Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 570100 bytes, checksum: b66e6798633f8d45e615b033e2c29557 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / It is research in which we analyze the interaction and change of daily life in the city of Sand at the completion of the Festival of Arts in council in the 70s. To make this analysis based on social relations in the small town, with its codes and symbols, and uses the theoretical and social Norbert Elias and Michel de Certeau to understand the webs in the chain of events, which includes a Festival of Arts, though a short period of time, elements hitherto alien to the residents living in Sand. We refer also to the "Age of Festivals" and the troubled military regime in Brazil to understand the historical context in which the Festival happen and fight for the youth of the time free speech. We analyze reports of artists and residents of the city, together with based on social theories, to identify the interference of the individual in relation Festivals / Areia. We are of daily life in the city during our research that the council has already considered, in the nineteenth century, important cultural itinerary traders who came to the States of Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte and the festivals held in the 1970s to nurture cultural openness and some improvement of knowledge to others, involving the local population, been losing strength in the 1980s revival and with other characteristics in mid 90s, giving rise to the festivals of brega music that characterizes the city today. / Trata-se de pesquisa em que analisamos a interação e mudança de cotidiano da cidade de Areia por ocasião da realização dos Festivais de Arte naquele município na década de 70. Para fazer esta análise tomamos como base as relações sociais na pequena cidade, com seus códigos e símbolos, e recorremos a teóricos sociais como Norbert Elias e Michel de Certeau para compreender as teias dessa cadeia de acontecimentos, onde um Festival de Artes incorpora, ainda que por pequeno período de tempo, elementos até então estranhos à convivência dos moradores de Areia. Nos reportamos também à "Era dos Festivais" e ao conturbado regime militar no Brasil para entender o contexto histórico em que aconteciam os Festivais e a luta da juventude da época por liberdade de expressão.Analisamos relatos de artistas e também de moradores da cidade para, com base em teorias sociais, identificar a interferência dos Festivais na relação indivíduo/cotidiano na cidade de Areia.Constatamos durante nossa pesquisa que o município já foi considerado, no século XIX, importante roteiro cultural para comerciantes que vinham dos Estados de Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Norte e que os Festivais realizados na década de 1970 oportunizaram abertura cultural para uns e aprimoramento de conhecimentos para outros, envolvendo a população local, vindo a perder força na década de 1980 e ressurgindo com outras características em meados anos 90, dando lugar aos festivais de música brega que caracterizam a cidade hoje.

A Reforma Psiquiátrica é um processo de transformações que vem inquietando os profissionais da área da Saúde e alguns seguimentos da sociedade. Isto porque, as transformações paradigmáticas que estão ocorrendo no campo da saúde mental pressupõem a presença de profissionais com uma postura inovadora e criativa para desenvolverem no cotidiano práticas que concretizem a proposta de desinstitucionalização. No Paraná, continua sendo um desafio: para as universidades, o desafio é a formação de profissionais com uma concepção do novo paradigma que se comprometam com o processo; para os gestores, o entendimento do processo priorizando ações de assistência à saúde mental e, para os profissionais, a tenacidade em insistir na efetivação, apesar das adversidades. Na região oeste do Estado, a mobilização para implantar a reforma intensificou-se nos últimos cinco anos com o fechamento de um dos hospitais da região e a criação de novos dispositivos de atenção à saúde mental. Nesse contexto, os enfermeiros deparam-se com o desafio de refletir sobre seus conceitos e sua atuação profissional. O presente estudo buscou conhecer a concepção dos enfermeiros sobre o processo da Reforma Psiquiátrica e o seu cotidiano nesses serviços. Ao ser considerada a complexidade do momento, foram elencados dois objetivos: descrever a prática cotidiana dos enfermeiros nos serviços de assistência à saúde mental na região oeste do Estado do Paraná; relacionar e analisar a prática destes enfermeiros com as propostas da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com a estratégia metodológica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A investigação foi por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada, com treze enfermeiros, compreendendo a totalidade destes profissionais nos serviços de saúde mental da região no período de agosto de 2006 a janeiro de 2007. O conteúdo deu origem a 17 Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo, que apontaram para oito temas geradores de significações: qualidade de vida, envolvimento profissional/social, necessidade de mudanças na maneira de conduzir o processo, a estrutura da rede de atenção psicossocial, cuidado de enfermagem nos serviços de atenção psicossocial, a família e o processo terapêutico, recursos humanos na atenção psicossocial. Os discursos evidenciaram o acompanhamento crítico do processo da Reforma Psiquiátrica e convergiram com a idéia de que a proposta significa qualidade de vida para os pacientes. A prática cotidiana