Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arlete Aparecida Oliveira de Almeida.pdf: 10509524 bytes, checksum: 20d19b84dd3fa845c5ebd5c3d34c1fa2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This assignment broaches curriculum of Mathematic in high school, intending to analyze the occurrence of Mathematic when it emphasizes the practical application, focused on its theory production. Considering that in the recently discussions about this subject, there is a tendency in the official orientation, educational material and possibly in the class practice, to give priority to a mathematic with emphasis on practical application. This assignment s goal is to collect arguments that support the proposals that defend Mathematic in its purest and speculative way or in its application as an essential criterion to be taught. With this concerning, we have analyzed documents of the official, national and state curriculum, course books, and produced material considering the project Construction of the Learning and the curriculum innovation implement in Mathematic in the High School level , in what our research takes part. We have chosen two representative texts of this polarization: the Lawrence Shirley s, that emphasizes the utilitarian characteristic of the contemporary Mathematic, contributing to a more broad view of its application and the Godfrey Harold Hardy s, requiring a different view, where he says that the pure Mathematic is, in general, much more useful than the practical one, emphasizing that the most useful is the technique of the Mathematic. We have added Ole Skovsmose to the debate, for his contributions in the Mathematic critical area, essential part to complement the reflections around the Mathematic to be taught to the students. Faced with the results analysis, we have concluded that the Mathematic curriculum to the high school level needs to have a clear direction, because each choice will be reflected in the future, socially and on the individual that will be formed. The clarity of the high school courses will certainly provide the production possibilities of the curriculum to the high school level / Este trabalho aborda currículos de Matemática no Ensino Médio buscando analisar a predominância da Matemática voltada para aplicações práticas ou da Matemática focalizada nas suas produções teóricas, tendo em vista que nas discussões mais recentes sobre o tema parece haver uma tendência nas orientações oficiais, nos materiais didáticos e possivelmente nas práticas de sala de aula de priorizar a matemática com ênfase nas aplicações prática. O objetivo deste trabalho é o de buscar argumentos que sustentam as propostas que defendem a Matemática na sua forma mais pura e especulativa ou nas suas aplicações como critério essencial para que seja ensinada. Com tais preocupações, analisamos documentos curriculares oficiais, nacionais e estaduais, livros didáticos e materiais elaborados no âmbito do projeto Construção de trajetórias hipotéticas de Aprendizagem e implementação de inovações curriculares em Matemática no Ensino Médio , em que nossa pesquisa se insere. Escolhemos dois textos bem representativos dessa polarização, sendo o de Lawrence Shirley que coloca ênfase no caráter utilitário da Matemática contemporânea, contribuindo para se ter uma visão mais ampla de suas aplicações e o de Godfrey Harold Hardy, postulando uma visão diferente, na qual ele defende que a matemática pura é no geral, muito mais útil do que a aplicada, ressaltando que o mais útil é a técnica da matemática. Agregamos ao debate, Ole Skovsmose, por suas contribuições no terreno da Matemática crítica, ingrediente fundamental para complementar as reflexões em torno da matemática a ser ensinada aos estudantes. Mediante a análise dos resultados, concluímos que os currículos de Matemática para o Ensino Médio precisam ter um direcionamento claro, pois cada escolha terá reflexo no futuro, socialmente e no indivíduo a ser formado. A clareza dos rumos do ensino Médio é que irá proporcionar as possibilidades de elaboração dos currículos para o Ensino Médio

