Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-19T11:55:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação.pdf: 6509385 bytes, checksum: 4e73929fd551df58ba1478f503e9bb9f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-19T11:55:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação.pdf: 6509385 bytes, checksum: 4e73929fd551df58ba1478f503e9bb9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-10 / Introdução: A Osteoartrite (OA) de mãos é uma doença articular com alta prevalência no Brasil e no mundo. É caracterizada por desgaste dos tecidos articulares e sintomas de dor, rigidez e limitação do movimento. Tem um alto potencial limitante por prejudicar a função manual e, consequentemente, a participação do indivíduo nas atividades do dia a dia, o que resulta em impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. O tratamento é voltado para o controle dos sintomas e, entre as modalidades não farmacológicas, estão as indicações de recursos de tecnologia assistiva, como por exemplo, os dispositivos de assistência (DA). Este recurso é utilizado com frequência na prática clínica dos Terapeutas Ocupacionais a fim de proteger as articulações adoecidas durante a realização das atividades do dia a dia, no entanto, poucos estudos que avaliem o efeito deste tratamento são encontrados na literatura. A nossa hipótese foi que os indivíduos com OA de mãos que usassem esse recurso, teriam melhora na função manual e no desempenho ocupacional. Objetivo:Avaliar os efeitos do uso de DA no desempenho ocupacional e na função manual de indivíduos com OA de mãos. Método:Tratase de um ensaio clínico randomizado, prospectivo, paralelo, cego para avaliadores, no qual foram comparados os desfechos antes e após as intervenções com os participantes que receberam os DA (grupo intervenção) e os participantes que receberam folheto de orientações (grupo controle), assim como comparados os resultados entre os grupos. A intervenção foi realizada através de um grupo de autocuidado que tinha como objetivo promover o conhecimento da patologia, ensinar técnicas de proteção articular com ênfase no uso de DA e treinar o uso dos dispositivos ofertados a fim de incluí-los na rotina dos indivíduos. Foram considerados desfechos primários o desempenho ocupacional, mensurado pela Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional (COPM) e a função manual avaliada por meio do Índice de Avaliação e Quantificação das Afecções Reumáticas Crônicas das Mãos(SACRAH). Os desfechos secundários foram dor medida pela Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e a qualidade de vida mensurada pelo WOQHOL-bref, além dos dados obtidos pelos diários de analgésicos e diários dos DA. Todos foram avaliados no momento basal, 30 e 90 dias após a avaliação inicial. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa.Resultados: Dos 39 pacientes incluídos, 19 foram alocados para o grupo intervenção e 20 para o grupo controle. Apenas 2 pacientes do grupo controle não concluíram o seguimento. Mostrou-se que a função manual, o desempenho ocupacional, a dor e a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos com OA de mãos melhoraram após a intervenção (SACRAH – p< 0,001; COPM – p< 0,001; EVA – p < 0,001; WHOQOL – bref – p< 0,026). Quando comparados os resultados entre os grupos, houve diferença estatística no COPM (desempenho – p<0,001 e satisfação– p < 0,001), na primeira reavaliação realizada. Conclusão: O uso de DA se mostrou uma estratégia não farmacológica eficaz no tratamento da OA de mãos, apontada nesse estudo pela melhora do desempenho ocupacional e da função manual dos indivíduos. / Introduction: Hand osteoarthritis is a joint disease with high occurrence in Brazil and all over the world. Articular tissue wear characterize the disease, as well as symptoms of pain, stiffness, and limitation of movement. It has a high limiting potential as it harms regular hand function, hence harming the individual’s participation in daily activities, resulting in a negative impact on quality of life. The treatment aims to control symptoms and, among the non-pharmacological methods, there are recommendations of Assistive Technology resources, such as Assistive Devices. This resource is typical on Occupational Therapists’ clinical practice, with the goal to protect the affected joints during the execution of daily activities. However, few studies evaluating the treatment effect are available in the literature. Our hypothesis is that individuals with hand osteoarthritis and using this resource would have improved hand function and occupational performance. Objective: Verify the effects of a self-care program focusing on Assistive Devices in occupational performance and hand function with individuals having hand osteoarthritis. Method: A random, prospective, parallel, blind for evaluators, clinical trial in which were compared the results before and after the interventions of volunteers who received the Assistive Devices (intervention group) and the volunteers who received the orientation booklet,as well as the results between the groups. The intervention was implementedthrough a self-care program that had the objective of promoting knowledge of the pathology, teaching about joint-protection techniques with emphasis on the Assistive Devices usage, and training the users of the offered devices with the goal of including them inthe individuals’ routine. The primary results were the occupational performance, measured by the COPM – Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, and the hand function evaluated using SACRAH. The secondary results were pain, measured by the Analogical Visual Scale (EVA), and quality of life measured by WHOQOLBREF, in addition to the data obtained in the analgesic diaries, and assistive devices diaries. Evaluations occurred in the initial moment, 30 and 90 days after initial evaluation. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: From the 39 patients included, 19 were assigned to the intervention group and 20 to the control group. Only 2 patients of the control group did not finish the segment. It was shown that hand function,occupational performance, pain and life quality of the individuals affected by hand osteoarthritis improved after intervention (SACRAH - p < 0,001; COPM - p < 0,001; EVA – p < 0,001; WHOQOLBREF – p < 0,026). When compared to the results between the groups, there was statistical difference on COPM (performance - p <0,001 and satisfaction p < 0,001), at the first reevaluation. Conclusion: The self-care program with emphasis in the Assistive Devices showed itself as an effective non-pharmacological strategy for hand osteoarthritis, chosen in this study by the improvement on occupational performance and individuals’ hand function.

Paralelamente à transição demográfica, a prevalência do trauma em idosos tem aumentado de forma significativa nos últimos anos. O trauma, não raras vezes está associado à seqüelas, incapacidades, deficiências e mesmo à diminuição da capacidade funcional, representando um prejuízo na qualidade de vida das vítimas e suas famílias devido à perda da autonomia e independência, tornando–se uma importante questão social , econômica e de saúde. Deste modo, o presente estudo teve como objetivo geral, avaliar a independência funcional de idosos vítimas de fratura, na admissão hospitalar, alta e um mês após o regresso ao domicílio e verificar suas relações com as variáveis sociais e de saúde. Participaram do estudo 34 idosos com idade média de 75,47 anos, hospitalizados na Unidade de Trauma-Geriatria ou Pronto Socorro do Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, vítimas de fratura. Os dados foram coletados pela pesquisadora por meio de entrevistas para a caracterização biodemográfica e pela aplicação da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF). A aplicação da MIF se deu em três momentos: até 48 horas após a internação, na alta hospitalar e após um mês do regresso do idoso ao domicílio, desta vez por meio de contato telefônico. Da totalidade, 82,4% dos idosos se declararam brancos, 52,9% eram do sexo feminino, apenas 11,8% referiram prática regular de atividade física. Quanto ao trauma: a fratura de fêmur predominou representando 67,6% das fraturas, sendo 53% fraturas transtrocanterianas e 39% do colo de fêmur. A queda no ambiente doméstico foi o principal mecanismo de trauma. O tempo médio de permanência hospitalar foi de 15,47 dias. A modalidade de tratamento empregada foi essencialmente cirúrgica com destaque para o DHS (parafuso dinâmico de quadril) e as artroplastias parciais e totais de quadril. Quanto à independência funcional: houve um aumento considerável nas médias dos valores da MIF motor e total no momento da alta, comparado à admissão; em contrapartida houve uma diminuição dos valores médios da MIF total um mês após regresso ao domicílio. Observou-se que a incapacidade funcional aumentou com a idade e uma significativa associação entre maiores comprometimentos funcionais e maiores dias de internação. A presença contínua de acompanhante constituiu-se em um fator protetor contra o declínio funcional. O hipotireoidismo, a demência e a depressão foram associados à menores scores da MIF motora. O presente estudo aponta ainda para o fato de que a maioria dos idosos voltou para a comunidade com necessidade de alguma forma de assistência para os cuidados pessoais, mobilidade e locomoção, acentuando assim a importância do papel da família / With the demographic transition, the prevalence of trauma in aged have increased considerably at the ultimate years. The trauma, is often related to , injuries, impairments, deficiencies , and also to the decrease of the functional capacity, representing a damage in the victims’ quality of life and their families due to the loss of the autonomy and independence, becoming an important social, economic and health question. Thus this study had as main objective to evaluate the functional independence of the aged victims of fractures, at admission, discharge and after one month from the regress to home and verify the relation with social and health questions. 