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This study proposes a “new" consumer price index (CPI) and investigates the influence of Sweden's monetary policy on the new index level and its variations over time. Unlike the traditional CPI that the SCB uses, the "new" CPI tries to consider technology improvements by using macro data. The research demonstrates that the "new" CPI resulted in less inflation than the traditional CPI computed from 1981 to 2020. The research predicts that the difference between the two CPIs would keep growing through 2020–2024, indicating that using the "new" CPI will lead to a more conservative approach to monetary policy. The findings suggest that policymakers should update the CPI regularly to reflect changes in consumer behavior and technological advancement, acknowledge the uncertainty associated with forecasting inflation, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of forecasting models. This study emphasizes the potential benefits of incorporating technology improvements into the CPI and its influence on monetary policy.

The aim of this thesis is to explore the interplay between economics, gender, and materiality in an economic sector that has received little attention from performativity scholars: agriculture. During the early 20th century, Swedish agricultural education was organized along gendered lines. I study how male and female schools differed in their economics education. In so doing I will explore the question: How were economic and non-economic agents assembled in Swedish lower agricultural education during the first half of the 20th century? To answer this the thesis follows a rural domestic school and an agricultural school, intended for female and male students respectively. The method is a qualitative text analysis of firstly archival material from the schools, secondly textbooks in agricultural economics and bookkeeping, and thirdly Swedish Government Official Reports. The main finding is that performance of economic theory creates both the economic and the non-economic. The farm as a unit of production and reproduction was split into home and business, in an act of interessement. The two forms of smallholder education were reformulated as agricultural education and domestic education, thereby placing the young men in a productive sphere and the young women in a domestic, reproductive sphere. Economic agents were assembled in the agricultural school as resources for qualculation were provided, not least through economic and agronomic quantification. In the rural domestic school, conversely, resources for qualculation were removed as women’s farm labor was framed as an expression of immeasurable maternal love. The economic actor was thus assembled in relation to his female Other. In summary, performing the economic man means performing economic and performing man.

The purpose of this study is to gain an increased insight into what motivates people to relocate houses in Sweden and how it differs depending on which areas the houses relocate between. The purpose of the study is also to see if the motive for relocating houses changes after the relocation of a house. The study was carried out through a descriptive survey study, where participating respondents were sought in groups on social media, which all had some connection to the phenomena. Two different groups of respondents were sought, those who plan to relocate houses and those who have already relocated houses. The empirical material from the surveys has then been analyzed and tabulated to see the different patterns and how they differ.  Based on the findings in this study, it showed that the majority of all of those who relocate houses, relocate these because of cultural-historical motives, but that the motives also differs depending on which municipal groups that are concerned.  The motives also do not change significantly after a house move. Most of all houses in the study are relocated from rural municipalities, but also from and to and within rural municipalities. Some of them also moved up in the municipal-hierarchy and some them moved down.

The Passive House as a type of energy-efficient and cost-efficiency housing, has been implemented widely around the world, and made great contribution to energy saving and environment protection. Although the Passive House requires higher investment in early stage compared to conventional houses, it has many benefits including improving indoor climate and saving energy consumption. However, the development of Passive House in China has been slow due to the lack of information regarding the extra investment and benefits. To provide a clear insight on how the extra investment and benefits of the Passive House balance each other, this study establishes an evaluation model to identify and calculate the additional costs through the life cycle of the Passive House. With the cost and benefit calculated, we can also analysis the payback period to see how many years it takes to recover the extra investment. After the model is established, we evaluated a representative Passive House in Hebei, China. The result showed that the benefits of the extra investment outweigh the additional costs, and the payback period is approximately 12 years, which is acceptable for housing projects. The evaluation model not only provides the developers and consumers a tool to understand the costs and benefits, but also illustrate the economic feasibility of Passive House in China. / Passivhuset som en typ av energieffektiva och kostnadseffektiva bostäder har implementerats i hela världen och har bidragit stort till energibesparing och miljöskydd. Även om Passive House kräver högre investeringar i ett tidigt skede jämfört med konventionella hus, har det många fördelar inklusive att förbättra inomhusklimatet och spara energiförbrukning. Utvecklingen av Passive House i Kina har dock varit långsam på grund av bristen på information om extra investeringar och fördelar. För att ge en tydlig insikt om hur de extra investeringarna och fördelarna med Passive House balanserar varandra skapar denna studie en utvärderingsmodell för att identifiera och beräkna extrakostnaderna genom passivhusets livscykel. Med beräknad kostnad och nytta kan vi också analysera återbetalningsperioden för att se hur många år det tar att återfå den extra investeringen. Efter att modellen har upprättats utvärderade vi ett representativt passivhus i Hebei, Kina. Resultatet visade att fördelarna med extrainvesteringar uppväger extrakostnaderna och återbetalningsperioden är cirka 12 år, vilket är acceptabelt för bostadsprojekt. Utvärderingsmodellen ger inte bara utvecklarna och konsumenterna ett verktyg för att förstå kostnaderna och fördelarna utan illustrerar också den ekonomiska genomförbarheten hos Passive House i Kina.

