O planejamento da inovação antecede o desenvolvimento das tecnologias e dos produtos. O processo de decisão realizado no planejamento da inovação é o responsável por avaliar e selecionar os produtos que serão desenvolvidos. Como esse processo depende das informações das propostas de produto, sua execução é dificultada quando elas referem-se a produtos inovadores. Nesse contexto, este trabalho propõe um método de análise do processo de decisão do planejamento da inovação, que considera o nível de conhecimento das informações das propostas de produtos e a importância dos critérios de decisão. Como parte do projeto de pesquisa, também foi desenvolvido um modelo do planejamento da inovação. Esse descreve o planejamento da inovação como um subprocesso integrador e interrelacionado com os outros subprocessos da inovação e também mostra seus principais elementos constituintes. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foram realizados dois estudos de casos exploratórios com o intuito de complementar o esclarecimento do planejamento da inovação e formatação do modelo. Os resultados foram usados na segunda etapa, na qual o método de análise foi proposto e foram executados mais dois estudos de caso, agora com o objetivo de testar o método. Nesses dois estudos foram analisados os processos de decisão de dois produtos inovadores por meio de uma abordagem retrospectiva. Por fim, o método foi avaliado como capaz para analisar o processo de decisão de produtos inovadores, identificando oportunidades e apoiando a definição de diretrizes para melhorar a tomada de decisão. / The front-end of innovation precedes technology and product development. The decision-making process performed at the front-end is assigned to assess and select products that will be introduced to development. Since this process depends on information of product proposals, its performance is affected when innovative products are involved. Within this context, this study proposes a method to analyse the decision-making process of the front-end of innovation. It addresses the level of information knowledge and the importance of decision criteria as a way to analyse decisions. This study has also developed a model for the front-end of innovation, which describes the front-end integrating and interrelated with the other parts of the innovation process as well as shows its core elements. At the first phase of this study two exploratory case studies were developed aiming to complement the understanding about the front-end and to support the definition of the model. Results of this phase were used at the second phase, in which the method to analyse the decision-making process is proposed and other two case studies are conducted, with the purpose of testing the method. These two studies analysed the decision-making process regarding innovative products through a retrospective approach. Finally, the method was assessed as capable of analysing the decision-making process of innovative products, identifying opportunities and supporting the definition of guidelines to enhance decision making.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celso dos Santos Malachias.pdf: 1474880 bytes, checksum: 9f14726561bfbd6fec81c2c0a1c8fc79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-08 / The present discusses the subject of the technological innovation in the Information Technology (IT) segment services sector, specifically in Brazilian market, addressing questions about the key factors for the innovation, and whether or not there are earnings for the companies which innovate. It starts from the hypothesis that the constructs "technological regime" and "innovative environment" are the basis for the innovative performance of the companies and, consequently for the enterprise performance . The relevance of the present study is credited due to: a) the lack of national studies regarding the same subject, b) attainment of the technological regime evidences as a propellant to the innovation, and c) the innovation impact of the enterprise performance subdivided into innovative and economic performance in the Information Technology (IT) segment services sector in Brazil. To emphasize the relevance of the subject, it is important to mention that the added value of the services sector of the Organization for the Economic Cooperation and Development countries (OECD, 2005), already surpasses the remaining sectors of the economy. The study, which is exploratory, approaches and relates, theoretically and empirically, existing and new concepts, such as: technological regime", innovative profile , innovative performance and economic performance . The study includes foreign classic authors such as Schumpeter, Lundvall, Nelson, Malerba, Orsenigo, Galluj, Sundbo, among others, together with modern studies of national contemporaries authors, as: Kon, Tiger, Meirelles, Kubota, among others. As research method, the Pesquisa da Atividade Econômica