Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-02-03T11:32:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianerossidossantos.pdf: 1207169 bytes, checksum: 239998bfa9068a9b4676999c0ad12433 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-03T12:06:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianerossidossantos.pdf: 1207169 bytes, checksum: 239998bfa9068a9b4676999c0ad12433 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-03T12:06:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabianerossidossantos.pdf: 1207169 bytes, checksum: 239998bfa9068a9b4676999c0ad12433 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-13 / O impacto do diagnóstico da Doença Renal Crônica pode trazer perdas que vão além da função renal. A evolução da doença pode trazer significativas mudanças na qualidade de vida de pacientes renais crônicos, envolvendo alterações corporais, sociais e psíquicas. Grande parte dos programas de atendimento a pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica são focados em pacientes já em terapia renal substitutiva. Porém, o acompanhamento precoce destes pacientes, ainda em tratamento conservador, pode proporcionar aos profissionais de saúde intervenções que busquem retardar a entrada destes em diálise, bem como reforçar uma maior adesão ao tratamento. A abordagem de pacientes em tratamento conservador através de equipes interdisciplinares torna-se fundamental, uma vez que se destina a uma abordagem global desta população, e pode ter como conseqüência uma melhora da qualidade de vida destes pacientes. O presente estudo avaliou os efeitos da abordagem interdisciplinar na qualidade de vida de pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador. Através da avaliação da qualidade de vida pelo instrumento SF-36 e de parâmetros bioquímicos, foi realizada comparação entre um grupo de pacientes acompanhados por equipe interdisciplinar e um grupo que recebeu apenas acompanhamento médico tradicional, observando-se o impacto do acompanhamento interdisciplinar nas possíveis melhoras de aspectos físicos, sociais e emocionais. Pacientes acompanhados por equipe interdisciplinar apresentaram melhora da qualidade de vida nos domínios capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, estado geral de saúde, vitalidade e aspectos emocionais. O grupo que recebeu acompanhamento médico tradicional não apresentou melhora da qualidade de vida em nenhum dos parâmetros. Pacientes acompanhados por equipe interdisciplinar também apresentaram mudança estatisticamente significante da anemia, cálcio e redução de peso, o que não foi observado no grupo controle. / The impact of chronic renal disease may involve losses well beyond renal function. Body, social, and psychic changes, brought about by disease evolution, may significantly impair the quality of life. A sizeable proportion of programs targeting chronic renal disease patients prioritize those on renal substitutive therapies. If these patients are followed at an earlier stage, while still on conservative treatment, health providers may implement interventions to delay dialytic therapy and enhance compliance. A global interdisciplinary approach to the care of patients on conservative treatment is fundamental, as it may lead to a better quality of life. This study assessed the effects on the quality of life of an interdisciplinary approach to the care of chronic renal disease patients on conservative treatment. Through SF-36assessed quality of life and determination of biochemical parameters, a group of patients followed by an interdisciplinary team was compared with a group receiving traditional medical care. The interdisciplinary approach was possibly accountable for the improvements in the physical, social, and emotional features. Patients followed by the interdisciplinary team had better quality of life as refers to functional capacity, physical features, general health, vitality, and emotional features. The group on traditional medical care did not present any improvement of the quality of life as refers to these parameters. Patients on interdisciplinary care also had statistically significant favorable changes in their anemia, calcium levels, and weight loss, findings not seen in the control group.

