Le développement d’Internet induit divers changements dans le quotidien, modifications auxquelles n’échappent pas la sphère scolaire et le travail enseignant. À la lumière des sociologies du travail et de l’éducation, cette thèse se propose d’analyser les usages professionnels d’Internet par les enseignants du primaire, en Communauté française de Belgique. En s’appuyant sur une enquête par questionnaire, sur une démarche ethnographique et l’analyse de sites internet et de réseaux socionumériques, l’approche plurielle de cette étude permet d’analyser les usages d’internet de ces professionnels, de cerner la place ainsi occupée à chaque niveau de leur travail, tout en étudiant l’impact de cette utilisation. Cette étude s’attache à l’analyse du travail dans sa globalité et permet de dépasser les formes visibles des usages afin de les cerner dans leur ensemble et toute leur complexité. L’enquête auprès de plus de 200 instituteurs permet de cibler des usages réguliers et prédominants ou, au contraire, délaissés par les enseignants. L’observation du quotidien de ces acteurs, durant trois années scolaires, apporte la contextualisation de certains éléments, parfois en les nuançant à la lumière de la réalité du terrain. Enfin, l’analyse des sites fréquentés et de leurs interactions sur les réseaux socionumériques met en lumière certaines tâches parfois occultées du travail enseignant. / The development of the internet leads to various changes in our everyday life, including in the academic sphere and in the work of teachers. In the light of work and education sociologies, this thesis analyses professional uses of the internet by primary school teachers in the Frenchspeaking Community of Belgium. Based on a questionnaire survey, an ethnographic proccess and the analysis of websites and social networks, the pluralist approach of this study makes it possible to analyse the uses of the internet by these professionals, to understand when and how they use it in their work and to study its impact. This study focuses on the analyses of the work in its globality, going beyond the visible aspects of the uses in order to comprehend them as a whole and in their full complexity. More than 200 teachers were surveyed, which allowed to focus on regular and prevailing uses as well as, on the contrary, neglected ones. The observation of these stakeholders daily work during three school years brings the contextualization of certain elements, sometimes being moderated in the light of the realities on the ground. Finally, the analyses of the used websites and their interactions on social networks highlights some teacher tasks at times concealed.

Syftet med studien var att via en kvantitativ webbenkät i ett bekvämlighetsurval av svenska lärare, undersöka förekomst av elevrelaterat direkt våld och indirekt våld mot lärare samt i vilken utsträckning olika aspekter av skolklimatet som kan förklara lärarens upplevelser av direkt våld och indirekt våld. Urvalet bestod utav 143 svenska grundskolelärare (25 män och 117 kvinnor samt en som ej angav kön) i åldrarna 20-65 (M = 40,44, SD = 11,17). Resultatet visade att åtta av tio lärare hade blivit utsatta för någon typ av elevrelaterat direkt våld vid minst ett tillfälle under det senaste året. Den vanligaste typen av elevrelaterat direkt våld var verbala kränkningar följt av lättare fysiskt våld och hot om våld. Det visade sig också att en stor del av lärarna blivit utsatta för flera typer av elevrelaterat direkt våld under de senaste 12 månaderna, vilket indikerar på en multipel utsatthet. Indirekt våld hade i stort sett samtliga lärare upplevt vid ett flertal tillfällen under det senaste året. Vidare fann studien att kvinnliga lärare uppgav sig vara mer utsatta för både direkt och indirekt våld jämfört med männen. Studien fann även att struktur och engagemang tycks vara de viktigaste dimensionerna av skolklimatet för att förebygga elevrelaterat direkt våld och indirekt våld mot lärare. / The aim of the study was to investigate, through a quantitative web survey in a convenience sample of Swedish teachers, the presence of student-related direct violence and indirect violence against teachers and to what extent different aspects of the school climate that can explain the teacher's experiences of direct violence and indirect violence. The sample consisted of 143 Swedish primary school teachers (25 men and 117 women and one who did not specify the gender) at the ages 20-65 (M = 40.44, SD = 11.17). The result showed that eight out of ten teachers had been exposed to any type of student-related direct violence on at least one occasion in the past year. The most common type of student-related direct violence was verbal abuse followed by easier physical violence and threats of violence. It also turned out that a large number of teachers were exposed to several types of student-related direct violence in the last 12 months, which indicates a multiple victimization. Indirect violence had virtually all teachers experienced on several occasions over the past year. Furthermore, the study found that female teachers stated that they were more victimized by both direct and indirect violence compared to men. The study also found that structure and engagement seem to be the most important dimensions of the school climate to prevent student-related direct violence and indirect violence against teachers.

