Begreppet hållbar utveckling innefattar ekonomisk, ekologisk och social utveckling och innebär att de tre hållbarhetsvärdena ska vara likvärdiga och bör samarbeta intimt med varandra. Planeringsidealet förtätning är ett sätt att planera och utveckla städer som har blivit en mer populär planeringsstrategi under de senaste två decennierna och är motsatsen till sin föregångare utglesning. En kommun som arbetar ambitiöst med förtätning är Linköpings kommun där förtätning och hållbar utveckling går hand i hand och kommunen är tydlig med att Linköping tätort inte ska utvecklas utanför befintliga stadsgränser.   Den här studies syfte är att belysa hur förtätning tillämpas i Linköping tätort samt granska om förtätning bidrar till en hållbar utveckling. Studien ämnar även att undersöka de primära faktorerna i hållbarhetsvärdena som kommunen anger vara skälen till förtätning, samt hur förtätning har konsekvenser på stadsmiljön. De teorier och tidigare forskning som analyseras förklarar och ger exempel vilka konsekvenserna kan vara av en förtätning ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. För att besvara syftet har empiri insamlats genom kvalitativa innehållsanalyser av två olika policydokument samt kartor över Linköping från 2002 och 2019.   Det insamlade materialet från empirin och teorin analyserades och jämfördes. Empirin påvisade att de största skälen till att Linköpings kommun arbetar med förtätning är för att inte använda sig av viktig jordbruksmark, koppla samman stadsväven och effektivt använda sig av markresurser. Detta ska leda till möjligheter att utveckla kollektiv-, gång- och cykeltrafik, minskade klyftor mellan områden och en ökad trygghet och jämlikhet i staden. Slutsatsen utifrån analysen av empirin och teorin blev att de positiva effekterna förtätning har på hållbar utveckling i Linköpings tätort väger tyngre än de negativa konsekvenserna.

Syftet med denna studie var att genom intervjuer med 6 personer, som levt på ekonomiskt bistånd i mer än 10 månader, skildra deras upplevelse av sin livssituation och möjligheter att påverka den. Genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer samlades material in, material som analyserades med utgångspunkt i en induktiv tematisk metod. I analysen träder fyra huvudteman fram som beskriver upplevelsen av att vara långvarigt beroende av ekonomiskt bistånd: skam, förändring, bristande kontroll och låg framtidstro. Teman som i en sammantagen förståelse leder till kärnkategorin som är ett: förstärkt beroende - att hamna mellan stolarna. / The purpose of this study was to describe, through 6 interviews with people who have been living on social security service for more than 10 months, their experience of their lifesituation and opportunities to influence it. The material was collected through semi-structered interviews and anlayzed based on an inductive thematic method. The analysis revealed four main themes that describe the expeience of being long term dependent on social security service; shame, change, lack of control and low faith in future. These themes could be understood on the basis of the core category: reinforced dependency on social security – to end up between the chairs.

In the modern competive situation on globalized market it is extremely important to find a comparative advantage that could place the company on the edge of rivalry on the market, either internal or international. Many companies face the issue of the lack or unaccessibility of resources. In such circumstances companies can find appropriate solution in outsourcing or offshoring their processes. In addition, many companies not only adopt outsourcing into the working process, but also build their business around Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) as a core competency of the company. Outsourcing in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Industry becomes a leading trend in many areas of economy enabled by fast development of communication technologies.      In this paper we studied outsourcing in general, outsourcing in ICT sector as well as the modern  position of Ukraine on the global ITO market and its perspective of cooperation with Nordic companies.     Theoretical data were analyzed in static, reflecting modern state of affairs in this industry branch, and dynamic way, showing the outcomes of development of the industry in the country during the last few years. Empirical study was fulfilled through a case study. Ukrainian ITO industry was shown as an attractive outsourcing destination for companies from Nordic region, with some drawbacks.

