The Swedish Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments (known as LSS) is said to hold strong rights regarding support intended to empower people with severe disabilities. This study investigates to which extent children are attributed rights in the preparatory work for the LSS and in the administrative court’s judgments. Using qualitative content analysis, this study finds that there is a strong disa-bility rights perspective in the preparatory work but a general ambiguity concerning whether the perspective covers children. The absence of a disability rights perspective in court records concerning children can be under-stood in light of this ambiguity. Other findings include a strong parent perspective and an absent or weak chil-dren's rights perspective in both the preparatory work and court judgments. Children are seldom given a voice or made visible as social actors with rights of their own. Instead, children are described as family members and the care responsibilities of parents – who, in turn, have a voice and are seen as in need of support. The thesis con-cludes that there is a need to clarify the rights of the child in the LSS and how these should be prioritized against parents' interests.

<p>Data Governance and Data Privacy are critical aspects of organizational management that are widely utilized across all organizational scales. However, this research focused specifically on the significance of Data Governance and Data Privacy in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). While the importance of maintaining these systems is paramount across all organizations, the challenges faced by SMEs in maintaining these systems are greater due to their limited resources. These challenges include potential errors such as data leaks, use of corrupted data, or insufficient data, as well as the difficulty in identifying clear roles and responsibilities regarding data handling. To address these challenges, this research investigated the impact of utilizing Lean Six Sigma (LSS) tools and practices to overcome the anticipated gaps and challenges in SMEs. The qualitative methodology utilized is a grounded theory design, chosen due to the limited understanding of the best LSS practices for achieving data governance and data privacy in SMEs and how LSS can improve the adoption of data governance concerning privacy in SMEs. Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions that were reviewed by an expert panel and pilot tested. The sampling method included purposive, snowballing, and theoretical sampling, resulting in 20 participants being selected for interviews. Open, axial, and selective coding were performed, resulting in the development of a grounded theory. The obtained data were imported into NVivo, a qualitative analysis software program, to compare responses, categorize them into themes and groups, and develop a conceptual framework for Data Governance and Data Privacy. An iterative data collection and analysis approach was conducted to ensure that all aspects were considered. The applied grounded theory resulted in retrieving the themes used to generate a theory from the participants’ descriptions of LSS, SMEs, data governance, and data privacy. Finally, ISM technique has been applied to identify the relationships between the concepts and factors resulted from the grounded theory. It helps arranging the levels the criteria, drawing the relationships in a flowchart, and providing valuable insights to the researcher. </p>

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On January 1, 2020, the Convention on the Rights of the Child became law in Sweden. Through both document analysis and interviews, this paper examines how the central principles of the Convention regarding the best interests of the child and the child's right to participation are reflected in the assessment process off LSS (the Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments) services in several municipalities in Sweden. Guidelines from six municipalities and interviews with nine support administrators have been analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that the guidelines contain references to the Convention, but they are too broadly written to offer support to administrators in their work. The guidelines more often urge compliance with the Convention rather than providing information on how to achieve it. Instead, colleagues are seen as the primary support for administrators. Additionally, administrators rely heavily on the parents of the children, who play a significant role in the investigative work. Administrators perceive that they have been working in line with the principles of the Convention for a long time and that its incorporation did not bring about changes in their work, as the best interests of the child and the child's participation were already inherent in LSS. However, there are still significant difficulties in assessing the best interests of the child, using the best interests as an approach, and involving children. Communication difficulties among children are the major limitation, along with the fact that the most common interventions for children also aim to meet the needs of the child's parents and siblings. / Den 1 januari 2020 blev barnkonventionen lag i Sverige. Genom både en dokumentstudie och en intervjustudie har denna uppsats undersökt hur barnkonventionens centrala principer om barnets bästa och barnets rätt till delaktighet framträder i några kommuners handläggning av LSS-insatser. Riktlinjer från sex kommuner och intervjuer med nio LSS-handläggare har analyseras med hjälp av tematisk analys. Resultatet visar på att riktlinjerna innehåller skrivningar om barnkonventionen, men är för generellt skrivna för att erbjuda handläggarna stöd i deras arbete. Riktlinjerna framför i större utsträckning uppmaningar till att följa barnkonventionen än information om hur detta ska göras. Istället är det kollegor som är det största stödet för handläggarna. Därtill tar de mycket stöd av föräldrarna till barnen som spelar en stor roll för utredningsarbetet. Handläggarna upplever sig ha arbetat utifrån barnkonventionens principer en längre tid och att inkorporeringen inte medförde betydande förändringar i deras arbete. Detta utifrån att barnets bästa och barns delaktighet redan fanns inskrivet i LSS. Samtidigt finns det fortsatt stora svårigheter i att bedöma barnets bästa, använda barnets bästa som ett tillvägagångsätt samt att få barnen delaktiga. Här är kommunikationssvårigheter hos barnen den största begräsningen, tillsammans med det faktum att de vanligaste insatserna till barn även syftar till att tillgodose behov hos föräldrar och syskon till barnet.