Orientadores: Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros, Maria Cecilia Goi Porto Alves / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:33:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_MargarethGuimaraes_D.pdf: 4846752 bytes, checksum: 5098d3f36601cbff5f662190f32704ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: As medidas do estado de saúde autorreferido e de bem-estar são importantes complementos das medidas diretas de morbidade, de mortalidade e de expectativa de vida, e contribuem para ampliar o conhecimento e a efetividade de intervenções voltadas para melhorar a saúde e a satisfação com a vida da população. Este estudo tem como objetivos verificar a associação de várias dimensões do estado de saúde autorreferido com comportamentos de saúde e com a duração do sono; e verificar os fatores associados ao bem-estar, particularmente o sentimento de felicidade, em idosos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, que utilizou dados dos inquéritos: Inquérito Multicêntrico de Saúde no Estado de São Paulo (ISA-SP) e Inquérito de Saúde no Município de Campinas (ISACAMP), realizados, em 2001/2002 e 2008/2009, respectivamente. O estudo incluiu 1958 idosos residentes em 4 regiões do estado de São Paulo e 1431 idosos da cidade de Campinas. As variáveis dependentes foram os dois componentes (físico e mental) e as 8 escalas do The Medical Outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), versões 1 e 2 (capacidade funcional, aspectos físicos, dor, saúde geral, vitalidade, aspectos emocionais, aspectos sociais e saúde mental - em relação ao humor), e o sentimento de felicidade nas últimas 4 semanas. As variáveis independentes foram os comportamentos relacionados à saúde: atividade física no lazer, ingestão de bebida alcoólica, tabagismo e padrão do tempo de sono; variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas e variáveis indicadoras de morbidade e condições de saúde. Os resultados revelaram que a atividade física esteve positivamente associada com as oito escalas medidas pelo SF-36. Os idosos que ingeriram bebida alcoólica pelo menos 1 vez por semana apresentaram melhores condições de saúde do que os que não ingeriram. Comparados com os que nunca fumaram, os fumantes apresentaram o pior estado de saúde em escalas do componente mental. Estes resultados apontam para a importância da adoção e manutenção de comportamentos saudáveis para uma boa saúde e qualidade de vida, também na população idosa, justificando as políticas de saúde do Ministério da Saúde, Brasil (2011), focadas nas estratégias de mudanças de comportamentos relacionados à saúde. Segundo o tempo de sono, o padrão de sono curto (6 horas ou menos) esteve associado às piores condições de saúde mental em ambos os sexos, comparando com o padrão de sono médio (7 a 8 horas)... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Measures of self-reported health status and well-being among elderly individuals constitute important complements to direct measures of illness, mortality and life expectancy. Such measures contribute toward broadening knowledge and increasing the effectiveness of interventions directed at improving health and satisfaction with life. The aims of the present study were to determine whether different dimensions of self-reported health status are associated with health behavior and sleep duration and determine factors associated with well-being, especially the feeling of happiness, among elderly individuals. A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the Multi-Center Health Inquiry in the State of São Paulo and the Health Inquiry in the City of Campinas (state of São Paulo, Brazil), respectively carried out in 2001/2002 and 2008/2009. The present study involved 1958 elderly individuals residing in four regions of the state of São Paulo and 1431 elderly individuals residing in the city of Campinas. The dependent variables were the Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Component Summary Scales and the eight subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) versions 1 and 2 (physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, role emotional, social functioning and mental health - in relation to mood) and the feeling of happiness in the previous four weeks. The independent variables were health-related behavior (physical activity during leisure, alcohol intake, smoking habits and sleep pattern) as well as demographic and socioeconomic variables and health conditions. The results revealed that physical exercise was positively associated with the eight SF-36 subscales. Individuals who ingested alcoholic beverages at least once a week exhibited better health conditions than those who did no ingest alcohol. Compared to those who had never smoked, smokers had a worse health status on the mental component health summary. These results underscore the importance of adopting and maintaining healthy behavior for satisfactory health and quality of life among the elderly population, thereby justifying health policies of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (2011) focused on strategies directed at changes in health-related behavior. Regarding sleep, the short sleep pattern (6 or fewer hours) was associated with worse mental health status in both genders in comparison to the medium sleep pattern (7 to 8 hours)...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Epidemiologia / Doutor em Saude Coletiva

Bakgrund: Antalet ammande mammor sjunker i Sverige, en bidragande faktor till den sjunkande amningsfrekvensen kan vara bristen på tillit till sin förmåga att amma. Det är viktigt att identifiera mammor med låg tillit till sin förmåga att amma för att göra det möjligt att vända den sjunkande amningsfrekvensen och för distriktssjuksköterskan att kunna stärka kvinnan i rollen som ammande mamma. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva och jämföra mammors tillit till sin förmåga att amma. Metod: Med enkäten, The breastfeeding self-efficacy scale - short form (BSES-SF) som mäter tillit till sin förmåga att amma, samlades data in för att kunna identifiera mammor med låg eller hög tillit. Resultat: Mammorna i åldersgrupperna 18-25 år och 35-45 år, oberoende av barnets ålder, skattade den lägsta tilliten till sin förmåga att amma gällande att de alltid kunde genomföra varje amning på ett för dem tillfredställande sätt. Den högst skattade tilliten hos samtliga mammor, oberoende av deras egen ålder eller barnets ålder, var att de alltid kan komma fram till att de vill fortsätta att amma. Mammor som ammade barn mellan 10 veckor (v) – 17 v + 6 dagar (d) skattade totalt enligt BSES-SF sin tillit till sin förmåga att amma signifikant högre än mammor som ammade barn mellan 0 v – 9 v + 6 d. Slutsats: Mammorna i föreliggande studie som ammade barn mellan 10 v – 17 v + 6 d skattar sin tillit till sin förmåga att amma högre, än mammorna som ammade barn mellan 0 v – 9 v + 6 d. Nyckelord: Amning, distrik / Background: The number of breastfeeding mothers is reducing in Sweden, a contributing factor to the decrease can be the lack of confidence in their ability to breastfeed. It is important to identify mothers with low confidence in their ability to breastfeed in order to make it possible to reverse the declining number of breastfeeding mothers, and for the primary care nurse to strengthen the woman in the role of a breastfeeding mother. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe and compare mothers’ confidence in their ability to breastfeed. Method: With the survey, the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale - short form (BSES-SF) that measures trust in its ability to breastfeed, data was collected to identify mothers with low or high confidence. Results: The mothers’ of the age groups 18-25 years and 35-45 years, regardless of the age of the child, estimated the lowest confidence in their ability to breastfeed that they could always perform each breastfeeding in a satisfactory manner. The highest ranked trust of all mothers, regardless of their own age or child's age, was that they could always come to the conclusion that they would want continue to breastfeed. Mothers who breastfeed children in the higher age group, 10 weeks (w) – 17 w + 6 days (d), estimated in total according to BSES-SF, their confidence in breastfeeding significantly higher than mothers who breastfeed children between 0 w – 9 w + 6 d. Conclusion: The mothers’ in this study who breastfeed babies between 10 w – 17 w + 6 d estimate their ability to breastfeed higher than the mothers who breastfeed children between 0 w – 9 w + 6 d.

