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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Interface circuits for readout and control of a micro-hemispherical resonating gyroscope

Mayberry, Curtis Lee 12 January 2015 (has links)
Gyroscopes are inertial sensors that measure the rate or angle of rotation. One of the most promising technologies for reaching a high-performance MEMS gyroscope has been development of the micro-hemispherical shell resonator. (μHSR) This thesis presents the electronic control and read-out interface that has been developed to turn the μHSR into a fully functional micro-hemispherical resonating gyroscope (μHRG) capable of measuring the rate of rotation. First, the μHSR was characterized, which both enabled the design of the interface and led to new insights into the linearity and feed-through characteristics of the μHSR. Then a detailed analysis of the rate mode interface including calculations and simulations was performed. This interface was then implemented on custom printed circuit boards for both the analog front-end and analog back-end, along with a custom on-board vacuum chamber and chassis to house the μHSR and interface electronics. Finally the performance of the rate mode gyroscope interface was characterized, showing a linear scale factor of 8.57 mv/deg/s, an angle random walk (ARW) of 34 deg/sqrt(hr) and a bias instability of 330 deg/hr.
52

The role of the complete Coriolis force in cross-equatorial transport of abyssal ocean currents

Stewart, Andrew L. January 2011 (has links)
In studies of the ocean it has become conventional to retain only the component of the Coriolis force associated with the radial component of the Earth’s rotation vector, the so-called “traditional approximation”. We investigate the role of the “non-traditional” component of the Coriolis force, corresponding to the non-radial component of the rotation vector, in transporting abyssal waters across the equator. We first derive a non-traditional generalisation of the multi-layer shallow water equations, which describe the flow of multiple superposed layers of inviscid, incompressible fluid with constant densities over prescribed topography in a rotating frame. We derive these equations both by averaging the three-dimensional governing equations over each layer, and via Hamilton’s principle. The latter derivation guarantees that conservation laws for mass, momentum, energy and potential vorticity are preserved. Within geophysically realistic parameters, including the complete Coriolis force modifies the domain of hyperbolicity of the multi-layer equations by no more than 5%. By contrast, long linear plane waves exhibit dramatic structural changes due to reconnection of the surface and internal wave modes in the long-wave limit. We use our non-traditional shallow water equations as an idealised model of an abyssal current flowing beneath a less dense upper ocean. We focus on the Antarctic Bottom Water, which crosses the equator in the western Atlantic ocean, where the bathymetry forms an almost-westward channel. Cross-equatorial flow is strongly constrained by potential vorticity conservation, which requires fluid to acquire a large relative vorticity in order to move between hemispheres. Including the complete Coriolis force accounts for the fact that fluid crossing the equator in an eastward/westward channel experiences a smaller change in angular momentum, and therefore acquires less relative vorticity. Our analytical and numerical solutions for shallow water flow over idealised channel topography show that the non-traditional component of the Coriolis force facilitates cross-equatorial flow through an almost-westward channel.
53

Transport de moment cinétique et de champ magnétique par un écoulement tourbillonnaire turbulent: Influence de la Rotation

Marié, Louis 30 September 2003 (has links) (PDF)
L'écoulement de von Karman est l'écoulement produit par la rotation de deux disques coaxiaux placés en vis-à-vis. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous présentons un certain nombre de résultats expérimentaux visant à la caractérisation des fluctuations à grande échelle d'un écoulement d'allongement sensiblement unitaire. Dans certaines circonstances, nous mettons notamment à jour une "bifurcation globale" ainsi qu'un comportement "intermittent" de la structure de l'écoulement. Nous présentons par ailleurs une relation qui relie les statistiques des fluctuations de l'écoulement aux valeurs des couples fournis par les moteurs. Enfin, nous ébauchons l'étude de l'influence de la force de Coriolis sur l'écoulement. La deuxième partie de cette thèse présente des résultats numériques et expérimentaux portant sur l'étude des caractéristiques magnéto-hydrodynamiques de l'écoulement, et notamment sur sa capacité à produire un champ magnétique par "effet dynamo". Les résultats expérimentaux ont été obtenus à haut nombre de Reynolds magnétique dans le montage "VKS", qui utilise du sodium liquide.
54