In this study, a total of nine regression models were performed with three different dependent variables, nine independent variables, in three different country groups, to find out the relationship between crypto adoption and remittances, monetary uncertainty and financial inclusion. The results show a statistically significant relationship between increased crypto adoption and historical exchange rate volatility in both high- and low-income countries. Peer-to-peer exchange trade volume in low-income countries also seems to be affected by the proportion of the population that sends remittances. Based on these findings, it seems like cryptocurrencies are not only seen as asset substitution, i.e., something to risk diversify the investment portfolio with, it also seems to be used as a currency substitution.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka om det civila samhället och den ekonomiska utvecklingen påverkar demokratistatusen i världen och urvalet är 136 länder. Jag har prövat om samhällets deltagande, aktiva intressegrupper och socialt kapital har ett samband med demokratistatusen i länderna. Jag har även prövat om ekonomisk styrka, socioekonomiska hinder och sociala skyddsnät har ett samband med demokratistatusen. Studien har en teoriprövande ansats och för att besvara frågorna används statistiska analysmetoder som centralmått och spridningsmått, korrelationsanalys och multipel regressionsanalys. Studiens empiriska material ger resultatet att sambanden mellan variablerna inom civila samhället och demokratistatusen är starka. Även den ekonomiska utvecklingen har ett samband med demokratistatusen utifrån det empiriska materialet. Teorin om att engagemang i samhället och aktivt deltagande i intressegrupper stärker det sociala kapitalet mellan medborgarna vilket i sin tur positivt påverkar demokratistatusen stärks utifrån empiriska materialet. Vidare tyder resultatet på att även teorin om att ett lands ekonomiska styrka samt hur ekonomin och inkoms-terna fördelas mellan medborgarna stärks utifrån det empiriska materialet. / <p>2022-05-25</p>

Denna studie undersöker hur resultatmanipulering förändras under ekonomiska kriser bland svenska bolag. De ekonomiska kriserna som studeras är covid-19 pandemin 2020 och finanskrisen 2008. Jämförelsen sker kvartalsvis i förhållande till året innan krisen för att tydligare fånga upp fluktuationer i de diskretionära periodiseringarna mellan åren. Syftet med att studera två olika kriser är för att jämföra liknelser och skillnader i resultaten och därmed identifiera om det finns trender i hur svenska bolag resultatmanipulerar under ekonomiska kriser. Urvalet består av de noterade bolagen på Nasdaq Stockholm för respektive period. Resultatmanipulering mäts genom att beräkna diskretionära periodiseringar med hjälp av den Modifierade-Jones modellen, vilken även kompletteras med prestationsmåttet räntabilitet på totalt kapital (ROA) enligt Kothari et al. (2005). Resultaten indikerar att resultatmanipulering minskar när den ekonomiska krisen inträffar.

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Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur ekonomer och jurister får sitt första jobb efter examen. Uppsatsen fokuserar på finanskrisen i Sverige under 1990-talet (90-talskrisen) och utreder om det är skillnad att ta en examen, före, under och efter en ekonomisk kris. Den fokuserar också på det skifte i arbetsmarknaden som skedde med såväl lagstiftning som förändringen från många lågkvalificerade till fler högkvalificerade jobb. Materialet som används är från den tidigare fackföreningen Jusek:s arbetsmarknadsundersökningar som undersöker vad samtliga nyexaminerade från deras olika yrkesgrupper gjorde ett halvår efter examen. Uppsatsen jämför en rad olika saker såsom anställningar (heltids- och tidsbegränsade anställningar, egenföretagare och notarietjänstgöring), arbetslöshet, rekryteringskanaler och jämför även vilken sektor (privat och offentlig) ekonomer och jurister fick jobb inom. / The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Economists and Lawyers get their first job when they graduate. The paper focuses on the Swedish financial crisis that happened during the early 1990s. This paper highlights how it is to graduate during a financial crisis compared to the time before and after the crisis. It also focuses on the shift in the labor market with changes both in lawmaking but also the change from low-skilled to high-skilled work. The material that is being used is from a former union called Jusek and surveys that they conducted every year about what people did a half year after they graduated. The paper compares four among others different employments (full-time employment, unemployment, and temporary employment), recruitments method, and the public versus private sector.