Title: Football behind the scenes Subject: Självständigt uppsatsarbete inom företagsekonomi - FÖ6021, 15 hp. Authors: Ali Mourad och Samer Salman Keywords: Football club, budget, institutional logics, economic logic, sporting logic. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe how economical and sporting logics appear, and how they interact in an Allsvenskan football club's budgeting. Method: This study is based on a qualitative method with an abductive approach and has been conducted through semi-structured interviews with the help of four different respondents from four varying football clubs in the Allsvenskan. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework consists of relevant theories that formed the basis for the work's operationalization scheme. The theories are based on institutional logics, the relationship between the logics, budget and its various processes and what financial and sporting conditions the Allsvenskan football clubs face. Finally, the analysis model that the study's analysis will be based on is included. Empirical: The study includes interviews with four different football clubs at the Allsvenskan level. The selection is based on that the participating football club has been competing in the Allsvenskan for at least seven consecutive years including this season. The respondents who represent each club have the position as either CEO, club manager or CFO. Conclusion: Football clubs are associations that actively work with budgets similar to regular companies. The clubs focus a lot on specifically two institutional logics when implementing their budget, finances and sports. It is along these that the club's goals are planned. An important aspect of the clubs' budget, that affects both the economy and the sports majorly, is audience and sponsorship income. These can vary frequently, and therefore the clubs follow up their budget and analyse it for possible adjustments. Football clubs are complex organizations, and in order to establish a stable budget, structural differentiation strategies can be preferable to get a clearer picture of both economic and sporting logics from the club's sub-activities.

In writing the history of the modernising of Sweden in the middle of the 19th century, the liberal editor and publisher Lars Johan Hierta has gotten a prominent role. His newspaper Aftonbladet founded in 1830 has become a symbol for the new classical liberal free press. One aspect of Hierta as a political figure that has been largely overlooked within previous research is that he was also a member of parliament in Riddarhuset, the state of the nobility in Sweden. Aftonbladet has within previous research also been described as a central institution in, what Habermas has described as, the new public sphere in Sweden. Riddarhuset can also be described as a part of the old representative culture that according to Habermas preceded the new public sphere.  This study aims to analyse how Hierta adjusted his advocation for social and economic freedom after Aftonbladet and Riddarhuset as contexts. In doing so the study also seeks to describe the state the new public sphere and the old representative culture in Sweden in the 1830s, a topic that has been frequently debated in previous historical research. The study finds that Hierta had to adjust to the aristocratic conception of virtue in Riddarhuset, while he described the nobility as the main villain of society when writing in Aftonbladet. The study also finds that the representative culture and the new public sphere were historical contexts that existed side by side in the 1830s. But actors like Hierta moved between the two spheres, and brought ideas and concepts from the new public sphere into Riddarhuset which can be seen as the beginning of the crumbling of the old representative culture.

The Swedish financial market is responsible for detecting and preventing money laundering and other economic crimes. The first money laundering directive indicates that this type of crime has affected credit institutions for several years. In the same pace as the development of this crime, the reporting obligation of the financial market also came to include auditors. Since the abolition obligation of small companies in 2010, the financial market has lost a quality assurance and crime prevention body. The purpose of this study is to describe and increase the understanding of the financial market preventive work against money laundering and how it has been affected after the abolition of the audit obligation. This is achieved through a qualitative study in which the preventive work against money laundering by the financial market is analyzed. The study is based on an inductive approach where the collected empirical data is based on semi-structured interviews. The empirical material has been analyzed on the basis of a thematic analysis that is based on the analytic themes of the study and the presented analysis model. Finally, the analysis and conclusions of the study have resulted in how the preventive measures against money laundering have changed after the abolition of the audit obligation. The financial market work against money laundering has not undergone any major changes since the reform. The study contributes to an understanding of how the financial markets stakeholders are affected by the abolition of the audit obligation and a possible reintroduction. The result that has been presented contributes to theory as a result of increased understanding regarding the impact of the audit obligation on the existing stakeholder relationship, as well as the information asymmetry that exists between credit institutions and companies.

Boosting economic growth and competitiveness in different spatial contexts such as national, regional, metropolitan etc. has always been in the epicenter of both large and small-scale planning efforts pursued at different levels of government from local to extra- regional and their significance is still, and probably will always be, on the rise given the ever increasing competition in today’s, and yet-to-come future world. In order to achieve this, relevant authorities have devised and implemented a vast variety of policies and approaches which are, more often than not, based on abundance of theoretical contributions in the field of economic geography. This thesis explores one of the main theoretical contributions to this field being Innovation Systems theory and tries to adapt the concept, originally intended for application at a larger scale, to the perspective of an individual firm rather than a whole production system while briefly using empirics from the spatial context of Adelaide/South Australia, loosely defined as a region, and the sectoral context of electricity infrastructure. The initial conclusion here is that applying the concept to the more manageable context of an individual firm, may have the potential to enable one to identify the relevant organizational and institutional setup more effectively and present a better explanatory description of their role in the whole Innovation system and in turn, can contribute to a more informed planning and policy- making process for regional economic growth.

