Proefschrift Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht. / Met lit. opg., reg. - Met samenvatting in het Frans en Duits.

For centuries it was a crime to be without work or an income in Sweden. Those breaching this law were called vagrants and could be sentenced to forced labor. They stood outside of society in many ways as they were being criminalized. Society's view of them becomes clear by the laws enacted against vagrancy. The investigations that were made in creating the laws do not only say something about society's view of vagrancy, but something about the society itself. In Sweden we have a unique collection of investigations and referrals that are public records through Freedom of the Press. Committees and departmental records are public and contain a lot of information about the society in which they were created. The purpose of this Handbook is to show the access points which are available when you want to take advantage of the wealth of this material. Most of this material is stored at the National Archives in Stockholm and this is a guide to those documents. Between 1825 and 1965 seven committees were appointed and the guide will follow them from initiation to law. The Handbook is intended as a guide to documents legislation in general and to documents about legislation regarding vagrants in particular. Finally, it will show how to find documents on how the laws worked in practice, through the renovated court records in the archives of Svea Court of Appeal. This is a one year master´s thesis in Archival Science.

Magister Educationis - MEd / In Suid-Afrikaanse skole word op 'n gereelde grondslag gevind dat nie alle leerlinge baat vind by gewone groeponderrig soos dit in die gewone klaskamer vergestalting vind nie. Enersyds is daar die groep wat op Buitengewone Onderwys aangewese is, en andersyds is daar die groep wat nie vir buitengewone onderwys kwalifiseer nie, maar nog steeds nie die mas in die gewone klas kan opkom nie. Laasgenoemde maak dikwels deel uit van 'n sosio-ekonomies of polities benadeelde groep en die grootste persentasie druipelinge en vroeë skoolverlaters, in vergelyking met die res van die skoolbevolking , kom uit die groep. Die swak akademiese prestasies van hierdie leerlinge word in die meeste literatuur gekoppel aan kognitiewe benadeeldheid. Opvoedkundige Sielkunde. Kognitiewe benadeeldheid word vir die doel van hierdie mini-tesis gelykgestel aan kulturele benadeeldheid, maar dit word gekoppel aan die definisie van Feuerstein wat dit beskou as 'n gebrek aan bemiddelde leerervaring (BLE). Te midde van 'n strewe na sosio-ekonomiese, politieke en opvoedkundige rekonstruksie in Suid-Afrika, is dit belangrik dat probleme met skolastiese prestasie op die intermediêre vlak aangespreek word. Alhoewel skole weinig kan doen om 'n radikale verandering in die omgewingstoestande van leerlinge teweeg te bring, kan dit egter 'n groot bydrae lewer in die ontwikkeling van die kognitiewe vermoëns van kinders. Om hierdie belangrike funksie te vervul, is ditnoodsaaklik dat onderwysers in hul voorbereiding vir hul taak deeglik toegerus moet word met gepaste teoretiese begronding, asook daaruitvloeiende maatreëls om kognitiewe benadeeldheid by hul leerlinge effektief te verklaar en te bekamp. Die fokus in hierdie mini-tesis is op die benadering ten opsigte van kognitiewe benadeeldheid by primêre skool leerlinge in die opleidingsprogramme - spesifiek die Opvoedkundesillabusse - van onderwyskolleges van die Departement van Onderwys en Kultuur, Raad van Verteenwoordigers (DOK:RV); en die Departement van Onderwys en Opleiding (DOO), asook ontwikkelinge op die gebied van kognitiewe onderwys in Suid-Afrika. Op grond van die leemtes in die betrokke opleidingsprogramme is die doel van hierdie mini-tesis om BLE as noodsaaklike komponent in die opleidingsprogram van primêre skoolonderwysers in Suid- Afrika aan te beveel.