dos enfermeiros acontece essencialmente na sede do serviço e as ações desenvolvidas são: acolhimento, trabalho com grupos de pacientes e família, monitoramento de oficinas terapêuticas e orientações, sendo esta última a mais mencionada. Percebeu-se que, em concomitância com os esforços dos enfermeiros nas transformações dos serviços de saúde mental, ainda permeiam alguns argumentos próprios do modelo biomédico / The Psychiatric Reformation is a process of transformations that worries the professionals of the health area and some segments of the society. The paradigmatic transformations that are occurring in the field of the mental health, estimate the presence of professionals with an innovative and creative position to develop daily practical activities that will perform the proposal the service not to be institutionalized. In Paraná it continues being a challenge: for the universities, the challenge is the formation of professionals with a conception of the new paradigm who will compromise to the process; for the managers, the agreement of the process prioritizing action of assistance to Mental Health and, for the professionals, the tenacity in insisting in making it effective, even though the adversities. In West region of the state, the mobilization to implant the reform was intensified in the last five years with the closing down of one of the hospitals of the region and the creation of new devices of attention to the mental health. In this context the nurses came across to the challenge to reflect on their concepts and their professional performance. The present study searched to know the conception of the nurses on the process of the psychiatric reform and their daily activities in these services. Considering the complexity of the moment, two objectives had been listed: to describe practical daily activities of the nurses in the services of assistance to the mental health in the West Region of the State of Paraná; to relate and analyze the practical activities of these nurses with the proposals of the psychiatric reform. This is a qualitative research with the methodological strategy of the Speech of the Collective Subject. The research was through half-structuralized interview, with thirteen nurses, understanding the totality of these professionals in the services of mental health of the region, in the period of August of 2006 the January of 2007. The content gave to origin the 17 Speeches of the Collective Subject that led to eight generating subjects of meanings: quality of life, social professional envolvement/, necessity of changes in the way to lead the process, the structure of net of the psicossocial, well-taken care of attention of nursing in the services of psicossocial attention, the family and the therapeutical process, human resources in the psicossocial attention. The speeches had evidenced the critical accompaniment of the process of the psychiatric reform and had converged with the idea that the proposal means quality of life for the patients. Practical daily activities of the nurses happens essentially in the headquarters of the service and the developed actions are: the shelter, the work with groups of patients and family, monitoring of therapeutical workshops and orientations, being the last one the most mentioned one. It was realized that in concurrence with the efforts of the nurses in the transformations of the services of mental health, still some proper arguments of the biomedical model are kept

Orientador: Silvio Donizette de Oliveira Gallo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T09:11:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pizarro_Dione_M.pdf: 593089 bytes, checksum: 4df474da829c5dda4cb17314ce7835fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A partir de minhas experiências como aluna e professora, investigo as transformações e permanências no currículo escolar. Problematizo a pertinência dos projetos inseridos como parte da flexibilização da nova LDB (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação); a abertura das escolas para projetos de inserção dos menos favorecidos e o discurso da inclusão a partir do multiculturalismo e do localismo, ou seja, a partir da realidade sociocognitiva dos alunos. Proponho, frente à gravidade da situação de analfabetismo ou semi-analfabetismo e também, frente à abertura da escola para atividades extra-curriculares e para todo o azar de violências, que a formação dos estudantes seja pautada pelo desenvolvimento da leitura, do aprendizado da norma culta da língua, do aprendizado dos conhecimentos formais mais universais, os quais devem se constituir em objetivo primeiro da escola, como momento de formação e emancipação intelectual individual e de alteridade. Também, insisto na manutenção da escola como o lugar da disciplina na sua positividade, ou seja, como momento de aprendizagem, de produção de saberes emancipatórios por meio do desenvolvimento da leitura e da intertextualidade / Abstract: Taking as starting point my experiences as student and teacher, I research on changes and fixtures in school curriculum. I question the pertinence of projects included as part of the flexibleness derived from the new LDB -Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Law on Education Norms and Foundations); the opening of schools to projects of inclusion of the economically excluded, and the inclusion discourse centered on multiculturalism and localism, that is to say, inclusion based on students¿ socio-cognitive reality. Considering the gravity of students¿ illiteracy and semi-illiteracy as well as the opening of schools to extracurricular activities and to all sorts of violence hazards, I propose that students¿ education should be rooted in the development of reading competence, in the learning of standard Portuguese dialect, in the acquisition of the more universal formal knowledge which must constitute the first and foremost school objective, being school time viewed as the moment for individuals¿ intellectual formation and emancipation, and alterity. Also, I insist on the positive rôle of school as a disciplinary institution in that it provides for the learning and production of emancipating knowledge / Mestrado / Filosofia e História da Educação / Mestre em Educação

