Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-01-25T14:17:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOVANIR LAGE.pdf: 1704014 bytes, checksum: 7348405f68bec44a617b0f44c997f3c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-25T14:17:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOVANIR LAGE.pdf: 1704014 bytes, checksum: 7348405f68bec44a617b0f44c997f3c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research is organized from the problem of the opposition between “wicked and righteous” going through the different types of texts from the Persian period under the following question: Who is the [v'r' in Israeli society, and because this term appears with greater intensity in the post-exilic period? This research aims mainly to research the reasons that influenced the introduction of [v'r' terminology “wicked” in certain psalms, such as identification of the enemy. Secondary objectives of our research are: (1) analyze the conceptual formation of [v'r' in its anti-positive feature with qyDIc;; “righteous” emphasizing the ethical axis, characterized as one of the word interpretations; (2) to study the function of the word within the Psalms of Lament, supported the exegetical study of Psalm 55; (3) to understand critically, analyzing the implications of the use of [v'r' as evil representation in the social development of the Jewish community in the post-exilic period. In our approach we intend treat such study from ethical axis, extending the research to the analysis of interpretative motivations Solidarity without Old Testament context / A presente pesquisa organiza-se a partir do problema da contraposição entre “malfeitores e justos” que atravessa os diversos tipos de textos do período persa sob a seguinte pergunta: Quem é o [v'r' na sociedade israelita, e porque este termo surge com maior intensidade no período pós-exílio? O objetivo desta pesquisa visa principalmente, a investigação das razões que influenciaram a introdução da terminologia [v'r' “malfeitor” em determinados salmos, como identificação do inimigo. Os objetivos secundários de nossa investigação serão: (1) analisar a formação conceitual do [v'r' dentro de sua característica anti-positiva com o qyDIc; “justo” enfatizando o eixo ético, caracterizado como uma das interpretações do termo; (2) estudar a função do termo dentro dos Salmos de Lamentação, apoiado no estudo exegético do Salmo 55; (3) entender de forma crítica, a análise das implicações do uso do [v'r' como representação da maldade no desenvolvimento social da comunidade israelita no período pós-exílio. Em nossa abordagem pretendemos tratar de tal estudo a partir do eixo ético, estendendo a investigação para a análise das motivações interpretativas da solidariedade no contexto veterotestamentário.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-12T18:53:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 annaritamacielsimiao.pdf: 1609900 bytes, checksum: c23474ae30bd817c3184ffa7bc2b38fa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T17:24:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 annaritamacielsimiao.pdf: 1609900 bytes, checksum: c23474ae30bd817c3184ffa7bc2b38fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T17:24:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 annaritamacielsimiao.pdf: 1609900 bytes, checksum: c23474ae30bd817c3184ffa7bc2b38fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-06 / Em 1886, tendo como foco o estudo da sexualidade para ser usado nos tribunais e a partir da apresentação, classificação e análise de inúmeros casos de sexualidade desviante observados ao longo dos anos de atuação clinica própria ou alheia, o psiquiatra alemão Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1840-1902) publica a sua obra mais importante – a Psychopathia Sexualis– e articula uma nova perspectiva para o estudo da sexualidade em geral. Embora influente e amplamente discutido por seus contemporâneos, o interesse pela obra de Krafft-Ebing diminuiu consideravelmente depois e poucos estudos lhe são hoje dedicados. Este trabalho descreve e discute, em seus aspectos históricos e conceituais, a abordagem da sexualidade nas obras de Krafft-Ebing, através de uma análise interna da arquitetura conceitual de seus principais trabalhos e de autores que o influenciaram ou foram por ele influenciados. / In 1886, focusing onthe study of sexuality to be utilized in the courts and starting from the presentation, classification and analysis of numerous cases of deviant sexuality observed over the years of own (or others)clinical practices, the german psychiatrist Richard von Krafft -Ebing (1840-1902) published his most important work - the Psychopathia Sexualis- and articulates a new perspective for the study of sexuality in general. Although influential and widely discussed by his contemporaries, the interest in the work of Krafft-Ebing decreased considerably during the following centauries and in the present days only a few studies are dedicated to this subject . This paper describes and discusses, in its historical and conceptual aspects, the approach of sexuality in the works of Krafft-Ebing, through an internal analysis of the conceptual architecture of his major works and authors that influenced or were influenced by him.

