Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carla Fernanda de Marco.pdf: 1154336 bytes, checksum: a8732455efa127b0bf3aad3124692dc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29 / This present study deals with the legal institution of nationality as a fundamental human right, considering that the right to nationality is protected by the State both in the domestic and international spheres, pursuant to the international rules aimed at protecting the human being, entered into between sovereign States. The study is opened with the concept of nationality and other related matters, such as nation and citizenship. The initial approach refers to the rules of nationality and citizenship within Brazilian law, the basis of which are the constitutional and statutory principles and rules, as well as both Brazilian and comparative case law. The right to nationality is analyzed also under the rules of international protection of human rights, whose main objective is to demonstrate the affirmation of the right to nationality as a right inherent to all human beings. In this sense, one must inevitably consider the problem faced by the nationless. Following, one examines the principles inherent to Brazilian Constitutional Law and Public International Law that are applicable to nationality, the main approach of which is the constitutional principle of the precedence of human rights in Brazil as regards its international relationships. Thus, one attempts to demonstrate the need to combine the rules governing the domestic law and those governing the international law so as to preserve the fundamental right to nationality. One highlights the hierarchical rank of the international rules aimed to protect the human rights in Brazil, and finally, the fundamental role of the United Nations in the security and efficiency of said international norms designed to protect the fundamental right to nationality / O presente estudo trata do instituto da nacionalidade como direito humano fundamental, tendo em vista que, o direito à nacionalidade é um direito protegido pelo Estado na esfera interna e na esfera internacional, pelas regras internacionais de proteção à pessoa humana celebradas pelos Estados soberanos. Inicia-se com o conceito de nacionalidade e assuntos conexos como nação e cidadania. O enfoque inicial reporta-se às regras de nacionalidade e cidadania no direito brasileiro, tendo como embasamento princípios e regras constitucionais, legais, e jurisprudência nacional e comparada. O direito à nacionalidade é analisado também sob o enfoque das regras de proteção internacional aos direitos humanos, cujo objetivo principal é demonstrar a afirmação do direito à nacionalidade como um direito inerente a todo ser humano. Nesse sentido, é inevitável considerar o problema dos apátridas. Na seqüência, são abordados os princípios inerentes ao Direito Constitucional brasileiro e do Direito Internacional Público aplicáveis à nacionalidade, cujo enfoque principal é o princípio constitucional da prevalência dos direitos humanos no Brasil em suas relações internacionais. Busca-se, dessa forma, demonstrar a necessidade de conjugação de regras do direito interno e do direito internacional para preservar o direito fundamental à nacionalidade. Ressalta-se a questão da posição hierárquica das regras internacionais de proteção aos direitos humanos no Brasil e, finalmente o papel fundamental das Nações Unidas na segurança e eficácia das ditas normas internacionais de proteção ao direito fundamental à nacionalidade

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-08-22T12:13:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diane Portugueis.pdf: 2871516 bytes, checksum: b7e2068a892e31710565afdf3e5221e5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:13:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diane Portugueis.pdf: 2871516 bytes, checksum: b7e2068a892e31710565afdf3e5221e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Our focus is to investigate how the process of constitution, metamorphosis and identity rearrangement is organized, from the perspective of liminality, a condition individuals encounter on their paths in the quest for greater financial autonomy. We also strive to understand the crisis inherent to their whereabouts while travelling between different living spaces, in different countries. Our subjects are Italian-Brazilians who work in ice-cream parlors in Germany. These are young people who have been encouraged to acquire an Italian passport through the network in place between the cities of Urussanga (State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil) and Longarone, Italy, which enables them to be recruited, trained for jobs at these gelaterias, and then later sent to Germany. They develop relationships with these different countries, since they continue to visit their hometowns, where they buy property with the intent to come back permanently one day. We address issues related to the relationships that are built with these countries: inclusion/exclusion, the creation of subjectivities, forms of oppression and identity politics. In this thesis, we address how these individuals deal with living life between places and how this changes their identities. The methodology chosen for data collection was the life story narratives, which have been analyzed based on the identity-metamorphosis-emancipation phrase proposed by Antônio da Costa Ciampa, as well as multi-situated ethnographies and interviews. The past, the present, as well as identity politics all become intertwined in the projects of these ice-cream parlor workers creating a living space that lies between (no) places. These configurations arise due to a constant lack of definition regarding their status, triggered by the socioeconomic, historical and political relationship in which they were socialized and that they recreate, leading to permanent liminality / Nosso foco é a investigação de como se organiza o processo de constituição, metamorfose e rearranjo identitário, dentro da perspectiva de liminaridade que atravessa a vivência de indivíduos em sua busca por maior autonomia financeira. Procuramos também compreender as crises implícitas aos seus movimentos no trânsito entre distintos espaços de vivência, em diferentes países. Nossos sujeitos são ítalo-brasileiros que atuam como trabalhadores em sorveterias na Alemanha. São jovens estimulados a adquirir o passaporte italiano pela rede existente entre as cidades de Urussanga-SC e Longarone, na Itália, que possibilita o recrutamento, o treinamento para o trabalho em gelaterias e a inserção na Alemanha. São relações com territórios diversos, uma vez que continuam a visitar sua cidade natal, onde adquirem propriedades para um futuro retorno definitivo. Englobam-se questionamentos acerca da relação construída com os territórios, inclusão/exclusão, produção de subjetividades, modos de opressão e políticas de identidade. Como os indivíduos lidam com a vida entre lugares e como isto transforma suas identidades são questões exploradas nesta tese. A metodologia escolhida para obtenção de dados é a de narrativas de histórias de vida, que são analisadas com base no sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação proposto por Antônio da Costa Ciampa, entrevistas não diretivas e a etnografia multi-situada. Passado, presente e políticas de identidade se misturam nos projetos dos sorveteiros constituindo um espaço de vidas entre (não) lugares. Essas configurações surgem em resposta à indefinição de status, desencadeada pela relação socioeconômica, histórica e política em que os sujeitos são socializados, ocasionando a permanência na liminaridade