In this thesis, I study the performance behaviour of hedge funds and mutual funds. I study a basket of various risk statistics that are widely used to measure the fluctuation of asset prices. Those risk statistics are used to rank the performance of the assets. The linear dependence relation of these risk measures in ranking assets is investigated and the set of risk measures is reduced by excluding risk measures that produce linearly dependent ranking vectors to other risk measures. The ranks within each of the selected remaining risk statistics are standardised and then linearly transformed into a new set of linearly independent factors where principal component analysis is carried out as a variable reduction technique to remove the noise while preserve the main variation of the original data. The transformed factors are sorted in descending order according to their contribution to the variation of the original data. The factor loadings of the first two principal components PC1 and PC2 are reviewed and interpreted as styles (PC1 as consistency and PC2 as aggression). The universe of a set of hedge funds is classified according to these styles as BL=(low consistency, low aggression), BR=(high consistency, low aggression), TL=(low consistency, high aggression) and TR=(high consistency, high aggression). I examine the performance behaviour of the four different classified classes whereby this classification method provides an indication on returns and management styles of hedge funds. A three-factor prediction model for asset returns is introduced by regressing 12 weeks' forward rank of return on the historical ranks of risk statistics. The first few principal components, which explain the main variation of information captured by risk statistics, are used in the prediction model. The robustness of the model is tested by applying the model to the following 12-week period using the set of independent factors. An investment strategy is constructed based on the prediction model using the set of independent factors. I discover high evidence of predictability and I test for out-of-sample forecasting performance. I then examine the use of subsets of risk statistics from the basket rather than using the set of all risk statistics. I further study the use of the so-called σ2/μ risk measure in predicting the market “turning point” of performance of a portfolio of hedge funds. Risk measure quantity σ2/μ replaces the traditional variance σ2 in the Black-Scholes option valuation formula when it is evaluated for hedge funds.

<p>Financial speculation has increased dramatically over the last 30 years. This means that a practice that used to be viewed as immoral <i>gambling</i> has become legitimate financial <i>trade</i>. This book explores the<i> genealogy</i> of the coexisting<i> insider trading laws</i>. The insider regulation prohibits trade based on privileged information in order to create equal trading conditions, and in this way uphold confidence in the financial markets among the general public. However, this study shows that the existing view of the insider regulation is <i>misleading</i> and that the regulation is best understood as a <i>game rule</i> aiming to <i>stimulate</i> financial speculation. The protection interest is therefore not primarily the general public, but the financial system as such: the professional market actors sustaining the speculative activities and a growing financial sector. </p><p>The consequence of stimulating financial speculation is that today’s authorities are attempting to make the financial markets into a lotto-like game, rather than a market for long-term investment. To make the financial markets into liquid and volatile public “games” means that the <i>risks</i> involved in the financial speculation are created by the human hand and the economic system<i> itself</i> rather than being naturally given. This places <i>desire</i> rather than rational <i>needs</i> as the fundamental ground of the economy. The concluding question is; why are we making our economy into a game? </p>

Financial speculation has increased dramatically over the last 30 years. This means that a practice that used to be viewed as immoral gambling has become legitimate financial trade. This book explores the genealogy of the coexisting insider trading laws. The insider regulation prohibits trade based on privileged information in order to create equal trading conditions, and in this way uphold confidence in the financial markets among the general public. However, this study shows that the existing view of the insider regulation is misleading and that the regulation is best understood as a game rule aiming to stimulate financial speculation. The protection interest is therefore not primarily the general public, but the financial system as such: the professional market actors sustaining the speculative activities and a growing financial sector. The consequence of stimulating financial speculation is that today’s authorities are attempting to make the financial markets into a lotto-like game, rather than a market for long-term investment. To make the financial markets into liquid and volatile public “games” means that the risks involved in the financial speculation are created by the human hand and the economic system itself rather than being naturally given. This places desire rather than rational needs as the fundamental ground of the economy. The concluding question is; why are we making our economy into a game?

During a research process on financial speculation in relation to the home, Carl-Oskar Linné encounters statistics and reports that tell of rising unemployment among realtors. By investigating an alleged flight from the realtor profession and asking questions of prospective, current and former realtors, he attempts to understand the relationship of home sellers to their home, the housing list, the speculation mechanism and security. What are the living conditions and how is the relationship to housing policy? This essay tells about the state of the Swedish housing market and explains what has led to the work "Speculation"/"Mäklare", a work at its core questioning market ideology. The texts also describes work methods, sources of inspiration and some earlier work. / Under en researchprocess om finansiell spekulation i förhållande till hemmet stöter Carl-Oskar Linné på statistik och rapporter som berättar om en ökande arbetslöshet bland fastighetsmäklare. Genom att undersöka en påstådd flykt från mäklaryrket och ställa frågor till blivande, nuvarande och före detta fastighetsmäklare försöker han förstå bostadssäljarens förhållande sitt hem, bostadskön, spekulationsmekanismen och tryggheten. Vilka är livsvillkoren och hur är förhållandet till bostadspolitiken? Denna uppsats beskriver tillståndet på den svenska bostadsmarknaden och vad som har lett till arbetet "Mäklare", ett verk som i grunden ifrågasätter marknadsideologin. Texten beskriver även arbetsmetoder, inspirationskällor och tidigare arbete.