34 aged about 75,47 years old took part of the study, they were inpatient of the Trauma- Geriatric or Emergency room of the Orthopedic and Traumatologyc Institute of the University of São Paulo’s Medicine School, all aged were victims of fracture. Data were collected by the researcher by means of and interview intending a biodemographic characterization and by the application of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The application of the FIM occurred in three times: until 48 hours after the admission, at the discharge and after one month from the regress to home this time by a telephone contact.82,4% of the aged declared theirselves as Caucasian, 52,9% were female, only 11,8% refered regular practice of physical activity. Related to the trauma: the femur fracture prevailed representing 67,6% of the fractures, 53% were transtrochanteric fractures and 39% were femur neck fractures. The fall at home was the main trauma mechanism. Mean time of hospitalization was 15,47 days. The modality of treatment used was essentially surgical, it was remarkable the use of the DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) and the total or parcial hip artroplasty. Related to the functional independence: there was a remarkable increase of the motor and total FIM scores at the discharge compared to the admission, on the other hand, there was a decrease of the total FIM one month after the regress to home. It was noticed that the functional impairment increased with the age and also an expressive relation between the functional impairment and a long time of hospitalization. The presence of a companion was a protector factor against the functional impairment. The hipotireoidism, the demencia and the depression were associated to lower scores of motor FIM. This study show us that the majority of the aged returned to the community demanding some modality of assistance for self-care, mobility and locomotion, emphasizing the importance of the family care

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats var att utveckla kunskap om yrkesverksamma kvinnors upplevelser av smartphones inverkan i dagliga aktiviteter. Metod: Datainsamlingen genomfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer där 15 kvinnor i yrkesverksam ålder intervjuades. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes för att analysera insamlad data där meningsbärande enheter togs ut som kondenserades och kodades vilka bildade fyra kategorier. Resultat: i) Smartphone: Hjälpmedel eller begränsning i aktivitet, ii) Smartphone och parallella aktiviteter, iii) Smartphone i sociala aktiviteter, iiii) Nåbar och uppkopplad i aktivitet. Resultatet visade att smartphonen var en integrerad del i deltagarnas liv som tog mycket tid men som även underlättande utförandet av dagliga aktiviteter. Smartphonen upplevdes många gånger som en fördel för att uppnå en effektiv och smidig vardag, både i arbetet och under fritiden. De upplevde den dock som ett hinder när den medvetet eller omedvetet bidrog till att andra viktiga och värdefulla aktiviteter inte genomfördes eller prioriterades bort på grund av smartphonen. Slutsats: Smartphones inverkade stödjande och hindrande i utförandet av kvinnors dagliga aktiviteter. Med stöd av de funktioner som smartphonen erbjuder, kan människors delaktighet i samhället möjliggöras då mycket av samhällets aktiviteter idag delvis bygger på en uppkopplad teknik. Normer och etiska principer växer successivt fram om hur smartphones ska användas i dagliga aktiviteter och vad den har för betydelse i människors vardag. Studien visade att smartphones har en stor inverkan på kvinnors dagliga aktiviteter. / Aim: The aim of this study was to develop knowledge about the experiences of how smartphones influenced the daily activities of working women. Method: 15 women in working age were interviewed, using a semi-structured design. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Sentences were taken out, condensed and coded and in the end resulted in four categories. Results: i) Smartphone: Resource or limitation, ii) Smartphones and parallel activities, iii) Smartphones in social activities, iiii) Reachable and connected online in activity. The results showed that smartphones had an impact in women's daily activities. The smartphone was an integrated part of women's activities and could both be taking time from some activities but also be an important part of its performance. Many times it could make activities easier to perform and more effective, in both work- and leisure activities. However it could affect the person's focus and interrupt their performance of activities. The participants found that the smartphone could, consciously or not, be detrimental to the performance of tasks that have been subjectively more important for them. Conclusion: In women's daily activities, smartphones could both have a supportive impact as well as limitative in the performance of activities. The smartphones' functions serve to facilitate greater cohesion with society, since it is more reliant on everyday technology. Norms and ethical principles are successively growing on how smartphones are adequately used in peoples' lives. This study showed that smartphones had a great impact in women's daily activities.

