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In his writings, Bergson criticizes the scientific concept of time as a discontinuous and homogeneous succession. According to Bergson, scientific methods do not lead to an authentic knowledge of the reality which is inherently continuous and heterogeneous for him. The more we objectify and conceptualize the world, the more far away are we from being aware of it and actually grasping it. The reason for this distance or distortion is our intellect that always operates with a linear concept of time and always serves everyday conduct. Thus it works with the delusion of time that produces a useful but to some extent illusory knowledge. The question for this thesis is how inteligence or intellect meets with reality in spite of their different nature. What makes it possible to connect our practical needs with reality. Is the world we are living in, the world of our practical life, real or just an illusion of reality? And how can we understand the meaning of our scientific cognition in this sense?

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Cette recherche, inscrite dans le champ de l’esthétique et de l’histoire de l’art, a pour objectif de rendre compte de la multiplicité et de la polysémie des productions artistiques du XXIe siècle relevant de l’anamorphose et de l’image double. Ces œuvres instables ont la faculté de conjuguer le flux et l’immobilité, tout en permettant de « saisir » la virtualité par le biais de l’entrevision. Constitutives d’ambiguïtés irréductibles, elles réactualisent les détournements de la perspective issus de la Renaissance et produisent des images immatérielles sans nécessairement faire appel aux nouvelles technologies caractérisant l’art numérique. En s’appuyant notamment sur la pensée philosophique de Marcello Vitali Rosati, précisant que le virtuel est la dynamicité de l’interstice, il est posé comme hypothèse de cette investigation que l’analyse de l’ « entre-deux » permettra d’appréhender la virtualité dans la richesse de sa complexité. / This research project in the field of aesthetics aims at accounting for the multiplicity and polysemy of 21st century works of art pertaining to the idea of anamorphosis and double image. These unstable works of art have the power to combine flux and stasis while allowing the spectator to “seize” virtuality through in between-vision. In carrying intractable ambiguities, they revive the Renaissance uses of perspective and illusion and produce immaterial images without necessarily resorting to state- of- the- art digital technology. Drawing on the philosophical works of Marcello Vitali Rosati positing the virtual as being the dynamics of the interstice, the working assumption of this research is that the analysis of “in-betweeness” shall help to get more insight into virtuality in all its richness and complexity.

Diploma thesis mainly deals with the phenomenon of the Internet in mening of its communication paradigm. It tries to describe and explain the function of Internet communication, to differentiate and describe the basic principles of communication on the Internet, defining the concept of virtuality and finally find a relationship between interpersonal and mediated communication. The larger section will be devoted to pedagogical communication and conclusion of the work will draw the consequences of online communication on communication in education.

Este artículo trata de los peregrinos de la ciudad de Cusco que participan en el juego de miniaturas en el santuario de Qoyllurit’i. Partiendo de una descripción del contexto socioeconómico urbano y de la ontología andina, este trabajo se propone explorar cómo podemos entender el juego, el significado de las miniaturas, y la importancia del peregrinaje en el contexto urbano contemporáneo. Una fuerte motivación para ir a Qoyllurit’i consiste en dar poder a los deseos en la vida y asegurar prosperidad económica para el futuro a través de relaciones recíprocas con lugares y objetos. En estas relaciones, valores como el respeto y la fe son importantes. Utilizando los conceptos analíticos de virtualidad y mímesis, analizo el juego como una forma de comunicación fundamentada en una ontología en la cual no se distingue entre naturaleza-cultura, materia-espíritu, significante-significado. Además, se muestra que las prácticas religiosas indígenas son procesos culturales y materiales que son recreados constantemente en relaciones continuas y recíprocas entre lo rural y lo urbano. El artículo se basa en dos años y dos meses de trabajo de campo etnográfico (2001-2002, 200-2007, 2008) en un pueblo joven de la ciudad de Cusco y en tres peregrinajes a Qoyllurit’i (2002, 2007, 2008). / This article is about the pilgrims from Cusco city who participate in the miniature game in the sanctuary of Qoyllurit’i. Starting with a description of the urban socioeconomic context and the Andean ontology, this text intends to explore how we may understand the game, the meaning of the miniatures, and the importance of the pilgrimage in the contemporary urban context. A strong motivation for going to Qoyllurit’i is to empower the desires of life and ensure economic prosperity for the future through reciprocal relations with places and objects. In these relations, values like respect and faith are important. Using the analytical concepts «virtuality» and «mimesis», the article analyzes the game as a form of communication based in an ontology in which there are no distinctions between nature-culture, signifier-signified, and matter-spirit. Furthermore, it shows that indigenous religious practices are cultural and material processes which are constantly recreated in continuous and reciprocal relations between the rural and the urban. The article is based on two years and two months of ethnographic fieldwork (2001-2002, 200-2007, 2008) in a neighborhood in Cusco city and in three pilgrimages to Qoyllurit’i (2002, 2007, 2008).

