This thesis describes the Bohemian coronation of Francis II, which took place in 1792. It examines it in the context of other coronations, which Francis undertook in the same year, and compares it with the coronation of his father Leopold II. A description of the coronation ceremony of Francis' wife Maria Theresa is also included. This thesis documents not only the act of coronation itself but also the whole process of preparation and accompanying festivities. Attention is also paid to the concept of "folk" and the folk celebration that took place in Bubeneč. Keywords Francis II - coronation - celebration in Bubeneč - Maria Theresa

Today, teachers are expected to play a major role in the socialization of their students. Crafting strong classroom communities that incorporate celebration is one technique some teachers have developed to enhance a sense of belonging in their classroom. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of teachers regarding what the practice of celebration accomplishes for the teacher, student, and class in reference to building and maintaining a classroom learning community. This study also examined approaches that teachers found to be the most successful in creating celebrations. A multiple-site study design was used to gather qualitative data at 10 public elementary schools in East Tennessee. Data sources were standardized with open-ended interviews based on an interview guide. For the purposes of this study, celebration included group events and activities used to recognize, demonstrate, or promote significant classroom values, experiences, or occasions. Many commonalities in teachers' perceptions about classroom celebrations emerged such as the enhancement of group solidarity, sense of belonging, and teachers' ability to find joy and meaning in teaching. Further qualitative and quantitative research should be conducted to determine how to best plan and implement celebrations for diverse classroom populations. In addition, a survey to capture ideas more broadly related to successful celebrations for a variety of age groups might be useful to practitioners. A study pertaining to the experience of classroom celebration from the perspective of the student was also recommended as a future area for research.

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[pt] Esta tese tem como objetivo mostrar que a concepção de sobre-humanidade em Nietzsche não é uma figura de retórica, uma ficção, um ideal e comprovar tal visão através da sua própria obra. Através da análise rigorosa das tipologias morais do nobre e do escravo, pretende-se mostrar que possíveis atributos do sobre-humano tem um parentesco aproximado e uma herança importante com as descrições que Nietzsche empreende acerca do espírito aristocrático. Com tudo isso, quer-se mostrar que Nietzsche pensou o sobre-humano como alternativa radical a isto que chamamos de viver a vida, como resposta a nossos pequenos prazeres, estratégias de sobrevivência, interesses mesquinhos, enfim, mostrar que o sobre-humano vai nos obrigar a pensar sobre nossos conflitos pequeno- burgueses e seus falsos problemas, medos e covardias. / [en] Through a rigourous analysis, this thesis wants to show that the conception of the overman, in Nietzsche, it is not a mere rhetorical or metaphorical figure, na ideal or a fiction. We intend to prove through the conception of the noble and slave morality that the overman has inherited possible attributes and characteristics of the spirit of the aristocrat. After all, we want to demonstrate that Nietzsche conceived the overman as a radical alternative to what we call to live and enjoy life, as an answer to our little pleasures, strategies of survival, petty interests and to show that the overman constrains us to reflect about our littlle bougeois conflicts with it´s false problems, fears and cowardicwe.

A discussion concerning the frame, foundation, midsection and stair of the Odd Fellows Lodge. Influenced by the precedents of rural Virginia's pragmatic building techniques and the personal and poetic work of architect Carlo Scarpa, the interventions to the Lodge maintain its gentle existence while asserting a new presence as an introduction to downtown Blacksburg. / Master of Architecture

Living celebration of death: The Day of the Dead in contemporary Mexican society Mgr. Petra Ponocná Abstract This work deals with perceptions of The Day of the Dead feast in the urban society of Mexico City in the context of official ideology of Mexican cultural nationalism. Dissertation was founded on fieldwork in Mexico City in two different locations, namely delegación Cuauhtémoc and delegación Xochimilco. I focus on the perceptions of the feast by research partners and I try to point out the process of self-identification with the locality and its relation to attitude formation to The Day of the Dead and national identity. I investigate the role of the state and the city in organizing the holiday and research partners reactions to these interventions. The work is based on long-term ethnographic research with distinctive elements of auto ethnography

