This thesis presents the development and results of a research work that proposes a method of designing incremental services that works for knowledge management environments via Internet, called e-services. This method is based on the principles of collaborative design-by which all organizational profiles provide specific design tasks, and the idea of incremental progression of projects, increasing at each stage of production the formal features and functionality artifact. The thesis begins with a theoretical study in which we present the main concepts and features three main areas: 1) new business models and scenarios that emerge from them, as so-called "open innovation" and "living labs"; 2) The research in the design field, which involved paradigms as "collaborative design" that governs the development of this doctoral research; 3) Theory of distributed cognition, studying the characteristics of cognitive development of subjects in different environments using different types of artifacts. A second part of the thesis presents the results of empirical exploration based on the concepts, features and phases of action research method. This chapter presents the incremental design method -main contribution of the thesis- and explains how it has been tested on two projects undertaken by the organization in which research is conducted. These projects make contributions in two different environments in knowledge management area. The projects are the development (following the proposed method) of e-health service to support the treatment of the disease of dysphagia; and systematization of incremental design method by implementing a workflow tool that is useful in everyday activity of the collective multidisciplinary research that develops the thesis. From empirical exploration emerge qualitative and quantitative results that are intended to validate the proposed methodology and are exposed in the thesis document. Finally, the last chapter presents general conclusions and specific work and contributions this makes to the scientific community, as well as suggesting some future research that may follow the experience presented here. / El presente documento presenta la evolución y resultados del trabajo de investigación que tiene como objetivo proponer un método incremental de diseño de servicios concebidos para entornos de gestión del conocimiento a través de Internet, denominados e-services. Dicho método se basa en los principios del diseño colaborativo -según los cuales todos los perfiles de la organización aportan tareas de diseño específicas- y en la idea de la progresión incremental de los proyectos, aumentando en cada fase de producción las funcionalidades y características formales del artefacto. El método propuesto ha sido puesto en práctica por un grupo de investigación multidisciplinario dedicado a la realización de diversos proyectos en el ámbito de la gestión del conocimiento.

Over the last few decades trends such as globalization have sharpened up competition on the worldwide open market and in order to meet customers demand high level of technological and competitive uncertainties have increased the pressure of reducing R&D budgets, reduce innovation cycles and shorter time to market as a consequence of the rising competition and as a result, forced companies to source external knowledge. One way of doing this is by tapping external information and knowledge from universities.China is a country with a steady rapid growth on science and technology, but also with a progressively increasing R&D. Today they have the highest input level in the history and this is an opportunity for Western MNCs to establish collaborations in order to gain competitive advantages and create new technology. This study focuses on Industry-University collaborations in China for high technological companies and the process of finding knowledge and establishes networks at Chinese universities with the aim of establish Industry-University collaboration. Based on literature review and a qualitative study of Chinese universities, this thesis explores how a MNC can build a network of local universities connection in a fast growing market and use this network as a source of technology scouting.Over the last few decades trends such as globalization have sharpened up competition on the worldwide open market and in order to meet customers demand high level of technological and competitive uncertainties have increased the pressure of reducing R&D budgets, reduce innovation cycles and shorter time to market as a consequence of the rising competition and as a result, forced companies to source external knowledge. One way of doing this is by tapping external information and knowledge from universities.China is a country with a steady rapid growth on science and technology, but also with a progressively increasing R&D. Today they have the highest input level in the history and this is an opportunity for Western MNCs to establish collaborations in order to gain competitive advantages and create new technology. This study focuses on Industry-University collaborations in China for high technological companies and the process of finding knowledge and establishes networks at Chinese universities with the aim of establish Industry-University collaboration. Based on literature review and a qualitative study of Chinese universities, this thesis explores how a MNC can build a network of local universities connection in a fast growing market and use this network as a source of technology scouting.