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar um levantamento do quantitativo de violência ocorrido no decorrer de quatro anos na cidade de Manaus, sendo de dois anos antes e de dois anos após a criação da Lei Maria Penha, como também pontuar o espaço geográfico com maior concentração de mulheres vítimas dessas violências. Reconhecemos que violência é um problema que sempre esteve presente nos espaços sociais, e que ao longo do tempo vem deixando suas marcas nas vidas dos indivíduos, ela invade o cotidiano das pessoas de diversas formas e independente da classe ou do meio social, constitui-se como um dos fenômenos psicossociais de singular relevância. Muitos estudiosos de diversas áreas aos longos dos séculos vêem colocando em pauta este assunto no sentido de tentar entender e assim bloquear seu avanço na sociedade, porém percebemos que mesmo diante de tantos de esforços não estamos conseguindo encontrar soluções satisfatórias, ora porque não compreendemos o fenômeno em si ora porque as políticas públicas de prevenção a violência são deixadas de lado. O que se nota principalmente nos grandes centros urbanos é o crescimento dos casos e das variedades de agressões, diariamente nas grandes mídias (escrita e televisa) são veiculados noticias envolvendo o tema da violência, portanto, com todas essas nuances ela tem sido um problema que cresce em grande escala e, Manaus como cidade em potencial de crescimento está no rol das metrópoles que convive com este problema, que também é presente no espaço familiar, na qual a mulher é alvo, por este motivo esta pesquisa priorizou o estudo deste fenômeno nos espaços urbanos de Manaus. Visando atender aos objetivos propostos, os dados da pesquisa foram coletados diretamente junto aos serviços de atenção aos direitos da mulher, neste caso a DECCM e o SAPEM. Os dados foram analisados e alocados num banco de dados que serviram para construir gráficos e mapas, este segundo com ajuda do programa Philcarto. A partir dos dados coletados foi possível construir um perfil das vítimas e dos agressores, como também diagnosticar qual o bairro e a zona de maior procedência das mulheres vítimas de violência. Os resultados deste estudo apontam que não houve um aumento significativo de denuncias de casos de violência com a implantação da Lei Maria da Penha, mas foi possível verificar que ocorreu uma grande variação nos tipos de violências denunciadas, e também que a zona que concentra maiores números de mulheres vítimas de violência é a Zona Norte. / This dissertation has as objective show a survey the amount of violence occurring in the course of four years in Manaus, being two years before and two years after the creation of the Law Maria Penha, like also punctuate on geographical space the victims of these violence. We recognize which violence is a problem that was always present in the social spaces, and what along the time is leaving his marks in the lives of the individuals, the violence invades the daily life of the persons in several forms and independently of the social class, sets itself as a psychosocial phenomena of singular relevance. Many scholars from several areas along the centuries has observing putting in list this subject in the sense of trying to understand and block his advancement in the society, however we realize that even before so many of efforts we are not managing to find satisfactory solutions, it prays because we do not understand the phenomenon in you now because the public politics of prevention the violence is set aside. What is noticed principally in the great urbane centres is the growth of the cases and of the variety of aggressions, daily in the great mediae (written and it televises) news is conveyed wrapping the subject of the violence, so, with all these nuances it has been a problem that grows in great scale and, Manaus as city in potential of growth is in the roll of the metropolises that coexists with this problem, which also is present in the familiar space, in which the woman is white, for this motive this inquiry priorizou the study of this phenomenon in the urbane spaces of Manaus. Aiming to pay attention to the proposed objectives, the data of the inquiry were collected straightly near the services of attention to the rights of the woman, in this case the DECCM and it SAP. The data were analysed and allocated in a database that they served to build printers and maps, this second with help of the program Philcarto. From the collected data it was possible to build a profile of the victims and of the aggressors, I eat also victims of violence diagnose which the district and the zone of bigger origin of the women. The results of this study point that there was no a significant increase of denunciations of cases of violence with the introduction of the Law Maria da Penha, but it was possible to check what took place a great variation in the types of violence.