[pt] Este trabalho estuda a sétima visão do profeta Zacarias (Zc 5,5-11). Apesquisa surgiu da análise das interpretações que apresentam as seguintes questões: 1. tendência misógina, que atribui à mulher o mal, em detrimento do significado do todo que foi revelado: o efá; o olho deles em toda a terra; os elementos utilizados para tampar o efá e aprisionar a mulher (disco, pedra e chumbo); 2. a remoção do mal, sem morte e destruição: duas mulheres com asas como de cegonha, com vento em suas asas, levantam o efá entre a terra e os céus e o levam para Senaar, onde uma casa será construída, preparada, e onde será assentado sobre sua base. Chama a atenção uma mulher sentada e aprisionada dentro de um efá. O objetivo do estudo é compreender o sentido da extraordinária imagem visionada e dos elementos revelados, no seu contexto sócio-religioso, e o significado teológico da visão. Para isso, foram feitos pesquisa bibliográfica dos últimos 50 anos, análise textual com utilização do método histórico-crítico e análise sincrônica, considerando o texto canônico. Diferentemente das interpretações existentes, que consideram a mulher pecadora e sedutora, concluiu-se que determinado grupo que retornava do exílio na Babilônia, com ideais proféticos, fiel à religião e às tradições, pretendia a mulher sentada no meio do efá (submetida) e prisioneira, por se mostrar com protagonismo com o qual o grupo não concordava. A remoção do mal com final feliz é a resposta de YHWH a este grupo, uma teologia, na qual prevalece a Pedagogia e o Amor divinos para com a mulher e os transgressores, a quem YHWH concede espaço e cuidado para que voltem e se reintegrem à sociedade. / [en] This essay aims to study the seventh vision of the prophet Zechariah (Zech 5:5-11). The research arose from the analysis of interpretations presenting the following issues: 1. a misogynist tendency, which associates women with wickedness to the detriment of the significance of all that was revealed: the ephah, their eye through all the earth; the elements used to cover the ephah and entrap the woman inside it (disk, stone, and lead); 2. the removal of wickedness without death and destruction: two women with wings like the wings of a stork, with wind in their wings, lift the ephah up between the earth and the heaven and take it to Shinar, where a house will be built and prepared for it, and it will be set there upon her own base. The image of an entrapped woman sitting inside an ephah is noteworthy. The objective of this study is to understand the meaning of the extraordinary image envisioned and the elements revealed in it in their socio-religious context, as well as the theological meaning of the vision. For this, a bibliographical research of the last 50 years was carried out alongside with textual analysis using the historical-critical method and synchronic analysis considering the canonical text. Unlike the existing interpretations that consider women as sinful and seductive, this paper concludes that a certain group of exiles returning from Babylon, faithful to religion and tradition and with prophetic ideals, intended for the woman to be sitting in the ephah, (submitted) as a prisoner, for presenting herself with a leading role with which they did not agree. The removal of wickedness with a happy ending is YHWH s response to this group, a theology in which divine Pedagogy and Love prevails towards women and offenders, to whom YHWH grants space and care to allow them to return and be reintegrated into society.

[pt] Este trabalho estuda a sétima visão do profeta Zacarias (Zc 5,5-11). A pesquisa surgiu da análise das interpretações que apresentam as seguintes questões: 1. tendência misógina, que atribui à mulher o mal, em detrimento do significado do todo que foi revelado: o efá; o olho deles em toda a terra; os elementos utilizados para tampar o efá e aprisionar a mulher (disco, pedra e chumbo); 2. a remoção do mal, sem morte e destruição: duas mulheres com asas como de cegonha, com vento em suas asas, levantam o efá entre a terra e os céus e o levam para Senaar, onde uma casa será construída, preparada, e onde será assentado sobre sua base. Chama a atenção uma mulher sentada e aprisionada dentro de um efá. O objetivo do estudo é compreender o sentido da extraordinária imagem visionada e dos elementos revelados, no seu contexto sócio-religioso, e o significado teológico da visão. Para isso, foram feitos pesquisa bibliográfica dos últimos 50 anos, análise textual com utilização do método histórico-crítico e análise sincrônica, considerando o texto canônico. Diferentemente das interpretações existentes, que consideram a mulher pecadora e sedutora, concluiu-se que determinado grupo que retornava do exílio na Babilônia, com ideais proféticos, fiel à religião e às tradições, pretendia a mulher sentada no meio do efá (submetida) e prisioneira, por se mostrar com protagonismo com o qual o grupo não concordava. A remoção do mal com final feliz é a resposta de YHWH a este grupo, uma teologia, na qual prevalece a Pedagogia e o Amor divinos para com a mulher e os transgressores, a quem YHWH concede espaço e cuidado para que voltem e se reintegrem à