Paulista (PAEP, edition 2001) database from Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (SEADE) Foundation was used and, through quantitative analysis, supported by statistical techniques as factorial analysis, structural equations modelling, reached relevant results proving correlations among the constructs (structural modelling). Manipulation instruments, programs (software) as SPSS and SmartPLS were also used. The findings obtained through the secondary data manipulation had showed an alignment with the theory, sustaining that the innovation in services happens more strongly by interaction or cooperation (external) among companies, rather than by research and development (R&D), as observed in the industrial sector (manufacturing). Additionally, the construct factors technological regime and innovation environment enable an innovative profile in the companies. Such innovative profile stimulates a differentiated performance either in qualitative aspects, as for example, new products launching, market share increasing, or in quantitative aspects in the economic performance construct showed in the indicators equity per capita and fixed asset per capita . Considering the obtained results, the presented hypotheses prove that the factors of the technological regime and the nature of the innovation environment explain the innovation and this explains both differentiated innovative and economic performance . Therefore, it evidences the relationship among such factors, in the structural model, and of the indicators composing its constructs, in the measuring model. / O presente estudo discute o tema da inovação tecnológica, no setor de serviços em Tecnologia da Informação no mercado brasileiro, e busca responder questões sobre quais são os condicionantes para a inovação neste segmento de serviços, e se existem ganhos para as empresas que inovam. Parte da hipótese de que os construtos regime tecnológico e natureza inovadora do ambiente são fundamentais para o desempenho inovativo das empresas e consequentemente, para um desempenho empresarial . A relevância do presente estudo deve-se a: a) carência de trabalhos nacionais a respeito do mesmo assunto, b) obtenção de resultados que evidenciem o regime tecnológico como um propulsor à inovação, e c) análise do impacto da inovação no desempenho empresarial sob a ótica do desempenho inovativo e econômico para o setor de serviços em tecnologia da informação no Brasil. Para ressaltar a relevância do tema, é importante mencionar que o valor adicionado do setor de serviços dos países da Organização para a Cooperação Econômica e Desenvolvimento já supera os demais setores da economia (OECD, 2005). O estudo, que é exploratório, aborda e relaciona de forma teórica e empírica conceitos (construtos) existentes já conhecidos e novos, tais como: regime tecnológico , ambiente de inovação , perfil inovativo , desempenho inovativo e desempenho econômico . Sendo assim, o estudo inclui autores estrangeiros clássicos como Schumpeter, Lundvall, Nelson, Malerba, Orsenigo, Galluj, Sundbo, entre outros, bem como apresenta estudos de autores nacionais contemporâneos, como: Kon, Tigre, Meirelles, Kubota, entre outros. Como método de pesquisa, o estudo utilizou-se do banco de dados da Pesquisa da Atividade Econômica Paulista (PAEP, edição 2001) da Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (SEADE), que através de análise quantitativa, apoiada em técnicas estatísticas, como análise fatorial e modelagem de equações estruturais, alcançou resultados relevantes comprovando correlações entre os construtos (modelo estrutural). Foram utilizados instrumentos de manipulação, programas (softwares) como, SPSS e SmartPLS. Os resultados apurados, através da manipulação de dados secundários, mostraram um alinhamento com a teoria, sustentando que a inovação em serviços dá-se mais por interação ou cooperação (externa) entre empresas, do que devido à pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D), como observado no setor industrial (manufatura). Adicionalmente, evidenciou-se que os construtos condicionantes regime tecnológico e ambiente de inovação estimulam um perfil inovativo nas empresas. Tal perfil inovativo propicia um desempenho empresarial diferenciado em dois aspectos, qualitativo, como por exemplo, lançamento de novos produtos, aumento na participação de mercado, bem como com o construto desempenho econômico , através dos indicadores de patrimônio líquido per capita e ativo fixo per capita . Face ao resultado obtido, pode-se considerar que houve comprovação das hipóteses apresentadas de que os condicionantes regime tecnológico e a natureza o ambiente de inovação explicam a inovação e esta explica o desempenho qualitativo e econômico diferenciado das empresas. O estudo evidencia, portanto, o relacionamento dos construtos, no modelo (estatístico) estrutural, e dos indicadores compondo seus construtos, no modelo (estatístico) de análise de mensuração.