‘Calbar is where he is not’ is a symbolic condition reflected in his "absent presence" in the discussions about his desertion be deemed as betrayal or not, a historical controversy of centuries. In order to answer it, historical productions were made, remembrances and celebrations, which are the sources for the development of this research. Starting from Calabar's basis as a myth, the goal is to indicate which interests are involved in each context and also what our mythical figure allows us to comprehend about each of them. The plot allows us to observe the relations between history, memory and myth, from the end of the XIX century until the year of 2017, in an effort to present sources and conclusions, from several contexts, and, through memory’s history accompany the evocation processes of the mythical figure of Calabar. Divided into three parts, we analyze the production of the Historical Institute of Alagoas on its regard, the 'new sources presented', the revisionisms and disputes about his attitude, perceiving how his image is being constructed in history; then, we follow the construction of his memory in Porto Calvo, AL, his native city, observing how they take ownership on his history, aiming to draw a 'cultural tourism', and how they seek to cause an identification with Calabar among the population. Finally, we observed the significant celebration of the 'Bicentennial of the Emancipation of Alagoas' occurred in 2017, aiming on the developed activities that resumed Calabar, in the cities of Porto Calvo and Maceió. Concluding the permanence of Calabar as a myth, presenting at what point from the complaint (traitor or hero) we are and what it allows us to reflect on the construction of Alagoas identity nowadays. / ‘Calabar está onde não está’ é uma condição simbólica, refletida em sua ‘presença ausente’ nas discussões a respeito de sua deserção ser ou não traição, uma controvérsia histórica de séculos. Em busca de respondê-la foram elaboradas produções de história, rememorações e comemorações, que são nossas fontes para desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa. Partindo inicialmente do pressuposto de Calabar como mito, o que pretendemos é indicar quais os interesses em cada contexto e o que essa figura mítica nos permite compreender sobre cada um deles. A trama nos permite observar as relações entre história, memória e mito, desde o fim do século XIX até 2017, num esforço de apresentar fontes e conclusões, nos diversos contextos, e, através da história da memória, acompanhar os processos de evocação da figura mítica de Calabar. Dividida em três partes, analisamos a produção do Instituto Histórico Alagoano ao seu respeito, as ‘novas fontes apresentadas’, os revisionismos e disputas sobre sua atitude, percebendo como na história vai sendo construída sua imagem; em seguida, acompanhamos a construção de sua memória em Porto Calvo, AL, sua cidade ‘natal’, observando como se apropriam da história dele, visando o ‘turismo cultural’, e como procuram gerar entre a população um sentimento de identificação com Calabar. Por fim, observamos a importante comemoração do ‘Bicentenário da Emancipação de Alagoas’ ocorrida em 2017, focando nas atividades desenvolvidas que retomaram Calabar, nas cidades de Porto Calvo e Maceió. Concluindo a permanência de Calabar como mito, apresentando em que ponto da querela (traidor ou herói) estamos e o que, também ela, nos permite refletir sobre a construção da identidade alagoana hoje. / São Cristóvão, SE

This study is primarily about the theory of uneven geographical development. In an era when it is proclaimed that, through globalization, the world has become flat, the unevenness of economic and social development is often overlooked or suppressed. As the nexus between global and local processes, the urban space often becomes the site of conflict between those defining the hegemonic narrative of the space, from a global and flat perspective; and those experiencing heterogenous local narratives, whose uneven positions are reinforced by this hegemonic narrative. This study explores the conditions of uneven geographical development in the urban space of central Florida. Focusing primarily on the Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID), better known by much of the world as Walt Disney World, and on Celebration, the community developed by the Disney Corporation in the 1990s, the relationship between urban development and tourism, the defining economic sector in the region, are explored in the context of space-place, global-local narratives. This is done using the four conditions of David Harvey's Theory of Uneven Geographical Development. First, the history of sociopolitical processes within the urban space are explored as creating a framework upon which contemporary uneven geographical development could be built. Second, the development and continued power of the RCID in central Florida are examined within the context of accumulation by dispossession. Third, Celebration as a consumed company town is examined in the context of accumulation across space-time. Finally, the relationships between the RCID and Celebration, and the rest of the central Florida region, are developed in the context of struggles occurring simultaneously across multiple scales. This study shows that the theory of uneven geographical development applies well to a region that is heavily dependent upon the tourist sector for its economy, and thereby works to control the narrative of that space to continue attracting consumers. It also shows that, while the theory of uneven geographical development works well for a space that is a primary global tourist sink, it needs additional theoretical sophistication in order to better suit rapidly changing global processes.

