Genom att låta barnen återberätta en saga med ett problem att lösa via bilder och samtal om olika lösningar besvaras frågeställningarna: Hur tolkar tvåspråkiga barn problem i en öppen/sluten dialog i själva processen och hur påverkas barnen utifrån dessa skilda förhållningssätt? Ser vi någon skillnad på deras kreativa tänkande utifrån de olika direktiven från pedagogerna? Utvecklas ett språkutvecklande sammanhang när barnen delger varandra sina olika lösningsförslag?

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Siekiant korektiškai apibrėžti ilgai trunkantį paslaugomis pagrįstą verslo procesą, būtina specifikuoti šiuos proceso parametrus: duomenų srautus, verslo partnerius ir jų vykdomus veiksmus, proceso būsenų kaitą bei metodus ilgai trunkančioms transakcijos kompensuoti. Tai gali būti atliekama unifikuojant SAGA ir komunikacinių kilpų modelius. Siekiant aiškumo, pasiūlyti du griežtos formos diagramų tipai. Pateikto formalaus metamodelio pagrindu realizuotas grafinio redaktoriaus prototipas, skirtas modeliuoti paslaugomis pagrįstus procesus. Bandymu metu redaktoriumi sukurti eksperimentiniai verslo procesų modeliai. / To define long-running, service-oriented business process fully and correctly, it is necessary to specify following properties: data flows, business partners along with their actions, and state dynamics of entire process. Also, it is required to define mechanics which can be used to compensate failed long-running transactions. This can be achieved by combining SAGA and Communicative Action Loop models. To gain robustness, it was suggested to use two types of strictly formatted diagrams. A formal metamodel was proposed as a basis for a graphical editor which can be used to define a service-oriented business process and its properties. Finally, a prototype of graphical editor was developed and used to specify example business processes.

Les Soeurs Deblois de Louise Tremblay d’Essiambre qui a connu un succès inespéré fait l’objet de cette thèse. Le but de cette étude consiste à expliquer le succès de cette saga familiale, plus précisément, de montrer comment cette saga suscite l’intérêt du lecteur et capte son attention. Cette étude porte sur deux axes essentiels : la mise en intrigue et lespersonnages dans Les Soeurs Deblois. À travers l’analyse des conflits importants entre les personnages principaux, l’étude sur la mise en place de la tension narrative et l’explication sur le jeu des coïncidences dans Les Soeurs Deblois, nous avons clarifié la stratégie de la mise en intrigue de l’auteure et nous avons mis en lumière l’importance de la dynamique de l’intrigue dans la production de l’intérêt du lecteur. Le personnage est l’un des éléments clés du succès de cette saga familiale. L’étude du système des personnages, les réflexions sur la description et l’analyse des personnages féminins nous permettent de dégager que les personnages réalistes et attachants créés par Louise Tremblay d’Essiambre contribuent à l’interaction entre le texte et le lecteur et tendent à capter l’attention du lecteur. / Louise Tremblay d’Essiambre’s The Deblois Sisters that had an unexpected success is the subject of this thesis. The purpose of this study is to explain the success of this family saga, specifically, to show how this saga arouses the reader’s interest and captures his attention. This study focuses on two key areas : the emplotment and the characters in The DebloisSisters. Through the analysis of major conflicts between the main characters, the study on the establishment of the narrative tension and the explanation on the game of coincidences in The Deblois Sisters, we have clarified the strategy of setting plot of the author and we have highlighted the importance of the dynamics of the plot in the production of the reader’s interest. The character is one of the key elements in the success of this family saga. The study of the system of the characters, les reflections on the description and the analysis of female characters allow us to reach a conclusion : therealistic and attractive characters created by Louise Tremblay d’Essiambre contribute to the interaction between the text and the reader and tend to capture the reader’s attention.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandro Pereira.pdf: 909868 bytes, checksum: 254f41b3bb9c82be1f079c553f3e215e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / From the text of Philippians 2,5-11 this work performs an exegesis of the text known as kenosis. It thus tries to identify traits in existing ideological heritage of the society at the time of this writing, to then, point to the possibilities of recurring mythic structures. This work makes a preliminary analysis on the cultural, social and religious world of the Apostle Paul and goes through a brief overview of the research s history. It offers a possibility of translation of the Greek text into Portuguese and then wants to view in graphic form the structure and movement of the "Christological hymn." It displays the monomyth and the discourse s analysis as methodological tools for the production of two new readings. Using these methodologies, this work seeks to show the similarities between certain recurring mythic structures and emptying of Christ in the Pauline tradition. It seeks to validate the proposal of this work presenting other mythics narratives that permeated the imagery of the Greco-Roman society. At the end suggests some steps to a reading of kenosis as social criticism. / A partir do texto de Filipenses 2,5-11 este trabalho realiza uma exegese no texto conhecido como kenosis. Para isso, busca a identificação de traços existentes na herança ideológica da sociedade da época da redação deste documento para, em seguida, apontar para as possibilidades de estruturas míticas recorrentes. Faz uma primeira análise no mundo cultural, social e religioso do apóstolo Paulo e passa por uma breve abordagem da história da pesquisa. Oferece uma possibilidade de tradução do texto grego para o português e depois, quer visualizar em forma gráfica a estrutura e o movimento do hino cristológico . Apresenta o monomito e a análise do discurso como ferramentas metodológicas para a produção de duas novas leituras. Com o uso dessas metodologias, procura mostrar as semelhanças entre certas estruturas míticas recorrentes e o esvaziamento de Cristo na tradição paulina. Busca validar a proposta apresentando outras narrativas míticas que impregnavam a imagética da sociedade greco-romana. Ao final sugere alguns passos para uma leitura da kenosis como crítica social.