Bakgrund: Hypertoni är en global folksjukdom och den största orsaken till kardiovaskulära sjukdomar och dödlighet. Sjukdomen benämns “the silent killer” eftersom den ofta inte medför några symtom, vilket i sin tur kan innebära att individerna inte upplever sig som sjuka och därför avstår medicinering. Studier visar att många individer med hypertoni lever med nedsatt hälsa och stort lidande. Vid skattning av livskvalitet inom hälso- och sjukvården används begreppet hälsorelaterad livskvalitet (HRQoL) som i denna allmänna litteraturöversikt har valts som teoretisk referensram. Syfte: Att undersöka hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos individer med hypertoni samt vilka faktorer som påverkar deras hälsorelaterade livskvalitet. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt med 19 kvantitativa studier. Huvudresultat: Individer med hypertoni hade sämre HRQoL än individer utan hypertoni. Därtill framkom att medvetenhet om sin hypertonidiagnos även bidrog till sämre HRQoL. Kvinnor hade sämre HRQoL än män. Hög ålder var en faktor som påverkar HRQoL till det sämre, liksom samsjuklighet och okontrollerat högt blodtryck. Anställning, högre inkomst och högre utbildningsnivå bidrog till bättre HRQoL. Levnadsvanor som gav positiva effekter på HRQoL var en viss alkoholkonsumtion och fysisk aktivitet. Faktorer som undersöktes och visade sig påverka HRQoL positivt var individens förmåga att hantera sin sjukdom, individens psykologiska motståndskraft, hälsolitteracitet, vårdkontinuitet, att få regelbunden medicinsk undersökning samt följsamhet till farmakologisk behandling. Slutsats: Den allmänna litteraturöversiktens resultat kan vara värdefullt för all hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal, liksom i arbetet som distriktssköterska, för att kunna stötta individer med hypertoni till en bättre hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och anpassa vården utifrån individernas enskilda förutsättningar. / Background: Hypertension is a global public disease and the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The disease is often called the “silent killer” because it often does not cause any symptoms, which can mean that individuals do not feel sick and therefore refrain from medication. Studies show that many individuals with hypertension live with impaired health and great suffering. When estimating quality of life in health care, the term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is used, which in this general literature review has been chosen as theoretical framework. Aim: To investigate health-related quality of life in individuals with hypertension and the factors that affect their health-related quality of life. Method: A general literature review with 19 quantitative studies.                                  Main results: Individuals with hypertension had poorer HRQoL than individuals without hypertension, in addition, a study showed that awareness of their hypertension diagnosis also contributed to poorer HRQoL. Women had lower HRQoL than men. Old age impaired HRQoL as well as comorbidity and uncontrolled high blood pressure. Employment, higher income and a higher level of education contributed to better HRQoL. Living habits which had positive effects on HRQoL were a certain alcohol consumption and physical activity. Factors examined that were found to have a positive effect on HRQoL where the individual´s’ ability to manage their illness, psychological resilience, health literacy, continuity of care, regular medical examination and adherence to pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: The results of the general literature review can be valuable for all health care and medical staff, as well as in the work as a district nurse, to be able to support individuals with hypertension to a better health-related quality of life and adapt care based on the individuals' conditions.

