<p>Abstract</p><p>This essay is an investigation where I try to gain an increased knowledge of the three assistants’ (in the mentally disability profession) opinion about their education and their first years in their profession. I have also tried to answer the questions whether the course mentally disability/functional gives the students a good start in their profession, if there are any flaws or if something is missing in the course or if they can think of any improvements to make the course better.</p><p>This investigation is performed as a qualitative interview study where three women were interviewed about their education and their first years as assistants’ (in the mentally disability profession). All the interviewed women have been working in the care activity for two or three years since they graduated. The investigation shows that there is a great need for practical training for students on the mentally disability/functional disability course, since it leads to a better start in their profession. Since working as a assistant in the mentally disability is a profession which could be difficult to get accustomed to, the instructor plays an important role since the student really needs to learn how to take responsibility and participate as much as possible in the daily work which concerns mentally disabled people during their practical training.</p><p>Keyword: Vocational training, socialization* transition* that’s combine with care assistant, care nurse, practical nurse, secondary nurse, mental health and nurse assistant.</p> / <p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Denna uppsats är en undersökning där jag vill få en ökad förståelse kring tre omsorgsassistenters uppfattningar om utbildningen på omvårdnadsprogrammet och deras första tid i yrket. Jag har även försökt besvara frågorna om kursen utvecklingsstörning/funktionshinder ger studenterna en god start i yrket, om det finns några brister eller om något saknas samt om studenterna kan ge förslag på förbättringar som kan göra kursen bättre.</p><p>Denna undersökning är utförd som en kvalitativ intervjustudie där tre kvinnor intervjuas kring utbildningen och vidare ut i yrkeslivet. Samtliga av de intervjuade kvinnorna har arbetat i omsorgsverksamheten under två till tre år sedan slutförd utbildning. Undersökningen visar att det finns ett stort behov av praktik för studenter som väljer kursen med inriktningen utvecklingsstörning/funktionshinder, eftersom det leder till en god start i yrket. Då yrket som omsorgsassistent kan vara svårt att komma in i så har även handledaren en viktig roll, studenten behöver verkligen få lära sig att ta ansvar och delta så mycket som möjligt i det dagliga arbetet med utvecklingsstörda under sin praktik.</p><p>Nyckelord: Yrkesutbildning, socialization* transition* vilket kombinerats med care assistant, care nurse, practical nurse, secondary nurse, mental health och nurse assistant.</p>

Abstract This essay is an investigation where I try to gain an increased knowledge of the three assistants’ (in the mentally disability profession) opinion about their education and their first years in their profession. I have also tried to answer the questions whether the course mentally disability/functional gives the students a good start in their profession, if there are any flaws or if something is missing in the course or if they can think of any improvements to make the course better. This investigation is performed as a qualitative interview study where three women were interviewed about their education and their first years as assistants’ (in the mentally disability profession). All the interviewed women have been working in the care activity for two or three years since they graduated. The investigation shows that there is a great need for practical training for students on the mentally disability/functional disability course, since it leads to a better start in their profession. Since working as a assistant in the mentally disability is a profession which could be difficult to get accustomed to, the instructor plays an important role since the student really needs to learn how to take responsibility and participate as much as possible in the daily work which concerns mentally disabled people during their practical training. Keyword: Vocational training, socialization* transition* that’s combine with care assistant, care nurse, practical nurse, secondary nurse, mental health and nurse assistant. / Sammanfattning Denna uppsats är en undersökning där jag vill få en ökad förståelse kring tre omsorgsassistenters uppfattningar om utbildningen på omvårdnadsprogrammet och deras första tid i yrket. Jag har även försökt besvara frågorna om kursen utvecklingsstörning/funktionshinder ger studenterna en god start i yrket, om det finns några brister eller om något saknas samt om studenterna kan ge förslag på förbättringar som kan göra kursen bättre. Denna undersökning är utförd som en kvalitativ intervjustudie där tre kvinnor intervjuas kring utbildningen och vidare ut i yrkeslivet. Samtliga av de intervjuade kvinnorna har arbetat i omsorgsverksamheten under två till tre år sedan slutförd utbildning. Undersökningen visar att det finns ett stort behov av praktik för studenter som väljer kursen med inriktningen utvecklingsstörning/funktionshinder, eftersom det leder till en god start i yrket. Då yrket som omsorgsassistent kan vara svårt att komma in i så har även handledaren en viktig roll, studenten behöver verkligen få lära sig att ta ansvar och delta så mycket som möjligt i det dagliga arbetet med utvecklingsstörda under sin praktik. Nyckelord: Yrkesutbildning, socialization* transition* vilket kombinerats med care assistant, care nurse, practical nurse, secondary nurse, mental health och nurse assistant.

