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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Respostas induzidas pelo exercício resistido sobre o perfil hematológico de ratos wistar tratados com dexametasona / Responses induced by the exercise resisted on the hematological profile of wistar rats treated with dexamethasone

Abbehusen, Luciana de Freitas 21 February 2018 (has links)
Introduction: Glicocorticoides are pharmacos utilized in treatment of inflamatory diseases. However, they can trigger adverse reactions that can compromise the immune system and metabolism. Physical exercise can be used as a non pharmacologial way to minimize these effects. Objective: To evaluate the responses induced by resisted exercise over hematological profile of rats treated with dexametasona. Methods: 40 rats were used for the study and divided into 4 randomized: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary dexamethasone (SDx), and trained dexamethasone (TDx). The groups were subjected to resistance exercise for 12 weeks. three series of 10 repetitions, with intensity of 70% - 1RM), in a squatting apparatus. Dexamethasone (0.2 mg / kg) was given intraperitoneally once weekly. After 24 hours of the last training session, the animals were euthanized for sample collection. The statistical test used was ANOVA One Way, with Bonferroni post-test and data were expressed as mean ± standard error (SEM) with p <0.05. Results: The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) decreased in SDx (3.4%) and TDx (3.6%) groups compared with the TC group. The number of total leucocytes increased in the TC group compared with SC (24.3) and SDx (37.8%) groups. The number of neutrophils in the SDx group increased compared with SC (50.0%) and TC (41.9%) groups. The number of lymphocytes decreased in the SDx group compared with the SC (31.4%) and TC (26.9%) groups. The number of monocytes decreased in the SDx group compared with the SC (46.1%) and TC (47.9%) groups. Conclusion: The resistance exercise was unable to attenuate the effects of dexamethasone on the MCHC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte levels. / Introdução: Glicocorticoides são fármacos utilizados no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias. Entretanto, podem desencadear reações adversas que comprometem o sistema imune e o metabolismo. O exercício físico pode ser utilizado como um meio não farmacológico para atenuar esses efeitos. Objetivo: avaliar as respostas induzidas pelo exercício resistido sobre o perfil hematológico de ratos Wistar tratados com dexametasona. Métodos: Foram utilizados quarenta ratos Wistar divididos randomicamente em quatro grupos: controle sedentário (CS), controle treinado (CT), dexametasona sedentário (DxS) e dexametasona treinado (DxT), e submetidos ao exercício resistido por 12 semanas (3 séries de 10 repetições, com intensidade de 70% - 1RM), em aparelho de agachamento. A dexametasona (0,2 mg/kg) foi administrada via intraperitoneal, 1 vez por semana. Após 24 horas da última sessão de treinamento, os animais foram eutanasiados para coleta das amostras. O teste estatístico utilizado foi ANOVA One Way, com pós-teste de Bonferroni e os dados foram expressos em média ± erro padrão (SEM) com p < 0,05. Resultados: A concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM) diminuiu nos grupos DxS (3,4%) e DxT (3,6%), em relação ao grupo CT. O número de leucócitos totais aumentou no CT quando comparado com os grupos CS (24,3%) e DxS (37,8%). O número de neutrófilos no grupo DxS aumentou quando comparado com os grupos CS (50,0%) e CT (41,9%). O número de linfócitos diminuiu no grupo DxS em relação aos grupos CS (31,4%) e CT (26,9%). O número de monócitos diminuiu no grupo DxS em relação aos grupos CS (46,1%) e CT (47,9%). Conclusão: O exercício resistido não foi capaz de atenuar os efeitos da dexametasona sobre a CHCM, neutrófilos, linfócitos e monócitos. / São Cristóvão, SE
72

Resíduo da industrialização de ovos em dieta para leitões / Residue from the industrialization of eggs in the diet of pigs