Bakgrund: Obesitas är en kronisk och komplex sjukdom som har en negativ effekt på både fysisk och psykisk livskvalitet jämfört med normalbefolkningen. Tidigare och nuvarande studier om obesitas och dess behandlingar har främst utvärderat viktminskning och förbättringar av obesitasrelaterade sjukdomar och ofta saknat patientperspektivet på hälsan. Därtill har forskning visat att personal inom hälso- och sjukvården är bristfälligt rustade för att stödja personer med obesitas vilket ökar patientgruppens lidande och försämrar dess livskvalitet. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka om det finns vetenskapligt stöd för att kirurgisk obesitasbehandling är effektivare avseende fysisk och psykisk hälsorelaterad livskvalitet jämfört med medicinsk obesitasbehandling hos vuxna personer med obesitas. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie baserad på SBU:s metod och utmynnade i totalt tre RCT-studier. Resultat: Litteraturöversiktens sammanvägda resultat visar på mycket låg vetenskapligt stöd. Därmed kan resultatet inte med säkerhet uttala sig om huruvida kirurgisk obesitasbehandling är mer effektiv jämfört med medicinsk obesitasbehandling avseende fysisk och psykisk hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Resultatet indikerar att obesitaskirurgi kan förbättra fysisk livskvalitet i högre grad jämfört med medicinsk obesitasbehandling. Den psykiska livskvaliteten förbättras däremot inte i högre utsträckning efter obesitaskirurgi jämfört med kontrollbehandlingen. Konklusion: Där behövs fler RCT-studier som är större, baserade på samma livskvalitetsinstrument och vars mått är redovisade på ett enhetligt sätt. / Background: Obesity is a chronical and complex disease which has a negative impact on physical and mental health-related quality of life compared to the normal population. Previous and current studies on obesity and its treatments have mainly evaluated weight loss and improvements in obesity-related diseases and often lacked the patient perspective on health. In addition, research has shown that healthcare personnel are inadequately equipped to support people with obesity, which increases the patient  group´s suffering and impairs its quality of life. Aim: The aim was to investigate whether there is scientific support that surgical obesity treatment is more effective in terms of physical and mental health-related quality of life compared to medical obesity treatment in obese adults. Method: The study was conducted as a systematic review based on  SBU´s method and resulted in a total of three RCT studies. Results: The combined results of the literature review show very little scientific support. Thus, the result cannot state with certainty whether bariatric surgery is more effective compared to medical obesity treatment regarding physical and mental health-related quality of life. The result indicates that bariatric surgery can improve physical quality of life to a greater degree compared to medical obesity treatment. In contrast, the mental quality of life does not improve to a greater extent after bariatric surgery compared to the control treatment. Conclusion: There is a need for more RCT studies that are lager, based on the same quality of life instrument and whose measurements are reported in a uniform manner.

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa är ett brett spektrum av olika diagnoser och studier visar på att den åldersgrupp som är hårdast drabbad är 16-29 åringar, inte minst studenter. Tidigare forskning visar också att det finns ett samband mellan fysisk aktivitet och psykisk hälsa, men även att kvinnor engagerar sig mindre i fysiska aktiviteter jämfört med män. Siffror visar också att kvinnor upplever mer psykisk ohälsa än män. Syfte: Studien syftade till att undersöka sambandet mellan självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå och psykisk hälsa hos studenter vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet, samt att undersöka skillnader mellan könen. Metod: En kvantitativ enkätundersökning tillämpades genom att sammanställa de två formulären, IPAQ-SF (fysisk aktivitetsnivå) och PHQ-9 (psykisk hälsa). Enkäten distribuerades via en facebookgrupp för studenter vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet och var tillgänglig i två veckor innan bearbetning av den insamlade empirin. Empirin analyserades i JASP och variablerna som användes var självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå i MET-minuter och PHQ-9 poäng (0-27). Resultat: Totalt 23 deltagare varav 15 kvinnor och 6 män. Mann-Whitney U-testet visade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan könen i självskattad psykisk hälsa och fysisk aktivitetsnivå, med p-värden på 1,0 (PHQ-9) och 0,97 (IPAQ-SF). Vidare visade Spearman’s korrelationstest en mycket svag negativ korrelation mellan psykisk hälsa och fysisk aktivitet. En korrelationskoefficient på -0,037, p=0,875, vilket innebär att det inte fanns något signifikant samband mellan de två variablerna. Konklusion: Studenterna som deltog i denna studie visade inget signifikant samband mellan variablerna självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå, mätt i MET-minuter och psykisk hälsa (0-27). Ytterligare sågs ingen skillnad mellan könen. / Background: Mental health issues is a wide spectrum of different diagnosis and studies indicate that the age group that is most affected are individuals between 16-29 years old, particularly students. Previous research also demonstrates a correlation between physical activity and mental health, as well as a lower level of physical engagement among women in comparison to men. Additionally, statistics show that women experience more mental health problems than men. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between self-rated mental health and physical activity among students at Luleå University of Technology, as well as to investigate gender differences. Method: A quantitative survey was conducted by compiling the two forms, IPAQ-SF (physical activity) and PHQ-9 (mental health). The survey was distributed through a Facebook group for students at Luleå University of Technology and was available for two weeks before processing the collected data. The collected data were analyzed using JASP, with the variables of self-reported physical activity level in MET-minutes and PHQ-9 scores (ranging from 0-27). Results: A total of 21 participants, 15 women and 6 men. The Mann-Whitney U-test showed no significant difference between genders in self-rated mental health and physical activity level, with p-values of 1.0 (PHQ-9) and 0,97 (IPAQ-SF). Furthermore, spearman’s correlation test showed a very weak negative correlation between mental health and physical activity. A correlation coefficient of -0,037, p=0,875, which means that there was no significant correlation between the two variables. Conclusion: The students who participated in the study showed to have no significant correlation between the variables self-reported level of physical activity, measured in MET-minutes and mental health (scored from 0-27). Furthermore, no difference was seen between genders.