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No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Liessa Comparim Dalla Nora - 2016.pdf: 16646847 bytes, checksum: e2f115623ce3dcda61397b56300516ea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation analyzes the phenomenon of emotional brands, built and managed by the Emotional Branding (GOBÉ, 2002; ROBERTS, 2005), from the perspective of its participation in culture and in its role as main identity references in a postmodern cultural context characterized by a global semantic discursive network (BAUMAN, 2001; LIPOVETSKY; SERROY, 2011) guided by the consumerist (BAUMAN, 2007; LIPOVETSKY, 2007; CAMPBELL, 2006) and narcissistic (ibid; LASCH, 1970) behavior emphasized in the virtualization of the real (BAUDRILLARD, 1991). As a result of a long historical process, these brands deepened their symbolic nature to the point of becoming Simulacra of individuals (simulacrum-goods) and the key postmodern technologies of the imaginary (SILVA, 2006), or devices for the creation and dispersion of imaginaries. By this nature, they offer consumerist imaginaries and discourses, strategically cut out as persona via anthropomorphization, to be absorbed by the selfs of subject-commodities (BAUMAN, 2007) in the existential market of consumers society (ibid.), which calls for the constant renewal of identities and subjectivities under idealized forms created through the incorporation of discourses and symbols found in goods. Since they're major representatives of this category, we believe that emotional brands can provide these identity kits like no other in this postmodern society where consumption and identity renewal must be permanent and the contact with the otherness and the real is, however, discouraged. These brands offer, as virtual entities, idealized identity references and, as technologies of the imaginary, ideal ambiences for experiencing them, since, at the same time that they supply with symbolic content and affection the empty public and intimate spaces, they sustain the existential bubble that the individuals, the postmodern Narcisus, grow around themselves. This research seeks to describe them as technologies capable of significantly influencing in this context of social breakdown and consumerism, the identities and subjectivities, highlighting the importance of studies on this topic. / Essa dissertação analisa o fenômeno das marcas emocionais, construídas e geridas pelo Branding Emocional (GOBÉ, 2002; ROBERTS, 2005), sob a ótica da sua participação na cultura e em seu papel de principal referência identitária em um contexto cultural pós-moderno caracterizado por uma rede semântica discursiva global (BAUMAN, 2001; LIPOVETSKY; SERROY, 2011) pautada pelo comportamento consumista (BAUMAN, 2007; LIPOVETSKY, 2007; CAMPBELL, 2006) e narcisista (ibidem; LASCH, 1970) enfatizado nos processos de virtualização do real (BAUDRILLARD, 1991). Decorrentes de um longo processo histórico, essas marcas aprofundaram sua natureza simbólica a ponto de tornarem-se simulacros de indivíduos (mercadorias-simulacro) e transformarem-se nas principais tecnologias do imaginário (SILVA, 2006) pós-moderno, ou dispositivos de criação e dispersão de imaginários. Por essa natureza, elas oferecem imaginários e discursos do consumismo estrategicamente talhados como persona via antropomorfização para serem absorvidos pelos selfs dos sujeitos commodities (BAUMAN, 2007) no mercado existencial da sociedade de consumidores (ibidem), que preconiza a constante renovação das identidades e subjetividades sob formas idealizadas, criadas através da incorporação de discursos e símbolos de mercadorias. Como representantes maiores dessa categoria, julgamos que as marcas emocionais podem fornecer esses kits identitários como nenhuma outra nessa sociedade pós-moderna em que consumo e renovação identitária devem ser permanentes e o contato com a alteridade e o real, em contrapartida, é desincentivado. Essas marcas oferecem, como entidades virtuais, referências identitárias idealizadas e, como tecnologias do imaginário, ambiências ideais para a vivência das mesmas, pois, ao mesmo tempo em que suprem com conteúdo simbólico e afeto os vazios espaços públicos e íntimos, mantém a bolha existencial que os indivíduos, os Narcisos pós-modernos, cultivam em torno de si. Essa pesquisa busca descrevê-las como tecnologias capazes de influenciar significativamente. nesse contexto social de desagregação e consumismo, as identidades e subjetividades, evidenciando a importância de estudos sobre esse tema.