Die Region Südwestsachsen wird von kleinen und mittleren Industrieunternehmen (Industrie-KMU) geprägt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird gezeigt, dass der wirtschaftliche Erfolg dieser Unternehmen maßgeblich von deren Exportgeschäft abhängt. Eine solche große Bedeutung des Außenhandelsgeschäfts verlangt von den Beschäftigten der Unternehmen spezielle Qualifikationen ab. Diese Dissertationsschrift versucht, diese sog. „internationalen Qualifikationen“ durch die Untersuchung ausgewählter Unternehmen und industrienaher Dachorganisationen und Verbände sowohl zu charakterisieren als auch qualifikatorische Defizite in den Unternehmen aufzuzeigen und mögliche Lösungsstrategien anzuregen.

There has been a paucity of research concerning vocational training of learners with special education needs. The literature study focused on a vocational training and transition planning programme in the United States of America, which could provide as a useful guide to educators and school managers, when implementing vocational training and transitional planning in South Africa. Research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with educators and principals at special schools, observation of learners whilst performing skills training and documentary analysis, to explore whether learners with barriers to learning are receiving skills training that could position them for employment in the open labour market after they exit school. Findings revealed that principals and educators at special schools are faced with challenges in the learner’s microsystem, exosystem and macrosystem, resulting in the inadequate preparation of learners with special education needs for employment in the open labour market. Based on the findings, recommendations in terms of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory were made, to increase the opportunity for learners who experience barriers to learning, to be engaged in meaningful employment. / Education Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

Submitted by Micheli Abreu (mabreu@fiocruz.br) on 2016-02-25T17:18:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Áurea_Santos_EPSJV_Mestrado_2015.pdf: 2238294 bytes, checksum: 5b466a81bce2f3e77d89e8382e2120f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata Azeredo (renataazeredo@fiocruz.br) on 2016-02-29T16:19:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Áurea_Santos_EPSJV_Mestrado_2015.pdf: 2238294 bytes, checksum: 5b466a81bce2f3e77d89e8382e2120f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-29T16:19:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Áurea_Santos_EPSJV_Mestrado_2015.pdf: 2238294 bytes, checksum: 5b466a81bce2f3e77d89e8382e2120f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional em Saúde. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar as percepções dos ACS egressos sobre o Curso Técnico de Agente Comunitário de Saúde realizado pela Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio (EPSJV) no período outubro de 2011 a dezembro de 2012. A relevância do tema deve-se ao fato de os ACS serem trabalhadores fundamentais para a principal estratégia de reorganização da atenção em saúde no Brasil atualmente. O trabalho de campo foi realizado a partir da abordagem qualitativa através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 21 ACS que trabalham nas unidades básicas de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro. A interpretação dos dados foi realizada após a transcrição das entrevistas e a construção de um quadro de análise a partir das percepções dos trabalhadores sobre o curso, o que permitiu destacar os temas: Motivação para tornarem-se ACS; Percepções sobre o trabalho de ACS; Mudanças percebidas após o curso; Possibilidades e dificuldades para o prosseguimento da formação profissional. Os resultados apontaram a representatividade do gênero feminino na categoria profissional associado ao desemprego, a sobrecarga de trabalho dentro das unidades de saúde e a importância da formação técnica do agente comunitário de saúde para o trabalhador e para o trabalho na Atenção Primária em Saúde no Município do Rio de Janeiro. / This research aims to analyze the perceptions of ACS graduates of the Community Health Agent Technical Course held in the Polytechnic School of Health Joaquim Venancio (EPSJV) in the period October 2011 to December 2012. The importance of this issue is due to the That the ACS are key workers for primary health care reorganization strategy in Brazil today. Fieldwork was carried out from a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 21 ACS working in primary healthcare centers in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Data interpretation was conducted after the transcription of the interviews and the construction of an analytical framework from the perceptions of workers on the course, which has highlighted the themes: Motivation to become ACS; Perceptions about the work of ACS; Perceived changes after the course; Possibilities and difficulties for further vocational training. The results indicated the representation of females in the professional category associated with unemployment, work overload in health facilities and the importance of technical training of the community health worker to the worker and to work in primary health care in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