Pour communiquer efficacement, les responsables marketing ont grand besoin de connaître les processus selon lesquels les consommateurs perçoivent et choisissent les marques. Au sein de ces processus, la certitude que le consommateur accorde à ses croyances joue un rôle important, notamment dans la déterminance des caractéristiques du produit. Dans la présente thèse, ce rôle est analysé à travers une variable que la mondialisation contribue à la fois à déformer et à amplifier : la nationalité de la marque. Il s'avère que la certitude dans la croyance envers la nationalité d'une marque est un élément capital du succès d'un positionnement stratégique sur les marchés internationaux. L'analyse des données et les statistiques effectuées ont permis d'identifier : • L'effet médiateur de l'attitude envers la marque, qui indique « comment » l'image du pays et la certitude qui s'y attache peuvent influencer les intentions d'achat de la marque, • L'effet modérateur de la certitude de la croyance envers la nationalité de la marque, qui indique « quand » les consommateurs risquent d'utiliser l'image du pays d'origine dans le processus de choix. Les implications théoriques et managériales de ces résultats sont discutées, de sorte que les managers puissent surveiller les origines nationales associées à leurs marques et éviter qu'elles soient défavorables ou en contradiction avec la stratégie marketing de la firme. / To communicate effectively, marketers need to know the process according to which consumers perceive and choose brands. Within these processes, consumer certainty plays an important role, particularly in the determinacy of product items. In this thesis, this role is analyzed through a variable that globalization contributes both to distort and amplify: brand's nationality. Data analysis and statistics indicates: The « mediating » effect of attitude toward the brand, which indicates "how" the country's image and certainty can influence consumer purchase intentions, The « moderating » effect of certainty of belief, which indicates "When" consumers can use an image of the « country of origin » in a decision process. Managerial and theoretical implications are discussed, so that managers can monitor the nationality associated with their brands and avoid negative effects for the company.

