This thesis will explore and compare two artists who at first meeting seem to have very littlein common more than being two modernist artists. The Swedish artist Nils Dardel and theMexican artist Frida Kahlo, even though the obvious differences — sex and nationality —came to have quite similar fates. Both artists were bisexual, came across death at an early age and as a consequencewould die rather young too, and in life would both struggle with pain and anxiety. The twoartist never met in life even though their similarities, and still after life their fates wouldcontinue on a similar path as they both after death would receive greater recognition. Nils Dardels and Frida Kahlos art is filled with emotions and portray themes that stilltouches people who comes across them today. What is it in their art that touches so manypeople, and do they have similar themes just as the similar aspects in their lives. These themes and two artists will be studied and analysed in this thesis. This thesispresents biographical background and will through a semiotic and comparative methodanalysis a total of six artworks made by the artists. This thesis by these methods will alsoexamine the two artists later receptions and try to explain how they came to be.

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / This thesis embarked with the problem within the liturgy that tension exists in trying to minister justly according to the current context and trying to minister faithful to Scripture. A departing perspective is that the liturgy is the heartbeat in the congregation whereto and from where every aspect is networking. Also, that the emphasis can be on both proclaiming and celebrating in Protestant liturgies. Dialogical communication was chosen as theoretical approach together with communicative action for the sake of the gospel of Jesus Christ. The first and last chapters illustrate what is meant with the term liturgy. The problem is stated (and investigated) that liturgy is a complicated and central phenomenon, which ought to let Reformed theology as well as a postmodern context come to their own. It is also indicated that liturgical spirituality, liturgical communication and liturgical pastorate can better be used and improved during Sunday liturgies. For the liturgy in order to serve the Reformed tradition and the postmodern context, and to uplift the three liturgical aspects of spirituality, communication and pastorate, liturgical symbols and rituals are posed as timeless agents to better the liturgy. Attention was also given to symbolism in Scripture. This led to a model of application as a theory of praxis for the liturgical use of symbols and rituals. The core of this model or theory of praxis, is: I. The highest priority in liturgical symbolism will always be to promote the holy Trinity and Biblical principles. II. The supplementary use of right-brain components, such as experience, emotion and music. III. A high premium on active participation and repetition. IV. An approach of simplicity and soberness. V. Relevance to the culture and context of the day. VI. Services that take hold of total persons and focus on multiple senses and corporeality (bodily involvement). i VII. Room for transendence, imagination and mystic worship of God. VIII. Actions and services that embrace diversity, pluralism and generative variety. IX. Meetings where pastoral and therapeutic dimensions are included. X. Celebration and positive experiences in meetings. XI. The use of images, stories, metaphors and icons. XII. The use of meta-communicative principles such as attitude, intention and high validation of other people. / Hierdie proefskrif het vertrek met die probleem vanuit die liturgie dat daar binne die huidige konteks en die deurlopende poging tot getrouheid aan die Skrif toenemend spanning groei in die eredienspraktyk. Die proefskrif vertrek ook vanuit die perspektief dat die liturgie die hartklop en voedingsaar van die gemeente is van waaruit en waarheen die totale gemeente netwerk en dat die verkondigingsbenadering en die vierings-benadering altwee 'n legitieme plek in die Protestantse liturgiese tradisie het. As teoretiese vertrekpunt vir die liturgiese handelinge word dialogiese kommunikasie gekies saam met kommunikatiewe handelinge ter wille van die evangelie van Jesus Christus. In die eerste en laaste hoofstukke word verduidelik wat met die begrip liturgie bedoel word. Die probleem word gestel dat die liturgie 'n komplekse handeling en kardinale fenomeen is wat reg moet laat geskied aan die Gereformeerde teologie en aan 'n postmoderne konteks. Verder word uitgewys dat liturgiese spiritualiteit, liturgiese kommunikasie en liturgiese pastoraat in ons huidige tydgleuf meer benut en uitgebou kan word tydens die weeklikse liturgiee. Ten einde die liturgie in haar Gereformeerde tradisie en postmoderne konteks te dien en om die drie liturgiese fasette van spiritualiteit, kommunikasie en pastoraat te bevorder, word liturgiese simbole en rituele aangebied as tydlose en tydige agente om die liturgie mee te verryk. Om die ondersoeke af te rond, is daar ook aan simboliek in die Bybel aandag gegee. 