Cette thèse analyse comment la Dictature de Primo de Rivera (1923-1930) a créé un projet de formation professionnel technique-industriel qui a servi à moderniser l’économie du pays, au service d’une conception corporativede l’Etat. Pour la première fois, au travers les Décrets Royaux du Statut d’Enseignement Industriel de 1924 et du Statut de Formation Professionnelle de 1928, le nouveau gouvernement réalisé centralisait tous les canaux de formation industriel du jeune ouvrier et de la classe moyenne au moyen de la création des écoles élémentaires et supérieures du travail. L'État prétendait atteindre deux buts : la modernisation économique du pays et le maintien de la structure sociopolitique traditionnelle au moyen d’un discours et d’une organisation corporative. Au mème temps, cette thèse analyse comme avec l’arrivée de la Seconde République (1931-1936), le projet de Primo de Rivera de l’instruction technique de l’ouvrier n’a pas se développer comme le Statut de Formation Professionnelle l’avait prévu en 1928, car principalement son objectif était de favoriser l’alphabétisation du pays à l’intérieur des valeurs démocratiques et libérales / The present thesis analyzes how the Dictatorship of Primo of Rivera (1923-1930) created a project of industrial vocational training who was serving to modernize the economy of the country, to the service of a corporate conception of the State. For the first time, across the Statute of Industrial Education of 1924 and of the Statute of Vocational Training of 1928 the new government was centralizing all the channels of industrial formation of the working young person and of the middle class across the creation of the elementary and high industrial schools. The aims were: economic modernization of the country and to support the socio-political traditional structure by means of a speech and a corporate organization.At the same time, this thesis analyzes like with the arrival of the Second Republic (1931-1936), the corporate and economic sense of the industrial vocational training of the worker was relegated to a background. As what mainly was claimed it was to favor the literacy of the country inside the democratic and liberal values, the project of the dictatorship of the technical instruction of the worker could not be developped as the Statute of Vocational training had raised in 1928 / La presente tesis analiza como la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera (1923-1930) creó un proyecto de formación profesional técnico-industrial que servía para modernizar la economía del país, al servicio de una concepción corporativa del Estado. Por primera vez, a través del Estatuto de Enseñanza Industrial de 1924 y del Estatuto de Formación Profesional de 1928 el nuevo gobierno centralizaba todos los canales de formación industrial del joven obrero y de la clase media a través de la creación de las escuelas elementales y superiores de trabajo. El objetivo era alcanzar dos fines: la modernización económica del país y mantener la estructura socio-política tradicional mediante un discurso y una organización corporativa. Al mismo tiempo, estudia como con la llegada de la Segunda República (1931-1936), el proyecto corporativo de la instrucción técnica del obrero no se pudo desarrollar tal como lo había planteado el Estatuto de Formación Profesional en 1928, ya que lo que mayormente se pretendía era favorecer la alfabetización del país dentro de los valores democráticos y liberales.

L’ « éducation tout au long de la vie », y compris dès la petite enfance, le primaire, le secondaire, la formation professionnelle, l’éducation supérieure et des adultes est devenue une priorité pour l’ONU (ODD 2030 numéro 4) et pour l’UE (moteur de la Stratégie 2020). La Commission envisage un Espace Européen d´Éducation, auprès le succès de l´Espace Européen d´Éducation Supérieur et l´Espace Européen de la Recherche. L´UE a fait de la mobilité son objectif et le programme Erasmus +, après trente ans, a bénéficié à plus de 9 millions de personnes. Pour autant, quels sont les droits dans le domaine de l’éducation des étudiants, parents, apprentis, directeurs d’établissements éducatifs publics et privés, professeurs, et des autres parties prenantes de la société civile (associations, fondations, entreprises) ? D’un point de vue juridique, les États de l’UE doivent suivre les obligations découlant de la DUDH, des Pactes, CDE, l’UNESCO, l’OIT, OMC, UNICEF, entre autres. Les États doivent répondre à ces obligations parmi les Examens Périodiques Universels, et suivre les recommandations du rapporteur spécial sur le droit à l’éducation. « L’acquis communautaire » a modelé le droit à l’éducation. Parmi les droits analysés se trouvent : le droit à la libre circulation des personnes, le droit à la libre prestation des services et d’établissement, des travailleurs, le principe de non-discrimination en raison de la nationalité, de l’égalité des genres, entre autres. Au regard de l’analyse de l’aspect international, de l’aspect européen et de l’aspect des droits de l’homme (application de la Charte des droits de l´homme et de la CEDH et sa jurisprudence), les citoyens de l’UE ont un droit à l’éducation au sein de l’UE comme droit de l’homme « sui generis » original et spécifique de l’UE. / Lifelong learning including early childhood, primary, secondary, vocational training, higher education and adult education has become a priority for the UN (ODD 2030, number 4) and for the EU (the driving force behind the 2020 Strategy). The Commission is considering a European Area of Education, with the success of the European Higher Education Area and the European Research Area. The EU has made mobility its goal and the Erasmus + program for thirty years has benefited more than 9 million people. However, what are the rights in the field of education for: students, parents, trainees, and directors of public and private educational institutions, teachers, and other stakeholders of civil society (associations, foundations, companies)? From a legal point of view, EU States must follow the obligations following from the UDHR, the Covenants, the CRC, UNESCO, ILO, WTO, UNICEF, among others. States must meet these obligations among the Universal Periodic Review, and follow the recommendations of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education. The « acquis communautaire » is shaping the right to education. Among the rights analyzed we find: rights of free movement of persons, services and establishment, workers, non-discrimination on grounds of nationality, and gender equality among others. After the analysis of the international aspect, the European aspect and the human rights aspect (application of the EU Charter of fundamental rights and the ECHR and its jurisprudence), EU citizens have a right to education in the EU as human right «sui generis» .

