My project is about the library of Kungsholmen, spaces for interaction and theactivity of reading. In the beginning of the 20th century The public libraries of Sweden was born out of the idea that the “people” needed to be educated. Collective public education became the instrument by which the people would become more involved in creating a modern society. Throughout the 20th century the library grew stronger and together with the idea of “Folkhemmet” they turned into strong and distinctive symbols of the collective civic value and democracy. The access of knowledge and a built environment for everyone is two of the fundamental values when speaking of the library. At Kungsholmens the library is cramped away within the rumbling noise of the intersection of SanktEriksgatan / Drottningholmsvägen. Here you find the entrance to the third most visited library in the Stockholm region with about 2000 visitors/day. There has been a decision made for transforming the property that the library is a part of into a new large Shopping mall. As the early plans show, one of the entrances to the mall will cut straight through the library space leaving the visitors to pass through the shopping mall when moving within the library space. The library holds a tempo and carries a certain atmosphere, an atmosphere that I find difficult to combine within a shopping mall environment. But also thefundamental thought that Valfrid Palmgren had, the author of the public library inSweden in the beginning of the 20th century, that the library was to be free from external and commercial forces. I therefor find it somehow problematic having to pass through a shopping mall to be able to access the public space of the library. I therefor propose a new site and a new context for the library of Kungsholmen. / Biblioteket på Kungsholmen är på väg att bli en del av ett nytt shoppingcenter. Som de tidiga planerna visade skulle en av entreerna till gallerian skära rakt genom bibliotekets verksamhet. Man skulle därför vara tvungen att röra sig genom gallerian då man tog sig inom bibliotekets sfär.  Det går emot den grundläggande tanken som Valfrid Palmgren hade i början av 1900 talet då grunden till våra folkbibliotek idag lades - Biblioteket ska stå fri från komersiella påtryckningar och tankar, då som nu. Jag föreslår en alternativ plats för Kungsholmens bibliotek i direkt kontakt med ett nytt offentligt torg. Platsen är nuvarande Brandstationen vid Hantverkargatan.

I denna studie har nio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts utifrån en kvalitativ studie med yrkesverksamma på kvinnojourer runt om i Sverige. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur yrkesverksamma på kvinnojourer har upplevt det att arbeta på en kvinnojour samt hur deras bemötande och kommunikation gentemot våldsutsatta kvinnor har påverkats under tiden för pandemin. Resultatet har analyserat med hjälp av tidigare forskning, Lipskys teorier om gräsrotsbyråkrati och handlingsutrymme samt utifrån begreppen bemötande och kommunikation. Med en tematisk analys visar resultatet på att de yrkesverksamma på kvinnojourerna har fått göra omprioriteringar i sina arbetsuppgifter i samband med de implementerade restriktioner och rekommendationer på arbetsplatsen som smittspridningen av Covid-19 har medfört.  De har även bidragit till att en del kvinnojourer har fått en hög arbetsbelastning som lett till en sliten personal. Vidare framkommer det i resultatet att opinionsbildning och föreläsningar som är en viktig del i deras arbete, inte har kunnat bedrivas såsom önskat under pandemin. Resultatet visade även på att yrkesverksamma på kvinnojourer inte har sett en ökning av stödsökande kvinnor under Covid-19, vilket de tror sig kommer att se efter pandemins slut. / In this study, nine semi-structured interviews were conducted based on a qualitative study with ten various women’s shelters representatives around Sweden. The aim of the study was to investigate how representatives in women's shelters have experienced working in a women's shelter and how their treatment and communication towards abused women has been affected during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results have been analyzed with the help of previous research, Lipsky's theories of street-level bureaucracy and discretion and the concepts of treatment and communication. Using a thematic analysis, the results show that the representatives at the women's shelters have had to re-prioritize their work tasks because of the implemented restrictions and recommendations in the workplace that the spread of Covid-19 has entailed. They have also contributed to several women's shelters having a high workload, which has led to a worn-down staff. Furthermore, the results show that opinion formation and lectures, which is an important part of their work, have not been able to be conducted as desired during the pandemic. The results also showed that the representatives at the women's shelters have not seen an increase in women seeking support during Covid-19. They do however believe that they will see it when the pandemic has come to an end.

This thesis concerns repeated returns of homeless people to social services. The theoretical part focuses on the description and the problem areas of homeless people, cultural-historical development of homelessness in Czech lands - defines the term of social services and discusses the model of work with the target group in Poland. At the end of the theoretical part a Center for homeless people the Bohuslav Bures social services center (BBSSC) Salvation Army is presented, in this way methods of work with the target group are demonstrated, the way of keeping documentation is described and the analysis of the shelter home relevant to the theme of the work are publicized. The research carried out in the practical part looks for factors which have caused the return of the former users of social services. For the purposes of the work the phenomenon of returning is studied in persons, who in the period of 2007 - April 2012 used a shelter home in BBSSC in Salvation Army, left for commercial housing and after their departure they come back to BBSSC within one year as candidates for a social service. In order to find this information semi- standardized interviews were held and analysis of the data was carried out (a study of documentation of personal files). This work finds out the factors which might have...