BARBIERI, Mauro M. 27 March 2015 (has links)
Submitted by biblioteca unifenas (biblioteca@unifenas.br) on 2017-09-13T13:25:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauro Barbieri Dissertação.pdf: 1026519 bytes, checksum: b56b00d6a2720e47649bc500b977c098 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-13T13:25:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauro Barbieri Dissertação.pdf: 1026519 bytes, checksum: b56b00d6a2720e47649bc500b977c098 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / The objective of the experiment evaluating different levels of egg powder residue in the diets of piglets weaned at 28 days of age, assessing performance, hematological parameters, the bacterial count and the quantification of immunoglobulin (IgM). The study was conducted at the Swine Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais Campus Muzambinho. One design was used in a randomized block design with four treatments and six replications and three animals per experimental unit. The initial weight was used as a criterion for constitution of blocks and treatments consisted of four powdered egg levels (0.0%, 2.0%, 4.0% and 6.0%). The results were evaluated using the linear regression analyzes and polynomial, and the adjustments evaluated for accuracy (R2). With the increase of egg powder residue levels there was an improvement in animal performance. In general, with increasing levels of powdered egg residue there was an increase in final weight of the animals, weight gain and an improvement in feed conversion. Regarding the blood components, there was a reduction on packed cell volume and total protein of seguimentados with raising the level of egg powder residue. The egg powder residue improves the performance of piglets weaned at 28 days of age. As one increases the inclusion of egg residue powder in the diet, there is a higher incidence of beneficial bacteria in tratogastrinteninal piglets, keeping them imonologicamente healthier / Objetivou-se, com a condução do experimento, avaliar diferentes níveis de resíduo de ovo em pó na dieta de leitões desmamados aos 28 dias de idade, avaliando o desempenho, os parâmetros hematológicos, a contagem bacteriana e a quantificação de imunoglobulinas (IgM). O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Suinocultura do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais Campus Muzambinho. Estabeleceu-se um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições, sendo três animais por unidade experimental. Usou-se o peso inicial como critério para constituição dos blocos e os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatro níveis de ovo em pó (0,0%; 2,0%; 4,0% e 6,0%). Avaliaram-se os resultados por meio das das análises de regressão linear e polinomial e os ajustes, pela precisão (R2). Com o aumento dos níveis de resíduo de ovo em pó, houve melhora não só no peso final como também no ganho de peso médio diário e na conversão alimentar dos animais. Constatou-se redução do volume globular, dos segmentados e da proteína total com a elevação do nível de resíduo de ovo em pó. Além disso, com o aumento dos níveis do ovo, observou-se maior número de Bifidobacterium e Lactobacillus no cólon proximal dos leitões e menor contagem de Escherichia coli. O resíduo de ovo em pó melhora o desempenho dos leitões desmamados aos 28 dias de idade. À medida que se aumenta a inclusão de resíduo de ovo em pó na dieta, há maior incidência de bactérias benéficas no trato gastrointestinal dos leitões, mantendo-os imunologicamente mais saudáveis.
73

Synthèse et étude de nouveaux analogues de l’acadésine pour circonvenir les résistances dans les hémopathies malignes / Synthesis and biological study of new acadesine analogs to circumvent resistances in hematological malignancies

Amdouni, Hela 28 September 2016 (has links)
La lutte contre le cancer est certainement l’un des défis majeurs de ce 21ème siècle. Les résistances qui émergent contre les agents de thérapie ciblée présentent un aspect particulièrement épineux de cette problématique. La thèse présentée ici s’inscrit dans ce cadre. Elle vise à développer des molécules bioactives pouvant circonvenir les résistances apparues contre les traitements de certaines hémopathies malignes : la leucémie myéloïde chronique (LMC) et le syndrome myélodysplasique (SMD). Après avoir mis au point une méthodologie de synthèse monotope permettant de transformer un azoture en un 5-alcynyl-1,2,3-triazole, nous avons synthétisé deux séries de produits : nucléosidique et non nucléosidique. Pour chacune de ces séries, des relations structure-activité ont été établies. Après plusieurs cycles d’optimisation, trois composés lead très efficaces contre des lignées cellulaires résistantes de LMC et SMD, ont été sélectionnés. De surcroît, leur mode d’action s’est révélé très intéressant : il repose (partiellement ou entièrement, suivant le composé) sur un processus cellulaire qui connaît un véritable regain d’intérêt, à savoir l’autophagie. Une évaluation in vivo a été réalisée et a permis de valider l’activité prometteuse de notre composé lead nucléosidique. Par ailleurs, des études visant à déterminer la localisation intracellulaire et les cibles moléculaires de nos produits sont actuellement en cours / The fight against cancer is certainly one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Resistance that comes up against targeted therapy agents presents a particularly important aspect of this issue. The thesis presented here takes part within that framework. It aims at developing bioactive molecules able to circumvent resistance that have emerged against the treatment of certain hematological malignancies: chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Having developed a one-pot synthesis methodology that converts azides into 5-alkynyl-1,2,3-triazole, we synthesized two series of products: nucleosidic and non-nucleosidic. For each of these series, structure-activity relationships have been established. After running several cycles of optimization, three lead compounds particularly active on resistant cell lines of CML and MDS were selected. Further, their mode of action proved to be very interesting. It is based (partially or fully, depending on the compound) on a cellular process, which is experiencing a real renewed interest, the autophagy. An in vivo evaluation confirmed the promising activity of our nucleosidic lead compound. Moreover, studies aiming at determining the intracellular localization and molecular targets of our products are currently in progress
74

Mechanism of Transformation and Therapeutic Targets for Hematological Neoplasms Harboring Oncogenic KIT Mutation