Etudier l'image de Louis XIV n’est pas nouveau. Explorer le discours sur sa personne l‘est davantage. La thématique « comment parle-t-on de Louis XIV? » sera préférée à la sempiternelle question « comment Louis XIV a-t-il fait parler de lui? ». Le processus (célébrer le roi) compte autant que le résultat (l'image du roi). Ce phénomène est souvent réduit à une vaste opération de communication. Contester que celui-ci produit une image serait une erreur. Néanmoins, réévaluer sa dimension d’hommage au roi parait indispensable. Le terme « célébration » rend compte, mieux que toute autre, de cette dualité. La célébration de Louis XIV peut être étudiée en s’écartant des matériaux traditionnels, grâce aux sermons et oraisons funèbres. En les confortant aux divertissements, la louange au roi apparait alors dans son étendue et sa complexité. Un premier chapitre définit la louange entre promotion du roi et rituel socioculturel, examine comment celle-ci a pénétré tel ou tel type de divertissements, de sermons et d‘oraisons funèbres, notamment grâce à un univers culturel commun par-delà leurs différences respectives. Un second chapitre s'intéresse aux acteurs de la louange, tente de les identifier, de pénétrer leurs motivations sans omettre le roi qui dansa dans les ballets et montra son intérêt pour les divertissements. Enfin, une étude des destinataires, souvent les mêmes dans les différents genres, complète ce panorama.Un dernier chapitre porte sur le portrait du roi, tel qu’il ressort de la louange. Celui-ci peut être approche avec la théorie du double corps du roi ou par l’idéal du roi absolu s’épanouissant sous Louis XIV. La réception de cette image, par ceux à qui elle était destinée, mérite d’être posée, ouvrant différentes problématiques, telle la possibilité d’un regard critique ou les modalités d'accueil des différents textes et de la louange elle-même. / The study of Louis XIV’s image is not new. Exploring the speeches on his Person is it more. "How do people talk about Louis XIV “will be preferred to the age old question” how did Louis XIV get himself talked about". The way it proceeds (celebrating the king) matters as much as the result (the image of the king). This phenomenon is often contemplated and reduced to a vast operation of communication. Challenging that it gives rise to an image (representation) would be wrong. Nevertheless it appears essential to reassess its contribution to the homage to the king. The term "celebration" highlights that duality. The celebration of Louis XIV can be studied irrespective of traditional work materials but through preaches and funeral orations. Together with entertainments, the praise to the king then appears in all its extent and complexity.The first chapter describes the praise as a way to promote the king as well as a social cultural rite. It focuses on how the praise has penetrated some entertainments, preaches and funeral orations in a common cultural universe beyond their respective differences. A second chapter investigates more specifically the actors of the praise with an attempt to identify those actors, to penetrate their motivations without forgetting that Louis XIV has danced in the ballets and took pleasure and interest in entertainments. Finally a study of the public often comprising the same people complete the study. The last chapter is devoted to the portrait of the king in the praise. It is possible to come close to this portrait with the theory of the king's two bodies or by the widely spread idealized image of an absolute monarch. The feeling of those people for whom the image was intended deserves to be asked. It thus leaves room for certain issues such as a possibility of critical analysis by public or patterns of acceptance of the various texts and of the praise itself.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka förskollärarstudenters uppfattning om och tidigare erfarenheter av att arbeta med olika kulturella och religiösa traditioner i förskolan. Examensarbetet utgår från ett interkulturellt perspektiv och behandlar vilka traditioner som synliggörs i förskolan, hur firandet går till och informanternas uppfattning om tradition som fenomen och resurs för kulturellt lärande. I förhållande till den senast reviderade läroplanen (Skolverket, 2018) åskådliggörs förskolans uppdrag angående kultur och mångfald. För att informanterna skulle ges möjlighet till ett fritt berättande användes (sju) semistrukturerade intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Analysen av de nedtecknade intervjuerna utgick från syftet och de centrala begreppen interkulturell sensibilitet, kultur och mångfald. Resultatet visar att informanterna har erfarenheter av ett traditionsfirande som anpassas till de kulturer som finns representerade i den aktuella barngruppen. Traditionsfirandet kännetecknas av frivillighet, formbarhet och nytänkande. Vilka traditioner som firas och hur detta sker i praktiken varierar, och styrs av pedagogernas erfarenheter, intresse och kunskap. Det religiösa och icke-religiösa traditionsfirandet bidrar till interkulturella möten och firandet kan följaktligen ha en sammanlänkande funktion mellan barn med olika kulturer. Det framkommer även att okunskap kring ämnen som religion och historia är en orsak till att pedagogerna undviker att samtala om bakgrunden till de traditioner som firas. Informanternas uppfattning om genomförandet av religiösa traditioner överensstämmer med hur begreppet interkulturell sensibilitet definieras i tidigare forskning, som tolerans mot andras och insikt om den egna kulturens plats bland alla övriga i en kulturell mångfald.   Studiens slutsats är att det saknas kunskap inom områden som berör kultur, traditioner och religion. Okunskapen kan vara en anledning till att pedagoger undviker att samtala om dessa ämnen med barn och föräldrar, eftersom området berör högst personliga frågor, vilka kan uppfattas som integritetskränkande. Det visar sig att pedagogernas kontakt med föräldrarna är oumbärlig för hur de ska kunna förverkliga sitt uppdrag angående synliggörandet av och lärandet om olika kulturer och traditioner i förskolan.