No description available.

Title: Comparison of the quality of life of persons diagnosed with intervertebral disc herniation in relation to surgical and conservative treatment. Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis was the research and evaluation of the quality of life in patients with intervertebral disc lesion with and without surgery, assuming that both monitored groups will be treated with individual rehabilitation treatment. Methods: This research was carried out using a standardized Short Form 36 (SF - 36) questionnaire on quality of life based on health. The Czech version used corresponds to MUDr. Petra, Ph.D. (2000). The study was conducted at the Na Homolce hospital at the rehabilitation clinic, where appropriate respondents (n = 170) were selected for this research. The final results were divided into the respective age groups in both groups. Subsequently, a statistically significant deviation between the respective files was verified in each age group and therefore it can be said that there are no significant differences between the analyzed files. Effects: The average age of the respondents who underwent the surgery was 49.2 years, with the respondents treated conservatively at an average age of 47.6 years. In terms of total physical health (physical activity, physical limitation, physical pain, general...

Die vorliegende retrospektive Analyse zeigt große Unterschiede zwischen frühem (≤ 36 Monate) und spätem (>36 Monate) Knieendoprothesenversagen. Die Indikation für einen Prothesenwechsel in der Gruppe der Frühversager besteht am häufigsten aufgrund einer Malrotation / Malposition der Prothesenkomponenten. Ein Versagen unabhängig von der Standzeit ist meist auf aseptische Prothesenlockerungen zurückzuführen.  Mehrfach operierte Patienten erzielen ein schlechteres Revisonsergebnis und müssen im Mittel nach 34 Monaten einem erneuten Eingriff unterzogen werden. Dies spiegelt sich in schlechteren Befragungsresultaten dieser Patientengruppe wider. Als signifikant erweisen sich die Unterschiede in der körperlichen Aktivität (p=0,041) und im Gesamtscore des WOMAC (p=0,030). Auch Frauen und Patienten mit einem höheren BMI bewerten ihre Situation schlechter, hier zeigen sich signifikante Unterschiede in der Gelenksteifigkeit. Ein höheres Patientenalter wirkt sich dagegen positiv auf das Resultat nach Revisionsoperation aus. Insgesamt bewerten 78% der Befragten ihren Revisionsentscheid im Nachhinein als positiv.

The precipitation falling as rain or snow has different impact on regional water resources and their annual distribution. Shift from solid to liquid form of precipitation following the increase of the surface air temperatures could be important because such change could influence the timing of spring runoff and cause water scarcity in summer. In this study, the spatial and temporal variations of ratio of snowfall to total precipitation (Sf), mean air temperature, day of year of melt-out and winter and spring runoff is analysed. Data were examined for 11 meteorological and 6 hydrological stations in the mountains catchment in Czechia for November-April 1965-2014. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall trend test. Major results show that Sf has been decreasing strongly throughout the whole examined area, with the strongest decrease in the foothill area of the northern mountains of Czechia. Stronger decrease is observed in lower elevations, at the stations with meant air temperature close to melt temperature. Strongest decrease was observed in March and the weakest decrease was observed in December and April, The significant decreases in Sf are associated with large increase in mean winter air temperatures. Due to the increasing mean air temperature in the cold season, the total rainfall is...