Depuis les années 1970, la formation professionnelle continue s’étend à de nombreuses activités économiques et sociales, salariées comme non-salariées. La loi et le contrat, notamment, permettent cette expansion réalisée dans une grande instabilité normative. Constamment modifiés, les dispositifs d’accès à la formation sont souvent complexes et parfois peu efficaces. Le financement de la formation professionnelle suscite également des interrogations en raison des nombreuses personnes, publiques ou privées, chargées d’intervenir dans ce domaine. Le dispositif peut et doit être amélioré afin de permettre l’expansion de la formation professionnelle là où celle-ci mérite d’être encouragée. / Since the 1970s, continuing vocational training extends to many economic and social activities, either employed or self-employed. The law and the contract particulary provide such an expansion, which is carried out in a context of great normative instability. Constantly amended, training programmes are often complex and sometimes even reveal to be ineffective. Financing vocational training also raises questions due to the many people, both public and private, who are involved in this area. The overall system can and must be substantially improved so as to enable the expansion of vocational training wherever it deserves to be encouraged

Durch den Einsatz digitaler Technologien ergeben sich auch im Rahmen der beruflichen Bildung neue Möglichkeiten zur digitalisierten Dokumentation von Wissen und Verfügbarmachung von Informationen für die beteiligten Alteurinnen und Akteure. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, inwiefern eine digitale Lernortkooperation unter Gesichtspunkten des Wissenstransfers mithilfe eines Online-Berichtsheftes umgesetzt werden kann. Dazu wird das vom BMBF geförderte Verbundprojekt ‚Diffusion digitaler Technologien in der beruflichen Bildung durch Lernortkooperation‘ (DiBBLok) vorgestellt und inblicke in die Ergebnisse einer quantiativen Strukturdatenanalyse des Online-Berichtsheftes BLok gegeben.

