Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-26T10:08:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anaalicematiellocoelho.pdf: 815721 bytes, checksum: 17cebef01385b378cb49afad8b063ea2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-27T10:51:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anaalicematiellocoelho.pdf: 815721 bytes, checksum: 17cebef01385b378cb49afad8b063ea2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-27T10:51:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anaalicematiellocoelho.pdf: 815721 bytes, checksum: 17cebef01385b378cb49afad8b063ea2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / A pesquisa em questão procura compreender a relação entre o Paradoxo Absoluto e os conceitos cristãos de pecado, fé, indivíduo e amor no pensamento de Kierkegaard. Analisarse- á a conexão do Paradoxo Absoluto em correspondência com cada conceito especifico para, em seguida, compreender os conceitos kierkegaardiano em articulações polares de modo a esclarecer a dialética que perpassa o seu pensamento e, ao esclarecer estes conceitos fundamentais do Cristianismo na perspectiva dialética, compreender-se-á o próprio conceito de Cristianismo em Kierkegaard. / This research seeks to understand the relationship between the Absolut Paradox and the Christian concepts of sin, faith, individuality and love in the thinking of Kierkegaard. The link of the Absolut Paradox to each concept will be analyzed, forming the basis for an understanding of Kierkegaard´s concepts as a series of polarities. This will help to elucidate the dialectic that runs through all his thinking, producing a dialectical perspective on the cardinal concepts of Christianity that is by itself an understanding of the concept of Christianity in Kierkegaard´s thought.

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo diseñar una solución de inteligencia de negocios (BI) aplicado a una organización sin fines de lucro; de ahora en adelante llamada ONG. El presente proyecto busca automatizar dos procesos dentro de la ONG. Estos procesos corresponden a la implementación de un proyecto de la ONG llamado 'Lectores de paso'. Así mismo, se busca que el entregable les permita tomar decisiones de manera más ágil y dinámica, dejando de lado cuellos de botella operativos. Para la realización de este proyecto se investigaron soluciones de inteligencia de negocios aplicadas a Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYMEs). Esto debido a su gran similitud con la ONG respecto a términos de tamaño, capacidades y complejidad de la organización. A partir de este punto, se pudo identificar los principales retos y causas que impiden una implementación de este tipo dentro de la organización. La solución planteada emplea herramientas como Pentaho Data Integration Community Edition y Google Data Studio, ambas herramientas de acceso gratuito. Así mismo, empleando datos provistos por la organización se ejecutaron pruebas de concepto que nos permitieron validar la solución. Finalmente, una vez realizada una prueba de concepto, se logró reducir el tiempo operativo en los dos procesos objetivos. Además, se dotó a la organización de un flujo de trabajo que les permita exportar sus datos, tomar mejores decisiones y realizar cambios de alcance a la hora de implementar su proyecto ‘Lectores de paso’. / The current project aims to design a business intelligence (BI) solution applied to a non-profit organization, from now on called NGO. The current project seeks to automate two processes within the NGO. These processes correspond to the implementation of a project of the NGO called 'Lectores de paso'. Likewise, the deliverable wants to allow them to make decisions in a more agile and dynamic way, leaving aside operational bottlenecks. For the realization of this project, we researched business intelligence solutions applied to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Due to its similarity with the NGO in terms of size, capabilities, and complexity of the organization. From this point, it was possible to identify the main challenges and causes that prevent the implementation of this type within the organization. The solution uses Pentaho Data Integration Community Edition and Google Data Studio as tools, both tools are free of charge. Also, using data provided by the organization, executed proof of concept that allowed us to validate the solution. Finally, once the proof of concept was carried out, it was possible to reduce the driving time in the two target processes. Likewise, now the organization can work with a workflow that allows them to export their data, make better decisions, and make quick changes in scope when implementing their project 'Lectores de paso'. / Tesis

