestre / Evaluation of the quality of life of runners of the \"São Silvestre\"

Tedesco, Joel 11 October 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar as dimensões da qualidade de vida e suas associações com dados antropométricos, de treinamentos e pessoais em corredores de longa distância. Métodos: Selecionou-se intencionalmente 962 indivíduos (815 homens e 147 mulheres) dentre os 15 000 participantes da Corrida de São Silvestre. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada usando-se o questionário WHOQOL-BREF. Coletaram-se também dados pessoais, detalhes de treinamentos e medidas antropométricas tais como: data de nascimento, nível educacional, número das sessões de treinamentos semanais, anos de treinamentos pregressos, estatura, massa corporal, cintura e quadril. Usou-se os tempos de corrida para dividir as amostras em cinco grupos masculinos e cinco grupos femininos. Os grupos foram comparados entre si, dentro do mesmo gênero, usando-se as médias dos valores das medidas realizadas. Resultados. Os corredores do grupo 1 da amostra masculina obtiveram a menor média dos valores dos resultados do domínio ambiental do questionário WHOQOL-BREF (58,66) (IC de 56,50 a 60,81); correram em um ritmo de 04:11 (expresso em minutos e segundos) minutos por quilômetro, com um intervalo de confiança (95%) (IC) de 04:08 a 04:14; a média de idade foi de 31,13 anos (IC de 29,89 anos a 32,36 anos); tinham baixo nível educacional; treinavam em média 5,45 vezes por semana (IC de 5,18 a 5,71 sessões) há, em média 9,18 anos (IC de 8,05 a 10,31 anos); tinham a menor média dos valores das estaturas (169,51cm) e das massas corporais (63,07 kg) (IC respectivamente de 168,46 a 170,57 cm e de 61,89 a 64,24 kg); a menor média dos valores dos índices de massas corpóreas (21,93) (IC de 21,60 a 22,27); a menor média dos valores das circunferências abdominais (75,29 cm) e dos quadris (91,48 cm) (IC respectivamente de 74,33 a 76,26 cm e de 90,54 a 92,41 cm). As corredoras no grupo 1 da amostra feminina obtiveram a menor média dos valores dos resultados do domínio ambiental do questionário WHOQOL-BREF (59,76) (IC de 54,08 a 65,43); correram em um ritmo de 04:48 minutos por quilômetro (IC de 04:39 a 04:57); a média de idade foi de 29,94 anos (IC de 26,76 a 33,12 anos); tinham baixo nível educacional; treinavam em média 6,03 vezes por semana (IC de 5,59 a 6,47 sessões) há, em média, 7,67 anos (IC de 5,78 a 9,55 anos); tinham a menor média dos valores das massas corpóreas (51,53 kg) (49,68 a 53,38 kg); a menor média dos valores dos índices de massas corpóreas (20,25) (19,68 a 20,82); a menor média dos valores das circunferências abdominais (66,45 cm) e dos quadris (88,79 cm) (IC respectivamente de 64,78 a 68,12 cm e de 87,24 a 90,34 cm). Conclusões. Os corredores mais velozes da amostra feminina e da masculina obtiveram a menor média dos valores de avaliação do domínio ambiental de qualidade de vida do WHOQOL-BREF. Caracterizaram-se também por serem corredores jovens apresentando os menores valores das médias na maioria das medidas antropométricas. / This study had as purpose to analyze the quality of life of long distance runners and possible associations with anthropometric measurements, training characteristics and personnal information. Methods. A sample of 962 runners (815 men and 147 women) was intentionally selected amongst 15 000 runners participating in the \"São Silvestre\" race. The quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Collected data included personal information and anthropometric measurements: date of birth; educational level; number of weekly training sessions; years of previous training; hight; body mass; waist and hip circumferences. Finishing times were used to divide both samples into five distinct groups (group 1 to group 5). Groups were compared within the same gender, using the means for each one of the collected information. Results. Male runners in group 1 had the lowest value for the mean of the environmental domain score (58.66) (56.50 to 60.81); had a mean running pace time, expressed in minutes and seconds per kilometer and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 04:11 (04:08 to 04:14); a mean age of 31.13 years (IC of 29.89 years to 32.36 years); a low educational level; trained 5.45 times per week (CI of 5.18 to 5.71 times) for a mean of 9.18 years (CI of 8.05 years to 10.31 years); had the lowest value for the mean of hight (169.51cm) and body mass (63.07 kg) (CI of 168.46 cm to 170.57 cm and 61.89 kg to 64.24 kg, respectively); the lowest mean for the body mass index (21.93) (CI of 21.60 to 22.27); the lowest values for the mean of the abdominal circumference (75.29 cm) and hip circumference (91.48 cm) (CI of 74.33 to 76.26 cm and 90.54 to 92.41 cm, respectively). Female runners in group 1 had the lowest value for the mean of the environmental domain score (59.76) (CI of 54.08 to 65.43); had a mean running pace time of 04:48 (CI of 04:39 to 04:57); had a mean age of 29.94 years (IC of 26.76 years to 33.12 years); a low educational level, trained 6.03 times per week (CI of 5.59 to 6.47) for 7.67 years (CI of 5.78 to 9.55); had the lowest value for the mean of body mass (51.53 kg) (CI of 49.68 kg to 53.38 kg), the va lowest value for the mean of the body mass index (20.25) (CI of 19.68 to 20.82); the lowest value for the mean of the abdominal circumference values (66.45 cm) and of the hip circumference (88.79 cm) (CI of 64.78 to 68.12 cm and 87.24 to 90.34 cm, respectively). Conclusions. The fastest runners, in both the male and the female samples, had the lowest values for the environmental domain score of the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire, had the lowest value for the mean of age, trained regularly for 7 to 9 years, doing 5 to 6 training session per week, had a low educational level, had the lowest value for the mean of the body mass index and for the means of the abdominal and hip circumferences.
796