Martin, Holly René January 2014 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Gain-of-function mutations in the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase have been associated with highly malignant human neoplasms. In particular, an acquired somatic mutation at codon 816 in the second catalytic domain of KIT involving an aspartic acid to valine substitution is found in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The presence of this mutation in SM and AML is associated with poor prognosis and overall survival. This mutation changes the conformation of the KIT receptor resulting in altered substrate recognition and constitutive tyrosine autophosphorylation leading to constitutive ligand independent growth. As there are currently no efficacious therapeutic agents against this mutation, this study sought to define novel therapeutic targets that contribute to aberrant signaling downstream from KITD816V that promote transformation of primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in diseases such as AML and SM. This study shows that oncogenic KITD814V (murine homolog) induced myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) occurs in the absence of ligand stimulation, and that intracellular tyrosines are important for KITD814V-induced MPN. Among the seven intracellular tyrosines examined, tyrosine 719 alone has a unique role in regulating KITD814V-induced proliferation and survival. Residue tyrosine 719 is vital for activation of the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), p85α, downstream from KITD814V. Downstream effectors of the PI3K signaling pathway, in of leukemic cells bearing KITD814V with an allosteric inhibitor of Pak or its genetic inactivation results in growth repression due to enhanced apoptosis. To assess the role of Rac GEFs in KITD814V induced transformation, EHop-016, an inhibitor of Rac, was used to specifically target Vav1, and found to be a potent inhibitor of human and murine leukemic cell growth. In vivo, the inhibition of Vav or Rac or Pak delayed the onset of MPN and rescued the associated pathology in mice. These studies provide insight on mechanisms and potential novel therapeutic targets for hematological malignancies harboring an oncogenic KIT mutation.
75

PERFIL HEMATOLÓGICO E BIOQUÍMICO DE Cebus libidinosus Spix, 1923 e Alouatta caraya Humboldt, 1812 DE VIDA LIVRE NO SUL DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS.

Ribeiro, Cynthia Leão Baldini 01 August 2013 (has links)
Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-08-17T17:57:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CYNTHIA LEAO BALDINI RIBEIRO.pdf: 1579335 bytes, checksum: 572a71d61283078013580904ce4f09b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T17:57:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CYNTHIA LEAO BALDINI RIBEIRO.pdf: 1579335 bytes, checksum: 572a71d61283078013580904ce4f09b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-01 / To determine the hematological reference values for various blood dosages in healthy and free-living adults of Cebus libidinosus (bearded capuchin monkeys) and Alouatta caraya (black howler), and to investigate the possible variations related to sex, blood samples were collected from 15 bearded capuchin monkeys (5 males and 10 females) and 47 from black howler monkeys (28 males and 19 females), all manually captured during the fauna rescue of the São Salvador hydroelectric plant located south of the State of Tocantins, in the upper Tocantins River. Therefore, 26 variables were evaluated and divided into the following groups: lipid profile (five variables), hematological profile (nine variables), biochemical (ten variables) and hormonal dosages (two variables). The results for each variable are presented and compared by sex, using descriptive statistics considering the minimum and maximum values, the mean and standard deviation. Significant differences were observed for C. libidinosus in only three variables (body weight, creatinin and T3 hormone) and significant sex difference in only one group of variables (hormones), whereas for A. caraya, significant difference was observed in eight variables (body weight, VLDL, triglycerides, total proteins, RDW, platelet count, LDH and alkaline phosphatase), and only the group of variables related to general biochemistry showed significant sex difference. The importance of this scientific work is due to its unprecedented nature related to the assessment and sexual variation of hematological and biochemical profile of free-living Cebus libidinosus and Alouatta caraya. / Com o objetivo de determinar os valores hematológicos de referência para várias dosagens sanguíneas em Cebus libidinosus (macacos-prego) e Alouatta caraya (bugios pretos) adultos, sadios, de vida livre e investigar as possíveis variações relacionadas ao sexo, foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 15 macacos-prego (5 machos e 10 fêmeas) e 47 bugios pretos (28 machos e 19 fêmeas), todos capturados manualmente durante o resgate de fauna da usina hidrelétrica São Salvador situada ao sul do Estado do Tocantins, no alto rio Tocantins. Foram avaliadas 26 variáveis distribuídas nos seguintes grupos: perfil lipídico (cinco variáveis), perfil hematológico (nove variáveis), dosagens bioquímicas (dez variáveis) e hormonais (duas variáveis). Os resultados obtidos para cada variável foram apresentados e comparados por sexo usando estatística descritiva considerando os valores mínimos, máximos, média e desvio padrão. Para C. libidinosus foi observada diferenças significativas em apenas três variáveis (Peso corporal, creatinina e hormônio T3), houve diferença significativa relacionada ao sexo em apenas um grupo de variáveis (hormônios), enquanto que para A. caraya foi observada diferença significativa em oito variáveis (peso corporal, VLDL, triglicérides, proteínas totais, RDW, plaquetas, DHL e fosfatase alcalina), apenas o grupo de variáveis relacionado à bioquímica geral apresentou variação relacionado aos sexos. A importância deste trabalho científico deve-se ao seu caráter inédito relacionado à avaliação e variação sexual do perfil hematológico e bioquímico de Cebus libidinosus e Alouatta caraya de vida livre.
76