'n Werkswyse is gevolg waar die Gereformeerde teologie en postmoderniteit ontleed is en in verband gebring is met simbole en rituele. Liturgiese spiritualiteit, liturgiese kommunikasie en liturgiese pastoraat is ook gedissekteer, ten einde dit beter te begryp, en in verband te bring met liturgiese simbole en rituele. Daarna het simboliek aan die beurt gekom en is simbole en rituele gedefinieer, ontleed en na aard, wese en toepassing bestudeer. Simboliek in die Bybel is afgetas om gewig te verleen aan die ondersoeke. Uit al die genoemde ontledings en bevindings wys die proefskrif uit dat simbole en rituele inderdaad uitnemend geskik is om die liturgie eer aan te doen in die eiesoortige soeke na voortreflike vlakke van spiritualiteit, kommunikasie en pastoraat binne Gereformeerde en postmoderne kontekste. Hieruit is 'n toepassingsmodel as omvattende praktykteorie aangebied vir die liturgiese gebruik van simbole en rituele as die bydrae van hierdie proefskrif. (5.4 en 5.5). Die kern van die model of praktykteorie vir die liturgiese toepassing van simboliek is: I. Dat die hoogste doelstelling en swaarwigtigste vergestalting met simboliek in die erediens altyd God Drie-Enig en Bybelse waardes en beginsels is. II. Dat aanvullende gebruikmaking en verrekening van regterbreinkomponente soos ervaring, emosie en musiek noodsaaklik is. Ill. 'n Doelbewuste hoe premie op handelende deelname en herhaling. IV. 'n Benadering van eenvoud en soberheid. V. Handelinge en momente wat spreek tot die kultuur en konteks van die dag. VI. Erediensmomente wat die totale mens betrek en infokus op veelsintuiglikheid en liggaamlikheid. VII. Ruimte vir transendensie, verbeelding en mistiek om God te aanbid. VIII. Handelinge wat diversiteit, pluralisme en generatiewe verskeidenheid omhels en vier. IX. Byeenkomste wat pastorale en terapeutiese roepings insluit. X. Samekomste waar feestelikheid en aangename ervarings beleef word. XI. Kommunikeerders wat beelde, verhale, metafore en ikone gebruik. XII. Handelinge waar ag geslaan word op metakommunikatiewe beginsels soos gesindheid, intensie en hoe waardetoekennings aan die ander persoon. / Practial Theology / D. Th. (Practical Theology)

This thesis deal with suggestion of program, which channelize technologist-planner whole tasks which are unit with projection. Deal with capacitive calculation methods and technology projection methods. This methods were implementing in program Excel and AutoCAD. It was reaching configurational guide in html format, which unit whole section of program.

Den här studien syftar till att söka förståelse för tatuerade personers individuella uppfattningar kring betydelsen av deras tatueringar, samt kring tatueringar på en generell nivå. Vidare har vi haft för avsikt att undersöka hur tatuerade personer upplever omgivningens uppfattningar och bemötande utifrån tatueringarna. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats med främst ett induktivt förhållningssätt, vilket emellertid även innefattar vissa deduktiva inslag. Vidare intar studien idealism och konstruktivism som ontologiska ståndpunkter med en hermeneutisk och interpretativistisk epistemologi. Insamlandet av empiriskt material har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer.   Resultat i studien visar att tatueringar utgör en betydande komponent i en individs identitetsskapande vilket samverkar med individens omgivning. Resultatet visar även att tatueringarna och dess symbolik kopplas till individens relation till omgivningen och dess roll som samhällsvarelse i vilken samhälleliga normer och uppfattningar tillägnas och tolkas. Slutligen visar resultatet att tatueringar och tatuerande som aktivitet kan återspegla det samtida samhället och dess utmärkande drag. / The aim of this study is to seek an understanding of the individual perceptions of tattooed persons about the significance of their tattoos, as well as of tattoos on a general level. Furthermore, we intended to investigate how tattooed people perceive the surroundings' perceptions and attitudes based on the tattoos. The study has a qualitative approach with mainly an inductive approach, which, however, also includes some deductive elements. Furthermore, the study adopts idealism and constructivism as ontological positions with a hermeneutic and interpretivist epistemology. The collection of empirical material has been done through semi-structured interviews. Results in the study show that tattoos are a significant component of an individual's creation of identity which interacts with the individual's surroundings. The result also shows that the tattoos and their symbolism are linked to the individual's relationship to the environment and its role as a social being in which societal norms and perceptions are assigned and interpreted. Finally, the results show that tattoos and tattoos as an activity can reflect the contemporary society and its distinctive features.