Associação entre o polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único no gene ACTN3, variáveis fisiológicas e parâmetros neuromusculares relacionados à aptidão aeróbia / Association among the single nucleotide polymorphism in the ACTN3 gene, physiological variables and neuromuscular parameters related to aerobic fitness

Pasqua, Leonardo Alves 10 April 2013 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a existência de associação entre os diferentes genótipos do polimorfismo R577X do gene ACTN3 e variáveis fisiológicas e neuromusculares associadas à aptidão aeróbia e ao desempenho em provas de longa duração. Cento e cinquenta indivíduos fisicamente ativos foram submetidos aos seguintes testes: a) teste incremental máximo para determinação do consumo máximo de oxigênio, velocidade de pico, limiar ventilatório (LV) e ponto de compensação respiratória (PCR); b) dois testes de cargas constantes nas velocidades de 10 km.h-1 e 12 km.h-1 para determinação da economia de corrida; c) teste de uma repetição máxima no exercício leg press para determinação da força máxima de membros inferiores; d) teste de salto vertical para determinação da potência máxima de membros inferiores e; e) genotipagem para determinação do genótipo do gene ACTN3. Os principais resultados foram a maior representação do genótipo XX entre os indivíduos com maiores velocidades associadas ao LV e ao PCR. Além disso, entre os indivíduos mais econômicos, foi observada uma maior representação de pelo menos uma cópia do alelo X (genótipos RX e XX). Esses resultados sugerem que o genótipo XX do gene ACTN3 parece ser favorável às variáveis fisiológicas associadas à aptidão aeróbia, sobretudo aquelas determinadas em intensidades submáximas / The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among the genotypes of the ACTN3 gene and physiological and neuromuscular parameters related to aerobic fitness and endurance performance. One hundred and fifty male physically active subjects performed the following tests: a) a maximal incremental test to determine maximal oxygen consumption, peak velocity, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point; b) two constant speed tests at 10 km.h-1 and 12 km.h-1 to determine running economy; c) one repetition maximum in the leg press to determine the maximal dynamic strength of the lower limbs; d) vertical jump test to determine the maximum power of the lower limbs and; e) genotyping for the ACTN3 gene polymorphism. Our main results were a higher frequency of the XX genotypes among the individuals with the highest speeds associated to ventilatory threshold and to the respiratory compensation point. It was observed a higher frequency of at least one copy of the X allele (RX and XX genotypes) among the more economical individuals. These results suggest that the XX genotype of the ACTN3 gene seems to be associated with physiological variables related with the aerobic fitness, mainly those determined in submaximal intensities
797

Fatores clínicos e biomecânicos associados com a tendinopatia de calcâneo em corredores fundistas / Clinical and biomechanical factors associated with Achilles tendinopathy in long distance runners