La presente investigación establece como problemática principal la escasa participación de los jóvenes de Lima Metropolitana en organizaciones juveniles. Según la Encuesta Nacional de la Juventud (Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud [Senaju], 2012), solo el 13.2% de jóvenes entre 15 y 19 años participan de alguna de estas organizaciones. Así, sobre la muestra referencial de jóvenes entre 18 y 20 años, pertenecientes a los niveles socioeconómicos (NSE) B y C de Lima Metropolitana, esta investigación buscó identificar las causas y motivos que determinan este hecho, en específico, cuáles son las causas de la baja participación de jóvenes en tres organizaciones juveniles, con presencia nacional e internacional, y que tienen una historia de más de 50 años de actividad, como son la Asociación de Scouts del Perú, la YMCA y la Cámara Junior Internacional, resultan insuficientes para atraer nuevos miembros. / The current research establishes as main problem the low participation of young people in metropolitan Lima in youth organizations. According to the national youth survey (Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud [Senaju], 2012), only 13.2% of 15-19 year olds are involved in any of these organizations. Therefore, according to the referenced sample of young people between 18 and 20 years old, who belong to the socioeconomic levels B and C of Metropolitan Lima, this research looks forward to identifying the causes and reasons that determine this fact, specifically, the causes of the low participation of youth in three locally and internationally recognized youth organization such as the Association of Scouts of Peru, the YMCA and the Junior Chamber International, which have a long-term activity over 50 years, but come up to be insufficient to attract new members. / Tesis

The study is going to analyse Ambrose's treatise De paenitentia and evaluate its importance for the theology of penance. After presenting the evolution of the practice of penance in early Church till 4th century, especially in West and with focus on the Novatian crisis as a milestone, the study is further dealing with Ambrose of Milan's personality and works, namely with his treatise De paenitentia; not only in the context of the contemporary polemics with Novatian heresy, but mainly as a first formalized and structured theology which will be later developed into the understanding of penance as one of the Church's sacraments. Keywords Ambrose of Milan, Church Fathers, 4th century, Novatian, sin, penance, repentance

The present study aims to bring into focus the antinomian doctrine of redemption through sin as it appears in Jules Michelet’s La Sorcière. According to Michelet, the witch-cult was both vestigial paganism and an attempt at overthrowing the Christian political order. The witch redeemed mankind by sinning against the Christian order, thus anticipating the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, as well as the French Revolution. The notion of redemption through sin, borrowed from Gershom Scholem, will enable us to compare Michelet’s and Scholem’s approaches to history and counter-history. It will also allow us to read La Sorcière against a broader religious background than is usually employed. Among the sources of Michelet, the often overlooked kabbalistic, possibly Sabbatian, subtext will be assessed in relation to his peculiar female messianism. Likewise, the episode, in La Sorcière, of the encounter between the witch and the Jew will be thoroughly studied. This may lead us to better comprehend Michelet’s theology, with the biblical God being akin, in his opinion, to that of the witches.