L’initiation de la transcription chez les eucaryotes nécessite le recrutement de l'ARN polymérase II (Pol II) et des facteurs de transcription généraux sur les promoteurs de gènes formant le complexe de préinitiation (PIC). Des activateurs se lient en amont du promoteur et stimulent l’ouverture de la chromatine et la formation du PIC en recrutant des complexes coactivateurs. SAGA est un tel coactivateur, conservé chez les eucaryotes, connu pour modifier les histones de tous les gènes et impliqué dans la transcription par Pol II. Dans ce travail, j’ai analysé l'organisation moléculaire de SAGA par microscopie électronique. J'ai (i) étudié l'architecture et les interactions des sous unités du module d’acétylation des histones et l’ai localisé dans SAGA; (ii) obtenu la première carte cryo-EM du complexe SAGA chez la levure et analysé sa flexibilité; (iii) défini le site d'interaction entre TBP et SAGA et montré que le complexe subit un changement conformationnel lors de cette liaison. / Transcription initiation in eukaryotes requires the recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and general transcription factors to the promoters of protein coding genes in order to form a PreInitiation Complex (PIC). Sequence specific activators bind up stream of the promoter, stimulating chromatin opening and PIC formation via recruitment of coactivator complexes. SAGA is such a coactivator, conserved in all eukaryotes, known to modify the histones on all expressed genes in yeast and human and involved in Pol II transcription. In this work I have analyzed SAGA’s molecular organization mostly by electron microscopy. I have (i) studied the architecture and sub unit interactions of SAGA histone acetylation (HAT) module and localized it in the full SAGA complex; (ii) obtained the first cryo-EM map of yeast SAGA and analyzed its flexibility; (iii) defined the interaction site of SAGA with TBP protein and shown that the complex under goes a large conformational change upon TBP binding.

Des études antérieures suggèrent que les complexes SAGA et TFIID sont des facteurs jouant un rôle complémentaire dans la transcription par l’ARN polymérase II. Chez S. cerevisiae, environ 10% des gènes semblent dépendants de SAGA alors que TFIID aurait un rôle dominant sur 90% du génome. De nouvelles approches m’ont permis de montrer que SAGA est recruté sur les régions régulatrices d’une majorité de gènes, indépendamment de leur classification. Des analyses d’ARN nouvellement-synthétisés ont également démontré que l’inactivation des complexes SAGA ou TFIID, par mutation ou déplétion inductible de leurs sous-unités, altèrent la transcription de pratiquement tous les gènes par l’ARN polymérase II. L’acétyltransférase Gcn5 et la sous-unité Spt3 agissent de façon synergique au sein du complexe SAGA pour stimuler le recrutement de TBP et la transcription par l’ARN polymérase II. Ces données indiquent que les complexes SAGA et TFIID agissent comme des cofacteurs généraux, étant nécessaires pour la synthèse de quasiment tous les ARNm et ayant des effets équivalents sur les gènes précédemment décrits comme dominés par SAGA ou par TFIID. / Prior studies suggested that SAGA and TFIID are alternative factors that promote RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) transcription with about 10% of genes in S. cerevisiae dependent on SAGA. The remainder 90% of the genome would be regulated by TFIID. We reassessed the role of SAGA by mapping its genome-wide location and role in global transcription in budding yeast. We observed that SAGA maps to regulatory elements of most genes, irrespective of previous designations of SAGA- or TFIID-dominated genes. Additionally, disruption of either SAGA or TFIID through mutation or rapid subunit depletion reduces transcription from nearly all genes, measured by newly-synthesized RNA or RNA Pol II chromatin immunoprecipitation. We also found that the acetyltransferase Gcn5 synergizes with Spt3 to promote global transcription and that Spt3 functions to stimulate TBP recruitment at all tested genes. Our data demonstrate that both SAGA and TFIID act as general cofactors required for essentially all RNA Pol II transcription and is not consistent with the previous classification of SAGA- and TFIID-dominated genes.

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This dissertation examines the relationship between wisdom and identity in Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic literature. At present, the study of medieval wisdom is largely tangential to the study of proverbs and maxims. This dissertation makes wisdom its primary object of study; it sees wisdom not just as a literary category, but also as a cultural discourse found in texts not usually included in the wisdom canon. I therefore examine both wisdom literature and wisdom in literature. The central characteristic of wisdom, I argue, is its liminality. The biblical question “Where is wisdom to be found?” is difficult to answer because of wisdom’s in-between-ness: it is ever between individuals, communities, and times (Job 28:12 Douay-Rheims). As a liminal discourse, wisdom both grounds and problematizes identity in Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic literature. After a preliminary chapter that defines key terms such as “wisdom” and “wisdom literature,” I examine heroic wisdom in three characters who are defined by their wise traits and skills and yet who are ultimately betrayed by wisdom to death or exile. The implications of this problematic relation to wisdom are then examined in the next chapter, which analyzes the composition of wisdom in proverb poems. Like the wise hero, the poets represented in these poems blend their own voices with the voice of community, demonstrating that identity is open and therefore in need of constant revision. Next I examine how the liminality of wisdom is embodied in the figure of the wise monster, who negatively marks the boundaries of society and its desires. This then leads to a study of the reception of wisdom in chapter six, which focuses on instruction poems. Like narratives of wise monsters, these texts present lore as the nostalgic remnant of a tradition that defines identity, in this case the identity of a community. However, nostalgia assumes loss, and these texts also reveal an underlying fear that wisdom, the basis of the community’s identity, will be forgotten. Whether communal or individual, identity in this literature is both formed and threatened by liminal wisdom. / Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2014-05-08 15:35:46.885