This study investigates the impact of tax incentives on the firms’ innovative activity and economic growth by using sample of 28 OECD countries. The study using panel data analysis and applies fixed effect OLS models. The results of the econometric investigation indicate that tax incentives have significant and positive effect on the R&D expenditure. Regression analysis also shows a positive significant impact of R&D tax incentives in combination with direct funding for business R&D. The paper finds no evidence of significant relationship between tax incentives and economic growth. The research also finds a positive significant impact of direct R&D support, R&D expenditure and tax incentives on registered patents. We suggest to apply public support policy including both types of support since previous studies showed that tax incentives and direct funding are not perfect substitutes.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-07-28T12:31:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Katiuscia Alice Teixeira_.pdf: 2449820 bytes, checksum: 91ddc67af285c506c7994462f8abf38c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-28T12:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katiuscia Alice Teixeira_.pdf: 2449820 bytes, checksum: 91ddc67af285c506c7994462f8abf38c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / A inovação é um assunto que está cada vez mais presente em discussões acadêmicas, empresariais e governamentais. No contexto competitivo e econômico no qual as empresas estão inseridas, há uma constante necessidade de reinvenção e busca de novas alternativas para se manter minimamente competitivo no mercado no qual as empresas atuam. Com base nesta premissa, é importante compreender o que torna as empresas inovadoras diferenciadas, quais são as capacidades existentes na organização que impulsionam a geração de inovação em um determinado ambiente e empresa. Nesse sentido, no presente trabalho, realizou-se um estudo de caso com um viés qualitativo para analisar a contribuição da capacidade gerencial e transacional na geração de inovação em uma empresa inovadora no Brasil. O objeto deste estudo foi a WEG, que se trata de uma empresa industrial multinacional brasileira, sediada na cidade de Jaraguá do Sul, Santa Catarina, e que, segundo pesquisa internacional realizada pela Booz & Company, é uma das mil empresas mais inovadoras do mundo. Para atingir os objetivos propostos neste trabalho, realizaram-se coleta de informações com os gestores da empresa, além de análise documental. Dentre os resultados obtidos no presente estudo, foi possível verificar que a empresa possui um alto nível de desenvolvimento da Capacidade Gerencial e um nível baixo de desenvolvimento da Capacidade Transacional. Acerca da Capacidade Gerencial, observou-se que aspectos relacionados à visão e estratégia; pessoas; processos e rotinas e estrutura organizacional possuem um alto nível de maturidade na organização – tais dimensões possibilitam que as pessoas que trabalham na empresa estejam alinhadas a um mesmo propósito e tenham clareza de como devem atingir os resultados empresariais. Por outro lado, sobre a Capacidade Transacional, observou-se que a empresa é extremamente orientada aos seus clientes, porém, transaciona pouco ou tem oportunidade de melhor transacionar com outros agentes para que possa gerar, ainda mais, inovações. Para as empresas que buscam inovar, de acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, recomenda-se que avaliem, inicialmente, desenvolver a capacidade transacional no que tange relacionamento com os clientes e, de forma mais intensa, a capacidade gerencial, gerando, desta forma, um direcionamento estratégico e métodos para que as pessoas que compõem a organização tenham como premissa o mesmo objetivo, estímulo e direcionamento. / Innovation is an increasingly subject present in academic, business and governmental discussions. In the competitive economic context, which the companies operate, there is a constant need for reinvention and search for new alternatives to keep the firms minimally competitive in the market. Based on this premise, it is important to understand what makes the differentiated innovative companies and what are the existing capacities in the organization that drive the generation of innovation. Thereby, the present work was a case study with a qualitative bias to identify and analyze the contribution of management and transactional capabilities, to generate innovation in an innovative company in Brazil. The object of this study was WEG, which is a Brazilian multinational industrial company, headquartered in Jaragua do Sul, Santa Catarina, and, according to international survey made by Booz & Company, it is one of the thousand most innovative companies in the world. To achieve the objectives proposed in