Au Royaume-Uni, les politiques d’intégration ont fait l’objet de redéfinitions successives depuis les émeutes urbaines de 2001 en Angleterre. Ces événements et les attaques terroristes de Londres de 2005, qui ont largement été décrits comme les résultats de la ségrégation ethnique de la société britannique, ont conduit à une remise en question des politiques multiculturalistes mises en œuvre depuis les années 1980, et à un réexamen des politiques d’intégration. L’objet de cette recherche est de déterminer les ruptures et les continuités dans les nouvelles définitions des politiques d’intégration, tant au niveau du discours politique que dans les modalités de mise en œuvre des politiques publiques, et de déterminer dans quelle mesure une véritable rupture avec le multiculturalisme s’est opérée entre 2001 et 2014. L’analyse des discours, des rapports officiels ainsi que notre enquête de terrain sur les réformes et les nouvelles modalités de la procédure de naturalisation ont abouti à plusieurs conclusions : d’un côté, on observe la cristallisation progressive d’une approche assimilationniste de l’intégration, particulièrement visible avec l’arrivée des conservateurs au pouvoir depuis 2010 ; de l’autre, on s’aperçoit que le discours et les politiques multiculturalistes persistent sous diverses formes. Ainsi, une vision nouvelle de l’intégration comme la « community cohesion » peut être interprétée comme ayant reconduit ce paradigme sous diverses formes. Quant à la reconnaissance continue du pluralisme religieux dans l’action publique, elle procède de ce que nous pouvons appeler une « confessionnalisation » du multiculturalisme britannique. / In the United Kingdom, integration policies have undergone a constant process of redefinition since the urban riots in northern England in 2001. These events, and the London bombings of 2005, which were widely described as resulting from the ethnic segregation of British society, have led to a questioning of the multiculturalist policies implemented since the 1980s and to a review of integration policies. The objective of this research is to determine the ruptures and the continuities in the new political definitions of integration, both at the level of political discourse and of the actual implementation of policy guidelines, and to determine whether there has been indeed a break with multiculturalism between 2001 and 2014. Analysis of speeches and official reports, as well as a field survey on the reforms and on the new arrangements for naturalization lead to several conclusions: On the one hand, it is possible to observe the gradual crystallization of an assimilationist approach to integration that has become more visible since the Conservatives came to power in 2010. On the other hand, however, multiculturalist discourses and policies subsist in various guises; in fact, innovative visions of integration such as ‘community cohesion’ can be understood to have renewed this paradigm in new ways. Likewise, the increasing recognition of religious pluralism in public action suggests what we call a ‘confessionalisation’ of British multiculturalism.

Previous studies related to manager effectiveness and organizational culture have determined that emotional intelligence (EI) is a critical predictor of intercultural adjustment and business success. However, few investigators have examined the relationship between EI and nationality differences. In today's globalized business environment, such understanding is crucial to the development of more effective leadership programs for international workers. This quantitative study explored the degrees to which the EI of organizational managers varied across nationalities. A theoretical framework, provided by several theories related to personality, leadership, and types of intelligence, created a lens through which to analyze study results. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form was used to gather data on EI from a random sample of over 200 company leaders. At least 40 participants from each of 5 countries-Canada, Mexico, Slovakia, Turkey, and the United States-were included. The research question was tested using analysis of variance to determine any role of nationality in the EI of company leaders. Findings suggested there was no relationship between nationality and EI. This study contributed to the leadership field by indicating direction for future research. Results suggested that a more effective leadership training model may emphasize cultural factors, rather than nationality. It may also be important to consider how required leadership skills differ between domestic and international employees. A revised model may serve as a guide in the development of tools for educators, trainers, and students working in the modern business world.

Le village wa-paraok de Wengding, qualifié de « dernière tribu primitive de Chine » par les autorités chinoises locales et nationales, est au centre d’un projet de développement touristique. Dans ce cadre, il est l'objet d'aménagements pour préserver et (re)présenter la « culture de la nationalité wa » chinoise. Cette thèse analyse les changements socio-culturels au cœur de l’arène touristique, en considérant la profondeur historique des relations entre autorités chinoises centrales et ses périphéries. Si le projet, porté par des acteurs extérieurs reconfigurent le quotidien des villageois, ces derniers négocient continuellement leurs manières d’être au monde et d’être dans le monde. Le tourisme est ainsi un acteur de recomposition dynamique des identités. / The Wa-Paraok village of Wengding, described as "China last primitive tribe" by local and national chinese authorities, is the target of an ethnic tourism development plan. It has been staged to preserve and (re)present the Chinese “Wa nationality culture”. This thesis analyzes the socio-cultural transformations that happened in the tourism arena, considering the long history of relations between Chinese authorities and their outskirts. If the tourism plan, initiated by external agents, reconfigure the villagers’ daily life, they constantly reinvent their being in the world. The touristic arena is thus a place of dynamic reshaping of identities.

<p>Uppsatsen handlar om hur tibetaner använder sig av Internet i strävan efter en nationell identitet och i kampen för ett fritt Tibet. Med information från fyra tibetaner analyseras olika webbplatser kopplade till den tibetanska diasporan för att se om denna koppling finns. Med hjälp av tidigare diaspora forskning och Benedict Andersons tankar om en föreställd gemenskap görs en analys av kopplingen mellan diasporan, Internet och en föreställd gemenskap. Abstracts: This essay discuss how Tibetans use Internet in their effort to maintain a national identity and their struggle for a free Tibet. With information from four Tibetans, Internet sites connected to the Diaspora is analyzed to see if this connection exists. With help from earlier Diasporaresearch and Benedict Andersons thoughts about imagined communities the essay analyse the connection between Diaspora, Internet and imagined communities.</p>