Estudo comparativo entre diferentes metodologias na detecção da mutação JAK2V617F em Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas Crônicas BCR-ABL1 negativo / Comparative analysis among different techniques for JAK2V617F mutation in BCR-ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasm

Didone, Alline 30 November 2015 (has links)
As Neoplasias mieloproliferativas (NMP) representam um vasto grupo de doenças clonais hematológicas malignas com três elementos principais: Policitemia vera (PV), Trombocitemia essencial (TE), e Mielofibrose Primária (MFP). JAK2 é uma proteína citoplasmática com atividade de tirosina quinase com função na transdução de várias vias na hematopoiese. A identificação da mutação do gene JAK2 (JAK2V617F) nas PV, TE e MFP representa um importante avanço para a compreensão da biologia destas NMPs. Variações marcantes na frequência desta mutação são observadas entre os diferentes estudos e acredita-se que um dos fatores responsáveis por estas diferenças seja a sensibilidade do método utilizado. Atualmente, diversas técnicas para detecção de JAK2V617F têm sido utilizadas, testadas e validadas quanto à sua sensibilidade e especificidade, entre elas: PCR RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphysm), ARMS PCR (Amplification-Refractory Mutation System), HRM (High-Resolution Melt Analysis) e Sequenciamento pela técnica de Sanger. Neste estudo foram realizadas todas as metodologias citadas anteriormente para a detecção da mutação de JAK2V617F em amostras de sangue de 136 pacientes (PV=20; MFP=20; TE=28; suspeita de NMP=68). Os resultados obtidos foram concordantes para as quatro técnicas empregadas nos pacientes com PV e MFP, já nos pacientes com TE as metodologias PCR-ARMS e PCR-HRM detectaram a mutação JAK2V617F em 67,8% enquanto o PCR-RFLP e o Sequenciamento pela técnica de Sanger foi 71,4% e 64,2% respectivamente. Nos casos onde houve suspeita diagnóstica de NMP também foram encontradas discordâncias entre as metodologias PCR-RFLP (4,4%) e PCR-HRM (1,5%) quando comparadas ao PCR-ARMS (3%) e o Sequenciamento (3%). O PCR-ARMS foi considerado nesse estudo como a melhor técnica para a detecção da mutação JAK2V617F, devido o menor risco de contaminação cruzada durante a reação, baixo tempo de execução, além da sua capacidade de determinação da carga alélica de JAK2, importante para o acompanhamento do paciente / Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) represent a large group of clonal hematologic malignant diseases with three main members: Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), and Primary Mielofibroses (PMF). JAK2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase protein and is important in different signal transduction pathways. Identification of JAK2V617F mutation in PV, ET and PMF is an important advance for understanding the biology of MPN. Differences in the frequency of this mutation are reported among different studies and it is believed that technical sensitivity could be the major reason for this variability. Currently, several techniques for detection of JAK2V617F have been developed, tested and validated for their sensitivity and specificity, including: PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphysm), PCR-ARMS (Amplification Refractory Mutation System), PCR-HRM (High-Resolution Melt analysis) and Sanger Direct Sequencing. The present study, evaluated all four molecular diagnostic methods mentioned above blood samples from 136 patients (PV=20; MFP=20; ET=28 and other MPN=68). Comparable results were observed for PV and PMF when all technics were applied. Patients with diagnosis of ET JAK2V617F mutations were detected in 67.8% when PCR-ARMS and PCR-HRM were used whilst PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing detected 71.4% and 64.2% respectively. In 68 patients with suspicion of MPN discordant results were seen between PCR-RFLP (4.4%) and PCR-HRM (1.5%) when compared to PCR-ARMS (3%) and direct sequencing (3%) related to JAK2V617F frequency. In conclusion PCR-ARMS was considered the most reliable methodology for JAK2V617F detection by presenting the lowest risk for cross contamination, less laborious, and the ability in determining allele burden that is becoming an important tool for risk stratification
77

Parâmetros toxicológicos em piavas (Leporinus obtusidens) e jundiás (Rhamdia quelen) após exposição a uma formulação comercial de glyphosate / Toxicological parameters in piava (Leporinus obtusidens) and jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) after exposure to commercial formulation of glyphosate