[pt] Esta pesquisa procurou responder ao seguinte problema: Que fatores os executivos devem levar em conta nas suas decisões relativas à avaliação das implicações estratégicas pertinentes à virtualização das alianças e redes de relacionamento estabelecidas entre as empresas e seus parceiros de negócio? Como o fenômeno estava em formação no ambiente empresarial a pesquisa foi necessariamente exploratória. A metodologia aplicada foi pós-positivista, utilizando-se simultaneamente dos métodos hipotético- dedutivo e indutivo. A partir do referencial teórico estudado, desenvolveu-se um arcabouço de trabalho contendo os aspectos relativos à virtualização dos relacionamentos com parceiros de negócio, a saber, os direcionadores e atributos da virtualidade, e a tipologia de redes estratégicas virtuais - REVs. Este arcabouço foi aplicado previamente em dois estudos de caso pilotos nas empresas Neoris e GM-Fiat WWP e, após os ajustes nos instrumentos de coleta, em três outros estudos de caso: Construtora Norberto Odebrecht, Telemar e AmBev. Nas etapas subseqüentes da pesquisa, múltiplos métodos foram adotados para a captura de dados: investigação documental e telematizada, levantamento das percepções (survey) com os diretores das diferentes empresas. Os resultados obtidos por meio dos estudos de caso evidenciaram que, de fato, o arcabouço teórico proposto na pesquisa tinha o potencial de contribuir ao fornecimento de subsídios para a tomada de decisão estratégica de empresas que integram redes de relacionamentos, ao ajudá-las, não só a identificar, mas principalmente a influenciar as condições que permitam estabelecer uma participação mais efetiva nos diferentes tipos de REVs possíveis. / [en] The research portrayed in this Doctoral Dissertation was designed to search an answer for the following problem: What factors and dimensions should the executives take into consideration on their decisions regarding the strategic implications related to the virtualization of strategic alliances and networks? Since the study`s object of analysis was a new phenomenon in the business environment that does not yet have an accepted theoretical tradition in the academic world, the research was, necessarily, an exploratory one. The methodology applied was post-positivist, using simultaneously the hypotheticdeductive and inductive methods. Based on the literature investigated, a working framework was developed containing the aspects regarding the virtualization of the relationships with business partners: the virtualization drivers and attributes, and a typology of virtual strategic networks (VSNs). This framework was previously tested in two pilot cases studies: Neoris and GM- Fiat WWP. After the necessary adjustments on the data collections instruments, the framework was applied on the other three research case studies: Construtora Norberto Odebrecht, Telemar e AmBev. On the subsequent research steps, multiple methods were adopted for the data collection. The results obtained by way of the case studies showed that, indeed, the working framework had the potential to contribute with subsidies for the strategic decisions involved, not only in the identification, but mainly in the creation of conditions that influence a more effective participation of firms on the different types of VSNs.

(in English): The thesis is attempting to present theory of art by Susanne Langer. In the first phase it presents her view of perception, which is deeply intertwined with other processes of our mind. Therefore, the thesis is focusing, in her view of perception, on basic principles of human communication and expression, which are all regulated in perspective of this theory by a concept of a symbol. A symbol is presented here as an element, which we revive through perception on one hand and project it into the perceived at other. Therefore the attempt is accompanied by explanation of all aspects of the symbol as one of the basic units operating in the mind, before focusing on perception in general. The thesis then proceeds to narrow perception, to a perception of art, in distinguishing a discoursive and non-discoursive symbol, and a specific non-discoursive symbol in art. On the basis of this distinction, the aim is to explain how Langer views the art, art creation and its value in such a realm of symbolism. In parallel with this development, from the general perception to the definition of art, the term feeling will be increasingly employed in the text. The concept will be presented also as a necessary part of our actions, communication and perception, although feeling is commonly understood as...

Main goal is analyse of contemporary status in restoration of Low Austria and South Moravia and eduction of results for steps which are leading to successful restoration in future. Confrontation of present method in restoration of country Low Austria and South Moravia and sighting of current trends in restoration on european level can show the way to project, when we want to pass on experience and to indicate the support of restoration and to participace with restoration abroad. Creating of vision is really good satisfaction of the work. Between limit South Moravia and Low Austria we can see historical parallel. I tis famous time of Austria – Hungarian monarchy, but also eco - devastation without plans and agro culture. Small and middle small cities of South Moravia begins in time after revolution with searching of new identity, with searching of new ways how to hold out market rivalry to another cities. Rightly effort to unfold and develop current system after the fashion of friends from Low Austria.