Die gängige Methodik zum Konzipieren automatisierter Montagesysteme umfasst die Planung der Montage und die physische Entwicklung der technischen Gesamtlösung. Zur Abbildung der konkreten Aufgabe werden standardisierte Symbole in einem Ablaufplan miteinander verknüpft. Die Hauptaufgabe des Konstrukteurs ist die Auswahl und die Zusammenstellung einer optimalen Konfiguration der Funktionsträger sowie deren Implementierung in einer Gesamtlösung unter Berücksichtigung der vorgegebenen Randbedingungen. Das Problem ist der fehlende Informationsgehalt der bisher eingesetzten Handhabungssymbole und Symbole zur Ermittlung der Funktionsträger zur Beschreibung der Montage- und Handhabungsplanung sowie die fehlende Vorgehensweise zur Auswahl der Funktionsträger aus den verschiedenen Varianten nach minimaler Taktzeit und Gesamtanschaffungskosten. Zur Realisierung eines effizienten Montageplanungssystems leitet sich daher die Zielstellung ab, den Informationsgehalt der standardisierten Symbole zu erweitern und mit logischen Schnittstellen für eine automatisierte Verknüpfung in der Funktionsfolge auszustatten. Diese neuen Symbole beinhalten die Definition der Funktionen sowie alle Randbedingungen und Parameter zur eindeutigen Beschreibung der Handhabungsaufgabe. Mithilfe dieser Parameter werden Anforderungslisten erstellt und nach passenden Anlagenkomponenten gesucht. Zur Auswahl der optimalen Komponenten des Montagesystems wird das lineare Optimierungsproblem hinsichtlich der Kombination aus Taktzeit und Gesamtanschaffungskosten gelöst. / The common methodology for designing automated assembly systems involves the assembly planning and the physical development of overall technical solution. To illustrate the concrete task, standardized symbols are connected together in a flowchart. The designer's main task is the selection and the composition of an optimal configuration of the functional carriers as well as their implementation in an overall solution in consideration of the predetermined boundary conditions. One problem is the lack of information content of the previously used handling symbols and the symbols for determining the functional carriers, which describe the assembly and handling planning. The other is the insufficient methods for selecting the functional carriers from the different variants based on minimum cycle time and total acquisition cost. In order to realize an efficient assembly planning system, the objective is therefore to expand the information content of the standardized symbols and equip them with logical interfaces for automated connection in the functional sequence. These new symbols contain the definition of the functions as well as all boundary conditions and parameters for the unambiguous description of the handling task. These parameters are utilised to create requirement lists and search for suitable plant components. In order to select the optimal components of the assembly system, the linear optimization problem regarding the combination of cycle time and total acquisition costs is solved.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utifrån intern strategi och anställdas uppfattning undersöka hur ett varuhus ​inom High-End-segmentet arbetar med att differentiera sitt fysiska erbjudande. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att undersöka huruvida detta skulle kunna vara ett sätt att bemöta den ökade konkurrensen från E-handeln.  De teorier som har legat till grund för studiens analysmodell är teorin om The Five Products Levels samt immateriella värdens kompletterande effekten på differentieringen av ett erbjudande.  Studien baseras på primär- och sekundärdata av Nordiska Kompaniet (NK). Kvalitativ primärdata erhölls från semistrukturerade intervjuer med personer i strategisk position på NK och anställda i varuhuset. Respondenterna valdes utifrån ett strategiskt urval. Sekundärdata från externa källor användes som komplement.  ​Studien visar att NK har möjlighet att konkurrera med E-handeln med ett fysisk erbjudande, genom en unik upplevelse som sträcker sig utanför köpögonblicket. NK kan konkurrera genom att positionera sig inom områden som E-handeln behärskar sämre. Områden som E-handeln i dagsläget ej anses behärska på grund av dess svårigheter att bygga starka kundrelationer samt endast digital närvaro där fysiska upplevelser går förlorade. / The purpose of the thesis is to, based on internal strategy and the employees' perception, investigate how a department store within the High-End segment works to differentiate its physical offering. Furthermore, the thesis aims to investigate whether this could be a response to the increased competition from E-commerce.  The theories that have formed the basis of the study's model of analysis are the theory of The Five Products Levels and the complementary effect of intangible values on the differentiation of an offer.  