Glusczak, Lissandra 15 February 2008 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The commercial formulations of glyphosate herbicide have been widely used in agriculture and pisciculture for controlling plant weeds. Fish can be affected when drainage water reaches water courses, causing a disturbance in the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure to a commercial formulation of glyphosate affects toxicological parameters in piavas (Leporinus obtusidens) and jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). Piavas were exposed to: 0 (control), 3, 6, 10 or 20 mg/L of glyphosate (480 g/L) and jundiás to 0 (control), 0.2 or 0.4 mg/L, both for 96 h. Enzymatic (AChE), hematological (hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte and leucocyte count) and metabolic (glucose, glycogen, lactate, protein and ammonia) parameters were analyzed in different tissues of these species. In addition, oxidative stress parameters, such as activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase, protein carbonilation and TBARS levels were analyzed. The results showed that brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity decreased significantly in both species exposed, but there was no significant change in the muscle tissue. There was a decrease in hematological parameters in blood of piavas. After exposure to this herbicide, both species demonstrated metabolic disorders. In piavas, there was a reduction of glycogen and an increase of glucose in hepatic tissue, and a reduction of muscle glycogen and glucose. Lactate and protein showed a decrease in hepatic tissue after exposure to all concentrations of the herbicide, but in muscle tissue there was an increase in these metabolites. The levels of ammonia increased in both tissues after exposure, varying with the glyphosate concentration. In jundiás, there was an increase of hepatic glycogen, but a reduction of muscle glycogen at both concentrations tested. Glucose showed a decrease in liver and increase in muscle. After exposure to this herbicide, the levels of lactate were increased in both tissues. The levels of protein were increased in hepatic tissue and decreased in muscle tissue, while the levels of ammonia showed an increase at both herbicide concentrations in both tissues tested. Catalase activity showed an increase in jundiás, but not in piavas. TBARS levels showed an elevation in muscle tissue in jundiás while in piavas there was an increase in hepatic tissue. An increase in protein carbonyl formation in liver of jundiás was observed. In addition, there was an increase in mucus parameters in piavas. These results indicate that the parameters measured may be good indicators of herbicide contamination in piavas and jundiás of the southern region of Brazil. / As formulações comerciais do herbicida glyphosate têm sido amplamente utilizadas na agricultura e na piscicultura para controle de plantas daninhas. Os peixes podem ser afetados quando as águas de drenagem atingem os cursos d água, acarretando um desequilíbrio no ecossistema aquático. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de uma formulação comercial de glyphosate sobre parâmetros toxicológicos em piavas (Leporinus obtusidens) e jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). Piavas foram expostas à: 0 (controle), 3, 6, 10 ou 20 mg/L de glyphosate (480 g/L) e os jundiás à 0 (controle), 0,2 ou 0,4 mg/L , ambos por 96 h. Os parâmetros analisados foram enzimáticos (AChE), hematológicos (hematócrito, hemoglobina, contagem de eritrócitos e de leucócitos) e metabólicos (glicose, glicogênio, lactato, proteína e amônia) em diferentes tecidos destas espécies. Ademais, analisaram-se parâmetros de estresse oxidativo, como a atividade da enzima antioxidante catalase, carbonilação de proteínas e níveis de TBARS. Os resultados mostraram que a atividade da acetilcolinesterase (AChE) cerebral diminuiu significativamente em ambas as espécies expostas, porém no tecido muscular não se observaram alterações significativas. Houve um decréscimo nos parâmetros hematológicos no sangue de piavas expostas. Após exposição ao glyphosate, as duas espécies demonstraram desordens metabólicas. Em piavas, ocorreu uma redução nos níveis de glicogênio e um aumento nos níveis de glicose no tecido hepático, porém uma significante redução do glicogênio e glicose muscular. As concentrações de lactato e proteína apresentaram uma diminuição no tecido hepático após exposição a todas as concentrações deste herbicida, porém no tecido muscular houve um aumento destes metabólitos. Os níveis de amônia aumentaram em ambos tecidos após exposição às diferentes concentrações do glyphosate. Em jundiás, a glicose esteve reduzida no fígado e aumentada no músculo. Houve um aumento do glicogênio hepático, mas uma redução do glicogênio muscular em ambas as concentrações testadas. Após exposição a este herbicida, os níveis de lactato estavam aumentados em ambos tecidos. Os níveis de proteína estavam aumentados no tecido hepático e diminuídos no tecido muscular, enquanto os níveis de amônia estavam aumentados em ambas as concentrações e tecidos testados. A atividade da enzima antioxidante catalase apresentou um aumento em jundiás expostos, porém em piavas não houve alterações. Os níveis de TBARS em jundiás mostraram uma elevação no tecido muscular enquanto em piavas houve um aumento no tecido hepático. Observou-se um aumento na formação de proteína carbonila em fígado de jundiás. Além disso, houve aumento nos parâmetros do muco (glicose e proteína) em piavas expostas. Estes resultados indicam que os parâmetros medidos podem ser bons indicadores da contaminação deste herbicida em piavas e jundiás da região Sul.
78