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En enkätstudie har genomförts med 47 deltagande ideella kvinnojourer. Respondenterna har fått uppge vad verksamheternas ledningssystem för systematiskt kvalitetsarbete innefattar samt identifiera framgångsfaktorer och utmaningar kopplat till det egna kvalitetsarbetet. Resultatet påvisar att kvinnojourerna i viss utsträckning har ett dokumenterat kvalitetsledningssystem. Vidare framkommer att verksamheterna arbetar med kvalitetsfrågor i praktiken i större utsträckning än vad som finns dokumenterat i kvalitetsledningssystemet. Det framkommer även att respondenterna upplever att styrelsernas engagemang för kvalitetsfrågor är svalt men att anställd personal och ledare för kvinnojourerna är desto mer engagerade och delaktiga i verksamhetens kvalitetsarbete.  Resultaten i denna studie kan vara av intresse för skyddade boenden i Sverige, organisationer som representerar skyddade boenden och myndigheter som arbetar mot våld i nära relation. / A survey has been conducted with 47 representatives from non-governmental women’s shelter. The respondents have shared what their quality management system includes and identified success factors and challenges connected to their quality work. The result show that the women’s shelter has partly documented quality management system. It also shows that the women’s shelter does more quality work in practice than what is documented in the management system. Moreover, the respondent reckons there is a low commitment for the organisation’s quality work among the board members and that work and commitment is driven mainly by employed staff and the business manager of the shelters.  The results presented in this study might be of interest for women´s shelter in Sweden, organisations representing women´s shelter and authorities working against domestic violence. / <p>2021-06-06</p>

This essay portrays the relationship building between social workers and abused women. Intimate partner violence is a social problem worldwide. It appears that the relationship building between social workers and abused women is crucial for how the women receive support. This highlights the need for further research on the relationship between social workers and abused women. The study is qualitative, consisting of eight interviews conducted using a semi-structured method with social workers who work with abused women. The purpose of this essay is to examine the perspective of social workers on building relationships with abused women. The central components that emerged from the results regarding the social workers' relationship-building abilities were empathy, sensitivity, validation of feelings, and knowledge of men's violence against women. An additional conclusion drawn from the results is that establishing relationships based on empowerment can contribute to the women gaining increased self-esteem, which in turn can motivate them to leave abusive situations and become self-sufficient. Through this study, we hope to contribute to further research on the relationship building between abused women and social workers, as well as identify potential challenges in establishing effective relationships.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a recognized and widely discussed social problem  that affects women in a global perspective. One group that is considered to be particularly vulnerable are women who have been subjected to violence and also struggle with addiction. There are relatively few studies that have been conducted in this field, especially on how women's shelters work with these women. This essay aims to increase knowledge about the professional discretion in providing support to women who have been subjected to violence and struggle with addiction within women's shelters. We chose to analyze the data by using Lipsky's theory of Street-Level Bureaucracy, where we focused on the professionals' discretion. The empirical material consisted of semi-structured interviews with eight professionals from various women's shelters. The results show that the professional's discretion is influenced by individual factors in the form of their own attitudes towards the women and their view of the assignment. The results also show that organizational factors such as the board's interests, financial resources and competence, affects the professional's discretion.

Syftet med studien är att utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer undersöka hur socialarbetare på skyddadeboenden med barnperspektiv, via rutiner och arbetssätt, tar hänsyn till medföljande barnssociala uppbrott från skola, familj och vänner. Syftet är även att undersöka om rutinerna ocharbetssätten upplevs vara tillräckliga för att bidra till upprätthållning av kontinuitet i demedföljande barnens vardag. Studien baserades på en kvalitativ metod där sju semistruktureradeintervjuer genomfördes med socialarbetare på skyddade boenden. Empirin haranalyserats utifrån teorier och teoretiska begrepp som Lipskys teori om gräsrotsbyråkrater, Giddens teori om modernitet, självidentitet och ontologisk trygghet samt barndomssociologi.Resultatet visar att socialarbetare försöker upprätthålla de medföljande barnens vardagsrutinergenom att skapa rutiner som inkluderar skola, aktiviteter och samtalsstöd. Det föreliggerdäremot svårigheter att upprätthålla barnens vardagliga rutiner på grund av de skyddadeboendenas säkerhetsaspekter. Socialarbetare har en medvetenhet om att deras arbetssätt medbarn bör utföras med ett barnperspektiv medan deras mål är att familjerna ska flytta till ett nyttsjälvständigt hem för att skapa en ny tillhörighet och vardag. / The aim of this study is to investigate, based on qualitative interviews, how social workers inshelters for victims of domestic violence with a child's perspective via routines and ways ofworking take into account children’s break-up from school, family and friends. The aim of thisstudy is also to investigate whether or not social workers routines and ways of working areperceived to be sufficient to contribute to maintaining continuity in everyday routines of theaccompanying children. The study was based on a qualitative method where sevensemistructured interviews were conducted with social workers in shelters for victims ofdomestic violence. The empirical data has been analyzed based on theories and theoreticalconstructs such as Lipskys theory about street level bureaucrats, Giddens theory aboutmodernity, self-identity and ontological security and also childhood studies. The resultsindicate that social workers try to maintain the children’s everyday routines by creating routinesthat include school, activities and counseling. However there are difficulties to maintain thechildren’s everyday routines because of the safety strategies in the shelters. Social workershave an awareness that their ways of working with children are supposed to be performed byhaving a child’s perspective whereas their achievement is for the families to transfer to a newindependent home to create a new belonging and everyday life.