The Swedish housing market has been subject to extensive attention in the media recently, and the existence of a housing bubble has been questioned. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the Swedish housing market to investigate if there are reasons to believe that the market is overvalued. The current situation in the housing market will be compared to the United States market prior to the crash of 2007. The models that are used in the paper is the house price-to-income, price-to-rent and imputed rent-to-rent. Other fundamental factors such as rent control, household debt, interest rates, and other policies effecting the housing market will be discussed. The main findings indicate that the Swedish housing market in 2010 is overvalued, however one has to consider that there are limitations to these models such as the extra benefits of owning a house compared to renting.

The Swedish housing market has been subject to extensive attention in the media recently, and the existence of a housing bubble has been questioned. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the Swedish housing market to investigate if there are reasons to believe that the market is overvalued. The current situation in the housing market will be compared to the United States market prior to the crash of 2007. The models that are used in the paper is the house price-to-income, price-to-rent and imputed rent-to-rent. Other fundamental factors such as rent control, household debt, interest rates, and other policies effecting the housing market will be discussed. The main findings indicate that the Swedish housing market in 2010 is overvalued, however one has to consider that there are limitations to these models such as the extra benefits of owning a house compared to renting.

In this thesis we empirically examine whether the Turkish stock market is driven by rational bubbles over the period between March 1990 and February 2012. The bubble periods are estimated using a recently developed right-tailed unit root test, the generalized sup augmented Dickey-Fuller test of Phillips, Shi and Yu (2011a). Applying their bubble detection and location strategies to weekly price dividend ratio series, we find strong evidence for the existence of rational bubbles in the Turkish stock market benchmark indices as well as sector indices. Our located bubble periods may give early warning signals of the subsequent Turkish financial crisis.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:44:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao parte1 Priscila Celeste Martins.pdf: 6787208 bytes, checksum: 6374485557dd489a0ce197b5b7cd9790 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / The present study it aimed at to verify the performance of the real estate capital in the city of Catalão (GO), with prominence for the real estate speculation and the verticalization of housings enterprises, as form to accumulate the exploration of the ground urban. The chosen secular clipping understands the period enters 1975 the 2010, because it was from the tarring of the BR-050 in 1972, that the borders of the city had confided, with consequent incorporation of territories in the modernization productive process and conservative. The space concentration of the population, associated with the development of the productive forces, not only induced significant changes in the economic activities and constructed environments, but also in the standards of consumption and good of service. In this direction, one searched to know the performance of the real estate capital in the urban space saw speculation with lands and verticalization of real estate enterprises in Catalão (GO). For in such a way, it was still evaluated, as social sciences, in special Geographic science has worked urban aspects e, more recently, the speculation and the verticalization; it was also looked to verify the dynamics of the city of Catalão in the context of the southeastern microregion Goiano, having for this, verified the behavior of the migration, the urban expansion and the speculation with lands and the social segregation. Finally it was looked to understand the city of Catalão and its giants, from the speculation and of the verticalization of enterprises, searching the primordium of the speculation with lands in the city, from the decade of 1970, time this, that served of landmark and that it culminated in the dynamic present time of the giants. In relation the methodology of used research, we institute the following instruments: methodological theoretical referential (been, capital, urbanization, etc). The empirical referential consisted of work of field, interviews next to real estate proprietors of and living of buildings of the city of Catalão. Moreover, the referential technician is constituted of graphical tables and photos. / O presente estudo visou verificar a atuação do capital imobiliário na cidade de Catalão (GO), com destaque para a especulação imobiliária e a verticalização de empreendimentos habitacionais, como forma de adensar a exploração do solo urbano. O recorte temporal escolhido compreende o período entre 1975 a 2010, porque foi a partir do asfaltamento da BR-050 em 1972, que se abriram as fronteiras do município, com conseqüente incorporação de territórios no processo produtivo modernizante e conservador. A concentração espacial da população, associada ao desenvolvimento das forças produtivas, induziu mudanças significativas não apenas nas atividades econômicas e nos ambientes construídos, mas também nos padrões de consumo e de bens de serviço. Nesse sentido, buscou-se conhecer a atuação do capital imobiliário no espaço urbano via especulação com terras e verticalização de empreendimentos imobiliários em Catalão (GO). Para tanto, avaliou-se ainda, como as ciências sociais, em especial a ciência Geográfica tem trabalhado os aspectos urbanos e, mais recentemente, a especulação e a verticalização; procurou-se também verificar a dinâmica da cidade de Catalão no contexto da microrregião do Sudeste Goiano, tendo para isso, verificado o comportamento da migração, da expansão urbana e a especulação com terras e a segregação social. Finalmente procurou-se entender a cidade de Catalão e seus gigantes, a partir da especulação e da verticalização de empreendimentos, buscando os primórdios da especulação com terras na cidade, a partir da década de 1970, época esta, que serviu de marco e que culminou na atualidade dinâmica dos gigantes. Em relação a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada, instituímos os seguintes instrumentais: referencial teórico metodológico (estado, capital, urbanização, etc). O referencial empírico constituiu-se de trabalho de campo, entrevistas junto a proprietários de imobiliárias e moradores de edifícios da cidade de Catalão. Além disso, o referencial técnico é constituído de tabelas e gráficos e fotos.