Estudo comparativo entre diferentes metodologias na detecção da mutação JAK2V617F em Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas Crônicas BCR-ABL1 negativo / Comparative analysis among different techniques for JAK2V617F mutation in BCR-ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasm

Alline Didone 30 November 2015 (has links)
As Neoplasias mieloproliferativas (NMP) representam um vasto grupo de doenças clonais hematológicas malignas com três elementos principais: Policitemia vera (PV), Trombocitemia essencial (TE), e Mielofibrose Primária (MFP). JAK2 é uma proteína citoplasmática com atividade de tirosina quinase com função na transdução de várias vias na hematopoiese. A identificação da mutação do gene JAK2 (JAK2V617F) nas PV, TE e MFP representa um importante avanço para a compreensão da biologia destas NMPs. Variações marcantes na frequência desta mutação são observadas entre os diferentes estudos e acredita-se que um dos fatores responsáveis por estas diferenças seja a sensibilidade do método utilizado. Atualmente, diversas técnicas para detecção de JAK2V617F têm sido utilizadas, testadas e validadas quanto à sua sensibilidade e especificidade, entre elas: PCR RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphysm), ARMS PCR (Amplification-Refractory Mutation System), HRM (High-Resolution Melt Analysis) e Sequenciamento pela técnica de Sanger. Neste estudo foram realizadas todas as metodologias citadas anteriormente para a detecção da mutação de JAK2V617F em amostras de sangue de 136 pacientes (PV=20; MFP=20; TE=28; suspeita de NMP=68). Os resultados obtidos foram concordantes para as quatro técnicas empregadas nos pacientes com PV e MFP, já nos pacientes com TE as metodologias PCR-ARMS e PCR-HRM detectaram a mutação JAK2V617F em 67,8% enquanto o PCR-RFLP e o Sequenciamento pela técnica de Sanger foi 71,4% e 64,2% respectivamente. Nos casos onde houve suspeita diagnóstica de NMP também foram encontradas discordâncias entre as metodologias PCR-RFLP (4,4%) e PCR-HRM (1,5%) quando comparadas ao PCR-ARMS (3%) e o Sequenciamento (3%). O PCR-ARMS foi considerado nesse estudo como a melhor técnica para a detecção da mutação JAK2V617F, devido o menor risco de contaminação cruzada durante a reação, baixo tempo de execução, além da sua capacidade de determinação da carga alélica de JAK2, importante para o acompanhamento do paciente / Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) represent a large group of clonal hematologic malignant diseases with three main members: Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), and Primary Mielofibroses (PMF). JAK2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase protein and is important in different signal transduction pathways. Identification of JAK2V617F mutation in PV, ET and PMF is an important advance for understanding the biology of MPN. Differences in the frequency of this mutation are reported among different studies and it is believed that technical sensitivity could be the major reason for this variability. Currently, several techniques for detection of JAK2V617F have been developed, tested and validated for their sensitivity and specificity, including: PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphysm), PCR-ARMS (Amplification Refractory Mutation System), PCR-HRM (High-Resolution Melt analysis) and Sanger Direct Sequencing. The present study, evaluated all four molecular diagnostic methods mentioned above blood samples from 136 patients (PV=20; MFP=20; ET=28 and other MPN=68). Comparable results were observed for PV and PMF when all technics were applied. Patients with diagnosis of ET JAK2V617F mutations were detected in 67.8% when PCR-ARMS and PCR-HRM were used whilst PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing detected 71.4% and 64.2% respectively. In 68 patients with suspicion of MPN discordant results were seen between PCR-RFLP (4.4%) and PCR-HRM (1.5%) when compared to PCR-ARMS (3%) and direct sequencing (3%) related to JAK2V617F frequency. In conclusion PCR-ARMS was considered the most reliable methodology for JAK2V617F detection by presenting the lowest risk for cross contamination, less laborious, and the ability in determining allele burden that is becoming an important tool for risk stratification
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Interação de hemoparasitos e hemoparasitoses em casos clínicos de trombocitopenia em cães no município de Goiânia / Interaction of hemoparasites and hemoparasitoses in clinical cases of thrombocytopenia in dogs in the city of Goiânia