Implementation Of Northfinding Techniques

Oguz, Pinar 01 June 2006 (has links) (PDF)
ABSTRACT IMPLEMENTATION OF NORTHFINDING TECHNIQUES Oguz, Pinar MS, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. T.Engin Tuncer June 2006, 131 pages The fundamental problem of navigation is to find the initial north angle of the body with respect to the reference frame. Determination of the north angle of the body frame is required in spacecraft, aircraft, sea-craft, land-craft and missile control and guidance. This thesis discusses implementation and comparison of four northfinding techniques. These are GPS (Global Positioning System) based with integer search, GPS based with Kalman filter, accelerometer based and IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) based techniques. The north angle is determined by the processing of difference measurements of the GPS carrier phase between two antennas at GPS based northfinding techniques. Carrier phase ambiguity resolution is the main problem in GPS based techniques. Since, GPS receiver measures only the fractional part of the carrier phase. Therefore, integer part remains unknown. Two distinct ideas are applied to solve carrier phase ambiguities in two techniques. One of them is integer search on single phase difference. Suitable integer sets are checked on the cost function which is constructed from the single phase difference between two antennas. The other technique uses integer estimator and attitude estimator with Kalman filter rely on double difference phase measurements which are obtained from carrier phase differences of two antennas and two satellites at one instant. To test the GPS based techniques, a realistic GPS emulator is implemented. GPS emulator provides typical GPS raw navigation data including satellite positions, pseudoranges and carrier phases. Accelerometer based northfinding technique is composed of a vertically placed linear accelerometer on a rotating platform. The north angle is found by Coriolis acceleration due to Earth and platform rotation. Implementation problems of this technique in practice are discussed. IMU based northfinding technique has inertial sensor components such as gyroscopes and accelerometers to sense the Earth rotation rate and gravitational force respectively. The north angle is found by the processing of these inertial sensors output. Real set-up is established to test the IMU based technique.
55

An experimental study of the spread of buoyant water into a rotating environment

Crawford, Thomas Joseph January 2017 (has links)
This thesis examines previously unresolved issues regarding the fluid dynamics of the spread of buoyant water into a rotating environment. We focus in particular on the role that finite potential vorticity and background turbulence play in determining the flow properties. When water of an anomalous density enters into an oceanic basin, gravity-driven surface flows can be established as a result of the density difference. These flows are often of a sufficiently large scale that the dynamics are affected by the Coriolis force arising from the rotation of the earth. This causes the formation of a large outflow gyre near to the source which feeds into a propagating gravity current that is confined to the coast. Previous experimental work in this field has sought to simplify the problem through the use of a point source and a quiescent ambient. We extend this work to provide a better representation of the real-world flow by introducing a source of finite depth and background turbulence to the rotating ambient. This study seeks to answer three key questions that are critical to the understanding of the flow behaviour in this scenario. First, what is the effect of the finite potential vorticity of the outflow on the properties of the outflow vortex and the boundary current? Second, what role does the presence of the the outflow vortex play in determining the behaviour of the current? Third, what is the effect of background turbulence on the flow properties? To carry out the investigation, experiments were conducted in the laboratory and compared with a theoretical description of the flow. The currents are generated inside a rotating tank filled with saltwater by the continuous release of buoyant freshwater from a source structure located at the fluid surface. A horizontal source of finite depth is used to introduce finite potential vorticity into the outflow. The impact of background turbulence is examined by introducing an oscillating grid into the rotating tank. We find that the finite potential vorticity of the outflow plays an important role in determining the flow properties for sufficiently low Rossby and Froude number. As the value of these parameters is increased a zero potential vorticity model is able to capture the key elements of the flow behaviour. The outflow vortex is found to act as a time-varying source to the boundary current, with the current velocity fixed by the vortex velocity field. The vortex vorticity is seen to decrease with time, while the vortex radius continues to increase at late times despite the vortex having reached a limiting depth, which enables potential vorticity to be conserved and the current to be supplied with a non-zero velocity. Finally, the structure of the background turbulence is found to be key in determining the effect that it has on the flow properties, with different behaviours observed for three-dimensional and quasi- two-dimensional turbulence.
56

Etude détaillée et modélisation globale du spectre de vibration-rotation de 12C2H2