Inclusive Education has gained significant currency nationally and internationally. It demands that the teacher be able to meet the needs of learners with impairments in ordinary classrooms. The success of inclusive education rests on quality teacher preparation geared towards inclusive education. The focus of this investigation is on preparedness of mainstream primary school teachers in implementing inclusive education policy in the Nongoma circuit. The lack of teachers prepared to provide quality inclusive teaching to learners and the limitations of existing support structures both impact on inclusion. Through a questionnaire an effort was made to ascertain teachers’ preparedness for inclusive education in the Nongoma circuit. This measure was utilized to determine the extent to which teachers are prepared for the implementation of inclusive education in the classroom. It was also used to describe the nature of training provided by District Based Support Team in an advancement of inclusive education practices in the classroom. The researcher also identified enabling strategies required for teachers in an inclusive classroom environment. Finally, recommendations on strategies for the successful implementation of inclusive education in the classroom were made. The data was collected through a questionnaire. The researcher selected three wards Nongoma circuit as research sites with all teachers in the selected schools participating. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive education)

This master thesis aims to introduce and describe effective strategies and teaching methods that teachers of gifted pupils with ADHD use and during which the different educational needs of these learners are taken into consideration. This thesis also presents how faculty primary school teachers apply these strategies and teaching methods in integrated and segregated forms of education focused on gifted pupils with ADHD. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes findings about the issues of differentiation, individualization, talent and teaching strategies of gifted pupils. It also deals with a specific group of gifted pupils with ADHD which are classified as twice-exceptional learners. Therefore, there are also described the recommended strategies for the education of pupils with ADHD. Based on the study of Czech and foreign literature, this thesis delimits strategies and teaching methods which are suitable for gifted pupils with ADHD. The practical part of the thesis is a qualitative research done by analysing the observed lessons in classes with gifted pupils with ADHD, and subsequent in-depth interviews with the teachers of these pupils who teach in an integrated and segregated forms of teaching. This thesis tries to find out what strategies and teaching methods these teachers choose during...

The thesis deals with the personality of a primary school teacher for which teaching is a second career. The theoretical part is focused on general demands placed on teacher's personality, defines the term 'second career teacher', describes professional development of a teacher, gives potential motivators influencing the choice to become a teacher and also briefly introduces the system of professional training of primary school teachers in Czech Republic and some other European countries. The aim of qualitative survey performed by deep semi- structured discussions with 5 teachers about their live stories was to answer the research question: "What is the second career teacher like?" By means of partial questions the survey has uncovered the reasons that brought those teachers to career change, which benefits and difficulties following their decision they perceived, which gains from previous profession they can use in their new teaching career. Finally, the thesis brings the point of view of the respondents on their studies at pedagogical faculty. The analysis of the data enabled to investigate the decision-making process about changing the career from non-teaching to teaching one and identify the key moments which can influence the decision. It was found that internal and external motivators play a...

In its theoretical part, the thesis "Sibling rivalry as reflected in primary school success" provils a description of the primary school pupil and definitions of sibling rivalry and scholastic success. Further attention in giwen to parenting practices which foster sibling rivalry. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is to decode the tokens of sibling rivalry and to covvelate it with scholastic success in the kontext of parent - pupiů - teacher relationships. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed and thein results compared. The results of this thesis can serve as the basis for further research and be used by parents to better understand thein children's interactions.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur F-3 lärare beskriver att de arbetar för att utveckla de matematiska förmågorna hos elever. Detta tog vi oss an genom att besvara följande forskningsfrågor: Hur beskriver lärare i F-3 att de arbetar för att ge elever möjlighet att utveckla de fem matematiska förmågorna? och Vilka utmaningar beskriver lärarna att de upplever i att ge eleverna möjlighet att utveckla de fem matematiska förmågorna? Vi har intervjuat åtta lärare från olika skolor, kommuner och årskurser för att besvara studiens forskningsfråga. Vi använde oss av en kvalitativ ansats med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Vi har valt att använda oss av de matematiska förmågorna som teoretiskt ramverk för att analysera studiens resultat. Resultatet visar att flera lärare beskriver att de fokuserar på arbete i läroboken för att utveckla de fem matematiska förmågorna. Resultatet visade också att lärarna upplever att det inte finns tillräckligt med förutsättningar och tid för att arbeta med alla förmågor. Det finns ambitioner hos lärare att nå alla elever för att utveckla förmågorna, däremot finns det utmaningar som gör det svårt och därför förblir det ibland ett önskemål. / The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge of how primary school teachers work to develop pupils’ five mathematical competencies. We addressed the purpose by answering the following research questions: How do primary school teachers describe that they teach to give pupils the opportunity to develop the five mathematical competencies? and What challenges do primary school teachers describe that they experience in giving the pupils opportunities to develop the five mathematical competencies? We have interviewed eight teachers from different schools, municipalities and grades to answer our research question. We used a qualitative approach with semi structured interviews. We have chosen to use the mathematical competencies as a theoretical framework to analyze the results of the study. The result shows that many of the teachers describe that they focus on working in the mathematics textbook to develop pupils’ five mathematical competencies. The result also showed that the teachers experience that there are no prerequisites nor enough time to be able to work with all the competencies. There are ambitions among the teachers to reach all pupils to develop their competencies, however, there are challenges that makes it hard and so their ambitions sometimes remain as a wish.

