This essay is dealing with the difficulties of cataloging and classifying anonymi and other kinds of literature without the components which have set the norm for bibliographic cataloging, i.e. a defined author, a standardized title etc. A typical example of this kind of literature is folklore and folktales, which are dealt with thoroughly here. The character of and the society's historical view upon the folk literature, as literature considered, are being described, as is the evolution of rules for cataloging in general. The folk literature is mostly systematized after a different pattern from other literature, since bibliographical facts are often missing. Therefore, this essay looks upon the ”ethnological” classification of tales and folklore, which means the thematic sorting of motifs in the plots of different tales, which is the most common method of organizing folk literature. The main purpose of this ethnological classification becomes in other words more or less the same as the purpose of bibliographical cataloging nowadays, namely a purpose of facilitating the retrieval of a certain literary unit and a certain common motif of several tales respectively. As the most successful attempt in the area of classification of folk literature (mainly ethnological) is mentioned the work by the Finnish researcher Antti Aarne, ”The Types of the Folktale : a Classification and Bibliography” from 1910, revised and enlarged by Stith Thompson in 1961. / Uppsatsnivå: D

In this Master we have studied classification system and alternative arrangements of books in a public library. The public libraries in Sweden use the SAB classification system. This system was created nearly a hundred years ago in order to suit the librarians and the Swedish society at the time. Today many library users find the system difficult to understand. This and other factors have inspired a number of libraries to arrange books in an alternative and more user-friendly way. We chose Jönköping public library to study their alternative arrangement of fiction books for children and youth. The purpose was to find out why and how the new alternative arrangement of books was done and where the inspiration behind the changes came from. We also wanted to know how the new shelf system had been perceived by the children and the personal staff. We made interviews with three librarians in the library and a questionnaire to the children who visited the library. In order to get a theoretical background we studied classification and alternative shelf systems in literature and in a few Masters. It seems that the main purpose behind the alternative arrangements in Jönköping public library was to make the library more user-friendly and self-instructive. In both interviews and questionnaire the respondents gave a positive picture of the new shelf-system. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The purpose of this thesis is to present a review of research themes and practice in the field of art image registration. The objectives of the review are twofold. The primary task is to distinguish which problems, in regard to theory and practice, that have been dealt with in the field of art image registration and the secondary task is to investigate which discursive, institutional and tool-related factors have had an impact on theoretical discussions and practice in the art image domain. The empirical content in the review is structured according to four epistemological viewpoints and is analyzed with a domain analytical approach. The result of the study is that two major problems are frequently discussed in the art image domain, namely lack of standardization and which discourse is the best suited for registration of art images. Furthermore, staff education, institutional users, lack of coordination within the domain, incompatibility between discourses and lack of suitable registration tools are factors that have been affecting the discussions and practice within the domain. / Uppsatsnivå: D

The aim of this thesis is to describe and evaluate the usability of two Swedish systems, Sofie and Carlotta, which are used to organize and present data regarding museum objects on the web. This thesis also presents how objects are described and made accessible to the public in the two systems. To evaluate the usability, a heuristic method combined with Systematic Usability Evaluation has been used. The description and accessibility of object representations in the systems are evaluated using indexing and classification theories from the field of Library and Information Science. Additional theoretical background that has been used is how users search and browse information systems. Empirical data has been collected by observations made in the two systems as they are made available by Mölndals museum (Sofie) and Göteborgs Stadsmuseum (Carlotta). The results of this study show that the systems need to meet the requirements of the public, the end-users, to a larger extent. Sofie is easy to learn and to use, but over-simplifying the system negatively affects the possibility to effectively access data. Carlotta is a complex system that holds many possibilities to access semantically related data easily. The complexity of the system requires more information about the structure of the system and the different functions available for the user. The representations of objects need to be more consistent in order for the end-users to retrieve them by searching. Additional access points made possible by the implementation of a directory sorted by subject would be beneficial. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Sweden is today often defined as a multicultural society. The implications on organizing and providing information in public libraries are many, since the systems presently used in the western hemisphere are not adapted to multi-cultural information. This thesis aims to outline ethical and practical problems that arise when organising and providing information concerning cultures other than western, and not least, when dealing with material in other scripts. With this theoretical framework the thesis examines the website of the International Library in Stockholm, a website built to serve users of different languages and scripts than Swedish. The research questions in this thesis are: 1, what specific problems can be distinguished within library work in a multicultural and multilingual environment? 2, what problems and needs were considered in the creation and design of the International Library’s website? And 3, can examples of problems and possible solutions of these be seen in the information and it’s organisation on the International Library’s website? The empiric material consists of the International Library’s website, and interviews with three informants involved in developing it. The study of the website has been conducted in two parts; in the first I have examined what kind of information has been made available on the website and how this connects to the library’s mission. The second part is a study of the material that has become searchable on the website, on how it is searchable, how it is classified and catalogued, and what kind of information is included in the records of the catalogue. The result of the thesis is that both practical and ideological problems arise in information organization and -provision in other languages and scripts. These problems can result in difficulties for users to find the information they need, an effect that in turn counters the thought of everybody’s equal right to public libraries and the information they provide. The study of the website shows the possibilities and limitations of providing multicultural and multilingual library services on the web.

This thesis aims at examining to what extent a few, algorithmically very easily extractable document features can be used to classify electronic documents according to genre. A set of experiments is therefore carried out, using only 11 such simple features in an attempt to classify 84 documents belonging to electronic academic journals into three manually identified genres: table of contents, article, and review. The 11 features are also divided into three sets, containing metrics of words and sentences; punctuation marks; and URL links, respectively. The performance when using these sets of features is then measured with regard to classification accuracy, using a k-NN classifier, four different values of k (1, 3, 5, 7), and both leave-one-out and 10-fold cross-validation. Best results are achieved when using all three feature sets (i.e. all 11 features) and k=3, with an overall accuracy of 96% (81 of the 84 documents correctly classified), regardless of method for cross-validation. These results are significantly better than those of a referential baseline, conceived as the case where all instances would be guessed as belonging to the most populated class, with a corresponding accuracy of 49%. While not considered as disappointing in any way, the results are viewed by the author as perhaps an expression of a somewhat easy classification task. He therefore concludes by advocating further research on the capability of very simple features in contributing to accurate automatic genre classification, preferably by the use of experimental settings that are better suited to shed light on this matter. / Uppsatsnivå: D

This master thesis concerns the relationship the librarianhas to the libraries classification system. The system itselfis made by librarians for librarians and is only used bylibrarians. This raises the question of how the librariansrelate to their own system to create order. The empiricalmaterial consists of five in-depth interviews with librarians.Two theoretical approaches were used in the analysis of thematerial with one focus on the librarian’s professional rolland the other on the postmodern theories about humansneed for order. The results point towards that not alllibrarians see the classifications system as a part of theirown profession. Certain diversity can be seen between thelibrarians opinion in the mater of the classificationssystems importance in their professional role. Thelibrarians agree however that the order in the library musthowever be maintained. The librarians agree that as long asthere are needs of arranging the physical mediums of alibrary the classification system will remain. / Program: Bibliotekarie

Aspects of computerized learning in terms of educational situations in kindergarten andschools where the teachers use software either made for children or for adults, is thesubject of this paper.The market for software produced in Sweden and intended for educatilonal situationswith small children is discussed and analysed by qualitative method. The software, theusers, the producers and other related groups are looked upon from an educationalperspective and a mode1 of this process is presented in the paper.The software is categorized and discussed according to area of use and underlying educationalperspectives. The educational situations in which the users are a part are discussedfrom an educational perspective and examples from use of software in kindergartenand schools are given. The images of their target group which the producers haveare categorized according to phenomenographical method. A proposal of a classificationsystem for software used in educational situations is made.

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The classification of isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres with a homogeneous focal manifold is a project that has been started by Linus Kramer. It extends results by E. Cartan and Hsiang and Lawson. Kramer does most part of this classification in his Habilitationsschrift. In particular he obtains a classification for the cases where the homogeneous focal manifold is at least 2-connected. Results of E. Cartan, Dorfmeister and Neher, and Takagi also solve parts of the classification problem. This thesis completes the classification. We classify all closed isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres with g>2 distinct principal curvatures one of whose multiplicities is 2 such that the lower dimensional focal manifold is homogeneous. The methods are essentially the same as in Kramer's 'Habilitationsschrift'. The cohomology of the focal manifolds in question is known. This leads to two topological classification problems, which are also solved in this thesis. We classify simply connected homogeneous spaces of compact Lie groups with the same integral cohomology ring as a product of spheres S^2 x S^m and m odd on the one hand and a truncated polynomial ring Q[a]/(a^m) with one generator of even degree and m > 1 as its rational cohomology ring on the other hand. / Die Klassifikation der isoparametrischen Hyperflächen mit einer homogenen Fokalmannigfaltigkeit ist ein Projekt, das von Linus Kramer initiiert wurde. Es verallgemeinert Ergebnisse von E. Cartan und von Hsiang und Lawson. Kramer vollzieht den Großteil dieser Klassifikation in seiner Habilitationsschrift. Genauer gesagt, erhält er eine Klassifikation für die Fälle, in denen die homogene Fokalmannigfaltigkeit mindestens 2-zusammenhängend ist. Ergebnisse von E. Cartan, von Dorfmeister und Neher und von Takagi lösen ebenfalls Teile des Problems. Diese Dissertation schließt die Klassifikation ab. Wir klassifizieren alle abgeschlossenen isoparametrischen Hyperflächen in Sphären mit g>2 verschiedenen Hauptkrümmungen, deren eine Vielfachheit 2 ist, wobei die der Dimension nach kleinere Fokalmannigfaltigkeit homogen ist. Die Methoden sind im Wesentlichen die gleichen wie in Kramers Habilitationsschrift. Die Kohomologie der fraglichen Fokalmannigfaltigkeiten ist bekannt. Dies führt zu zwei topologischen Klassifikationsproblemen, die ebenfalls in dieser Dissertation gelöst werden. Wir klassifizieren einfach zusammenhängende homogene Räume kompakter Lie-Gruppen, welche einerseits den gleichen ganzzahligen Kohomologiering haben wie ein Sphären-Produkt S^2 x S^m, m ungerade, oder andererseits einen abgeschnittenen Polynomring Q[a]/(a^m) in einem Erzeuger von geradem Grad und m>1 als Kohomologiering haben.