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre o brincar na vida da criança que apresenta uma problemática intelectual, emocional e social. Destaca a Terapia Ocupacional e a contextualiza em relação aos temas presentes nas pesquisas que envolvem criança e deficiência: reabilitação e inclusão social. Apresenta a revisão da literatura sobre a infância e o brincar e delimita o recorte da Terapia Ocupacional: o brincar no cotidiano. Utilizando os fundamentos teóricos de Donald D. Winnicott, parte-se do pressuposto que o brincar é universal e próprio da infância saudável. A deficiência é entendida como uma problemática apresentada pela criança, seja física, intelectual, emocional e/ou social; ou seja, como mais uma das condições que a levará a estabelecer o seu jeito singular de brincar e estar no mundo. O trabalho caracterizase como uma pesquisa empírica, qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais de São Paulo (APAE de São Paulo) através de análise dos prontuários e de entrevistas com as mães. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo, segundo as proposições de Turato (2003). Foram entrevistadas três mães de três crianças que participaram do Programa Arte, Cultura e Esporte da APAE de São Paulo, mais conhecido como projeto PIPA. As falas das mães retrataram a vivência da infância das crianças: brincar, ter amigos, ir à escola, participar de festas e passeios. Observou-se que, das três crianças estudadas, duas encontraram espaços em que brincar e conviver com os pares foi possível, participando da escola, festas e passeios; entretanto, a outra criança ainda tinha apenas o PIPA como lugar possível para brincar, fazendo com que sua mãe continue em busca de um espaço / This work proposes a reflection about the playing experience to a child with intellectual, emotional and social problems. The study emphasizes the Occupational Therapy and contextualizes it in relation to themes of current researches involving children and disabilities: rehabilitation and social inclusion. Presenting a short revision of literature about childhood and play, this study gives the direction of Occupational Therapy intervention: the experience of playing in everyday life. Using the theoretical concepts of Donald D. Winnicott, it is understood that the act of playing is universal and characteristic of a healthy childhood. Disability is seen as a physical, intellectual, emotional and/or social problem presented by the child. It is seen as just one of the conditions that will establish their unique way of playing and being in the world. The investigation is an empirical and qualitative research, which uses the case study methodology. Data was collected at the Association of Parents and Friends of the Handicapped of São Paulo (APAE São Paulo) through examination of medical records and interviews with mothers. The data was analyzed through the technique of content analysis, according to the propositions of Turato (2003). Mothers of three children who took part in the Program Art, Culture and Sport of APAE, known as PIPA Project, were interviewed. They reported the childhood experiences of their children such as playing, making friends, going to school and parties. It was observed that two of the children have found spaces to play and socialize with peers, participating in school, parties and tours; however, one child had only the PIPA Project as a possible place to play, leading his mother to search for a new space

Magie, monstres, vampires, héros, les images de l’extraordinaire sont omniprésentes et fascinent le grand public. Des librairies qui ouvrent à minuit pour la sortie du dernier Harry Potter, des cinémas bondés pour le dernier volet du Hobbit, des manifestations culturelles de plus en plus importantes, une forte expansion des jeux de rôles, ne sont autre que les indices sociétaux d’une évolution des nouvelles manières de vivre la quotidienneté, le présent. En constante mutation, ces « genres fictionnels de l’imaginaire », comme nous les nommons, ont pénétré de multiples sphères de la vie des individus. Dans cette perspective, nous nous attacherons à analyser et comprendre l’intérêt des publics pour ces genres, ce qu’ils suscitent, tant au niveau individuel que collectif. Nous nous positionnerons dans le cadre d’une sociologie compréhensive et utiliserons certains éléments de compréhension fournis par la sociologie de l’imaginaire notamment dans ce