Andere, Nathalie Ferrari Bechara 07 February 2017 (has links)
OBJETIVO: Avaliar características clínicas, componente vertical da força de reação do solo e função muscular de flexores plantares e dorsais do tornozelo em corredores com e sem tendinopatia de calcâneo, e em indivíduos não corredores. MÉTODOS: Setenta e dois indivíduos (42H: 30M, idade 37,3 ±9,9 anos) foram divididos em três grupos: grupo tendinopatia de calcâneo (GTC, n= 24), grupo de corredores controle (GCC, n=24), e grupo de não corredores (GNC, n=24), sendo que em cada grupo ambos os tornozelos foram avaliados. A AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, parâmetros da força de reação do solo e dados isocinéticos foram avaliados usando plataformas de força e dinamômetro isocinético. RESULTADOS: A AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score foi significativamente menor no GTC. A FRS foi igual entre os grupos, porém o impulso vertical inicial foi maior no GTC que GCC e GNC. Não houve diferenças para o impulso total. O GTC demonstrou menor trabalho total na velocidade 120º/s que GCC. Não houve diferenças para as outras variáveis isocinéticas entre GTC e GCC, apenas em relação ao GNC. CONCLUSÃO: Os corredores com tendinopatia de calcâneo têm maior impacto no momento de aterrissagem, menor resistência muscular dos flexores plantares e maior comprometimento clínico e funcional. A associação do maior impulso e menor resistência pode ser um fator predisponente e mantenedor para lesão no tendão calcâneo / OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, vertical component of the ground reaction force and muscle function of plantar flexors and dorsiflexors of the ankle in runners with and without Achilles tendinopathy and in non-runners. METHODS: Seventy-two subjects (42 M: 30W, 37.3±9.9 years old) were divided into three groups: Achilles Tendinopathy Group (GTC, n=24), Runners Control Group (GCC, n=24) and Non-Runners Group (GNC, n=24), in which both ankles were evaluated in each group. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, parameters of ground reaction force, and isokinetic data were evaluated by means of force platforms and isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS: The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was significantly lower in the GTC. The GRF was similar between the groups; however, the initial vertical impulse was higher in the GTC than in the GCC and GNC. There were no differences regarding the total impulse. The GTC presented lower total work in the 120º/s speed than the GCC. There were no differences regarding the other isokinetic variables between the GTC and GCC, only regarding the GNC. CONCLUSION: Runners with Achilles tendinopathy show higher impact at the moment of landing, lower muscle endurance of plantar flexors and higher clinical and functional damage. The association between higher impulse and lower endurance could be a predisposing and maintaining factor for Achilles tendon
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Effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate meals on running performance =: 運動前進食不同碳水化合物食物對長跑能力的影響. / 運動前進食不同碳水化合物食物對長跑能力的影響 / Effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate meals on running performance =: Yun dong qian jin shi bu tong tan shui hua he wu shi wu dui chang pao neng li de ying xiang. / Yun dong qian jin shi bu tong tan shui hua he wu shi wu dui chang pao neng li de ying xiang

January 2002 (has links)
Lok Cheuk-ming, Andy. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-73). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Lok Cheuk-ming, Andy. / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.ix / Chapter CHAPTER1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Purpose --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of Study --- p.4 / Chapter CHAPTER2 --- Review of Literature --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- "Energy Metabolism During Prolonged, Submaximal Exercise" --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Energy Metabolism in Humans / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Amount of Energy Stores in Body / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Substrates Utilization during Prolonged Exercise / Chapter 2.2 --- Importance of Pre-exercise Nutrition on Exercise Performance --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Pre-exercise CHO Supplementation / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Timing of CHO and Transient Hypoglycemia / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Type of CHO / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Other Nutrients / Chapter 2.3 --- Application of the Glycemic Index to Pre-exercise Nutrition --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Definition of Glycemic Index (GI) / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Ingestion of GI Foods Before Exercise / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Summary of the Previous Findings / Chapter CHAPTER3 --- Methodology --- p.23 / Chapter 3.1 --- General Methods --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2 --- Participants --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3 --- Experimental Design --- p.34 / Chapter 3.4 --- Procedures --- p.37 / Chapter 3.5 --- Prescribed Glycemic Index Meals --- p.39 / Chapter 3.6 --- Analysis --- p.40 / Chapter 3.7 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.41 / Chapter CHAPTER4 --- Results --- p.42 / Chapter 4.1 --- Running Performance --- p.42 / Chapter 4.2 --- Dietary Analysis --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3 --- Physiological Changes At Rest and During Exercise --- p.44 / Chapter 4.5 --- Changes in Perceptual Variables and Heart Rates At Rest and During Exercise --- p.54 / Chapter CHAPTER5 --- Discussion --- p.56 / Recommendation and Applications --- p.61 / References --- p.62 / Appendices --- p.74
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Moderní markery orgánového poškození v klinické praxi / Modern Markers of Organ Damage in Clinical Practice