During recent decades, lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) has become the most common indication for spine surgery, a change that coincides with a higher worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity. Thus, surgical treatment of LSS in the overweight and obese population is common and increasing in scope. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) is related to the development of LSS, and whether BMI is linked to outcome after surgery for LSS. We further evaluated whether there are specific experiences of LSS from a patient perspective. Data were obtained for all patients registered in the Swedish Spine Register who had undergone surgery for LSS between January 1, 2006 and June 30, 2008. After adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, patients with obesity showed both poorer results after surgery and a higher rate of dissatisfaction than patients with normal weight (odds ratio 1.73; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.36-2.19). Furthermore, patients with obesity in the cohort reported modest weight loss at follow-up (2.0 kg; 95% CI, 1.5-2.4), and only 8% reported a clinical important weight loss 2 years after surgery. Our analysis of 389,132 construction workers, showed that overweight (incidence rate ratio, IRR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.54-1.83) and obesity (IRR 2.18; 95% CI, 1.87-2.53) were associated with an increased future risk in developing LSS when compared with patients with normal weight. To gain insight into the patients' perspective of LSS, we performed interviews with 18 patients who were on a waiting list for LSS surgery. The transcripts, analyzed with content analysis, revealed that living with LSS is a physical, mental and social challenge in which resources to cope with the condition are of major importance. In summary, obesity is associated with poorer results after surgery, and patients with obesity report modest weight loss during follow-up. In addition, obesity is associated with an increased risk to develop LSS. Our findings revealed that being a patient with LSS, naturally involves considerable suffering and pain, but it also implies being a person with his or her own resources who is able to cope with these adverse conditions.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur brukare påverkas av att det finns hundar i form av djurassisterade insatser i den kommunala, dagliga LSSverksamheten i Dalarnas län. Det är en kvalitativ studie som inleddes genom en kvantitativ kartläggning rörande förekomsten av hundar eller andra djur i alla kommunala LSS-verksamheter i Dalarna. Den begränsas till personalens perspektiv på effekten av hundassisterade insatser gällande målgruppen och resultaten baseras på halvstrukturerade intervjuer med personal från samtliga kommunala dagverksamheter i Dalarna, där brukare erbjuds hundassisterade insatser. Resultaten har analyserats med hjälp av tidigare forskning, KASAM och social responsivitet. De visar hur och att den hundassisterade insatsen främjar psykiskt och fysiskt välbefinnande samt motiverar verksamhetens brukare till att utveckla fysiska, psykiska och sociala färdigheter. Jag fann belägg för att människor mår bra av att umgås med hundar och att brukare drar fördel av hundassisterade insatser – på många olika sätt. / The aim of the present study was to investigate how users are influenced by animal-assisted interventions with dogs in municipal day-care centres (developing centres or working places for persons with autism and/or intellectual disabilities) in Dalarna County. This is a qualitative study, initiated through a quantitative mapping concerning the presence of dogs or other animals in all municipal LSS day-care centres in Dalarna. Its limited to the staff perspective on the impact of dog-assisted interventions on the target group, and results are based on semistructured interviews with staff from all municipal day-care centres in Dalarna, where users are offered dog-assisted interventions. The results where analysed through previous research, KASAM and social responsiveness. They show that the dog-assisted interventions promote mental/physical wellbeing and motivate the users of the day-care centres to develop physical, mental and social skills. I found evidence that users benefit from animal-assisted interventions with dogs – in many ways.

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This is a qualitative study based on interviews with unit managers working by the entitlement law LSS, Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments. The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of how unit managers in the LSS area perceive, work with and have experience of user influence in their organizations. The implementation of previous research makes an easier understanding of what the professional role means for both the organization and the user of welfare services. The main result of the study shows that the unit managers have a significant role for the user influence and that user influence needs further development in their organizations. Unit managers work to equalize social differences and compensate for the user's care needs. User influence is therefore needed for users to be able to become as independent as possible.  The unit manager works according to organizational conditions and creates strategies while using their professional discretion. Which promotes participation and self-determination for the user and their way of life. The result fills a knowledge gap regarding the unit manager's professional role and work for and with user influence in practice within the law of LSS. The study's theoretical approach is based on the theories of human-treating organizations, social citizenship and a model that explains society views different levels of disability and the user's personal autonomy.