Orientador: Jefferson Rodrigues Barbosa / Resumo: A pesquisa em comento possui o objetivo principal de analisar os desafios relativos à prática docente no tocante ao ensino da Sociologia no Ensino Médio, considerando o atual contexto político, social e econômico de insofismável ofensiva liberal conservadora no Brasil. Visou-se, igualmente, com o trabalho, analisar os fundamentos conceituais de gênero, identificar e demarcar as violações de preceitos legais constituintes do Estado Democrático de Direito por meio da análise dos projetos de lei, que pretendem instituir o Programa Escola sem Partido e retirar qualquer discussão à respeito de gênero nas escolas, sob a alegação de fomentar a ‘ideologia de gênero’. Neste sentido, finalmente, a pesquisa propôs uma reflexão sobre a aula como práxis educativa, como ferramenta política e educacional de enfrentamento do supradito discurso e de defesa do caráter científico da sociologia. A proposição teórico-metodológica alternativa para efetivar esta reflexão se pautou na “Metodologia de Mediação Dialética – M.M.D”, desenvolvida pela professora e pesquisadora Maria Eliza Brefere Arnoni. Para tanto, selecionou-se o conteúdo disposto no segundo bimestre do terceiro ano do ensino médio, do Currículo do Estado de São Paulo, qual seja: os movimentos sociais, estabelecendo um recorte das aulas que propõem sobre a importância do movimento feminista na construção de uma sociedade humanamente emancipada. / Abstract: The research object of this commentary has as main objective to analyze the challenges concerning the teaching practice regarding the teaching of Sociology in the High School, considering the current political, social and economic context of unquestionable conservative liberal offensive in Brazil. It is also intended, with the work, to identify and demarcate violations of constitutional legal precepts of the Democratic State of Law through the bills, which seek to institute the School without Party Program and eliminate any discussion of gender in schools, under the claim to promote "gender ideology." In this sense, finally, the research proposes a reflection on the class as educational praxis, as a political and educational instrument to confront the above-mentioned discourse and defense of the scientific character of sociology. The theoretical-methodological proposal to carry out this reflection will be based on the "Dialectic Mediation Methodology - M.M.D", developed by Professor and researcher María Eliza Brefere Arnoni. For that, the content provided in the second two-month period of the third year of the secondary school was chosen, from the State Curriculum of São Paulo, namely: the social movements, establishing a selection of the classes they propose on the importance of the feminist movement in the construction of a humanly emancipated society. / Resumen: La pesquisa objeto de este comentario posee como objetivo principal analizar los desafíos concernientes a la práctica docente en lo tocante a la enseñanza de Sociología en la Escuela Secundaria, considerando el actual contexto político, social y económico de incuestionable ofensiva liberal conservadora en Brasil. Se pretende, igualmente, con el trabajo, identificar y demarcar las violaciones de preceptos legales constituyentes del Estado Democrático de Derecho por medio de los proyectos de ley, que buscan instituir el Programa Escuela sin Partido y eliminar cualquier discusión sobre género en las escuelas, bajo la alegación de promover la “ideología de género”. En este sentido, finalmente, la pesquisa propone una reflexión sobre la clase como praxis educativa, como instrumento político y educacional de enfrentamiento del sobredicho discurso y defensa del carácter científico de la sociología. La propuesta teórico-metodológica para efectuar esta reflexión se basará en la “Metodología de Mediación Dialéctica – M.M.D”, desarrollada por la profesora e investigadora María Eliza Brefere Arnoni. Para eso, se eligió el contenido proporcionado en el segundo bimestre del tercer año de la escuela secundaria, del Currículum del Estado de São Paulo, a saber: los movimientos sociales, estableciendo una selección de las clases que proponen sobre la importancia del movimiento feminista en la construcción de una sociedad humanamente emancipada. / Mestre

Depuis le Moyen Âge, l’intérêt philosophique pour le péché originel, la chute d’Ève et d’Adam, ainsi que le châtiment divin, a produit de nombreuses interprétations du récit de la Genèse. La question la plus importante était celle de comprendre la responsabilité de l’homme dans le mal et de disculper Dieu. Comment un Dieu tout puissant et tout bon pourrait-il accepter que ses créatures tombent dans l’abîme du péché ? Contrairement à ce qu’on pourrait s’attendre, cet intérêt ne perd pas en vigueur au début de la Renaissance : il se voit même renforcer à travers les divergences naissantes de la Réforme. C’est pourquoi il est intéressant d’interroger la pensée de Montaigne et de Descartes, deux penseurs à première vue sans rapport avec une quelconque controverse religieuse (ou en tout cas officiellement non engagés dans des débats de nature théologique). Considèrent-ils le péché dans sa compréhension théologique et religieuse ? Ou le concept de péché se présente-t-il sous une nouvelle forme, qu’on pourrait alors appeler humaniste ou encore naturaliste ? Ni Montaigne ni Descartes n’emploient le terme de péché originel, ce qui marque leur originalité par rapport aux autres penseurs de leurs époques. L’intérêt est donc de savoir si l’absence de ce terme signifie un désintérêt pour la religion chrétienne dans leurs morales, ou si elle marque le début d’une pensée qui essaie de donner une interprétation laïque et sécularisant du mal et du péché. Montaigne et Descartes séparent-ils leurs morales avec la tradition chrétienne ? / Since the Middle Ages, philosophers’ interest in the original sin, in the fall of Eve and Adam and in divine retribution has produced many interpretations of Genesis. The most important question was to understand the responsibility of man in evil and to exculpate God. How could almighty and merciful God accept that his creatures fall into the abyss of sin? Contrary to what one might expect, this interest does not lose its force at the beginning of the Renaissance: it is even strengthened through the emerging differences of the Reformation. This is why it is interesting to analyze the thought of Montaigne and Descartes, two thinkers who seem at first sight unrelated to any religious controversy (or, at least, officially non-engaged in debates of a theological nature). Do they consider sin in his theological and religious understanding? Or, does the concept of sin face a new form of understanding which could then be called humanist or naturalist? Neither Montaigne nor Descartes uses the term original sin, a choice which marks their originality compared to other thinkers of their times. Therefore, we must examine if the absence of this term means a disinterest in the Christian religion in their morals, or if it marks the beginning of a thought which tries to propose a laic and secularized interpretation of the evil and the sin. Do Montaigne and Descartes distance their moral thoughts from the Christian tradition?