qu’elle apporte à l’étude du présentéisme et de l’être ensemble. / Magic, monsters, vampires, heroes, the representations of the extraordinary are pervasive and fascinate the crowd. Bookshops that open at midnight for the release of the last Harry Potter, crowded cinemas for the last movie of the Hobbit trilogy, growing cultural manifestations, role playing games and more, are only symptoms of a societal evolution of new ways to live in our era. In constant mutation, these “fictional literary genres of the imaginary”, as we call them, have penetrated many spheres of people’s lives. In this perspective, we will try to analyze and understand people’s interest for these genres, what they evoke in people’s minds at an individual level and at collective one. We will study this topic in a comprehensive sociology and will use some comprehension elements supplied by the imaginary sociology especially in what it brings to the study of presenteeism.

Background: About 2 percent of people in the world suffers from Fibromyalgia, out of them about 80 percent are women. Common symptoms are pain over a long period of time. Why this illness occurs is still unknown. Other characteristic features of this illness is fatigue, soreness and cognitive problems, such as forgetfulness.   Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe the experience of living with fibromyalgia and to describe the method of data collection in the included articles. Method: Literature review with descriptive design. 13 qualitative articles were included. The articles were acquired through searches in the databases Cinahl and Medline by PubMed.   Main Results: People with fibromyalgia experienced that the pain and fatigue, that their illness caused, changed just about everything in their daily life. Most of them experienced that their psychological well being and social life were affected negatively by the illness. To not be believed or received well by people they met or by healthcare professionals was described as a big problem that happened far too often. This literature review also describe the method of data collection used in the included articles. Eleven out of thirteen articles used interviews as the method for data collection. One article used a questionnaire, and one article used focus group discussion. Conclusions: Descriptions of experiences of living with fibromyalgia has shown that it affects these persons on many levels of their life, both physically, psychologically and socially. The pain and fettique hinders them in their day to day life.  They experience that they are not believed or taken seriously in their daily life, nor in the encounters with healthcare professionals. / Bakgrund: I världen lider cirka 2 procent av befolkningen av fibromyalgi och 80 procent av dessa är kvinnor. De vanligaste symtomen är långvarig smärta med fortfarande okänd orsak till varför sjukdomen uppkommer. Sjukdomen karaktäriseras av onaturlig trötthet, ömhet och kognitiva besvär som att till exempel glömska. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva upplevelsen av att leva med fibromyalgi, samt att beskriva de inkluderade artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetod. Metod: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. Tretton kvalitativa artiklar inkluderades, dessa söktes genom databaserna Cinahl och Medline via PubMed. Huvudresultat: Många av personerna med fibromyalgi upplevde att smärtan och orkeslösheten från deras sjukdom förändrade i stort sett allt i deras vardagliga liv. De flesta upplevde att deras psykiska mående samt sociala liv påverkats negativt av sjukdomen. Att inte bli betrodd eller mottagen på ett bra sätt av människor de mötte samt sjukvårdspersonal beskrev personerna i flera av studierna som ett stort problem och allt för vanligt förekommande. Föreliggande litteraturstudie beskrev även vilken datainsamlingsmetod som användes. I elva av de tretton artiklarna användes intervju som datainsamlingsmetod. Av de resterande två använde sig en av ett formulär och den andra fokusgrupp diskussion. Slutsats: Beskrivningar av upplevelser att leva med fibromyalgi, har visat att den påverkar personerna på många plan i livet, både fysiskt, psykiskt och socialt. Smärtan och tröttheten hindrar dem i det dagliga livet och de upplever att de inte blir betrodda eller tagna på allvar både i vardagen, men även i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal.