The study is based on primary and secondary data of Nordiska Kompaniet (NK). Qualitative primary data was obtained from semi-structured interviews with people in strategic positions at NK and department store staff. The respondents were selected based on a strategic selection. Secondary data from external sources were used as a complement.  The study shows that NK has the opportunity to compete with E-commerce with a physical offer, through a unique experience that extends beyond the moment of purchase. NK can compete by positioning itself in areas that E-commerce masters less. Areas that E-commerce currently does not master due to its difficulties in building strong customer relationships and only digital presence where physical experiences are lost.

Sedan långt tillbaka i tiden har sexualisering använts inom marknadsföring som ett strategiskt verktyg för att öka och bibehålla konsumenters uppmärksamhet. Numera har digitaliseringen av marknadskommunikation lett till att konkurrensen om konsumenters uppmärksamhet är hårdare än någonsin. Kvinnor sexualiseras i högre grad än män och denna sexualisering har både ökat och tagit sig an nya former. Samtidigt som sexualiseringen av kvinnan förekommer befinner sig världen i fjärde vågens feminism vilket sätter press på marknadsföringskulturen. Att sexualiseringen av kvinnan inom marknadskommunikation kan samexistera med en alltmer utsträckt feministisk rörelse utgör ett mysterium vilket väckte vårt intresse att utföra denna studie. Tidigare forskning har haft ett starkt fokus på sexuella symboler som enskilda enheter vilket gör att ett forskningsgap dessutom existerar kring hur dessa symboler samverkar för att formge sexuella budskap. Studiens syfte är att förklara hur sexualiseringen av kvinnor tar form i fotografier publicerade som digital marknadskommunikation på sociala medier, hos modeföretag av typen fast fashion. Frågeställningarna vi ämnar besvara är följande: Hur ser symbolik för sex ut i bilder publicerade på instagram, utifrån innehåll med kvinnliga modeller? På vilka sätt används symboler för sex för att forma sexuella budskap i dessa bilder? Vilka sexuella budskap är det som utformas i dessa bilder? Vi studerar hur sexuella symboler används och kombineras för att identifiera vilka sexuella budskap som förekommer inom digital marknadskommunikation idag. Som grund till studien ligger ett teoretiskt ramverk som använts för att utveckla en analysmodell för sexualisering av kvinnor i bilder. Studien är fokuserad på tre fall vilka utgörs av modeföretag av typen fast fashion. Datainsamling av bilder har gjorts från respektive företags instagramkonto och bilderna har sedan analyserats genom semiotisk bildanalys utifrån den analysmodell vi själva tagit fram. Resultatet visar på fyra olika sexuella budskap som förekommer inom digital marknadskommunikation och hur symboler för sex används för att formge dessa. Resultatet påvisar att en isolerad symbol inte gör en bild sexuell, utan att de måste kombineras för att de sexuella budskapen ska uppstå. De sexuella budskap som identifierats är känslan att vara på plats med modellen, utrymme för fantasi, sexuell makt och sexigt utseende. Studiens resultat bekräftar tidigare forskning kring vilka symboler för sex som förekommer inom marknadskommunikation. Resultatet utvecklar även tidigare forskning och bidrar med ny teoribildning genom att identifiera hur dessa symboler används för att skapa sexuella budskap och vilka budskap som förekommer. Resultatet tyder också på är att sexualiseringen inom marknadskommunikation idag sker på ett subtilt sätt. Studien är begränsad till segmentet fast fashion, vidare forskning föreslås därför undersöka sexuell symbolik i andra segment av modebranschen. Studien är också begränsad till samtiden, vidare forskning föreslås som jämför sexuella budskap idag med hur dem formgetts historiskt. / Sexualized messages have since long ago been used as a strategic tool to create and maintain the attention of consumers. The digitalization of marketing communication has led to an especially increased competition for consumers' attention. Women are being sexualized more than men and this sexualization has both increased and taken on new forms. While this sexualization of women are carried through, the world is experiencing a fourth wave of feminism which is putting pressure on the marketing culture. That these two phenomena can coexist creates a mystery which awakened our interest to execute this study. Previous research has had a strong focus on solely symbols for sex, which means that there also exists a research gap how these symbols are being used to create sexual messages.The purpose of this study is to explain how the sexualization of women takes form in