Abstract   Aim This study aimed to determine what is known from the existing literature about parental guidance during occupational therapy to promote the participation of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in everyday activities. Method  The scoping review methodology was used to gather existing information on the topic. The following databases were used for searches: The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and MEDLINE.  Results Ten studies were included in this study, as they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the selected studies were thematically organised. Three key elements emerged from the results that promoted the participation of children with ASD in everyday life activities: increased knowledge and awareness of parents; new practices and changes in everyday life; supporting and strengthening parenting.  Conclusion  The findings of this study suggest that parents have a central role to play in promoting child participation. Parental guidance is an ideal way to promote the participation of ASD children in everyday activities, as parents are involved in children’s daily lives and influence children’s natural environments. The results of this study can be utilized in occupational therapy practice for the implementation of interventions. Keywords: ASD, children with ASD, daily activities, involvement, occupational therapy, parental guidance

The thesis deals with the socio-spatial transformation of the Prague district Karlin. This post- socialist and post-industrial developing dynamic district has changed its character in the recent decades. I follow on from the post-socialist theories that perceive the city of the so- called hybrid perspectives. These theories reveal it as a whole and take into account the everyday experience of the changing city. I describe these experiences of the inhabitants and visitors of Karlin with the concepts of social production and social construction, which combine the macroanalysis of social, economic and political influences and the microanalysis of individual living experience. I work on the assumption at the same time that the socio- spatial change manifests itself in the everyday activities of people and their rhythmicity which is the result of social construction and the production of urban space. The aim of the thesis is to describe the socio-spatial change through the example of Karlin Square with the analysis of rhythmicity. I use several qualitative methods of urban studies. In particular, I use the following methods: semi-structured interviews with mental mapping, participating observations and diaries

Naturalistic developmental behavioural interventions (NDBI) are a group of evidence-based early interventions for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Caregivers can be trained to deliver NDBI strategies during interactions with their young child with ASD. However, NDBI research predominantly comes from high-income countries, and the evidence base for NDBI in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) and across cultures is lacking. To understand the ‘fit' of an NDBI approach in LMICs, it is crucial to understand and be able to measure the nature of interactions between caregivers and their children with ASD and the context wherein caregiver-child interactions occur. This study sought a) to evaluate the utility of a specific measure of caregiver-child dyadic interactions and b) to examine daily routines in which caregiver-child interactions occurred in low-resource South African contexts. Methodology Children with ASD (between 18-72 months old) and their ≥18-year-old caregivers were recruited under a larger project. Interactions of 21 caregiver-child dyads were video-recorded using a standardised parent-child interaction (PCI) protocol with two 6-minute-long free-play sessions (Part I: child explored the room and available toys while the caregiver remained seated; Part II: caregiver interacted with their child as they would at home). Two research-reliable raters rated the videos using 16 items from the Joint Engagement Rating Inventory (JERI), a 7-point Likert scale behavioural coding system. Reliability and descriptive analyses were conducted. Structured interviews were conducted with ten caregivers using the Parent Survey of Home and Family Experiences (PSHFE) to explore the context of daily routines. Descriptive analyses were performed. Results For caregiver-child interactions, observer agreement for 12 of 16 items was reasonable, with weighted kappas (within 1 scale point) of 0.66-1, an estimated accuracy of 88-99%, and percentage agreements of 75-100% for all items. Ratings for items across Parts I and II of the JERI showed variability without any ceiling effects. Six items showed floor effects. Most caregiver item ratings were at the mid-point of the 7-point Likert scale. In Part II, children used more expressive language and paid more attention to their caregivers. On the PSHFE, most children participated daily in various child routines, play and early literacy activities with mothers as main partners. Most children never participated in spiritual and community activities, typically due to the child's age, safety and other reasons not specified in interview response categories. Conclusion Reliability, floor/ceiling, behavioural and Part I vs Part II profiles suggested that the JERI, used for the first time in a South African context, has potential utility both to describe caregiver-child interactions and be used as an intervention outcome measure in LMICs. The PSHFE results provided contextual data of common daily activities into which NDBI strategies could be embedded to support child generalisation of skills in South Africa.