Innovation assoziieren wir mit Technologie und Wirtschaft. Begriffliche Alternativen wie die „nicht-technologischen“ oder „sozialen Innovationen“ verweisen in der Regel auf eine Residualkategorie nicht-ökonomischer Randbedingungen des wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs von Innovationen, oder werden so allgemein verwandt, dass sie als unterdefinierte Container-Begriffe zu kaum mehr als zum Transport unterschiedlichster ökonomisierungsskeptischer Ressentiments taugen. Insgesamt ist schliesslich immer wieder unklar, ob der Begriff auf neue Objekte oder den Prozess der Neuerung angewandt werden soll, oder er erst dann Sinn macht, wenn das Neue weite Teile der Gesellschaft und hier vorzugsweise eben wieder den ökonomischen Markt erreicht hat. Entsprechend spricht man mitunter von der Innovation als Paradoxon (John 2005). Vor diesem Hintergrund verfolgt die vorliegende Arbeit zwei Anliegen: Zum wird in Anwendung der Theo-rie sozialer Systeme (Luhmann 1987, 1997) ein dreidimensionales Modell entwickelt das den Umgang mit dem paradoxen Phänomen erheblich erleichtert: wie alles das Sinn macht hat Innovation demnach eine Sach-, eine Zeit- und eine Sozialdimension, und erscheint entsprechend sowohl als sachliche Neuheit, als zeitlicher Wandel und als sozialer Vorteil. Zum anderen wird die Sozialdimension der Innovation als For-schungslücke vorgestellt, die auch von Innovationssoziologen bislang nicht systematisch bearbeitet wird. Im Sinne erster Aufnahmen aus der bislang unterbelichteten Sozialdimension werden Grundtypen sozialer Beziehungen entwickelt und der Unterschied aufgezeigt, den die Innovation als Vorteil im jeweiligen Fall macht. Hochauflösendere Bilder scheitern dabei allerdings am Fehlen einer spezifischen Soziologie des Vorteils. Immerhin aber gelingt noch ein überraschender Schnappschuss: Da es neben ökonomischen noch eine ganze Reihe weiterer Vorteile gibt, können wir die wirtschaftliche Innovation als Sonderfall der Innovation präsentieren. Entsprechend lassen sich nun auch robuste Innovationen vorstellen, die in mehr als einer Wettbewerbssphäre der Gesellschaft Vorteile bringen und die uns als besonders nachhaltige und profit-able Form von Innovation gelten können.

Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH SUMMARY: The research documents the development of a conceptual framework, the improbable circumstances strategic (ICS) framework, which guides organisations in the preparation for improbable circumstances. Four fields include: strategic management, innovation, systems thinking and complexity theories (black swans). The black swan principle was introduced with its applicability to the 2008 economic crisis. The black swan is an event which is retrospective in its predictability, highly improbable and carries extreme impact. There are various principles to cope with black swans which will now play a role in strategic management. Strategic management is studied from a systems thinking perspective which is a school of thought that strategy is a process which an organisation should follow from analysis, synthesis, implementation through to the operation phase. Some tools applicable to the analysis and synthesis phases were studied to give a greater understanding of the current field of strategic management. Innovation is an underlying principle which supports the strategic process. Innovation is a field which is currently not playing a large role in the strategy process. The principles of the innovation life cycle, innovation management and open innovation were studied to support the framework as well as create awareness around the advantages thereof within the field strategy. The dissertation uses aspects of these four fields to form the ICS framework. The framework consists of four phases: the analysis phase; the improbable event creation phase; the fragility analysis phase; and the synthesis phase. The first three phases run parallel with the current analysis phase of strategic management as the ICS framework is not designed to replace the strategic management process, but to add to it. The synthesis phase is where the design of the strategic plan for improbable circumstances takes place. Each phase sets out the inputs, requirements and deliverables needed for the successful implementation of the framework. Some tools for each of the phases are given, but they are given merely as a guideline as different organisations have the infrastructure for different tools. The framework is partially validated by being able to apply various tools to each phase, but the framework’s place in the field of strategy should be validated. The validation is done through interviews with eight industry experts in the four fields of study discussed. The results show a positive response with a call for future study through implementation, a tracking of the framework through this implementation and critical factors that arise from that. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing beskryf die ontwikkeling van ‘n moontlike raamwerk; die onverwagte omstandigheids strategiese (ICS) raamwerk, wat organisasies met die voorbereiding vir onverwagte gebeure kan help. Vier areas word beskryf wat insluit: strategiese bestuur, innovasie, stelsels denke en kompleksiteitsteorie(swart swane). Die swart swaan beginsel is gebruik weens die toepasbaarheid daarvan op die ekonomiese krisis van 2008. ‘n Swart swaan is ‘n gebeurtenis wat terugwerkend voorspelbaar is, baie onwaarskynlik en ‘n groot impak het. Daar is verskeie beginsels om swart swane te hanteer wat vorentoe ‘n rol in strategiese bestuur kan speel. Strategiese bestuur word vanuit ‘n stelsels denke oogpunt bekyk wat strategie as die proses sien wat ‘n organisasie moet volg van analises, saamvoeging en implimentering tot die bedryfsfase. Sommige tegnieke wat op analises en sintese gerig is, is ondersoek om ‘n groter begrip van strategiese bestuur te gee. Innovasie is die onderliggende beginsel wat die strategiese proses ondersteun. Innovasie speel tans nie ‘n noemenswaardige rol in die strategie proses nie. Beginsels van die innovasie siklus, innovasiebestuur en oop innovasie is ondersoek om die raamwerk te ondersteun asook om ‘n bewuswording van die voordele daarvan in strategie uit te wys. Hierdie verhandeling bespreek vier fases van die ICS raamwerk: analises; die onverwagte gebeurtenis skepping; kwesbaarheids analises; en sintese fases. Die eerste drie fases word parallel met die bestaande analitiese fases van strategie bestuur as die ICS raamwerk gedoen en is nie ontwerp om die strategie bestuurs proses te vervang nie, maar om daartoe by te dra. Gedurende die sintese fase word die ontwerp van die strategiese plan vir onverwagte gebeure gedoen. Elke fase beskryf die toevoer, benodigdhede en aflewerbares nodig vir die suksesvolle implimentering van die raamwerk. Sommige hulpmiddels vir elk van die fases word gegee, maar slegs as ‘n riglyn want verskillende organisasies het die infrastruktuur vir verskillende hulpmiddels. Die raaamwerk word deels gekontroleer deur dat dit moontlik is om verskeie hulpmiddels op elke fase toe te pas, maar die plek van die raamwerk in die area van strategie moet gekontroleer word. Kontrole is gedoen deur dit met agt industrie kenners in die vier studie velde te bespreek. Die resultate toon ‘n positiewe reaksie vir toekomstige navorsing deur implimentering en die navolg van die raamwerk deur hierdie implimentering en die kritiese faktore wat daaruit mag voorvloei te doen.

Numérisation, nouvelle économie du Web ont créé de nouvelles pratiques de consommer et de travailler avec les dispositifs Internet. Les acteurs de l’innovation (laboratoires publics, acteurs de la R&D, collectivités locales, etc.) s’engagent de façon croissante vers des modèles alternatifs de conception distribuée. Des « lead-users » au « crowdsourcing », ces modèles de conception collaborative distribuée prennent notamment appui sur le potentiel de diffusion et de communication offert par l'Internet et la mutualisation de ressources qu'il autorise. L’ambition est ici de construire des espaces de conception et coopération ouverts, réunissant des concepteurs issus d’horizons divers et multipliant les interfaces collaboratives avec des utilisateurs expérimentés de façon à conduire à la définition conjointe de nouveaux produits combinant les technologies et les compétences apportées par chaque entité partie prenante.La thèse propose de développer une connaissance et d’opérer un retour réflexif à partir d’études de cas sur ces nouveaux modèles d’intermédiation de marché et d’innovation. Elle cherche à raisonner les échanges coopératifs en s’intéressant d’une part aux dispositifs qui les supportent (interfaces), d’autre part à la construction des règles de fonctionnement de ce type de « communauté modulaire » (individus dispersés en termes géographiques, organisationnels, culturels, hétérogénéité des profils), cependant engagée dans la mise en commun des connaissances et l’intégration des compétences autour d’assemblages technologiques nouveaux. Les axes de recherche pour répondre à ces questions s’organisent autour des interfaces et instrumentations des processus de coordination, des systèmes d’échange économiques et sociaux (contribution/rétribution) et du fonctionnement et régulation communautaire. / Scanning, new