sociedade. / [en] This essay aims to study the seventh vision of the prophet Zechariah (Zech 5:5-11). The research arose from the analysis of interpretations presenting the following issues: 1. a misogynist tendency, which associates women with wickedness to the detriment of the significance of all that was revealed: the ephah, their eye through all the earth; the elements used to cover the ephah and entrap the woman inside it (disk, stone, and lead); 2. the removal of wickedness without death and destruction: two women with wings like the wings of a stork, with wind in their wings, lift the ephah up between the earth and the heaven and take it to Shinar, where a house will be built and prepared for it, and it will be set there upon her own base. The image of an entrapped woman sitting inside an ephah is noteworthy. The objective of this study is to understand the meaning of the extraordinary image envisioned and the elements revealed in it in their socio-religious context, as well as the theological meaning of the vision. For this, a bibliographical research of the last 50 years was carried out alongside with textual analysis using the historical-critical method and synchronic analysis considering the canonical text. Unlike the existing interpretations that consider women as sinful and seductive, this paper concludes that a certain group of exiles returning from Babylon, faithful to religion and tradition and with prophetic ideals, intended for the woman to be sitting in the ephah, (submitted) as a prisoner, for presenting herself with a leading role with which they did not agree. The removal of wickedness with a happy ending is YHWH s response to this group, a theology in which divine Pedagogy and Love prevails towards women and offenders, to whom YHWH grants space and care to allow them to return and be reintegrated into society.

This study examines the figures of theיקדִּ צַ and עשָׁ רָ in psalms. Drawing on both semantics and poetics, this study argues that the contrast between the figures represented by these terms is part of the conventions of Hebrew psalmody and, as such, can serve various discursive functions within an individual psalm. Using insights from the field of lexical semantics, the study clarifies the possible uses of the words Justand עשָׁ רָ, emphasizing a wider range of uses than is typically offered within a broad behavioral domain for these terms. The study summarizes ways that various books in the Hebrew Bible use the contrast of these figures to develop a description of the literary features related to their presentations. The analysis of 18 psalms that include both figures utilizes insights from narratological theories of character to explore the functions of the contrast between קידִּ צַ and עשָׁ רָ as literary figures within the overall discourse of the psalm. Focusing on the setting of an individual psalm and embracing the possibility of variation reveals that קידִּ צַ and עשָׁ רָ are not only, or even usually, employed to describe the “prototypically good” or “prototypically bad” person in psalms. Rather, the עשָׁ רָ is often a designation for an antagonist, and the קידִּ צַ is often understood as one who is innocently wronged. As such, the literary pattern of their contrast does not focus on the moral character of these figures but on the fairness or justice of God to eventually elevate the position of the קידִּ צַ and destroy the עשָׁ רָ.

No description available.

Le mal est par sa nature un scandale car il se définit par ce qui ne devrait pas être à l’opposé du bien qui se présente comme ce qui doit être. Cette affirmation, qui relève de la tautologie, marque la réalité éprouvée face au mal. Il a d’abord été une évidence criante : comment réagir face aux maux de l’existence humaine ? Ainsi le mal est inscrit dans l’histoire de la pensée et commence pour notre travail avec le platonisme. Avant la conceptualisation platonicienne, le mal est une donnée factuelle de la vie avec laquelle il faut composer. Les figures divines sont ambivalentes à l’image des hommes et alternent vices et vertus. Platon postule une entité divine unique, omnisciente, omnipotente et bienveillante. Ce dieu devient intelligence, calcul et raison : le monde devient une création parfaite, belle et ordonnée et non plus le théâtre d’un affrontement entre les diverses passions des dieux. Le mal se transforme alors en un enjeu métaphysique : comment concilier cette perfection avec l’émergence du mal ? Il faut désormais expliquer et tenter de justifier la violence et les crimes. S’il est possible de proposer une théodicée qui rende le mal physique et métaphysique nécessaire, légitimer la méchanceté se révèle plus ardu. Les penseurs du platonisme, du néoplatonisme et du stoïcisme vont tenter d’apporter une première réponse au mal moral. Dans leur sillage, une rupture conceptuelle advient et révolutionne le concept : le christianisme invente le péché. En devenant péché, le mal se retrouve désormais sous la responsabilité de l’homme coupable. Le mal entre dans le giron de la liberté : il est voulu, consenti. A la suite des penseurs chrétiens, certains philosophes continueront ce travail