This report is the result of several interviews of employees within the field of pedagogy. The background behind this report is my period as a trainee in one of the daily activities in Malmo. In daily activities the employers gets training, education and guidance in Marte meo, which is funded by public finances. The method, which this study focuses upon is called Marte meo. It is a method of communicating and developing the means for the participants to evolve their skills in communicating and increase self esteem. In my time as a trainee I noticed that there was no follow up and no feedback to the educators. Nobody knew if the method was, in any way practiced. This study confirms that it in fact is practiced, but in several different ways, which leads to the conclusion that the qualities in the method is many and different from each other . The focus of this report lies completely on the employers in the daily activities. They have been given the opportunity to freely describe in detail how Marte meo is practiced, the pro's and con's of Marte meo and in which way the relations with the participants effect the professional pedagogy.

O objeto dessa pesquisa é o processo de significação construído acerca do Festival Internacional de Inverno de Campos do Jordão nas vivências sociais de músicos da comunidade local. Sabemos que o festival é um evento artístico e cultural que envolve diferentes instituições e pessoas, e pode ser estudado por diversos ângulos. Aqui nos interessa observá-lo a partir de um estudo psicossocial com os seguintes objetivos: 1. Compreender as significações do evento neste público específico; 2. Refletir sobre as relações estabelecidas entre os sujeitos e o Festival. A Psicologia Social da Arte contribui na compreensão dos meandros da vida social através do olhar e da escuta às vivências que pulsam nas relações dos sujeitos com a arte. Desnaturalizando o conceito de social, compreendido por muitos como simples sociabilidade, a Psicologia favorece a compreensão dessas relações quando toma por objeto o social como um campo problemático que possui uma historicidade e que é forjado a partir de uma configuração específica de práticas que variam de acordo com as características de cada coletividade humana. Campos do Jordão é uma cidade brasileira que apesar de apresentar níveis de riqueza elevados, não é capaz de atingir bons indicadores sociais. É uma cidade de paradoxos: casas, condomínios, hotelaria e comércio de luxo por um lado; casebres, morros e encostas habitadas irregularmente, 80% da população com renda de até 05 salários mínimos de outro. Está entre as cidades brasileiras onde as diferenças sociais são mais claramente perceptíveis. Os resultados apontam para a ausência de relações formais entre os músicos e o Festival uma vez que nenhum deles chegou a participar como músico. Entretanto essa ausência não é vazia. Ao contrário, ela é permeada de significados como tristeza, ressentimento, distanciamento, mas também intercalada de esperança e desejo de participar e se apropriar como sujeito atuante. As reflexões apontam para a necessária mudança de atitudes, de nosso olhar, frente às formas como a arte e a produção artística são organizadas em nosso país para que em breve haja muitos exemplos e trabalhos que contemplem a transformação social através do viver artístico. / The meaning process built about The Campos do Jordão International Winter Festival in resident musicians social living is the object of this research. We do know that the festival is an artistic and cultural event which involves different institutions and people and it can be studied through different scopes. We are interested here to look upon it from a psychosocial study whose objectives are: 1. Understand the meanings of the event from the specific subjects speech; 2. Reflect about the relations established between the musicians and the Festival. The Social Psychology of Art contributes to the comprehension of social life through a view and listening to life which pulses among people and arts. Denaturalizing the social concept, understood as a simple sociability by many people, the Social Psychology favors the comprehension of the relations between people (and arts). It takes the social as a historicity field that is forged through specific practices that vary depending on the characteristics of each human society. Campos do Jordão is a Brazilian city that despite presenting high rich levels cannot reach good social index-finger. It is a city of paradoxes: in one side we can see luxury houses, condominium, five stars hotels and expensive stores, in the other we can see humble habitation, mount and hillside irregularly occupied, 80% of resident population receiving low salaries. It is certainly one of Brazilian cities where the social differences can be clearer seen. The results of the research point to the absence of formal relation between the festival and the resident musicians once none of them has ever participated as a musician. However this absence is not empty of meanings. On the contrary, it is full of feelings like sadness, resentment and being far away from the festival. But we also could see hope, wish of belonging and acting as active subjects. The reflections point to a necessary change of attitude and look to the forms art and artistic production is organized in Brazil. In this way we hope to have many examples and works which contemplate the social changing through the arts.