Research on self-monitoring in the classroom setting has shown decreases in problem behavior and increases in academic engagement in students. Behavior rating scales can be used by teachers to monitor student progress or by students as a self-monitoring tool. The current study examined the impact of using the Individualized Behavior Rating Scale Tool (IBRST) as a self-monitoring tool on problem and on-task behavior in students in a high-need public elementary school. The results indicated that the self-monitoring with the IBRST successfully decreased disruptive behavior and increased on-task behavior in all 3 participating students during targeted academic time periods, evidenced by both direct observations and teacher- collected IBRST data. Improved levels of behaviors were maintained during fading with all 3 students and at 1-week follow-up with 2 students. The results also showed that both teachers and students had high levels of satisfaction with the self-monitoring procedures using the IBRST.

Purpose: Toileting is an activity of daily living that is often difficult to perform independently for rehabilitation patients, which can be detrimental to the patient’s self-esteem and hygiene. Technology-Assisted Toilets (TATs) are commercially-available toilet seats which clean the user with a stream of water, and have a fan for drying. TATs are operated by a wall-mounted remote control. This thesis investigated whether TATs could improve stroke and geriatric rehabilitation patients’ ability to clean themselves independently after a bowel movement, and improve psychosocial outcomes when toileting. Methods: Stroke rehabilitation participants answered the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scales (PIADS) to assess the psychosocial impact of their regular toileting, then used the TAT for a bowel movement on three occasions. In geriatric rehabilitation, participants completed two bowel movement trials; one using regular toileting and one using the TAT. In both studies, participants answered the PIADS and were visually assessed for cleanliness after each trial. Results: Stroke rehabilitation patients had significantly higher PIADS when using the TAT. TATs cleaned participants completely in 73% of BM trials. In geriatric rehabilitation, participants gave TATs higher PIADS scores than regular toileting, but the difference was not statistically significant. Cleanliness level was equal between TAT and regular toileting. Conclusions: These pilot studies show that TATs have the potential to be useful assistive devices for stroke and geriatric rehabilitation patients who have difficulty cleaning themselves independently in the bathroom. PIADS scores in both studies suggest that participants would be unlikely to abandon using TATs.

The purpose of this descriptive exploratory study was to describe specific self-care behaviours related to the provision of eye care and performance of daily living activities, of postsurgical cataract patients during their first few weeks at home following cataract extraction. The twenty subjects who comprised the study sample were all over sixty years of age, were English speaking, had a best corrected visual acuity in the unoperated eye of 20/50 or less, and had undergone uncomplicated unilateral standard cataract surgery without lens implant. Subjects were interviewed in their homes on two occasions. Difficulties that were experienced and concerns that were expressed by subjects and family members in the performance of eye care procedures, and management of daily living routines were recorded; and factors which influenced the ability of subjects to manage their care at home were identified. Observations were made of the instillation of eyedrops, the application of a protective eye shield, and the status of the operated eye. The findings suggest a high degree of adherence to the prescribed medication regime, and to the precautionary measures that were to be followed. Difficulties were reported or observed in several areas such as administering eyedrops, applying the eye shield, reading instructions, opening eyedrop containers, and obtaining prescriptions or supplies. The majority of concerns expressed were related to the performance of eye care procedures, and to the prospective visual outcome of the surgery. Examples of factors identified as affecting home self-care were: the availability of direct assistance and emotional support from family and community resources; the understanding of the surgical procedure and recovery process; the knowledge, and the timing of the receipt of knowledge, of expected behaviours; and the possession of adequate manual skills to perform the eye care procedures with competence and confidence. Implications for nursing, medical, and pharmacist's practice are discussed, and areas for further research are identified. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate