L’investissement étranger est considéré aujourd’hui comme un facteur clé voire une valeur ajoutée à même de faciliter le développement de l’État d’accueil. Ainsi, l'État congolais mise sur l’amélioration de son arsenal juridique interne dont l’objectif consiste à attirer de nombreux investisseurs et investissements étrangers sur son territoire. Pour ce faire, des réformes tendant à l’amélioration de principaux textes juridiques applicables directement ou indirectement en matière d’admission et de sécurisation des investissements étrangers afin de se conformer aux standards internationaux deviennent une obsession pour cet État, dont la finalité demeure : la valorisation de ses ressources naturelles notamment le cobalt, le germanium et la colombo-tantalite etc. très souvent inexploitées et utile à même de servir à la production des batteries pour les voitures électriques. Il serait donc nécessaire désormais que le contrôle de l’État souverain sur ses ressources naturelles considérées comme des minerais stratégiques soit davantage renforcé et que le contentieux en matière d’investissement soit confié à des entités qui prennent en compte l’intérêt général au détriment des arbitrages sous l’égide des arbitres privés, défendant les intérêts privés. Ainsi, la création d’un Centre international africain de règlement des différends pourrait être profitable notamment en permettant aux experts africains - tant arbitres qu’avocats - d’être plus présents dans le cadre des procédures impliquant leurs États d’origine / Foreign investment is now considered a key factor or even an added value that can facilitate the development of the host country. Thus, the Congolese State is focusing on improving its domestic legal arsenal, the objective of which is to attract many foreign investors and investments to its territory. To this end, reforms aimed at improving the main legal texts directly or indirectly applicable to the admission and security of foreign investments in order to comply with international standards are becoming an obsession for this State, the purpose of which remains: the development of its natural resources, in particular cobalt, germanium and colombo-tantalite etc., which are very often unexploited and useful for the production of batteries for electric cars. It would therefore now be necessary for the sovereign State to strengthen its control over its natural resources considered as strategic minerals and for investment litigation to be entrusted to entities that take into account the general interest to the detriment of arbitrations under the aegis of private arbitrators, defending private interests. Thus, the creation of an African International Dispute Resolution Centre could be beneficial, in particular by allowing African experts - both arbitrators and lawyers - to be more present in proceedings involving their States of origin

Software systems usually consist of multiple artefacts, such as requirements, class diagrams, or source code. Documents, such as specifications and documentation, can also be viewed as artefacts. In practice, however, writing and updating documents is often neglected because it is expensive and brings no immediate benefit. Consequently, documents are often outdated and communicate wrong information about the software. The price is paid later when a software system must be maintained and much implicit knowledge that existed at the time of the original development has been lost. A simple way to keep documents up to date is generation. However, not all documents can be fully generated. Usually, at least some content must be written by a human author. This handwritten content is lost if the documents must be regenerated. In this thesis, Elucidative Development is introduced. It is an approach to create documents by partial generation. Partial generation means that some parts of the document are generated whereas others are handwritten. Elucidative Development retains manually written content when the document is regenerated. An integral part of Elucidative Development is a guidance system, which informs the author about changes in the generated content and helps him update the handwritten content.:1 Introduction 1.1 Contributions 1.2 Scope of the Thesis 1.3 Organisation 2 Problem Analysis and Solution Outline 2.1 Redundancy and Inconsistency 2.2 Improving Consistency with Partial Generation 2.3 Conclusion 3 Background 3.1 Grammar-Based Modularisation 3.2 Model-Driven Software Development 3.3 Round-Trip Engineering 3.4 Conclusion 4 Elucidative Development 4.1 General Idea and Running Example 4.2 Requirements of Elucidative Development 4.3 Structure and Basic Concepts of Elucidative Documents 4.4 Presentation Layer 4.5 Guidance 4.6 Conclusion 5 Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.1 General Idea and Running Example 5.2 Requirements of Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.3 Structure and Basic Concepts of Elucidative Documents in Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.4 Guidance 5.5 Conclusion 6 Extensions of Elucidative Development 6.1 Validating XML-based Elucidative Documents 6.2 Backpropagation-Based Round-Trip Engineering for Computed Text Document Fragments 6.3 Conclusion 7 Tool Support for an Elucidative Development Environment 7.1 Managing Active References 7.2 Inserting Computed Document Fragments 7.3 Caching the Computed Document Fragments 7.4 Elucidative Document Validation with Schemas 7.5 Conclusion 8 Related Work 8.1 Related Documentation Approaches 8.2 Consistency Approaches 8.3 Compound Documents 8.4 Conclusion 9 Evaluation 9.1 Creating and Maintaining the Cool Component Specification 9.2 Creating and Maintaining the UML Specification 9.3 Feasibility Studies 9.4 Conclusion 10 Conclusion / Softwaresysteme setzen sich üblicherweise aus vielen verschiedenen Artefakten zusammen, zum Beispiel Anforderungen, Klassendiagrammen oder Quellcode. Dokumente, wie zum Beispiel Spezifikationen oder Dokumentation, können auch als Artefakte betrachtet werden. In der Praxis wird aber das Schreiben und Aktualisieren von Dokumenten oft vernachlässigt, weil es zum einen teuer ist und zum anderen keinen unmittelbaren Vorteil bringt. Dokumente sind darum häufig veraltet und vermitteln falsche Informationen über die Software. Den Preis muss man später zahlen, wenn die Software gepflegt wird, weil viel von dem impliziten Wissen, das zur Zeit der Entwicklung existierte, verloren ist. Eine einfache Möglichkeit, Dokumente aktuell zu halten, ist Generierung. Allerdings können nicht alle Dokumente generiert werden. Meist muss wenigstens ein Teil von einem Menschen geschrieben werden. Dieser handgeschriebene Inhalt geht verloren, wenn das Dokument neu generiert werden muss. In dieser Arbeit wird das Elucidative Development vorgestellt. Dabei handelt es sich um einen Ansatz zur Dokumenterzeugung mittels partieller Generierung. Das bedeutet, dass Teile eines Dokuments generiert werden und der Rest von Hand ergänzt wird. Beim Elucidative Development bleibt der handgeschriebene Inhalt bestehen, wenn das restliche Dokument neu generiert wird. Ein integraler Bestandteil von Elucidative Development ist darüber hinaus ein Hilfesystem, das den Autor über Änderungen an generiertem Inhalt informiert und ihm hilft, den handgeschriebenen Inhalt zu aktualisieren.:1 Introduction 1.1 Contributions 1.2 Scope of the Thesis 1.3 Organisation 2 Problem Analysis and Solution Outline 2.1 Redundancy and Inconsistency 2.2 Improving Consistency with Partial Generation 2.3 Conclusion 3 Background 3.1 Grammar-Based Modularisation 3.2 Model-Driven Software Development 3.3 Round-Trip Engineering 3.4 Conclusion 4 Elucidative Development 4.1 General Idea and Running Example 4.2 Requirements of Elucidative Development 4.3 Structure and Basic Concepts of Elucidative Documents 4.4 Presentation Layer 4.5 Guidance 4.6 Conclusion 5 Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.1 General Idea and Running Example 5.2 Requirements of Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.3 Structure and Basic Concepts of Elucidative Documents in Model-Driven Elucidative Development 5.4 Guidance 5.5 Conclusion 6 Extensions of Elucidative Development 6.1 Validating XML-based Elucidative Documents 6.2 Backpropagation-Based Round-Trip Engineering for Computed Text Document Fragments 6.3 Conclusion 7 Tool Support for an Elucidative Development Environment 7.1 Managing Active References 7.2 Inserting Computed Document Fragments 7.3 Caching the Computed Document Fragments 7.4 Elucidative Document Validation with Schemas 7.5 Conclusion 8 Related Work 8.1 Related Documentation Approaches 8.2 Consistency Approaches 8.3 Compound Documents 8.4 Conclusion 9 Evaluation 9.1 Creating and Maintaining the Cool Component Specification 9.2 Creating and Maintaining the UML Specification 9.3 Feasibility Studies 9.4 Conclusion 10 Conclusion

Today's society is increasingly shaped by new digital technologies and digital work practices. We live in an era that is rapidly changing, and this poses demands on Sweden's industries to meet the requirements and needs of our industrial society. One industry that has struggled to keep up with the pace of digitalization is the construction industry. The construction industry is characterized by high complexity and numerous processes involving various stakeholders, as each building project has its own unique conditions and requirements. In addition to this, the stakeholders have their own conditions and needs related to technology and the use of digital tools. In order to fully leverage the opportunities of digitalization, it is important for actors to be aware of their own, as well as their co-actors', conditions and needs related to technology, especially when implementing new technology and digital work practices, to ensure the implementation is as successful as possible.  This study has been conducted within a project consulting firm with the aim of analyzing differences and similarities in perceptions among actors and groups during the implementation of a changed digital work practice. To achieve this goal, a case study was conducted using data collection techniques such as document analysis, observation, and semi-structured interviews, with the interviews serving as the significant source of empirical data.  Once the empirical data was collected, it was categorized based on how the respondents agreed with each other within their own respondent group and in comparison to another respondent group. Overall, the authors did not find any inhibiting differences in the respondents' answers regarding implementation. However, concerns were raised regarding how the consulting firm's payment models were adapted to the new digital work practice.  After the study, the authors concluded that, in this case, they did not find significant differences in the respondents' answers that could hinder implementation for the consulting firm. The differences that existed were rather due to variations in the respondents' depth of understanding regarding technology. The main challenge highlighted with the new work practice was how the company would charge for the new technology. To fully utilize the opportunities of digitalization and keep up with the ongoing development, one of the suggestions for further research is the payment models of companies.

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Challenges on how to approach global sustainability issues are increasing along with the growing global warming. This entails an increasing pressure on firms to manage sustainability- related issues, both deriving from governance regulations as well as a from a growing consciousness from public institutions. Sustainability reporting is further both required within EU legislation and also expected from current societal values. However, sustainability reporting has been criticised for lacking comparability, reliability and thus legitimacy. Legitimation is a necessity for organisations to gain social acceptance. The field of sustainability reporting is rapidly developing which highlights the importance for organisations to stay updated on coming regulations and trends. The overarching aim of this thesis is to explore, advance and compile the understanding of challenges with current sustainability reporting methods. A further aim is to conduct a qualitative forecast analysis of what sustainability reporting will require in the future to gain legitimacy and identify potential upcoming challenges connected to this forecast. Literature within the sustainability reporting and accounting field have been reviewed as well as legitimacy and institutional theory. Interviews with experts within the studied field have been conducted, along with participant observations through a case company study. The study has concluded several challenges with sustainability reporting methods, among others that voluntary disclosure requirements contribute to the lack of standardisation, comparability, and reliability, and therefore also a lack of legitimacy. For the future, the new CSR directive is expected as new legislation for sustainability reporting within a few years and is expected to entail more extensive regulations and requirements on external auditing. The most commonly used reporting standard currently, the GRI, will not completely cover the future requirements and more focus of the entire supply chain can be expected. This study has contributed to the existing research field of sustainability reporting and accounting by compiling, exploring and analysing challenges from the papers´ perspective, which lead to a lack of legitimacy in sustainability reports. The study has, besides this, contributed to knowledge on the potential future of sustainability reporting based on statements and opinions from insightful interviewees together with the identified current challenges. / Utmaningarna kring hur man ska förhålla sig till globala hållbarhetsfrågor ökar i takt med den växande globala uppvärmningen. Detta innebär ett ökande tryck på företag att hantera hållbarhetsrelaterade frågor, som inte bara härrör från lagstiftning utan också har fått ett växande intresse från offentliga institutioner. Hållbarhetsrapportering krävs både inom EU lagstiftning, men är även förväntat utifrån nuvarande samhällsvärderingar. Hållbarhetsredovisningen har dock kritiserats för att sakna jämförbarhet, tillförlitlighet och därmed legitimitet. Legitimitet är en nödvändighet för organisationer för att hålla sig konkurrenskraftiga och även för att få acceptans från samhället. Hållbarhetsrapportering området utvecklas snabbt, vilket understryker vikten av att organisationer håller sig uppdaterade kring kommande regelverk och trender. Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att utforska, utveckla och sammanställa förståelsen kring utmaningar med nuvarande hållbarhetsredovisningsmetoder. Ett vidare syfte är att göra en kvalitativ framtidsprognos av vad hållbarhetsredovisning kommer att kräva i framtiden för att uppnå legitimitet och identifiera potentiella kommande utmaningar kopplade till denna prognos. Litteratur inom hållbarhetsrapportering och redovisning har granskats, samt legitimitet och institutionell teori. Intervjuer med experter inom det studerade området har genomförts, även "Participant Observations" har gjorts genom en fallstudie på ett företag. Den här studien har sammanställt flera utmaningar med hållbarhetsrapporteringsmetoder, bland annat att frivilliga innehållskrav bidrar till bristen på standardisering, jämförbarhet och tillförlitlighet och därför också bristande legitimitet. För framtiden väntas det nya CSR-direktivetsom ny lagstiftning för hållbarhetsredovisning inom några år och förväntas innebära mer omfattande regelverk och krav på extern revision. Den vanligaste rapporteringsstandarden för närvarande, GRI, kommer inte helt att täcka de framtida kraven och mer fokus på hela leveranskedjan kan förväntas. Denna studie har bidragit till det befintliga forskningsfältet för hållbarhetsrapportering och redovisning genom att sammanställa, utforska och analysera utmaningar från utförarnas perspektiv, vilket leder till bristande legitimitet i hållbarhetsrapporter. Studien har utöver detta bidragit till kunskap om hållbarhetsredovisningens potentiella framtid baserat på uttalanden och åsikter från insiktsfulla intervjupersoner tillsammans med de identifierade aktuella utmaningarna.

L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és analitzar com s'han de concebre les polítiques fiscals i monetàries en un context en què els polítics tenen problemes de credibilitat. Es desenvolupen metodologies i aplicacions per mostrar com diferents graus de credibilitat de les institucions polítiques afecten la determinació d'impostos, deute públic, instruments monetaris i, en general, els resultats econòmics. En el primer capítol - Loose commitment (Compromís Dèbil) -, s'introdueix una nova metodologia per resoldre problemes de política òptima tenint en compte que els polítics podrien no complir les seves promeses, i analitza els efectes de la credibilitat sobre la imposició sobre el capital i sobre el treball. El segon capítol - Political Disagreement Lack of Commitment and the Level of Debt (Desacord Polític, Falta de Compromís i el Nivell de Deute) - considera un cas en què la credibilitat es limitada per el fet d'haver-hi alternança entre polítics amb objectius diferents. En particular, es mostra com l'alternança política i la falta de compromís afecten el nivell de deute públic. Finalment, el tercer capítol - The Macroeconomic Effects of Unstable Monetary Policy Objectives (Els Efectes Macroeconòmics de la Inestabilitat dels Objectius de Política Monetària) - analitza com la possibilitat de canvis en els objectius influeixen en les decisions de política monetària. / El objetivo de esta tesis es analizar cómo se deben concebir las políticas fiscales y monetarias en un contexto en que los políticos tienen problemas de credibilidad. Se desarrollan metodologías y aplicaciones para mostrar cómo diferentes grados de credibilidad de las instituciones políticas afectan la determinación de impuestos, deuda pública, instrumentos monetarios y, en general, los resultados económicos. En el primer capítulo - Loose commitment (Compromiso Débil)-, se introduce una nueva metodología para resolver problemas de política óptima tomando en cuenta que los políticos podrían no cumplir con sus promesas, y analiza los efectos de la credibilidad sobre la imposición sobre el capital y el trabajo. El segundo capítulo - Political Disagreement Lack of Commitment and the Level of Debt (Desacuerdo Político, Falta de Compromiso y el Nivel de Deuda) - considera un caso en que la credibilidad está limitada por el hecho de que hay alternancia entre políticos con distintos objetivos. En particular, se muestra cómo la alternancia política y la falta de compromiso afectan el nivel de deuda pública. Por último, el tercer capítulo - The Macroeconomic Effects of Unstable Monetary Policy Objectives (Los Efectos Macroeconómicos de la Inestabilidad de los Objetivos de Política Monetaria) - analiza cómo la posibilidad de cambios en los objetivos influye en las decisiones de política monetaria. / The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how fiscal and monetary policies should be designed in a context where policymakers have credibility problems. Methodologies and applications are developed to show how different degrees of policymakers' credibility affect the determination of policy choices, such as taxes or monetary instruments, and more generally the economic outcomes.The first chapter - Loose Commitment -, introduces a new methodology to solve optimal policy problems taking into account that policymakers may not fulfill their promises, and analyzes the effects of policymakers' commitment on capital and labor taxation. The second chapter - Political Disagreement, Lack of Commitment and the Level of Debt - considers a case where commitment is limited by the fact that policymakers with different objectives alternate in office. In particular, it is shown how lack of commitment and political turnover affect the level of public debt. Finally, the third chapter - The Macroeconomic Effects of Unstable Monetary Policy Objectives - analyzes how the possibility of changes in policy objectives influences monetary policy choices.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to map the information provided by web browsers, which can be used in practice to identify users on websites. The work focuses on obtaining and subsequent analysis of information about devices, browsers and side effects caused by web extensions that mask the identity of users. The acquisition of information is realized by a designed and implemented library in the TypeScript language, which was deployed on 4 commercial websites. The analysis of the obtained information is carried out after a month of operation of the library and focuses on the degree of information obtained, the speed of obtaining information and the stability of information. The dataset shows that up to 94 % of potentially different users have a unique combination of information. The main contribution of this work lies in the created library, design of new methods of obtaining information, optimization of existing methods and the determination of quality and poor quality information based on their level of information, speed of acquisition and stability over time.

No description available.

We have examinined the problem of constructing efficient strategies for continuous-time dynamic asset allocation. In order to obtain efficient investment strategies; a stochastic optimal control approach was applied to find optimal transaction control. Two mathematical problems are formulized and studied: Model I; a dynamic programming approach that maximizes an isoelastic functional with respect to given underlying portfolio dynamics and Model II; a more sophisticated approach where a time-inconsistent state dependent mean-variance functional is considered. In contrast to the optimal controls for Model I, which are obtained by solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) partial differential equation; the efficient strategies for Model II are constructed by attaining subgame perfect Nash equilibrium controls that satisfy the extended HJB equation, introduced by Björk et al. in [1]. Furthermore; comprehensive execution algorithms where designed with help from the generated results and several simulations are performed. The results reveal that optimality is obtained for Model I by holding a fix portfolio balance throughout the whole investment period and Model II suggests a continuous liquidation of the risky holdings as time evolves. A clear advantage of using Model II is concluded as it is far more efficient and actually takes time-inconsistency into consideration. / Vi har undersökt problemet som uppstår vid konstruktion av effektiva strategier för tidskontinuerlig dynamisk tillgångsallokering. Tillvägagångsättet för konstruktionen av strategierna har baserats på stokastisk optimal styrteori där optimal transaktionsstyrning beräknas. Två matematiska problem formulerades och betraktades: Modell I, en metod där dynamisk programmering används för att maximera en isoelastisk funktional med avseende på given underliggande portföljdynamik. Modell II, en mer sofistikerad metod som tar i beaktning en tidsinkonsistent och tillståndsberoende avvägning mellan förväntad avkastning och varians. Till skillnad från de optimala styrvariablerna för Modell I som satisfierar Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellmans (HJB) partiella differentialekvation, konstrueras de effektiva strategierna för Modell II genom att erhålla subgame perfekt Nashjämvikt. Dessa satisfierar den utökade HJB ekvationen som introduceras av Björk et al. i [1]. Vidare har övergripande exekveringsalgoritmer skapats med hjälp av resultaten och ett flertal simuleringar har producerats. Resultaten avslöjar att optimalitet för Modell I erhålls genom att hålla en fix portföljbalans mellan de riskfria och riskfyllda tillgångarna, genom hela investeringsperioden. Medan för Modell II föreslås en kontinuerlig likvidering av de riskfyllda tillgångarna i takt med, men inte proportionerligt mot, tidens gång. Slutsatsen är att det finns en tydlig fördel med användandet av Modell II eftersom att resultaten påvisar en påtagligt högre grad av effektivitet samt att modellen faktiskt tar hänsyn till tidsinkonsistens.