photographs published as digital marketing communication on social media, by fast fashion companies. The questions we intend to answer are: based on content with female models, what symbols for sex are used in pictures published on Instagram? In which ways are symbols for sex being used to create sexual messages in these pictures? What sexual messages are being created? The thesis is written in Swedish. We study how symbols for sex are being used and combined to identify what kind of sexual messages that exist in digital marketing communication today. A theoretical framework lays ground for the study and an analysis model for sexualization of women in pictures has been developed based on this framework. The study is focused on three cases in the form of fast fashion companies. Data collection was carried out through the collection of pictures from the company’s instagram accounts, and the data were analyzed through a semiotic picture analysis with help of the analysis model. The result of the study identifies four different sexual messages that exists in digital marketing communication and shows how symbols for sex are being used to create these. The results also shows that a symbol alone does not make a picture sexual, but that they need to be combined for sexual messages to be created. The sexual messages which were identified are the following: the feeling to be beside the model, room for sexual fantasies, sexual power and sexy appearances. The result of the study confirms previous research on what symbols for sex that are being used in marketing communication. Our results also expand previous research and contributes with new theories. This through the identification of how symbols for sex are being used to create sexual messages and what these messages are. The results also indicate that the sexualization of women nowadays is carried out in a discrete way. This study is limited to the fast fashion segment. Future research could examine if the sexualization of women takes different forms in other segments. This study is also limited to current day. Future research could therefore compare contemporary sexualization of women with historical such.

This diploma thesis deals with the penetration of discourse of Communist power into the society through content of (women's) magazine Žena a móda within 50s and 60s. The aim of this thesis is to point out that the elements of communist ideology appeared also in media such as fashion magazine. First chapters of this thesis deal with socialism and its ideological propaganda and represent the importance of ideological symbols, propaganda and manipulation through the media. In connection with this the thesis represents also the political-economic situation in the textile and clothing industry and also uses the facts about the media control by the communist regime. On this basis the thesis presents an analysis of 240 issues of the Žena a móda magazine and focuses on selected ideological symbols such as socialist fashion, working clothes, relationship between the East and the West, ideological leaders and personalities, the Soviet Union as ideal, conceptualization of the "Great History" and the image of socialistic woman. The method of discourse analysis thus allowed to introduce the symbols in different historical and social contexts and also to point to their changes in time, specifically in the context of comparing their likeness in the 50s and 60s of 20th century. The content of Žena a móda magazine...

This Master Thesis "The animals in the cathedral. Architectural sculpture of animals and fantastical creatures by parlerian lodge in the St. Vitus Cathedral, their symbols and iconography" looks into the architectural sculpture of animal's motifs and motifs of fantastical Creatures. The goal of this work is to summarize recent aspects of research about this theme, explain in more detail individually motifs of animal's and their Iconography and their meaning for Cathedral of St. Vitus. Also this thesis want to explain how could this special animal's motifs fit into the places, where are they have been situated. Their Iconography is taken with larger perspective, by literature's reception from antique over czech medieval age. Concerning animals and fantastic Creatures in the southern vestibule - pelican and phoenix; an owl in the Crown Chamber; gryphon and fight between cat and dog in the inner triforium; an eagle, an unicorn, a horse with bird's legs, a phoenix, a pelican, a stag, a lion, a gryphon, a lioness, a bear, a "cat" and three chimera in the outer triforium; a lion, a dog, a dragon and an eagle in buttresses and at least a dragon and a goat on the Big Tower. Keywords Cathedral st. Vitus, animal's motifs, symbols, iconography, architektonical sculpture, sculptures, console, relief, gothic...