This thesis focuses on intricate and complex phenomenon of guilt. It does it by comparing two different approaches: approach of prophetic literature and social crisis literature. Both approaches are taught on Protestant Theological Faculty in Charles University of Prague but each of them is based on different presupposition. The first is theological, based on ancient thought of Israeli spiritual authorities, the second is modern, based on social work and it cooperates with psychology, sociology, anthropology but also theology and philosophy. Aim of this thesis is to enter the problematics and professional discussion about guilt through these two different approaches on the one hand and to compare and evaluate them on the other hand.

La finalidad de este trabajo de investigación se genera gracias a la necesidad de buscar una forma más efectiva de gestionar programaciones de obra durante la etapa de estructuras en dos hospitales ubicados en la región San Martín, para ello se realiza un análisis en ambas obras, dado que en una de ellas se trabajó bajo el sistema tradicional y la segunda bajo los lineamientos del Last Planner, esto con el objetivo de determinar cuál es más eficiente. en ese sentido se desarrolla un comparativo del ya conocido sistema Last Planner en el campo de la construcción versus el enfoque tradicional de planeamiento (cronograma Gantt, ruta crítica), tal como se describirá en los capítulos 3 y 4. En el capítulo 1, se detallan los aspectos generales del presente trabajo, se señala el problema, las diferentes hipótesis, el objetivo general y los objetivos específicos, así como la metodología a seguir y los resultados esperados. En el capítulo 2, se detalla todo el marco teórico del sistema del planificador último, considerada como un elemento que forma parte del enfoque “construcción sin pérdidas” o “Lean Construction que apareció en los años 90 y cuya procedencia fue el resultado de la aplicación de “Lean Production” y de los principios para la dirección de proyectos. En el capítulo 3, se realiza el análisis de cada obra, la primera bajo el sistema tradicional y la segunda por los principales conceptos y herramientas del sistema Last Planner y establecer una base teórica sólida que sirva de apoyo al trabajo de investigación. En los capítulos 4 y 5, se realizó el comparativo en la ejecución de ambos hospitales, obteniendo como resultado un mejor desarrollo en control de la programación en el hospital B, el cual como se explicó, se trabajó bajo los lineamientos del sistema Last Planner, sin embrago se debe tener en cuenta también que no se pudo llegar a los valores esperados debido a factores climatológicos propios de la zona de trabajo, de todas maneras estuvo por encima de los valores obtenidos en los indicadores del hospital A, desarrollado bajo el sistema tradicional. Finalmente, el material del trabajo de investigación, servirá de apoyo para realizar la aplicación del sistema del planificador último para distintos proyectos de construcción. / The purpose of this research work is generated by the need to find the most efficient way to manage the work schedule during the structures stage in two hospitals located in the San Martín region, for which an analysis is carried out in both works, given that one of them worked under the traditional system and the second under the guidelines of the Last Planner, this with the aim of determining which is more efficient. In this sense, a comparative of the Last Planner system in construction versus the traditional planning approach is developed (Gantt schedule, critical path), as will be described in chapters 3 and 4. In Chapter 1, the general aspects of this work are detailed, the problem, the different hypotheses, the general objective and the specific objectives are indicated, as well as the methodology to be followed and the expected results. In Chapter 2, the entire theoretical framework of the Last Planner system is detailed, a tool that is part of the “lossless construction” or “Lean Construction” philosophy that emerged in the 1990s and came from the adaptation of “Lean Production” and the foundations for project management. In Chapter 3, the analysis of each work is carried out, the first under the traditional system and the second for the main concepts and tools of the Last Planner System in order to generate a solid theoretical base to support this research work. In Chapters 4 and 5, a comparison was made in the execution of both hospitals, obtaining as a result a better development in programming control in hospital B, which, as explained, worked under the guidelines of the Last Planner System, However, it should also be taken into account that the expected values could not be reached due to climatic factors typical of the work area, in any case it was above the values obtained in the hospital A indicators, developed under the traditional system. Finally, the material of this research work will serve as a starting point for the application of the latest planner system in different construction project. / Trabajo de investigación