d’élucidation de la volonté du mal. L’objectif est de retracer l’histoire de ces systèmes conceptuels qui s’entremêlent et se répondent les uns aux autres. Le mal moral se construit dans cette progression qui a des conséquences anthropologiques importantes : l’homme se pense à travers le mal. La méchanceté n’est donc pas seulement un problème à résoudre, elle devient le paradigme à travers lequel définir l’homme. Notre problématique est de montrer comment la question de la méchanceté est à la base du problème de la morale et comment elle conditionne notre représentation de la nature de la volonté humaine. Cette évolution s’est nouée lors d’étapes clés de la pensée philosophique. En effet, si dans toute philosophie morale, le concept du mal est évoqué, il n’est pas en général le centre de l’argumentaire. Le premier moment est celui de la pensée antique. Platon fait naître Dieu et le monde dans l’histoire des concepts puis se retrouve face l’énigme de nos crimes. La théodicée mise en place et qui sera reprise par Plotin et les Stoïciens ne cessera de nier l’existence d’un instinct pervers. Le mal voulu est une absurdité. L’irruption de la faute chrétienne bouleverse la donne. Saint Augustin en sera le théoricien le plus investi affectivement. Ayant expérimenté une double conversion dans sa vie spirituelle, il théorise une méchanceté issue de notre faiblesse, de notre faute première. Le mal est voulu car il n’est plus possible de vouloir autre chose. Saint Anselme reprend également le dogme de la chute mais lui apporte une dimension logique et sémantique en proposant une méchanceté égoïste. Le mal est certes voulu mais par dédain du bien. Notre dernière étape est kantienne. Le mal radical est le concept qui permet enfin de penser une volonté normale qui voudrait le mal simplement parce qu’elle a en elle cette possibilité et la liberté fondamentale de le choisir. Nous pourrons donc constater le chemin parcouru entre notre point de départ et notre point d’arrivée et comment cette problématisation du mal fait apparaître une généalogie de la volonté. Au fil de la pensée, elle passe de l’ombre à la lumière, n’étant jamais aussi présente que quand elle se retrouve confrontée aux obstacles. Penser le mal moral c’est faire l’archéologie de la volonté. / Evil provokes scandal by nature because it is what it should not be unlike good which is what it has to be. This tautological assertion expresses our feelings toward evil. It was first perfectly obvious : how must we face human pain ? Evil is a part of thinking’s history : our study starts with Platonism. Before his work, evil is just a fact of life you have to live with. The gods of Antiquity are like men : good or bad. The God of Plato is the one, omniscient, all-powerful and kindly. God is just intelligence, calculation and reason : the world he created is beautiful, ordered and perfect and it is no longer the place for the vices of ancient gods. Evils turns into a metaphysical issue : how can be the world perfect despite evil ? We have now to explain, to justify violence and crimes. Theodicy can justify pain and illness. It does not work with wickedness. Platonism, Neo-Platonism and Stoicism tried to answer this question. Following them, a conceptual break happens : Christendom invented sin. When evil became sin, man became liable and guilty. It is now a matter of liberty : man wants evil. After them, some philosophers will keep to work on the subject of the bad will. Our purpose is to find the story of these concepts and to connect thoughts between themselves. Evil has been made by this story and brings many anthropological consequences : man understands himself through evil. Wickedness is not just a matter to solve, wickedness becomes a way to define mankind. We want to show that wickedness issue is the foundations of morality and how it makes us see and think human will. Several stages occurred in this philosophical evolution. Every ethic deals with evil, not all put it at the heart of their system. Our first stage is Antiquity. Plato brings the ideas of God and perfect world in philosophy but faces the riddle of our crimes. His theodicy adopted by Plotinus and Stoics will always refuse pervert instinct in man. A man who want evil is nonsense. Christian sin appearance changes everything. Augustine will be his strongest defender. By living a double spiritual conversion, he understands wickedness as weakness due to original sin. Man want evil because he is no longer able to will something else. Anselmus follows the dogma of the fall but puts logical and semantic dimension in it and presents a self-interested wickedness. Man wants evil not for itself, man does not want enough good. Our last stage is Kant. Radical will is the first concept which allows to conceive a normal bad will which would evil just because it is one of his options and it has the liberty to do so. We can see the difference between our starting point and our arrival. We see now how the concept of will has grew up and changed. Little by little, will comes from darkness to light. The more will faces obstacles, the more it is obvious. Thinking on evil is the archaeology of the will.