Brož, Pavel January 2019 (has links)
Physical activity is a useful tool in the prevention of many diseases. Hospitalization after strenuous exercise from cardiac or noncardiac causes, even in young athletes without previous symptoms, can occur. These situations are not uncommon and e.g. after completing a half- marathon clinical symptoms suspicious from cardiac etiology can be present. Limitations of biomarkers used in daily clinical practice can lead to misinterpretation with additional consequences to the patient's outcome. Our goal was to describe changes of markers used in daily clinical practice after extreme physical activity and after exercise under laboratory conditions. We performed two studies in cooperation with Department of cardiology and Department of sports medicine. The goal of our first study was to examine high sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI), galectin-3, cystatin C, NGAL and ultrasensitive CRP (uCRP) after extremely long run during the competition in long distance running. The goal of our second study was to examine high- sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) and hsTnI, creatinine and cystatin C, and urine albumin and NGAL after a standardized two-hour treadmill run under laboratory conditions and to find possible connection with echocardiographic, laboratory and other assessed parameters. The second goal of study under laboratory...
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Dynamic Software Update for Production and Live Programming Environments / Mise à jour Dynamique pour Environnemts de Production et Programmation Interactive

Tesone, Pablo 17 December 2018 (has links)
Mettre à jour des applications durant leur exécution est utilisé aussi bien en production pour réduire les temps d’arrêt des applications que dans des environnements de développement interactifs (IDE pour live programming). Toutefois, ces deux scénarios présentent des défis différents qui font que les solutions de mise à jour dynamique (DSU pour Dynamic Software Updating) existantes sont souvent spécifiques à l’un des deux. Par exemple, les DSUs pour la programmation interactives ne supportent généralement pas la détection automatique de points sûrs de mise à jour ni la migration d’instances, alors que les DSUs pour la production nécessitent une génération manuelle de l’ensemble des modifications et manquent d’intégration avec l’IDE. Les solutions existantes ont également une capacité limitées à se mettre à jour elles-mêmes ou à mettre à jour les bibliothèques de base du langage ; et certaines d’entre elles introduisent mêmle une dégradation des performances d’exécution en dehors du processus de mise à jour.Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un DSU (nommé gDSU) unifié qui fonctionne à la fois pour la programmation interactive et les environnements de production. gDSU permet la détection automatique des points sûrs de mise à jour en analysant et manipulant la pile d’exécution, et offre un mécanisme réutilisable de migration d’instances afin de minimiser les interventions manuelles lors de l’application d’une migration. gDSU supporte également la mise à jour des bibliothèques du noyau du langage et du mécanisme de mise à jour lui-même. Ceci est réalisé par une copie incrémentale des objets à modifier et une application atomique de ces modifications.gDSU n’affecte pas les performances globales de l’application et ne présente qu’une pénalité d’exécution lors processus de mise à jour. Par exemple, gDSU est capable d’appliquer une mise à jour sur 100 000 instances en 1 seconde. Durant cette seconde, l’application ne répond pas pendant 250 milli-secondes seulement. Le reste du temps, l’application s’exécute normalement pendant que gDSU recherche un point sûr de mise à jour qui consiste alors uniquement à copier les éléments modifiés.Nous présentons également deux extensions de gDSU permettant un meilleur support du développement interactif dans les IDEs : la programmation interactive transactionnelle et l’application atomique de reusinages (refactorings). / Updating applications during their execution is used both in production to minimize application downtine and in integrated development environments to provide live programming support. Nevertheless, these two scenarios present different challenges making Dynamic Software Update (DSU) solutions to be specifically designed for only one of these use cases. For example, DSUs for live programming typically do not implement safe point detection or insistance migration, while production DSUs require manual generation of patches and lack IDE integration. These sollutions also have a limited ability to update themselves or the language core libraries and some of them present execution penalties outside the update window.In this PhD, we propose a unified DSU named gDSU for both live programming and production environments. gDSU provides safe update point detection using call stack manipulation and a reusable instance migration mechanism to minimize manual intervention in patch generation. It also supports updating the core language libraries as well as the update mechanism itself thanks to its incremental copy of the modified objects and its atomic commit operation.gDSU does not affect the global performance of the application and it presents only a run-time penalty during the window. For example, gDSU is able to apply an update impacting 100,000 instances in 1 second making the application not responsive for only 250 milliseconds. The rest of the time the applications runs normally while gDSU is looking for a safe update point during which modified elements will be copied.We also present extensions of gDSU to support transactional live programming and atomic automactic refactorings which increase the usability of live programming environments.

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