The focus of this dissertation is the role of specific CD8+ T cells in the pathogenesis of a highly lethal human viral disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). HPS is a zoonotic disease caused by transmission of Sin Nombre virus (SNV) from chronically infected deer mice. In humans, this fulminant infection is characterized by lung capillary leakage, respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. Individuals with HLA-B*3501 have an increased risk of developing severe HPS, and the majority of defined CD8+ T cell epitopes in SNV are presented by this HLA allele, suggesting that CD8+ T cell responses to SNV contribute to pathogenesis. We speculate that CD8+ T cell mediated immune responses to SNV antigens in pulmonary endothelial cells contribute to the pathology of HPS. Specifically, we hypothesize that there are quantitative and/or qualitative differences in SNV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in HPS patients with moderate vs. severe disease. In this dissertation I measured the frequencies of SNV-specific CD8+ T cells during acute HPS. Using HLA/peptide tetramers, I quantitated circulating SNV-specific CD8+ T cells of all the available HLA-B35+ patients with HPS caused by SNV. This is the first time hantavirus-specific T cells have been quantitated during acute infection. I report that between 2.9% and 44.2% of the CD8+ T cells were specific for the three SNV epitopes in combination during acute disease in the patients analyzed in this study. These levels are very high in comparison to the frequencies reported in the literature for other acute human viral infections. Furthermore, I report significantly higher frequencies of SNV-specific T cells in patients with severe HPS requiring mechanical ventilation (up to 44.2% of CD8+ T cells) than in moderately ill HPS patients hospitalized but not requiring mechanical ventilation (up to 9.8% of CD8+ T cells). These results imply that virus-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to HPS disease outcome. In this dissertation I also provide preliminary data on qualitative aspects of SNV-specific T cells. Analysis of the TCR repertoire of SNV-specific T cell lines isolated from the PBMC of acute HPS patients raises the possibility that SNV-specific T cells express a limited number of TCR Vβ alleles; however, this is quite speculative because it is based on the analysis of only seven CTL lines. Analysis of cytokine expression by the CTL lines in response to in vitro antigen-specific stimulation indicate that SNV-specific T cells are capable of secreting IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-13 upon stimulation. The data presented in this dissertation extend previous studies, which suggested a role for virus-specific T cells in HPS pathogenesis and support our hypothesis that virus-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to HPS disease outcome. The results of this study will be useful in the design of future therapeutic strategies for this emerging human pathogen. The conclusions of this study may also benefit the study of other human viral hemorrhagic fevers. Improved understanding of the mechanism of pathogenesis of severe viral zoonoses will result in better treatment and prevention strategies.