Le parasitisme est omniprésent dans l’environnement et une attention croissante est récemment apportée sur son impact sur les communautés écologiques. En effet, les parasites peuvent affecter la valeur adaptative des animaux sauvages, en altérant leur physiologie et/ou leur comportement. Ainsi, le rôle des parasites dans le maintien ou l’érosion des différences persistantes comportementales et cognitives entre individus est le sujet de nombreux débats et recherches. La relation entre l’infection parasitaire et le comportement de l’hôte est souvent complexe. Le comportement des individus agit sur leur susceptibilité au parasitisme, mais l’infection parasitaire peut aussi modifier le comportement de l’hôte, favorisant parfois la transmission du parasite. En outre, l’inclusion d’un proxy de santé, tel que la condition corporelle est importante à considérer dans des populations naturellement infectées où la santé des individus peut varier. Dans cette étude, nous avons examiné la relation entre un gradient de densité parasitaire, la personnalité (exploration et témérité), la cognition (apprentissage par stimuli aversifs) et la condition corporelle (Indice K de Fulton) chez les crapets-soleil (Lepomis gibbosus) sauvages, naturellement infectés par des endoparasites, comme le trématode responsable de la maladie du point noir (Trematoda : Apophallus sp. et Uvulifer sp.) et le ver solitaire de l’achigan (Cestoda : Proteocephallus ambloplites). Nous avons trouvé que l’exploration, mais pas la témérité, était répétable ce qui suggère que ce trait reflète la personnalité. De plus, l’exploration a diminué avec l’augmentation de la densité de parasites et la diminution de la condition corporelle de l’hôte. Ainsi, étant donné que la relation entre le comportement explorateur et la densité de parasites variait avec la condition corporelle, il est possible que les parasites aient un effet indirect sur le comportement de l’hôte en impactant sa physiologie. L’exploration variait également selon la densité de points noirs et la densité de cestodes, suggérant un potentiel conflit entre ces deux parasites, leurs hôtes finaux étant différents. Les individus avec plus de cestodes ont moins bien exécuté la tâche d’apprentissage, ce qui laisse à penser que ces parasites imposeraient un coût énergétique qui réduit les performances cognitives de l’hôte. Nos résultats contribuent à démontrer que les parasites et la condition corporelle de l’hôte doivent être pris en considération dans les études écologiques, comportementales ou physiologiques afin de mieux comprendre le maintien des variations inter-individuelles au sein des populations sauvages. / Parasites are ubiquitous in nature and increasing attention is given to their impact on ecological communities. Indeed, parasites can affect host fitness through changes in physiology and/or behaviour. Thus, their role in maintaining or eroding persistent inter-individual differences in behaviour (i.e. personality) and cognitive abilities in hosts is the subject of increasing study and debate. The relationship between parasite infection and host behaviour can sometimes be complex. For instance, personality traits may affect an individuals’ susceptibility to parasites. Conversely, parasite infection can itself modify host behaviour, sometimes favouring the parasite’s own transmission. In addition, including a general fitness proxy, such as body condition, is important when studying naturally infected populations, where individual health can vary greatly among individuals. Here, we examine the relationships among host body condition (Fulton’s K index), personality (i.e. exploration, boldness), cognition (aversive learning) and parasite density in wild pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus), naturally infected with endoparasites, including trematodes causing blackspot disease (Trematoda: Apophallus sp. and Uvulifer sp.) and bass tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephallus ambloplites). We found that exploration but not boldness was repeatable, which suggests that this trait reflects personality. Host exploration decreased with both increasing parasite density and decreasing host body condition. Because the relationship between exploration and parasite density varied with body condition, this suggests a possible indirect effect of parasites on host behaviour through effects on host physiology. Exploration varied depending on blackspot and bass tapeworm density suggesting a possible conflict between these two parasites, as their final hosts are different. Inhibitory avoidance learning decreased with increasing cestode density, suggesting that these parasites could impose an energetic cost which decreases host cognitive performances. Our results provide more evidence that including host body condition and parasite density in ecological, behavioural or physiological studies can help better understand the persistence of inter-individual differences in wild populations.

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