The thesis on "Critical places at the first stage of primary school in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method" focuses on the problematic places of the Hejný method, which make it difficult for teachers and especially their pupils at the first stage of primary schools. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the constructivist and transient educational style teaching of mathematics using the Hejný method are characterized. The critical points in mathematics identified in the project of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic are also introduced and conceived into a unified structure. The theoretical part also includes an analysis of pupil solutions to mathematical tasks from the 2015 TIMSS international survey. The empirical part deals with the experience and view of primary school teachers in teaching mathematics by the Hejný method. The first research survey finds from future primary school teachers their experience and opinions on this method. The second research survey focuses on the identification of problematic places and roles in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method from the point of view of teachers who teach mathematics using the Hejný method at the first stage of primary schools. The questionnaire survey was carried out using the questionnaire method, which identifies...

Denna studies syfte är att ge djupgående kunskap om en lågstadieläraresuppfattningar om och användning av kunskapsreproducerande och kunskapsutforskande samtal i svenskundervisning. Studien har en teoretisk utgångspunkt i fenomenologi och är utformad som en fallstudie med tre klassrumsobservationer i årskurs 1 och en uppföljande intervju med klassläraren. Den insamlade datan har analyserats med en innehållsanalys som sorterat materialet i kategorier och underkategorier. Resultatet är att läraren inte benämner begreppen som kunskapsreproducerande och kunskapsutforskande samtal men använder och anpassar samtalen till sin undervisning efter hur gruppdynamiken i klassen fungerar. Vidare framkommer att det kollegiala samarbetet är viktigt för planeringen av klassrumssamtalen. När läraren reflekterade över de observerade lektionerna framkom det att hon var nöjd med att blanda samtalstyperna med såväl slutna som öppna frågor och att hon kunde styra lektionerna med valet av samtal. Hon hade planerat lektionerna så att eleverna skulle ta det största talutrymmet, vilket observationerna visade stämde.

Cette recherche vise à analyser et à comprendre le rapport qu’entretient le professeur des écoles en formation initiale avec son futur métier. En prenant appui sur la théorie structurale des représentations sociales l’objectif principal de cette recherche consiste à étudier des populations d’étudiants inscrits en 1ère année de Master MEEF (début de la formation initiale) d’une part et en 2ème année (fin de la formation initiale) d’autre part quant à leurs représentations sociales du métier auquel ils se destinent. Il convient de penser que les connaissances produites par l’analyse de ces représentations et de leur évolution au cours de la formation initiale peuvent permettre de comprendre les fondements des systèmes de pensée et d’action des professeurs des écoles qui entrent dans le métier. Cette recherche prend appui sur une pluri-méthodologie qui fait appel à deux principaux outils de recueil de données : l’entretien et le questionnaire. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu’il existe bien une représentation sociale de l’objet « métier de professeur des écoles » chez les étudiants en début de formation initiale d’une part et chez les étudiants en fin de parcours d’autre part. Ces RS font apparaître, entre les deux populations concernées, des points communs et des différences quant à leurs contenus et leurs structures. La mise en évidence d’un véritable processus de transformation de la représentation sociale du métier au cours de la formation initiale chez les sujets tend à affirmer l’existence d’une évolution de la conception du métier en termes de professionnalisation. / This study aims at analysing and understanding the relationship which the primary school teacher in initial formation, maintains with their future job. Taking support on the structural theory of the social representations, the main objective of this study consists in studying groups of students registered in 1st year of a MEEF Master’s degree (at the beginning of their initial formation) on one hand, and in 2nd year (at the end of their initial formation) on the other hand, as for their social representations of the job for which they intend themselves. It is advisable to think that the knowledge produced by the analysis of these representations and their evolution during the initial formation can allow to understand the foundations of the systems of thought and action of primary school teachers who enter the job.This study relies on a multi-methodology which exploits two main tools of data collection : the interview and the questionnaire. The results show there certainly is a social representation of the object “primary school teacher job” for students at the beginning of their initial formation on one hand and for students at the end of the formation on the other hand. These social representations show, for the two study groups, common points and differences as for their contents and their structures. The highlighting of a real transformation process of the social representation of the job during the initial formation, for the study population, tends to assert the existence of an evolution of the conception of the job in terms of professionalization.