[pt] Atualmente a metodologia correspondente ao estado da arte utilizada para o planejamento de médio-/longo-prazo da operação de sistemas elétricos de potência é a Programação Dual Dinâmica Estocástica (PDDE). No entanto, a tratabilidade computacional proporcionada por este método ainda requer simplificaçõeses consideráveis de detalhes de sistemas reais de maneira a atingir performaces aceitáveis em aplicações práticas. Simplificações feitas no estágio de planejamento em contraste com a implementação das decisões podem induzir políticas temporalmente inconsistentes e, consequentemente, um gap de sub-otimalidade. Inconsisência temporal em planejamento hidrotérmico pode ser induzida, por exemplo, ao assumir um coeficiente de produtividade constante para as hidrelétricas, ao agregar os reservatórios, ao negligenciar a segunda lei de Kirchhoff e neglienciando-se critérios de segurança em modelos de planejamento. As mesmas restrições são posteriormente consideradas na etapa de implementação do sistema. Esse fato pode estar envolvido com esvaziamento não planejado de reservatórios e entregabilidade inadequada de reservas girantes. Ambos podem levar a altos custos operacionais. Além disso, o sistema pode ficar exposto a um risco sistêmico de racionamento e em última instâcia, blackouts. O gap de sub-otimalidade pode também levar a distorções em mercados de energia. Assim, é razoável que as consequências da inconstência temporal em sistemas hidrotérmicos sejam estudadas. Nesse sentido, este trabalho propõe uma extensão de trabalhos já realizados relacionados à inconsistência temporal para medir os efeitos de simplificações de modelagem em modelos de planejamento resolvidos pela PDDE. A abordagem proposta consiste em usar um modelo simplificado para o planejamento do sistema, que é feito pela avaliação da função de recurso, e um modelo detalhado para a sua operação. Estudos de caso envolvendo simplificações em modelagem de linhas de transmissão e critérios de segurança são realizados. No entanto, o foco deste trabalho se dará na segunda fonte, já que a mesma apresenta maior complexidade na caracterização do efeito. No entanto, a incorporação de critérios de segurança é um grande desafio para operadores de sistemas elétricos, pois o tamanho do modelo tende a crescer exponencialmente quando critérios de segurança reforçados são aplicados. Motivado por isso, o principal objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma nova abordagem ao problema que permite que critérios de segurança possam ser incorporados em modelos de planejamento e consequentemente garantir a entregabilidade de reservas em políticas de planejamento. A formulação do problema é uma extensão multiperiodo e estocástica the modelos de Otimização Robusta Ajustável que já foram propostos na literatura para resolver o problema relacionado à dimensionalidade para um período. A metodologia de solução involve um algoritmo híbrido Robusto-PDDE que por meio do compartilhamento de estados de contingência ativos entre os períodos e cenários de afluência é capaz de atingir tratabilidade computacional. Com a nova abordagem proposta, é possível (i) resolver o problema de agendamento ótimo das reservas em sistemas hidrotérmicos garantindo a entregabilidade das reservas em um critério n - K e (ii) calcular o custo e os efeitos negativos de se negligenciar critérios de segurança no planejamento. / [en] The current state of the art method used for medium/long-term planning studies of hydrothermal power system operation is the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) algorithm. The computational savings provided by this method notwithstanding, it still relies on major system simplifications to achieve acceptable performances in practical applications. Simplifications in the planning stage in contrast to the actual implementation might induce time inconsistent policies and, consequently, a sub-optimality gap. Time inconsistency in hydrothermal planning might be induced by, for instance, assuming a constant coefficient production for hydro plants, reservoir aggregation, neglecting Kirchhoff s voltage law, and neglecting security criteria in planning models, which are then incorporated in implementating models. Unaccounted for reservoir depletion and inadequate spinning reserve deliverability situations that were observed in the Brazilian power system might be induced by time inconsistency. And this can lead to higher operational costs. Both these consequences are utterly negative since they pose the system to a great systemic risk of energy rationing or ultimately, system blackouts. In addition, the suboptimility gap may also lead to energy markets distortions. Hence, it seems reasonable that further investigations on consequences of time inconsistency in hydrothermal planning should be undertaken. Along these lines, this work proposes an extension to previous work on the subject of time inconsistency to measure the effects of modeling simplifications in the SDDP framework for hydrothermal operation planning. The approach consists of using a simplified model for planning the system, which is done by means of the assessment of the recourse (cost-to-go) function, and a detailed model for its operation (implementation of the policy). Case studies involving simplifications in transmission lines modeling and in security criteria are carried out. Nevertheless, the focus of this work is on the later source as it is more difficult to address due to the complexity involved in the characterization of this effect. However, incorporating security criteria in planning models poses a major challenge to system operators. This is because the size of the model tends to grow exponentially as tighter security criteria are adopted. Motivated by this, the main objective of this work is to propose a new framework that allows security criteria to be incorporated in planning models and consequently ensure reserve deliverability in planning policies. The problem formulation is a multiperiod stochastic extension of Adjustable Robust Optimization (ARO) based models already proposed in literature to successfully address the dimensionality issue regarding the incorporation of security criteria n - K and its variants. The solution methodology involves a hybrid Robust-SDDP algorithm that by means of sharing active contingency states amongst periods and possible inflow scenarios in the SDDP algorithm is capable of achieving computational tractability. Then, with the proposed approach it is possible to (i) address the optimal scheduling of energy and reserve in hydrothermal power systems ensuring reserve deliverability under an n - K security criterion and (ii) assess the cost and side effects of disregarding security criteria in the planning stage.