Introdução: O processo de desenvolvimento infantil é dinâmico e influenciado pela interação de fatores biológicos e ambientais, que podem atuar como fatores de risco ou proteção. Estratégias de promoção do desenvolvimento podem minimizar os riscos e potencializar a proteção, ao favorecer o cuidado adequado. Isso é especialmente importante para crianças vulneráveis, como as nascidas prematuras, dado que a prematuridade é um fator preditor para alterações ou atrasos no desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Sistematizar as bases teóricas e operacionais do cuidado à criança nascida prematura, compor e validar material de educação em saúde para a promoção de seu desenvolvimento funcional. Método: Estudo metodológico, com abordagem mista, exploratório e analítico. Mediante revisão integrativa da literatura sobre desenvolvimento funcional de crianças prematuras e um estudo qualitativo com famílias, foram organizadas as bases teóricas e operacionais do cuidado para a promoção do desenvolvimento. Esse conteúdo orientou a construção de um material educativo para apoio e orientação às famílias. O material educativo foi submetido à cuidadores e profissionais-juízes para validação, mediante estratégias participativas. Os juízes, selecionados na plataforma Lattes, responderam a um web-questionário, ou participaram de um grupo focal. Os cuidadores familiares, convidados em serviços de acompanhamento de prematuros, participaram de grupos focais. Os referenciais teóricos foram a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e a Educação Popular e Saúde. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temático e os quantitativos à análise descritiva; definiu-se 80% como índice de concordância. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 53 profissionais, sendo 45 da área de saúde e nove da área de comunicação e educação, e 16 cuidadores. O material educativo teve grande aceitação; foi validado pelos profissionais da saúde e cuidadores familiares, que relataram interesse em aplicá-lo em sua prática e compartilhá-lo com outras famílias. Não alcançou 80% de concordância entre os profissionais das áreas de educação e da comunicação, que apresentaram críticas em relação ao projeto gráfico. Seu título - História de Sofia: Batalhas e conquistas da família no cuidado e desenvolvimento da criança prematura - foi considerado representativo da experiência pelas famílias, assim como seu conteúdo foi julgado esclarecedor, útil e completo. Todos os cuidadores e a maioria dos profissionais destacaram o encarte - Quadro de habilidades funcionais, como principal inovação e fonte de informações para uso contínuo no acompanhamento e promoção do desenvolvimento da criança. As famílias consideraram a linguagem do material clara e acessível, e seu conteúdo realístico em relação às suas vivências, refletindo sua experiência e principais questões em relação à temática abordada, atendendo, assim, a uma lacuna na orientação aos cuidados para promoção do desenvolvimento da criança nascida prematura. Adicionalmente, relataram que o processo de validação do material foi um importante espaço de troca de experiências. Os participantes recomendaram resumir alguns trechos, o que foi efetivado na versão final. Conclusões: Os referenciais teóricos e estratégias metodológicas mostraram-se robustos e consistentes para identificar os conteúdos que compuseram o material educativo, bem como para sua validação. O material educativo produzido tem potencial para apoiar famílias na promoção do desenvolvimento de crianças nascidas prematuras. / Introduction: The child development process is dynamic and influenced by the interaction of biological and environmental factors, which can act as risk factors or protection factors. Promoting development strategies can minimize the risks and maximize protection, to support an appropriate care. This is especially important for vulnerable children, such as preterm newborn, because the prematurity is a predictor factor for alterations or delays in the development. Objective: To systematize the theoretical and the operational bases of care of preterm children, to compose and to validate a health educational material for the promotion of functional development of them. Method: this is a methodological study, with mixed approach, exploratory and analytical ones. Through an integrative review of the literature about functional development of premature children, and from a qualitative study with preterm children relatives, it was organized, a theoretical and operational guideline of care in order to promote a better development of preterm children. The educational material was submitted to caregivers and professionals-judges for validation through participatory strategies. The judges selected by lattes platform, answered to a webquestionnaire, or have been participated of a focus group about the theme. Family caregivers, guests