COSTA, Hérika Xavier da 25 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:07:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Herika Xavier da Costa.pdf: 698865 bytes, checksum: 5690033d276bcffe9deb9d5e0535394d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / The most important hemoparasites in dogs clinic are often associated with the manifestation of thrombocytopenia, being characterized by a lowering in platelet numbers. The aim of the current study was to verify the involvement of hemoparasites in finding thrombocytopenia in dogs from the city of Goiânia treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal University of Goiás (HV/EV/UFG). For this study, 300 animals were selected and divided into two groups:one group with 150 animals with thrombocytopenia (< 200.000 platelets/mm3)and another one with 150 non-thrombocytopenic animals (&#8805; 200.000 platelets/mm3). Blood samples with EDTA were collected in the two groups for total DNA extraction. All DNA eluates were tested by PCR for specific detection of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma canis,Hepatozoon canis, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Babesia canis vogeli, Babesia gibsoni and Theileria equi. The frequency of positive samples within the group of thrombocytopenic animals was 71.3% (107/150) to E. canis, 8.7% (13/150) for A. platys, 9.3% for B. c. vogeli (14/150), 2.0% (3/150) for H. canis and 3.3% (5/150)for M. haemocanis.In the group of non-thrombocytopenic animals the frequency of positives was 14% (21/150) for E. canis, 3.3% (5/150) for A. platys, 0.7% (1/150) for B. c. Vogeli, 4.0% (6/150) for H. canis and 1.3% (2/150) for M.haemocanis. Babesia gibsoni and Theileria equi were not detected using PCR assays.Statisti cally significant associations between thrombocytopenia and infections by hemoparasites were only observed for E. canis (P <0.05) and B. c.vogeli (P <0.05). The most frequently hemoparasitosis was Canine Monocitic Erliquiosis, which occurred in 71,33% (107/150) within thrombocytopenic dogs group and in 14% (21/150) within non-thrombocytopenic dogs group. There was a relationship between the thrombocytopenia degree observed and the infection by E. canis. Values of severe thrombocytopenia (<50.000 platelets/mm3 blood) can be considered an indicator for infection of E. canis. / Os principais hemoparasitos de importância na clínica de cães estão, frequentemente, relacionados com a manifes tação de trombocitopenia, a qual é caracterizada por uma diminuição no número de plaquetas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar o envolvimento de hemoparasitos nos achados de trombocitopenia em cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Para o estudo foram selecionados 300 animais, divididos em dois grupos de 150, sendo um grupo de animais trombocitopênicos (<200.000 plaquetas/mm3) e outro grupo representado por animais não-trombocitopênicos (&#8805;200.000 plaquetas/mm3). Foram coletadas amostras de sangue com EDTA dos dois grupos para a extração de DNA total. Os eluatos de DNA foram, todos, submetidos a testes de PCR para a detecção específica de Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma canis, Hepatozoon canis, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Babesia canis vogeli, Babesia gibsoni e Theileria equi. A frequência de amostras positivas entre o grupo de animais trombocitopênicos foi de 71,3% (107/150) para E. canis, 8,7% (13/150) para A. platys, 9,3% para B. c. vogeli (14/150), 2,0% (3/150) para H. canis e 3,3% (5/150) para M. haemocanis. No grupo de não-trombocitopênicos a frequência de positivos foram de 14% (21/150) para E. canis, 3,3% (5/150) para A. platys, 0,7% (1/150) para B. c. vogeli, 4,0% (6/150) para H. canis e 1,3% (2/150) para M. haemocanis. Babesia gibsoni e Theileria equi não foram detectadas usando ensaios de PCR. Associações estatisticamente significativas entre casos de trombocitopenia e infecções por hemoparasitos foram observadas apenas para E. canis (P<0,05) e B. c. vogeli (P<0,05). A hemoparasitose de maior frequência foi a Erliquiose Monocitica Canina, ocorrendo em 71,33% (107/150) no grupo de cães trombocitopênicos e em 14% (21/150) do grupo de cães não trombocitopênicos. Verificou-se uma relação entre o grau de trombocitopenia e a infecção por E. canis. Valores de trombocitopenia severa (<50.000 plaquetas/mm3 de sangue) demonstrou ser um indicador de infecção por E. canis.
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Physiological characteristics of sodium lactate infusion during resistance exercise / Fysiologisk karakteristika av natriumlaktat infusion under styrketräning