Amyay, Badr 16 March 2012 (has links)
Nous avons contribué à l’amélioration du modèle global de 12C2H2. Ce modèle, exploitant la notion de polyade, a pris en compte l’ensemble des données spectrales de vibration-rotation de la littérature concernant des niveaux de vibration jusqu’à 8900 cm-1. Au terme de notre travail, les 18415 raies publiées dans la littérature sont reproduites par le modèle endéans 3 fois leur incertitude expérimentale qui est typiquement de l’ordre voire meilleure que 0,001 cm-1. L’introduction des interactions de type Coriolis, réalisée pour la première fois pour l’acétylène dans une perspective globale aux côtés des interactions de type vibrationnel, s’est révélée déterminante dans la qualité des résultats. La totalité des énergies de vibration-rotation de la molécule a été prédite jusqu’à des énergies de l’ordre du visible et pour des valeurs du nombre quantique de rotation allant jusqu’à 120. Nous avons exploité ces résultats pour calculer de manière exhaustive les intensités spectrales dans les régions importantes pour la détection de 12C2H2 dans les atmosphères stellaires et planétaires, impliquant un calcul des fonctions de partition jusqu’à 2000 K avec une précision inégalée dans la littérature. D’autres paramètres thermodynamiques, énergie de Helmholtz, entropie, enthalpie et capacité calorifique à pression constante ont été calculées dans la foulée, tenant compte des deux isomères de spin de la molécule. <p>Au cours de ce travail, une banque de donnée a été mise sur pied, rassemblant les positions de toutes les raies de vibration-rotation connues de 12C2H2 et impliquant des niveaux de vibration jusqu’à 8900 cm-1. Nous avons alimenté cette banque de données, base du modèle global, en nous focalisant sur l’analyse de trois régions spectrales à partir de nouveaux spectres acquis via des collaborations internationales.<p>La première région considérée est celle de l’infrarouge lointain, les spectres étant enregistrés par le Dr A. Predoi-Cross utilisant le rayonnement synchrotron de la « Canadian Light Source ». Les niveaux de pliage à basse énergie sont impliqués, entre 0 et 3000 cm-1. Nous avons étudié en particulier la bande de différence v5-v4 située vers 117 cm-1 et les bandes chaudes associées. Un ensemble de 731 nouvelles raies ont été attribuées sur ce spectre. De nouvelles données ont été obtenues sur 12C13CH2 à cette occasion. <p>La seconde région qui nous a occupé est celle de la première excitation –CH, vers 3300 cm-1. Des spectres d’émission à très haute température (~1455 K) ont été enregistrés par le groupe du Prof. R. Georges à l’université de Rennes. 3811 nouvelles raies ont été attribuées sur ces spectres, les bandes chaudes observées et analysées impliquant jusqu’à 4 quanta d’excitation des modes de pliage et atteignant des niveaux de vibration jusqu’à 6000 cm-1. <p>La troisième région analysée est celle de la seconde excitation –CH, vers 6700 cm-1, sur base de spectres à très haute résolution enregistrés par le groupe du Dr. A. Campargue à l’université de Grenoble. L’analyse de ces spectres nous a permis d’attribuer 1825 nouvelles raies et, via les bandes chaudes, d’accéder aux niveaux de vibration excités jusqu’à 8900 cm-1. <p>L’ensemble de ces nouvelles raies a été ajustée simultanément avec les données de la littérature utilisant 396 paramètres effectifs dont la pertinence a été examinée. La déviation standard sans dimension est de 1.07.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
57

Effects of Rotation on the Flow Structure in a Compressor Cascade

Ventosa-Molina, Jordi, Koppe, Björn, Lange, Martin, Mailach, Ronald, Fröhlich, Jochen 08 May 2023 (has links)
In turbomachines, rotors and stators differ by the rotation of the former. Hence, half of each stage is directly influenced by rotation effects. The influence of rotation on the flow structure and its impact on the performance is studied through wall-resolving large Eddy simulations of a rotor with large relative tip gap size. The simulations are performed in a rotating frame with rotation accounted for through a Coriolis force term. In a first step, experimental results are used to provide validation. The main part of the study is the comparison of the results from two simulations, one representing the rotating configuration and one with the Coriolis force removed, without any other change. This setup allows a very clean assessment of the influence of rotation. The turbulence-resolving approach ensures that the turbulent flow features are well represented. The results show a significant impact of rotation on the secondary flow. In the tip region, the tip leakage vortex is enlarged and destabilized. Inside the tip gap, the flow is altered as well, with uniformization in the rotating case. At the blade midspan, no significant effects are observed on the suction side, while an earlier transition to turbulence is found on the pressure side. Near the hub, rotation effects are shown to reduce the corner separation significantly.
58