Dans cette thèse, nous présentons nos contributions à Apollo (Automatic speculative POLyhedral Loop Optimizer), qui est un compilateur automatique combinant la parallélisation spéculative et le modèle polyédrique, afin d’optimiser les codes à la volée. En effectuant une instrumentation partielle au cours de l’exécution, et en la soumettant à une interpolation, Apollo est capable de construire un modèle polyédrique spéculatif dynamiquement. Ce modèle spéculatif est ensuite transmis à Pluto, qui est un ordonnanceur polyédrique statique. Apollo sélectionne ensuite un des squelettes d’optimisation de code générés statiquement, et l’instancie. La partie dynamique d’Apollo surveille continuellement l’exécution du code afin de détecter de manière dé- centralisée toute violation de dépendance. Une autre contribution importante de cette thèse est notre extension du modèle polyédrique aux codes exhibant un comportement non-linéaire. Grâce au contexte dynamique et spéculatif d’Apollo, les comportements non-linéaires sont soit modélisés par des hyperplans de régression linéaire formant des tubes, soit par des intervalles de valeurs atteintes. Notre approche permet l’application de transformations polyédriques à des codes non-linéaires grâce à un système de vérification de la spéculation hybride, combinant vérifications centralisées et décentralisées. / In this thesis, we present our contributions to APOLLO (Automatic speculative POLyhedral Loop Optimizer), which is an automated compiler combining Thread Level Speculation (TLS) and the polyhedral model to optimize codes on the fly. By doing partial instrumentation at runtime, and subjecting it to interpolation, Apollo is able to construct a speculative polyhedral model dynamically. The speculative model is then passed to Pluto -a static polyhedral scheduler-. Apollo then selects one of the statically generated code optimization skeletons and instantiates it. The runtime continuously monitors the code for any dependence violation in a decentralized manner. Another important contribution of this thesis is our extension of the polyhedral model to codes exhibiting a non linear behavior. Thanks to the dynamic and speculative context offered by Apollo, non-linear behaviors are either modeled using linear regression hyperplanes forming tubes, or using ranges of reached values. Our approach enables the application of polyhedral transformations to non-linear codes thanks to an hybrid centralized-decentralized speculation verification system