Vårdprogram för höftfraktur har tidigare använts vid Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala.  Höftspår är en ny process och målet är att underlätta flödet genom hela vårdkedjan. Syfte: Syftet är att studera hur Höftspår har påverkat omvårdnaden inom områdena; smärtskattning, smärtbehandling, vårdtid, förekomst av hudinspektion samt förekomst av trycksår hos patienter med höftfraktur, i jämförelse med Vårdprogram för höftfraktur. Metod: Journalgranskning utfördes med en retrospektiv, deskriptiv och komparativ design. Urvalet utgjordes av 30 patientjournaler i grupp I, före införandet av Höftspår, och 30 patientjournaler i grupp II, från införandestart för Höftspår. Inkluderade patientjournaler var diagnosgrupp höftfraktur, >60 år, ankomst till akutmottagning med ambulans, bedömas av läkare som operationsfall med inläggning på samma sjukhus. Av de 30 granskade patientjournalerna i grupp II var inklusionskriteriet även fascia-iliaca blockad. Resultat: Resultat som framkom var kortare vårdtid på akutmottagning och en minskning i administrerad opiat. En förbättrad dokumentation av hudinspektion och smärtskattning sågs på akutmottagningen. Prehospitalt mättes ingen större skillnad i antal milligram administrerad opiat. På vårdavdelning minskade vårdtiden något och smärtskattning gjordes sällan. Hudinspektion utfördes överlag ofta på vårdavdelning men minskade något efter införandet av Höftspår. Slutsats: Vi ser en kvalitetshöjning för patienten med höftfraktur, i och med kortare vårdtider och bättre smärtbehandling. / Care-programmes for hip-fracture were previously employed at Akademiska hospital in Uppsala. Hip-track is a new process and the objective is to facilitate the flow through the entire chain of care. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate how the care-programme Hip-track has affected nursing within the areas: pain-assessment, pain-treatment, care-time, skin-inspection and pressure-ulcer of patients with hip-fracture compared with previous care-program. Method: A review of health-records was carried out with a retrospective, descriptive and comparative design. The sample consisted of 30 health-records, before the introduction and 30 health-records after the introduction of Hip-track. Included health-records: diagnosis-group hip-fracture, > 60 years of age, arrival to the emergency-departement with ambulance, assessed by doctors as a surgical-case and admitted to the hospital. After the introduction was fascia-iliaca-block a criteria for inclusion.  Results: The results that emerged were shorter care-time at the emergency-department and a reduction in administered opioid. Improved documentation of skin-inspection and  pain-assessment were seen at the emergency-departement. In prehospital-care, there were no notable differences observed of opioid administered. Care-time decreased at the ward and pain-assessment. Skin-inspection was in general often done but decreased with introduction of Höftspår. Conclusion: Hip-track is quality-improvement, shorter care time and better pain-treatment.

The objectives of the research study are to review existing subnational credit rating methodologies and their applicability in the South African context, to develop the quantitative parts of credit rating methodologies for two provincial departments (Department of Health and Department of Education) that best predict future payment behaviour, to test the appropriateness of the proposed methodologies and to construct the datasets needed. The literature study includes background information regarding the uniqueness of South Africa’s provinces and credit rating methodologies in general. This is followed by information on subnational credit rating methodologies, including a review of existing subnational credit rating methodologies and an assessment of the applicability of the information provided in the South African context. Lastly, the applicable laws and regulations within the South African regulatory framework are provided. The knowledge gained from the literature study is applied to the data that have been collected to predict the two departments’ future payment behaviour. Linear regression modelling is used to identify the factors that best predict future payment behaviour and to assign weights to the identified factors in a scientific manner. The resulting payment behaviour models can be viewed as the quantitative part of the credit ratings. This is followed by a discussion on further investigations to improve the models. The developed models (both the simple and the advanced models) are tested with regard to prediction accuracies using RAG (Red, Amber or Green) statuses. This is followed by recommendations regarding future model usage that conclude that the department-specific models outperform the generic models in terms of prediction accuracies. / PhD (Risk analysis), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The objectives of the research study are to review existing subnational credit rating methodologies and their applicability in the South African context, to develop the quantitative parts of credit rating methodologies for two provincial departments (Department of Health and Department of Education) that best predict future payment behaviour, to test the appropriateness of the proposed methodologies and to construct the datasets needed. The literature study includes background information regarding the uniqueness of South Africa’s provinces and credit rating methodologies in general. This is followed by information on subnational credit rating methodologies, including a review of existing subnational credit rating methodologies and an assessment of the applicability of the information provided in the South African context. Lastly, the applicable laws and regulations within the South African regulatory framework are provided. The knowledge gained from the literature study is applied to the data that have been collected to predict the two departments’ future payment behaviour. Linear regression modelling is used to identify the factors that best predict future payment behaviour and to assign weights to the identified factors in a scientific manner. The resulting payment behaviour models can be viewed as the quantitative part of the credit ratings. This is followed by a discussion on further investigations to improve the models. The developed models (both the simple and the advanced models) are tested with regard to prediction accuracies using RAG (Red, Amber or Green) statuses. This is followed by recommendations regarding future model usage that conclude that the department-specific models outperform the generic models in terms of prediction accuracies. / PhD (Risk analysis), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