Cette thèse traite de la problématique de l’évaluation de programmes de formation professionnelle agricole (FPA) élaborés selon l’approche par compétences (APC) au Maroc. À partir d’une analyse approfondie du contexte de leur implantation dans ce pays, elle met en lumière les méthodes actuellement utilisées pour apprécier leur efficacité, mais aussi les insatisfactions que celles-ci suscitent chez les acteurs concernés. La présente recherche repose sur l’hypothèse que l’implication de l’ensemble des parties prenantes dans la mise en œuvre d’une évaluation participative de quatrième génération (Guba et Lincoln,1989) aboutirait à des résultats davantage acceptables et plus utilisables pour améliorer la qualité de ces programmes. Concomitamment, elle vise à répondre à la question spécifique suivante : Comment se décline le processus de négociation à l’intérieur d’une démarche participative d’évaluation de programmes de formation visant à fois la reconnaissance et l’amélioration des pratiques évaluatives des parties prenantes, la coconstruction d’un cadre de référence d’évaluation concerté et utile, et la contribution à leur émancipation? Dans cette perspective, six objectifs sont poursuivis. Du côté scientifique, il s’agit : 1) d’affiner la compréhension des processus de déroulement de la démarche participative d’évaluation de programmes; 2) de décrire et analyser les modes de négociation qui se développent au cœur des dynamiques interactionnelles entres les participants dans un contexte de pluralité; et 3) d’identifier les apprentissages et les changements induits par la participation à l’évaluation de programmes. Du côté pratique, il s’agit : 1) de produire un cadre de référence d’évaluation concerté et utilisable en favorisant la collaboration entre les parties prenantes; 2) d’améliorer leurs capacités évaluatives à travers l’appropriation d’une démarche de mise en œuvre d’une évaluation participative; et 3) de promouvoir le développement et l’ancrage d’une culture d’évaluation participative dans leur milieu professionnel. Pour ce faire, une recherche-action de type communautaire (Stringer, 1999) et qui accorde une place centrale au savoir pratique et à une conception de l’acteur social compétent (Giddens, 1987) a été réalisée en collaboration avec 15 participants. La recherche s’est échelonnée sur plus de 9 mois, soit de l’automne 2019 à l’été 2020, et a impliqué les différentes parties prenantes chargées de la conception, de la gestion et de la mise en œuvre des programmes de FPA. Pour documenter le processus de sa réalisation, la démarche méthodologique adoptée s’est appuyée sur un journal de bord, sur des entretiens individuels et notamment sur des entretiens de groupe. Les données issues des entretiens de groupe ont été traitées à l’aide de l’analyse thématique, de l’analyse conversationnelle et de l’analyse des négociations conversationnelles. Sur le plan scientifique, les résultats de cette recherche ont mis en lumière la diversité de pratiques et de conceptions des parties prenantes par rapport à l’évaluation de programmes de FPA développés selon l’APC au Maroc (cf. chapitre IV), ainsi que le processus de négociation et les jeux de pouvoir qui sous-tendent les interactions entre les participants (cf. chapitre V). En outre, certains apprentissages et changements individuels et collectifs semblent induits par la démarche participative. Sur le plan pratique, le principal résultat est l’identification des composantes (objectifs, critères d’évaluation, méthodes de collecte de données, etc.) d’un cadre de référence d’évaluation des programmes concernés, composantes issues des besoins et des préoccupations des parties prenantes et auxquelles ils adhèrent du fait de leur implication dans le processus de leur détermination (annexe 12). / This thesis deals with the issue of the evaluation of agricultural vocational training (AVT) programs developed according to the competency-based approach (CBA) in Morocco. On the basis of an in-depth analysis of the context of their implementation in this country, it highlights the methods currently used to assess their effectiveness, but also the dissatisfaction that these generate among the actors concerned. This research is based on the assumption that the involvement of all stakeholders in conducting a fourth-generation participatory evaluation (Guba and Lincoln, 1989) would lead to more acceptable and usable results to improve the quality of these programs. Concomitantly, it aims to answer the following specific question: How does the negotiation process unfold within a participatory approach to the evaluation of training programs aimed at both the recognition and improvement of stakeholders' evaluative practices, the co-construction of a concerted and useful evaluation reference framework, and the contribution to their emancipation? In this perspective, six objectives are pursued. On the scientific side, it is about: 1) refine the understanding of the processes of conduct of the participatory approach to programs evaluation; 2) describe and analyze the modes of negotiation that develop at the heart of the interactional dynamics between participants in a context of plurality; and 3) identify learnings and changes induced by participation in programs evaluation. On the practical side, it is about: 1) produce a collaborative and usable evaluation framework by fostering collaboration among stakeholders; 2) improve their evaluative capacities through the appropriation of an approach to the implementation of a participatory evaluation; and 3) promote the development and anchoring of a culture of participatory evaluation in their professional environment. To do this, community-based action research (Stringer, 1999) which gives a central place to the practical knowledge and the conception of the competent social actor of Giddens (1987) is carried out in collaboration with 15 participants. The research spanned over 9 months, from fall 2019 to summer 2020, and involved the various stakeholders responsible for the design, management, and implementation of AVT programs. To document the process of its realization, the methodological approach adopted was based on a logbook, on individual interviews and in particular on group interviews. Data from group interviews were processed using thematic analysis, conversational analysis and conversational negotiation analysis. On a scientific level, the results of this research highlighted the diversity of practices and stakeholder views in relation to the evaluation of AVT programs developed according to the CBA in Morocco (chapter IV) as well as the negotiation process and power games that underlie the interactions between the participants (chapter V). In addition, some individual and collective learning and changes seem to be induced by the participatory process. On a practical level, the main result is the identification of the components (objectives, evaluation criteria, data collection methods, etc.) of a reference framework for the evaluation of the programs concerned, components resulting from the needs and concerns of the stakeholders and to which they adhere because of their involvement in the process of their determination (annex 12).