<p>We study the expansions of the elements in <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d) and <em>S</em>&#39;(ℝ₊^d) with respect to the Laguerre orthonormal basis. As a consequence, we obtain the Schwartz kernel theorem for <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d) and <em>S</em>&#39;(ℝ₊^d). Also we give the extension theorem of Whitney type for <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d). Next, we consider the G-type spaces i.e. the spaces <em>G</em>_{<em>&alpha;</em>}^{<em>&alpha;</em>}(ℝ₊^d), &alpha;&ge;1&nbsp; and their dual spaces which can be described as analogous to the Gelfand-Shilov spaces and their dual spaces. Actually, we show the exist-ence of the topological isomorphism between the <em>G</em>-type spaces and the subspaces of the Gelfand-Shilov spaces <em>S</em>_&alpha;/2^&alpha;/2(ℝ^d), &alpha;&ge;1&nbsp;consisting of &quot;even&quot; functions. Next, we show that the Fourier Laguerre coecients of the elements in the <em>G</em>-type spaces and their dual spaces characterize these spaces through the exponential and sub-exponentia l growth of the coecients. We provide the full topological description and the kernel theorem is proved. Also two structural theorems for the dual spaces of <em>G</em>-type spaces are obtained. Furthemore, we dene the new class of the Weyl pseudo-dierential operators with radial symbols belonging to the G-type spaces and their dual spaces. The continuity properties of this class of pseudo-dierential operators over the Gelfand-Shilov type spaces and their duals are proved. In this way the class of the Weyl pseudo-dierential operators is extended to the one with the radial symbols with the exponential and sub-exponential growth rate.</p> / <p>Proučavamo razvoje elemenata iz <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d) i <em>S</em>&#39;(ℝ₊^d) preko Lagerove ortonormirane baze. Kao posledicu dobijamo &Scaron;varcovu teoremu o jezgru za preko Lagerove ortonormirane baze. Kao posledicu dobijamo &Scaron;varcovu teoremu o jezgru za <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d) i <em>S</em>&#39;(ℝ₊^d). Takođe, pokazujemo i Teoremu Vitnijevog tipa za <em>S</em>(ℝ₊^d) . Zatim, posmatramo prostore G-tipa i.e. prostore <em>G</em>_&alpha;^&alpha;(ℝ^d), &alpha; &ge; 1 i njihove duale koji su analogni sa Geljfand-&Scaron;ilovim prostorima i njihovim dualima. Zapravo, pokazujemo da postoji topolo&scaron;ki izomorfizam između prostora <em>G</em>-tipa i potprostora Geljfand-&Scaron;ilovih prostora <em>S</em>_&alpha;/2^&alpha;/2(ℝ^d), &alpha; &ge; 1 koji sadrže &quot;parne&quot; funkcije. Dalje, dokazujemo da Furije Lagerovi koeficijenti elemenata iz prostora <em>G</em>-tipa i njihovih duala karakteri&scaron;u ove prostore kroz eksponencijalni i sub-eksponencijalni rast tih koeficijenata. Opisujemo topolo&scaron;ku strukturu ovih prostora i dajemo &Scaron;varcovu teoremu o jezgru. Takođe, dve strukturalne teoreme za duale prostora <em>G</em>-tipa su dobijene. Dalje, defini&scaron;emo novu klasu Vejlovih pseudo-diferencijalnih operatora sa radijalnim simbolima koji se nalaze u prostorima <em>G</em>-tipa i njihovim dualima. Pokazana je neprekidnost ove klase Vejlovih pseudo-diferencijalnih operatora na prostorima Geljfand-&Scaron;ilova i na njihovim dualima. Na ovaj način klasa Vejlovih pseudo-diferencijalnih operatora je pro&scaron;irena na radijalne simbole koji imaju eksponencijalni i sub-eksponencijalni rast.</p>