Byggbranschen är en industri med en signifikant påverkan på miljön och det är därför viktigt att hitta nya, innovativa hållbara lösningar som både värnar om miljö och klimat, människors välmående samt hållbar ekonomisk tillväxt. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur man kan införa mer hållbara arbetssätt i byggbranschen genom att göra en fallstudie på det nya företaget Alive som har ett nyskapande hållbarhetskoncept för bostads- och byggbranschen. Analysverktygen som har använts är teori om hållbarhet och byggbranschen samt en modell som presenterar sätt att arbeta med ekologisk, social samt ekonomisk hållbarhet. Med hjälp av teorin och analysmodellen, samt insamlad data från intervjuer med aktörer som samarbetar med byggprojektet kan ett antal slutsatser dras. Inom hållbarhet är det den sociala aspekten som hamnat i skymundan och där en entydig definition inte finns i dagsläget. Detta kan medföra att det blir problematiskt när arbetssätt och arbetsmetoder inom denna aspekt ska konkretiseras, då man inte vet hur man ska arbeta med aspekten. Vidare tar dock den sociala aspekten en allt större plats, vilket kan komma att förändra arbetssätten i byggbranschen. Ytterligare en slutsats som kan dras är att den unika affärsmodellen och det nytänkande koncept som företaget har medför många hållbara sätt att arbeta på. Lyckas företaget etablera sitt koncept finns stora möjligheter till att förändra en trög och konservativ bransch.

Under the banner of the ‘sharing economy’, private short-term rental platforms such as Airbnb have witnessed tremendous success, facilitating millions of overnight stays in everyday homes. And while the issue has garnered considerable attention from both popular media and policy makers in cities such as New York, Amsterdam, London and Berlin, little attention has been paid to the topic in Stockholm, Sweden as well as academic literature. With this absence of discussion serving as a point of departure, I analyze both primary and secondary data pertaining to the rise of Airbnb in Stockholm. With a theoretical lens based in critical poststructuralist thought, I argue that Airbnb is embedded within neoliberal urbanism, fueling the social and economic forces behind gentrification. In order to address the problematic implications of Airbnb and similar platforms, I suggest policymakers and applicable actors to review the current taxing scheme, consider temporal restrictions, align short-term rental laws with subletting laws and communicate clearly.

Baserat på den höga energianvändningen inom bostads- och servicesektorn i Sverige idag där det sätts upp mål om att minska energianvändnigen och effektivisera processer inom denna sektor, har detta projekt handlat om att komma med åtgärdsförslag för en mins- ka energianvändning av en befintlig lokalbyggnad i Uppsala. Med hjälp av IDA ICE har det gjorts effekt- och energisimuleringar av denna byggnad för att se om det går att sänka effekt- och energibehovet så pass mycket att byggnaden skulle kunna klara sig på endast ett av de två uppvärmningssystem som finns idag. De åtgärder som görs i detta arbete är tilläggsisolering i yttervägg och byte av befintliga FTX-system, ytterligare görs en analys på den optimala tjockleken av isolering utifrån ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Resultatet i denna rapport visar att det är möjligt för fastigheten att endast klara sig på ett uppvärmningssy- stem med kombination av de två åtgärderna. Den ekonomiskt optimala isoleringstjockleken visades vara 125 mm och kan ge en energibesparing på 25% och ekonomisk besparing på 107 345 kr/år. Vid kombination av de två åtgärderna kan en energibesparing på 40% göras och en ekonomisk besparing på 100 443 kr/år. / Based on the high energy use in the housing and service sector in Sweden today, where goals are set to reduce energy use and streamline energy processes in this sector, this project has been about coming up with measures to reduce energy use of an existing local building in Uppsala. With the help of IDA ICE, heating load and energy simulations have been made for this building to see if it is possible to reduce the heating load and energy needs so much that the building could manage on only one of the two heating systems that exist today. The measures taken in this work are additional insulation in the outer wall and replacement of existing ventilation systems, a further analysis is made of the optimal thickness of insulation from an economic perspective. The results of this report show that it is possible for the property to manage only on a heating system with a combination of the two measures. The economically optimal insulation thickness was shown to be 125 mm and can provide an energy saving of 25% and an economic saving of 107 345 kr/year. By combining the two measures, an energy saving of 40% can be made and a financial saving of 100 443 kr/year.