This exploratory multiple embedded case study investigates perspectives on education reform under conditions of minority language endangerment in Sunan Yughur Autonomous County, a minority-district in northwest China. The study included three school sites: a Yughur minority urban school; a Yughur minority rural district school, and a Yughur majority rural district school and four embedded cases: school administrators, teachers, parents and students, of Yughur, other minority, or Han nationality. Adult stakeholders were interviewed on what is important to learn in “education for quality”, and what aspects of Yughur knowledge, culture and language should be included in school curriculum as part of education for quality, while students were asked what they enjoyed studying and whether they would enjoy learning stories, poems and songs in Yughur in school. Findings include strong support among parents and students regardless of ethnicity or school site for Yughur language and culture as “essential qualities” to foster in Sunan County school curriculum, with moderate to weak support among educators ranges with some variation among sites. Three parallel visions emerge from the study of what it means today for Chinese minority student to be an educated person in contemporary China: (a) regular Chinese-medium education; (b) multicultural Chinese-medium education; and (c) maintenance bilingual education in Yughur and Chinese. The third vision envisions developing additive bilinguals who know the heritage of their minority as well as the national curriculum in Mandarin. A vision of balanced bilingualism and multiculturalism that sees heritage languages and Mandarin as “resources” is shared by the large majority of parents and students, most teachers and some administrators. Holders of other visions for local minority education largely share a “Language as Problem” orientation towards minority languages. One aim of devolution of school-based curriculum authority is to develop schools’ individuality. This study reveals three divergent models of local schooling that have developed in one minority school district: one that centres on a monolingual model of national culture, one monolingual, multicultural model, and one bilingual, multicultural model, with the latter model corresponding more closely to minority stakeholder perspectives that schools should play a stronger role in the maintenance and revitalization of their cultural and linguistic heritage.

Uppsatsen handlar om hur tibetaner använder sig av Internet i strävan efter en nationell identitet och i kampen för ett fritt Tibet. Med information från fyra tibetaner analyseras olika webbplatser kopplade till den tibetanska diasporan för att se om denna koppling finns. Med hjälp av tidigare diaspora forskning och Benedict Andersons tankar om en föreställd gemenskap görs en analys av kopplingen mellan diasporan, Internet och en föreställd gemenskap. Abstracts: This essay discuss how Tibetans use Internet in their effort to maintain a national identity and their struggle for a free Tibet. With information from four Tibetans, Internet sites connected to the Diaspora is analyzed to see if this connection exists. With help from earlier Diasporaresearch and Benedict Andersons thoughts about imagined communities the essay analyse the connection between Diaspora, Internet and imagined communities.

This exploratory multiple embedded case study investigates perspectives on education reform under conditions of minority language endangerment in Sunan Yughur Autonomous County, a minority-district in northwest China. The study included three school sites: a Yughur minority urban school; a Yughur minority rural district school, and a Yughur majority rural district school and four embedded cases: school administrators, teachers, parents and students, of Yughur, other minority, or Han nationality. Adult stakeholders were interviewed on what is important to learn in “education for quality”, and what aspects of Yughur knowledge, culture and language should be included in school curriculum as part of education for quality, while students were asked what they enjoyed studying and whether they would enjoy learning stories, poems and songs in Yughur in school. Findings include strong support among parents and students regardless of ethnicity or school site for Yughur language and culture as “essential qualities” to foster in Sunan County school curriculum, with moderate to weak support among educators ranges with some variation among sites. Three parallel visions emerge from the study of what it means today for Chinese minority student to be an educated person in contemporary China: (a) regular Chinese-medium education; (b) multicultural Chinese-medium education; and (c) maintenance bilingual education in Yughur and Chinese. The third vision envisions developing additive bilinguals who know the heritage of their minority as well as the national curriculum in Mandarin. A vision of balanced bilingualism and multiculturalism that sees heritage languages and Mandarin as “resources” is shared by the large majority of parents and students, most teachers and some administrators. Holders of other visions for local minority education largely share a “Language as Problem” orientation towards minority languages. One aim of devolution of school-based curriculum authority is to develop schools’ individuality. This study reveals three divergent models of local schooling that have developed in one minority school district: one that centres on a monolingual model of national culture, one monolingual, multicultural model, and one bilingual, multicultural model, with the latter model corresponding more closely to minority stakeholder perspectives that schools should play a stronger role in the maintenance and revitalization of their cultural and linguistic heritage.