this work, there were informations collected with the company managers, as well as, document analysis. Among the results of this study, it was verified that the company has a high level of management capability development and a minimum level of transactional capability development. About Management Capability, it was observed that aspects related to vision and strategy; people; processes and routines and organizational structure have a high level of maturity in the organization - such dimensions allow people working in the organization be aligned to the same purpose and have clarity of how to achieve business results. On the other hand, on the transactional capability, it was observed that the company is highly oriented to their customers, however, transacts little, having this way an opportunity to better transacts with other agents that can generate further innovations. For companies seeking to innovate, according to the results obtained in this study, it is recommended initially the development of transactional capability related to its customers and, more intensely, managerial capability, generating thus a strategic direction and methods that generate common goals, encouragement and guidance of people.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-09-21T13:27:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lauren Homrich Aita_.pdf: 3238471 bytes, checksum: bcfd6d5d4a3a884ab5d3c5fa2d58a08d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T13:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lauren Homrich Aita_.pdf: 3238471 bytes, checksum: bcfd6d5d4a3a884ab5d3c5fa2d58a08d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / Esta dissertação tem como tema a Inovação Social em Living Labs, deflagrada na interface entre a constituição de novas sociabilidades e os modos de produção de valor a partir de contribuições do Design Estratégico. A discussão das práticas projetuais foi feita à luz dos conceitos ecossistêmicos da sociedade em rede e do metaprojeto como cultura de projeto. Além da revisão bibliográfica, também foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada de inspiração etnográfica, com abordagem qualitativa e com objetivo exploratório junto a dois Living Labs: o TransLAB e o Laboratório Mercur de Inovação Social. Como resultado, foram apresentados fatores de mobilização em redes de projeto para Inovação Social, assim como foram descritas estratégias e instrumentos projetuais utilizados para promoção de trabalho colaborativo. Em ambos contextos pesquisados, o Living Lab pôde ser compreendido como um Espaço Hub que habilita a articulação de redes projetuais que buscam gerar sistemas-produto-serviço socialmente inovadores ou novos modelos de negócio. À luz do Design Estratégico, a pesquisa também identificou a potencialidade de Living Labs serem apropriados como Cenários Vivos, em que se cria um deslocamento para ampliar possibilidades criativas e as pessoas experimentam outras lógicas organizacionais, provocando reflexões e ativando sua ação estratégica para uma transição sustentável com a criação de novos modos de relação e de coprodução de valor. Por fim, foram indicadas diretrizes para promoção de processos inclusivos na articulação de redes projetuais para a Inovação Social no contexto de Living Labs. / This dissertation is subject to Social Innovation in Living Labs, triggered at the interface between the creation of new sociability and value of production methods from contributions of Strategic Design. The discussion of projective practices was made in light of ecosystem concepts of network society and the meta-project and project culture. Besides the theory review was also conducted an ethnographic inspiration applied research with a qualitative approach and exploratory objective within two Living Labs: the TransLAB and Mercur Laboratory of Social Innovation. As a result, mobilization factors in network design for social innovation were presented, as strategies and projective instruments used for collaborative work promotion were described. In both contexts studied, the Living Lab could be understood as a Hub Space that enables the articulation of projective networks that seek to generate socially innovative product-service-systems or new business models. In the light of the Strategic Design, the survey also identified the Living Labs capability to be recognized as Living Scenarios in which is possible to create an offset to expand creative possibilities, and people experience other organizational logics, causing reflections and activating its strategic action for a transition sustainable with the creation of new relations and co-production value. Finally, guidelines were recommended for promotion of inclusive processes in the articulation of projective networks for Social Innovation in the context of Living Labs.

This essay presents a collection of Peruvian and other South American folk songs adapted for teaching violoncello technique with the goal of providing students with a more culturally diverse method which equally develops the left hand and right hand technique. Peruvian and other South American children learn the violoncello with European or American method books based on European folk songs. The repertoire of traditional methods usually lacks music familiar to pupils from Peruvian and other South American cultures. Written in foreign languages, the texts often exclude Spanish translation. Peruvians, especially children, are not necessarily familiar with folk music from Europe; neither are they fluent in foreign languages. Unless the teacher is familiar with the method's philosophy and is multi-lingual, a vast amount of information is lost, causing slow, and sometimes incorrect, learning. As a consequence, Peruvian music students are at a disadvantage compared to American and European music students. The core of this project consists of the collection of folk tunes arranged for violoncello and piano. The included preparatory exercises will help the student prepare for the technical challenges presented in each piece, and the original recordings of the songs' arrangements will serve as a reference for students and teachers. The purpose of this essay is not to create a new teaching philosophy, but to provide Peruvian and other South American students with a more familiar learning repertoire, drawing on the most effective methodology of three popular violoncello methods. Nonetheless, anyone interested in learning the violoncello with a multicultural repertoire can benefit from this collection.

Malgré l’impact économique et les enjeux environnementaux liés à la production d’énergie renouvelable par combustion de la biomasse de canne à sucre, les systèmes de culture canniers ne sont optimisés que pour maximiser la production de sucre. Ce travail contribue à l’élaboration d’un module de simulation de l’évolution des composantes du rendement énergétique (CRE) de la biomasse de canne à sucre qui à terme servira à la conception et l’optimisation de systèmes de culture innovants visant une production multi-usages. Les deux critères retenus dans le cadre de ces systèmes de culture sont les rendements énergétique (MJ m-2) et sucrier (kg m-2). En préalable à la formalisation des dynamiques d’évolution des CRE(fractions anatomiques, structures et lignocelluloses) dans la biomasse de canne à sucre, l’influence de facteurs de variations agro-climatiques sur ces dynamiques d’évolution a du être testé. La vérification de cette hypothèse supposant la collecte massive de données au champ, un modèle proche infrarouge de prédiction des CRE dans la biomasse de canne à sucre a été développé. Ce modèle a permis de quantifier les CRE et de suivre leurs évolutions pour 3 cultivars de canne à sucre (R570, R579 et R585) cultivés dans des environnements contrastés (4 sites) durant deux cycles de culture (vierge et première repousse). Cette étude a révélé des différences significatives entre cycles de culture, sites, cultivars, méthodes coupe et composantes anatomiques pour les CRE et le rendement énergétique. Cependant, lerendement en biomasse aérienne de canne à sucre explique 97% de la variabilité du rendement énergétique à la récolte. La maximisation du rendement en biomasse aérienne s’avère être le principal paramètre à optimiser pour maximiser le rendement énergétique de la production. Toutefois, ces nouveaux objectifs de production peuvent être à l’origine de diminution importantes des rendements en sucre par pertes lors du procédé d’extraction. Ces antagonismes doivent être quantifiés et pris en compte dans l’évaluation de performances de système de culture tant que le sucre sera la principale source de rémunération. / In spite of economical impact and environmental challenge linked to renewable energy production from sugarcane biomass combustion, sugarcane cropping system are still optimized for sucrose mass production only. This work aims to build a module for simulation of energetic yield components (CRE) of the sugarcane biomass which will be of interest in future conception and optimization of innovative sugarcane cropping system focusing on multi-uses production objectives. Both energetic yield (MJ m-2) and sucrose mass (kg m-2) are kept for those cropping system. However, checking effects of agro-climatic factors before to formalize the evolution of CRE of the sugarcane biomass (anatomical parts, fiber and lignocellulosic compounds) is required. In parallel a large amount of data from field study is needed. Thus we developed a near infrared model to predict CRE of sugarcane biomass samples from 3 cultivars (R570, R579 et R585) planted in 4 contrasted environments during 2 crop cycles (plat crop and first ratoon). It results from this study that there were significant differences between crop cycles, sites, cultivars, method of harvest and anatomical parts for CRE and energetic yield. Nevertheless, aboveground biomass of sugarcane explains more than 97% of the variability of energetic yield at harvest. Rise in aboveground biomass appears to be the main parameter target to reach rise in energetic yield. However, news production objective can cause important decrease in sugar extracting yield because of sugar looses during extraction process. These antagonisms must be identified, quantified and taking into account for sugarcane cropping system performance evaluation and especially as long as sucrose remains the main source of money.

The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanisms of how feedback from supervisor affects innovative work behavior among local government employees in Korea. Another purpose of this study is to explore the mediating roles of trust in supervisor and affective commitment, and the moderating role of risk-taking climate, using various theories, such as organizational support theory, social exchange theory, intrinsic motivation theory, and psychological climate theory. The results from a cross-sectional study based on a sample of 1,699 local government employees from 65 local governments find that feedback from supervisor has a significant direct effect on innovative work behavior. Trust in supervisor and affective commitment significantly mediate the relationship between feedback from supervisor and innovative work behavior. Feedback from supervisor has an indirect effect on innovative work behavior through its influence on trust in supervisor and affective commitment in serial. Risk-taking climate significantly moderates the relationship between affective commitment and innovative work behavior. Lastly, the results of moderated mediation model find that the conditional effects are significant at high levels of the moderator (at one standard deviation above the mean) and at the mean, while the conditional effect was not significant at low levels of moderator (at one standard deviation below the mean) for both two indirect effect paths (feedback from supervisor --> affective commitment --> innovative work behavior, and feedback from supervisor --> trust in supervisor --> affective commitment --> innovative work behavior).

Syfte: Det råder en utbredd bostadsbrist till följd av en ökad befolkningstillväxt och urbanisering i Sveriges städer och kommuner. För att hantera detta har stadsplaneringen förändrats till att förtäta staden och bygga inåt. Detta har resulterat i täta och höga byggnader med försämrade kvaliteter i form av mindre dagsljustillgång och begränsad utblick till det fria. Studier har visat på att dagsljus är av betydande roll för människors hälsa och i samband med detta har en kritik växt fram mot de föråldrade regelverk som behandlar dagsljus och en ny moderniserad standard har tillkommit. Dessutom har nya metoder tagits fram för att optimera energihushållningen och öka dagsljustillgången. Med detta känt är det intressant att utforska hur ett ökat bostadsbestånd kan möjliggöras utan på bekostnad av bostadens kvaliteter som dagsljus. Arbetet syftar till att undersöka vad en implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem kan medföra för svenska bostäder. Metod: Rapporten har inkluderat en dokumentanalys av olika innovativa dagsljussystem och fokusgrupp med yrkesverksamma för att utreda gestaltning av bostäder med avseende på dagsljus. Utifrån detta har en fallstudie utförts för att pröva implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem och vilka konsekvenser som medföljer. Resultat: Genom att kunna styra tillförseln av dagsljus kunde bostadens funktioner disponeras annorlunda. Ett innovativt dagsljussystem i form av en ljustunnel kunde föras in i en svensk byggnad och tillföra dagsljus till de mörka utrymmen i bostaden. Detta i sin tur tillåter en ombyggnad av lokaler som förlorat sitt syfte och funktion. Innovativa dagsljussystem är ett alternativ för att öka dagsljustillgången. För att se fördelarna för ett sådant system ur ett utformningsperspektiv krävs det en omvärdering av de nuvarande dagsljuskraven. En omprövning av kraven anses även kunna förebygga bristande kvaliteter i kommande bebyggelse. Konsekvenser: Det finns brister i dagens regelverk för dagsljus som förhindrar nya utformningsalternativ där bostadens kvaliteter tas tillvara. Byggnader som förlorat sin funktion kan med en ny teknik återfå sitt syfte. En moderniserad tolkning och en ny teknik för dagsljus är därmed ett sätt att uppnå hållbar stadsförtätning. Begränsningar: Studien är avgränsad till att endast behandla ett analysobjekt vilket gör arbetet mindre generaliserbart däremot är majoriteten av förutsättningarna för objektet generella i form av regelverk och bostadens kvaliteter. / Purpose: There is a housing shortage taking place in the municipalities and cities of Sweden due to an increased population and urbanization. To manage this, the urban planning has been altered and transformed into densifying the cities. The result of this strategy is dense and tall buildings with insufficient qualities such as daylighting and view out. Studies have shown that daylight is of importance for the human health, in correlation to this the criticism against the old-fashioned daylight regulations have increased and a new set have been introduced. In addition, new methods have been developed to optimize the energy balance and to increase the daylighting. By acknowledging these factors, it is of great importance to study how an increased housing stock can be made without the expense of the daylighting quality of a dwelling. The report aims to study what an implementation of innovative daylighting systems can carry out for dwellings in Sweden. Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted of innovative daylighting systems. This was made in combination with a focus group which involved professional experienced participants to review the design of dwellings in consideration of daylight. Based on the result of the methods mentioned above a case study was conducted to examine the consequences of an innovative daylighting system. Findings: By controlling the daylight supply, the functions of a dwelling could be situated differently. An IDS in the shape of a light-pipe was a suitable solution for a dwelling made accordingly to Swedish standards and provided daylight to the less illuminated areas of the apartment. With this solution a refurbishment of a complex building was made possible. As for the IDS, it is considered as an option for increasing the daylight supplement. To acknowledge further positive outcomes with the system from a design perspective, a reassessment of the current daylight regulations must be done. A re-evaluation of the regulations is considered to prevent the exploitation insufficient dwellings. Implications: The current daylight regulation is not sufficient. This prevents the opportunity to establish new design concepts which considers the quality of the dwelling. With new technology complex and empty buildings can be re-done and acquire a new purpose. A modernized interpretation and a new technology for daylight is thereby an option for achieving a sustainable urban densification. Limitations: The study is limited to only assess one building which decreases its ability to be commonly accepted. However, the majority of the buildings prerequisites are common as they apply to regulations and qualities of a dwelling.

近年隨全球生產鏈改變，廠商為維持競爭力由追求區位最佳化，轉而追求網絡位置優化。在此種現象下，引發本研究探討區位環境在廠商創新過程中所扮演之角色，並嘗試與網絡位置共同分析，探查區位環境對於廠商是否具有功能化效果。且以Markusen (1996)與Glückler(2007)之論述為基礎，檢視創新環境差異下是否存在網絡結構差異。區位環境與技術網絡分別透過創新氛圍與社會資本作為論述框架，利用兩者皆強調個體行動者特質，連結地理區位、社會化行動至創新績效之路徑。 本研究以台灣生物技術廠商為研究對象，該產業為我國新興產業之一，對於技術網絡建立與研發需求強烈。資料收集同時利用二手資料與問卷方式，建立近似於整體性的技術網絡資料，分析方法採用社會網絡分析法、變異數分析以及卜瓦松回歸進行假說驗證。分析結果呈現地區創新氛圍差異確實存在廠商社會資本型態差異，支持先前文獻論述。而地區創新氛圍在廠商創新過程中扮演調和社會資本結構面功能角色，隨創新氛圍提升，強化直接連結的正向效果，減緩了網絡中介的負向效果；突顯了區位選擇在廠商面對全球化過程中仍為影響創新績效的關鍵因子。 / The empirical studies of firms’ innovation pointed out the important of localtion. In early days, firms pursue better location to lower the cost.But now they facing the globalization recombining the global supply chain. The important of location is re-placed by “ network system”. In this view, the main part of our research tring to understand the role of innovative milieu in innovation process. According to the lite-rature of Markusen (1996) and Glückler(2007) suggest the difference network structure between difference industrial districts. The second goal of this research is using statistical data to confirm their explanation. Tthis research which indicate two important results. The first is the difference social capital of firms existing in difference innovative milieux.This result support Markusen and Glückler’s discussions. Second, the role of innovative milieu is mod-erated effect between social capital and innovative perfornment.Following the differ-ence social capital strength, the effect of innovative milieu is difference.The empirical result indicate that the important function of location is working on firms’ innovative process.