that work in premature follow-up services, have also participated of the focus groups. The theoretical references were Bioecological Theory of Human Development and the Popular Education and Health. Qualitative data were submitted to a content analysis and the quantitative data were submitted to descriptive analysis; It was defined a rate concordance as 80%. Results: The study included 53 professionals, being 45 of them from health area and 9 from communication and education area, and 16 caregivers. The educational material was widely accepted; it was validated by health professionals, and family caregivers. These people reported interest in applying it on their practice and to share it with other relatives. It has not reached 80% of agreement among professionals in the fields of education and communication, which presented some considerations about the graphic design. Its title History of Sofia: Battles and achievements of family in the care and in the development of preterm children, it was considerate as representative of the family experiences, as well as its content was deemed informative, useful and complete. All caregivers and the majority of the professionals highlighted the pullout- Table of functional skills- as the principal innovation and the main source of information for continuous use in the monitoring and promotion of child development. Children relatives considered the language of the material clear and accessible, and that it is real the content of the material in relation to their experiences, and key issues in relation to the theme, then covering, a gap related to the care of preterm children development. In addition, they reported that the process of validation of the material was an important to change experiences. Participants recommended summarizing some information, which was done in the final version of the material. Conclusions: The theoretical framework and the methodological strategies seems to be robust and consistent to identify the content that compose the educational material, as well as its validation. This educational material seems to give an important support for families in promoting the development of preterm infants.

Captar a atuação cotidiana do profissional enfermeiro e suas representações sociais no contexto institucional psiquiátrico, foi o objetivo desta pesquisa. Neste cotidiano, o enfermeiro está envolvido com conflitos, tensões, contradições, ambivalência e polissemia. Utilizou-se um instrumento projetivo (TSC), com 16 cenas que retratam a atuação do enfermeiro no contexto institucional. Nas duas etapas de coleta dos dados, os sujeitos participantes eram 17 enfermeiros assistenciais de cinco instituições psiquiátricas do município de Ribeirão Preto e 17 enfermeiros pós-graduandos [ensino e pesquisa], doutorandos em Enfermagem Psiquiátrica, atendendo aos critérios éticos. Os achados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo e à análise léxica do ALCESTE, com o suporte teórico das Representações Sociais. Os resultados mostram que o enfermeiro atua junto ao doente mental utilizando-se de artifícios mediados pelas relações técnicas, interpessoais, interacionais e institucionais. Considerando as permanências e diversidades de sua atuação, observa-se o afastamento do enfermeiro do objeto central do seu trabalho, o doente mental. Os elementos periféricos sustentam sua posição, percebida através das metáforas da atuação como controle, poder, limites e saber. Emanam desses resultados as representações sociais polêmicas, mediadas pela teoria implícita da dissonância cognitiva. / This research aimed at finding out the nurse’s performance and its social representations in the psychiatric institutional context. In his daily activities, the nurse becomes involved in conflicts, tension, contradiction, ambivalence and polysemy. A projection tool (TSC) comprising sixteen scenes, which portray the nurse’s performance in the institutional context, was used. The data were gathered from a sample of seventeen social nurses from five psychiatric institutions of Ribeirão Preto and seventeen postgraduate nurses who has been attending the Doctor’s Degree Program in Psychiatric Nursing. The findings were submitted to content and ALCESTE lexical analyses, guided by studies of social representations. The results of this research show the way nurse treats his mental ill patients is linked to technical, interpersonal, interacting and institutional relationships. Consequently, one can notice the nurse keeps himself away from his main object, that is, the mental ill, if the permanence and diversity of his performance is considered. The peripheral elements support nurse’s performance and this can be perceived through such metaphors as control, power, limits and knowing. Thus, controversial social representations, mediated by implicit theory of cognitive dissonance, are present in the results of this research.