P120 – MEMS-gyroskop i rengöringsrobot : Undersöka möjligheten att använda ett MEMS-gyroskop för att säkerställa rak kurs hos poolrengöringsroboten W2000 under drift. / P120 – MEMS-gyroscope in cleaning robot

Eliasson, Dennis, Logge, Marika January 2018 (has links)
Detta projekt syftar till att undersöka om det går att kurskorrigera en av Weda AB:s poolrengöringsrobotar med hjälp av ett MEMS-gyroskop. Den valda rengöringsroboten styrs idag av en PLC, och konceptet är att komplettera styrenheten med ett MEMS gyroskop som kan detektera kursavvikelser. Undersökandet av möjligheterna för implementeringen börjar med att samla information om MEMS gyroskopens funktion och i vilka tekniker de används idag. Vidare utförs beräkningar mot Wedas definition av rak kurs, det resulterade i för höga krav på känsligheten i gyroskopet. Trots det otillfredsställande resultatet beslutar Weda att projektet ska fortsätta undersöka gyroskopets möjligheter. En marknadsundersöknings med 9 tillverkningsföretag genomförs i syfte att se vad marknaden erbjuder för MEMS gyroskop idag. Sedan konsulteras distribueringsföretaget Avnet som bidrar med sina kunskaper, erfarenheter och rekommendationer för konceptet. Ett av de framstående gyroskopen i undersökningen användes för att genomföra två tester. Syftet av dem var att simulera olika situationer som rengöringsroboten kan utsättas för. Resultatet visar att repetitionsnoggrannheten är god men att gyroskopet inte är tillförlitligt i låga hastigheter, vilket är en dålig egenskap för rengöringsroboten W2000 som körs med en hastighet 0,2 m/s. Testresultatet diskuterades med Bosch och dem tror att gyroskopets automatiska kalibrering är orsaken till att det inte ger tillförlitliga mätdata vid låga hastigheter. / During this project the possibilities to monitor and adjust the direction of a pool cleaning robot with a MEMS gyroscope are evaluated. The robot chosen for the evaluation is manufactured by Weda AB. The concept is to add a MEMS gyroscope to the robot, which will give the control unit (PLC) feedback regarding the direction of the robot. The evaluation includes general information about MEMS gyroscopes, where they are used, common built in errors etc. To be able to select a suitable MEMS gyroscope the needed sensitivity is calculated. The needed sensitivity is based on requirements from Weda AB. The evaluation also includes a market survey which shows that the needed sensitivity cannot be fulfilled by products available on the market. The market survey is based on nine manufacturing companies and a recommendation from a distribution company called Avnet. One of the prominent MEMS gyroscopes was used to carry out two tests. The tests were designed to mimic motions of the pool cleaning robot. The test result shows that the gyroscope has good repetition accuracy, but it is not trustworthy when the rotation speed is low. The test result was discussed with the manufacturer and they think that the non positive result is caused by the automatic calibration.
59

Numerical Investigation of Thermal Performance for Rotating High Aspect Ratio Serpentine Passages

Haugen, Christina G. M. January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
60

Effet des conditions aux limites et analyse multi-échelles en mécanique des fluides, chromatographie et électromagnétisme

Gisclon, Marguerite 07 December 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Ce texte de synthèse a pour but de présenter l'´évolution de mes recherches postèrieures à ma thèse. Ce travail s'articule autour de plusieurs axes de recherche dans le cadre des équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires et en particulier des lois de conservation.<br />Il s'inscrit dans l'étude des problèmes hyperboliques, des problème mixtes et des équations cinétiques. Les domaines d'application sont la mécanique des fluides ou du solide, la propagation de composants chimiques, l'électromagnétisme, l'optique.<br />Mon activité concerne d'abord la modélisation de phénomènes physiques ou chimiques sous forme d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires telles que les équations de Bloch, Korteweg, Navier-Stokes, Saint-Venant, puis vient l'étude mathématique de ces équations à travers les<br />problèmes d'existence, d'unicité, de régularité avec éventuellement la mise au point de méthodes numériques de résolution.<br /> Ce document est divisé en une introduction générale et trois chapitres qui concernent respectivement les systèmes hyperboliques avec conditions aux limites et la chromatographie, les problèmes d'analyse asymptotique et enfin les méthodes cinétiques.<br />Dans chaque partie, un historique et une présentation des différents résultats mathématiques sont faits et quelques problèmes ouverts sont donnés.

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