A country’s education system is a vital component of the country’s success. Without an excellent education system, our social, economic and financial positioning becomes threatened. At the heart of our education system lie our educators. Good educators are the key to an excellent education system. The loss of educators to the education system is significantly more than the current influx of qualified educators into schools. A great concern is why the South African education system is losing such large quantities of qualified and experienced educators. The literature review of this study focused on the factors contributing to job (dis)satisfaction and how it impacts on educators. Various sources were used to complete the literature study. The empirical study was done by means of quantitative research by distributing questionnaires to participating schools in the Vaal Triangle District. The educators at each of these schools were asked to complete a questionnaire that focussed on the issues that may contribute to job (dis)satisfaction and were divided into different sub-sections. The results were analysed and interpreted and certain recommendations were made in terms of the direct results and conclusions raised by the empirical study. The primary objective of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among some educators in the Vaal Triangle schools. The researcher looked at various trends in the education system and collected data relating to the determinants of job (dis)satisfaction in the school environment. The study showed that educators within the study population were not satisfied with their working conditions and should these issues be addressed by Department of Education, it could lead to fewer educators leaving the education system to seek work elsewhere. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

A country’s education system is a vital component of the country’s success. Without an excellent education system, our social, economic and financial positioning becomes threatened. At the heart of our education system lie our educators. Good educators are the key to an excellent education system. The loss of educators to the education system is significantly more than the current influx of qualified educators into schools. A great concern is why the South African education system is losing such large quantities of qualified and experienced educators. The literature review of this study focused on the factors contributing to job (dis)satisfaction and how it impacts on educators. Various sources were used to complete the literature study. The empirical study was done by means of quantitative research by distributing questionnaires to participating schools in the Vaal Triangle District. The educators at each of these schools were asked to complete a questionnaire that focussed on the issues that may contribute to job (dis)satisfaction and were divided into different sub-sections. The results were analysed and interpreted and certain recommendations were made in terms of the direct results and conclusions raised by the empirical study. The primary objective of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among some educators in the Vaal Triangle schools. The researcher looked at various trends in the education system and collected data relating to the determinants of job (dis)satisfaction in the school environment. The study showed that educators within the study population were not satisfied with their working conditions and should these issues be addressed by Department of Education, it could lead to fewer educators leaving the education system to seek work elsewhere. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Η προστασία της ανθρώπινης ζωής είναι βασική υποχρέωση της Πολιτείας και θεμελιακό δικαίωμα του πολίτη. Αυτονόητη είναι λοιπόν η προστασία ενός κτιρίου από τη φωτιά, ιδιαίτερα δε όταν πρόκειται για ένα εκπαιδευτήριο που φιλοξενεί εκατοντάδες ανθρώπους. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει ως αντικείμενο την αποτύπωση και την σχεδίαση των εγκαταστάσεων Πυρασφάλειας και Πυρόσβεσης του κτιρίου των Χημικών Μηχανικών. Μέσα από την διαδικασία της αποτύπωσης στόχος της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να διαπιστώσει αν οι μηχανισμοί πρόληψης, αντίδρασης αλλά και καταπολέμησης της φωτιάς του κτιρίου, επαρκούν ώστε να εκπληρώνονται οι βασικοί στόχοι της πυροπροστασίας. Δηλαδή, η ασφάλεια της ανθρώπινης ζωής και υγείας, η παρεμπόδιση εξάπλωσης της φωτιάς σε γειτονικά κτήρια ή σε άλλα διαμερίσματα του ίδιου κτιρίου, η ασφαλής εκκένωσή του και τέλος η προστασία της περιουσίας. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο δίνονται ορισμοί και βασικές έννοιες, παρουσιάζεται το τρίγωνο και το τετράεδρο της φωτιάς οι αιτίες πρόκλησης πυρκαγιών αλλά και η διάκριση των αιτιών ανάλογα με την πρόθεση ή την υπαιτιότητα. Γίνεται αναφορά στα είδη και τις κατηγορίες των πυρκαγιών. Περιγράφονται οι αρχές κατάσβεσης της φωτιάς που αποτελούν την βάση για τα υλικά και τις μεθόδους που χρησιμοποιούμε για τον έλεγχο κάθε είδους πυρκαγιάς. Το κεφάλαιο κλείνει με παρουσίαση των υιοθετημένων προτύπων στην Ελλάδα. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο αναλύει την πυρασφάλεια κτηρίων, Παθητική και Ενεργητική. Στην Παθητική πυροπροστασία δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην κατηγορία των εκπαιδευτηρίων οπού εμπίπτει το κτίριο του τμήματος των Χημικών Μηχανικών Παρουσιάζονται όλοι οι τρόποι πυροπροστασίας αλλά και τα μέσα πυρανίχνευσης και πυρόσβεσης που χρησιμοποιούνται σήμερα καθώς και τα κριτήρια επιλογής τους βάση της ισχύουσας νομοθεσίας. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο αποτυπώνονται οι υπάρχουσες εγκαταστάσεις του κτιρίου του τμήματος των Χημικών Μηχανικών και παρουσιάζεται φωτογραφικό υλικό από την επί τόπου αυτοψία που έγινε. Το κεφάλαιο τέσσερα είναι η μελέτη Ενεργητικής πυροπροστασίας του κτιρίου του τμήματος των Χημικών Μηχανικών που έγινε σύμφωνα με όσα προβλέπει η Ελληνική νομοθεσία. Τέλος στο παράρτημα παρουσιάζονται οι κανονισμοί πυρασφάλειας και πυροπροστασίας όπως αυτοί έχουν καθοριστεί από το Πυροσβεστικό Σώμα. Πιο συγκεκριμένα παρουσιάζεται το προεδρικό διάταγμα «Κανονισμός Πυροπροστασίας Κτιρίων (Π.Δ. 71/88)», το οποίο αποτελεί το βασικό διάταγμα σύμφωνα με το οποίο γίνονται όλες οι μελέτες πυροπροστασίας, και επισυνάπτονται τα σχέδια των αποτυπώσεων και τα σχέδια της μελέτης. / The protection of human life is a basic obligation of the state and fundamental right of the citizen. Therefore the protection of a building from fire is mandatory, especially when that building is a school that hosts hundreds of people. This thesis is intended to capture and design the Fire safety and security system of the building of Chemical Engineering. Through the process of recording, the goal of this thesis is to determine whether the mechanisms of prevention, response and firefighting of building, are sufficient to meet the basic objectives of fire protection. Those being, safety of human life and health, spreading of fire to neighboring buildings or in other apartments of the same building, safe evacuation and finally the protection of property. The first chapter provides definitions and basic concepts, presents the triangle and pyramid of fire, the causes of fires and the distinction of causes depending on the intent or fault. There is a presentation of the types and classes of fires and a description of the principles of extinguishing fire form the basis of the materials and methods used to control any kind of fire. The chapter ends with the presentation of the adopted standards in Greece. The second chapter analyzes the Passive and Active fire safety of buildings. Emphasis is given to the passive fire protection of schools which applies to the department of Chemical Engineering. Also there is a description of the ways and means of fire detection and extinguishing systems in use today and their selection criteria based on current legislation. The third chapter depicts the existing facilities of the building of the department of Chemical Engineering and photographs of the on-site inspection that was made are presented. Chapter four is the study of active Fire safety building department of Chemical Engineering, which was made according to the provisions of the Greek law. Finally in the appendix is presented the fire safety and fire regulations as laid down by the Fire Brigade. More specifically, is presented the Presidential Decree "Building Fire Safety Regulation (Decree 71/88)", which is the main decree under which all fire protections designs are made, and accompanied by the drawings and renderings of the design drawings.