Danielsson, Sebastian January 2019 (has links)
Previous studies that utilized sodium lactate infusion did not use resistance exercise protocol or analyzed muscle biopsies, or performed sex specific analysis. Aim: We initiated a project where resistance exercise was performed with low and high levels of lactate, acquired by venous lactate infusion where the specific aim of this study was to investigate and chart the physiological characteristics of sodium lactate infusion during a bout of resistance exercise on whole group level and sexes separated Method: A randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over design was implemented where male (n = 8) and female (n = 8) subjects accustomed to resistance exercise visited the laboratory three times for preliminary testing and training familiarization. In the following two experimental trials subjects arrived in an overnight fasted state. A resting state muscle biopsy was extracted from m. vastus lateralis and repeated blood samples were initiated which followed by 20 minute of baseline infusion of either infusate in resting state at 0.05 mmol/kg/min infusion rate with additional bolus doses during subsequent exercise. Following a brief warm up, unilateral knee-extensions (6 x 8-10 reps at 75% of 1-RM) were performered with or without venous infusion of sodium lactate, with volume matched saline as control. Exercise load and volume were matched between trials. Four additional biopsies were extracted at post-exercise, recovery period, and 24-hour post-exercise. Results: Sodium lactate infusion vs saline infusion respectively during resistance exercise yielded significantly higher blood lactate with sodium lactate (6.78 ± 0.33 mmol/l vs 2.99 ± 0.17 mmol/l), plasma lactate (8.86 ± 0.39 mmol/l vs 4.39 ± 0.22 mmol/l), blood sodium (143 ± 0.4 mmol/l vs 142 ± 0.3 mmol/l), blood pH (7.42 ± 0.01 vs 7.34 ± 0.01), but lower blood potassium (3.9 ± 0.1 mmol/l vs 4.2 ±  0.1 mmol/l), all  immediately following exercise. Sodium lactate infusion elicited main effect of trials and muscle lactate increased from baseline (8.5 ± 0.9 mmol·kg-1 dw vs 7.0 ± 0.6 mmol·kg-1 dw) to post-exercise (31.5 ± 2.8 mmol·kg-1 dw vs 26.9 ± 3.2 mmol·kg-1 dw) with sodium lactate and saline infusion respectively. Blood glucose, hemoglobin and muscle pH was not affected by sodium lactate infusion. Conclusions: Utilization of the sodium lactate infusion method during a bout of resistance exercise may be used as tool to effectively increase blood/plasma lactate and, to lesser extent, muscle content of lactate. However, a concomitant slightly alkalizing effect of blood likely will occur. / Tidigare studier som använt natriumlaktat infusion använde inte styrketräningsprotokoll, eller analyserade muskelbiopsier eller utförde könsspecifika analyser. Syfte och frågeställningar: Vi initierade ett projekt där styrketräning utfördes med låga eller höga nivåer av laktat som erhölls genom venös natriumlaktat infusion med det specifika syftet att undersöka och kartlägga fysiologisk karakteristiska av naturiumlaktat infusion under styrketräningsövning på helgrupps- och könsseparerad nivå. Följande frågeställningar inrättades; hur påverkar natriumlaktat infusion under styrketräning helblod- och plasma laktat, glukos, natrium, kalium, plasma volym genom hemoglobin och hematokrit, blod pH, muskellaktat- och muskel pH samt om skillnader i respons finns efter att könsspecifika analyser utförts på dessa variabler. Metod: En randomiserad, placebokontrollerad cross-over design implementerades där styrketräningsvana män (n = 8) och kvinnor (n = 8) besökte laboratoriet tre gånger för preliminäraför tester och träningsfamiliarisering. I efterföljande två experimentella försök anlände försökspersonerna i ett över nattligt fastande tillstånd. En baslinje biopsi extraherades från m. vastus lateralis och repeterade blodprover initierades med efterföljande 20 minuter av baslinje infusion av endera infusat i vilotillstånd med 0.05 mmol/kg/min infusionshastighet med ytterligare bolusdoser under efterföljande träning. Efter en kort uppvärmning utfördes unilaterala knäextensioner (6 x 8-10 reps vid 75% av 1-RM) med eller utan venös infusion av natrium laktat, med volymmatchande saltlösning som kontroll. Träningsbelastning och volym matchades mellan försök. Ytterligare fyra biopsier extraherades vid efter-träning, återhämtningsperiod, och efter 24 timmar. Resultat: Natriumlaktat respektive saltlösnings infusion under styrketräning gav signifikant högre blodlaktat med natriumlaktat infusion (6.78 ± 0.33 mmol/l mot 2.99 ± 0.17 mmol/l), plasmalaktat (8.86 ± 0.39 mmol/l mot 4.39 ± 0.22 mmol/l), blodnatrium (143 ± 0.4 mmol/l mot 142 ± 0.3 mmol/l), blod pH (7.42 ± 0.01 mot 7.34 ± 0.01), men lägre blod kalium (3.9 ± 0.1 mmol/l mot 4.2 ± 0.1 mmol/l), alla direkt efter träning. Natriumlaktat infusion framkallade huvudeffekt av försök och muskellaktat ökade från baslinje (8.5 ± 0.9 mmol·kg-1 dw mot 7.0 ± 0.6 mmol·kg-1 dw) till efter-träning (31.5 ± 2.8 mmol·kg-1 dw mot 26.9 ± 3.2 mmol·kg-1 dw) med natriumlaktat respektive saltlösnings infusion. Blodglukos, hemoglobin och muskel pH påverkades inte av natriumlaktat infusion. Slutsats: Användande av natriumlaktat infusion som metod under styrketräning kan effektivt användas som verktyg för att höja blod/plasma laktat, och i mindre utsträckning, muskellaktat. Emellertid är samtidig alkalisering av blod en sannolik följd. / Potential sex differences in the molecular response to resistance exercise with lactate infusion

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