Den första januari 1997 blev Regeringskansliets alla 15 myndigheter en enda och statsministern, för tillfället Göran Persson, blev dess chef. Denna reform, ofta kallad Ett RK-reformen, var frukten av en lång debatt gestaltad i offentliga utredningar, kansliinterna rapporter, konsultuppdrag med mera. Alla syftade till att på något sätt råda bot på de problem man såg i Regeringskansliets interna arbete, inte minst den ökande sektoriseringen av departementen. Genom att förena departementen till en myndighet och öka personalrörligheten hoppades man kunna skapa en mer samarbetsvänlig och flexibel arbetskultur. Vad den tillsynes genomgripande reformen egentligen lyckades åstadkomma är inte självklart. Den efterföljande debatten får klassas som knapp och misslyckades prestera något entydigt svar på frågan om reformens konsekvenser. Denna undersökning syftar till att bidra med kunskap om reformens effekter och på så vis komma närmare ett svar på frågan om dessa endast var symboliska, eller om reformen lyckades i sin ambition att skapa en mer samarbets- och förhandlingsvänlig kultur i Regeringskansliet. Detta är inte endast endast intressant per se, utan bidrar även till den mer inomvetenskapliga debatten om presidentialiseringen av västeuropeiska parlamentariska styrelseskick i allmänhet, och det svenska styrelseskicket i synnerhet. Ett RK-reformen tycks intuitivt utgöra ett exempel på hur vårt parlamentariska styrelseskick mycket riktigt presidentialiseras; istället för att varje departement utgör sin egen myndighet med sin egen chef, blir plötsligt statsministern chef över alla departement. Detta var emellertid inte reformens syfte; sammanslagningen syftade snarare till att öka de enskilda departementens samarbete och flexibilitet. Genom att bidra till förståelsen för Ett RK-reformens effekter kommer denna undersökning förhoppningsvis även kunna bidra till förståelsen för parlamentarismen i Sverige, och dess variationer.