Web economy have created new practices to consume and work with Internet devices. The innovation actors (public laboratories, from R & D, local authorities, etc.) are committed increasingly to alternative models distributed design. The "lead-users" to "crowdsourcing", these distributed collaborative design models are notably supported the potential of dissemination and communication offered by the Internet and the pooling of resources authorized. The ambition here is to build open development and cooperation areas, bringing together designers from different backgrounds and multiplying collaborative interfaces with experienced users in order to lead to the joint definition of new products combining technologies and skills made each entity involved.The thesis proposes to develop knowledge and operate a reflexive return from case studies on these new models of market intermediation and innovation. She tries to reason with the cooperative exchange by focusing on the one hand to devices that support (interfaces) on the other hand the construction of the operating rules of this type of "modular community" (individuals scattered geographically, organizational, cultural, diversity of profiles), however, engaged in the sharing of knowledge and integration skills around new technological assemblies. Research areas to address these issues are organized around the instrumentation interfaces and coordination processes of economic and social exchange systems (contribution / reward) and operation and community control.

Orientador: José Alcides Gobbo Junior / Banca: Marcos Augusto de Vasconcellos / Banca: José Paulo Alves Fusco / Resumo: A importância da prática de inovação, por parte das empresas, já está evidente na literatura (FREEMAN, 1982; HINDMOON, 2008; TAALITA et al., 2006), como um mecanismo eficiente no que diz respeito ao seu desenvolvimento, crescimento e lucratividade. Assim, o principal desafio passa a ser como praticar a inovação, e não mais em relação à sua importância. Neste contexto, a literatura (CALIA, 2007; BRITTO, 2002; TERRA; PLONSK, 2006; AMATO NETO, 2005) parece indicar que as redes surgem como uma forma de viabilização das inovações, podendo oferecer as condições necessárias ao seu desenvolvimento. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo central um aprofundamento na compreensão das redes de transformação. Essas redes são as responsáveis por auxiliar na interligação entre as redes de exploração (criação do conhecimento) e as redes de aplicação (aplicação e utilização do conhecimento). Buscar-se ainda identificar possíveis práticas e ferramentas presentes nas redes de transformação que possam acelerar o processo de inovação. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi o estudo de caso, realizado em duas empresas do setor químico do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os estudos de caso apresentados foram analisados, segundo o modelo de processo de inovação em redes proposto por Gobbo Júnior e Olsson (2010), que descrevem os tipos de redes abertas, fechadas e de transformação, bem como identificam os tipos de atores presentes na interface entre as redes de exploração e aplicação, sugerindo que a inovação é um processo em rede que ocorre em sentido horário ao modelo apresentado. As pesquisas realizadas nas duas empresas corroboraram com os dados apresentados pelo modelo de inovação proposto por Gobbo Júnior e Olsson (2010), em que foi possível identificar não apenas os atores presentes nas redes de exploração e aplicação, mas também os ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The importance of innovation practice by enterprises is already evident in literature (FREEMAN, 1982, HINDMOON, 2008; TAALITA et al., 2006), as an efficient mechanism concerning its development, growt and profit. then, the main challenge is how to practice such innovation, and not its importance anymore. In this context, the literature (CALIA, 2007; BRITTO, 2002; TERRA; PLONSK, 2006; AMATO NETO, 2005), seem to indicate that the networks seem to arise as the feasibility of the innovations offering suitable conditions for its development. In this way, the current research aims mainly to go deeper into the network transformation and comprehension. These networks are responsible for the interlink support, among the network exploration (the knowledge creation), and the network applying (applying and use of knowledge). Yet, it is searched how to identify possible practices and tools in the network transformation, which may accelerate the innovation process. The approach methodology used was a case study help in two interprises in the chemical field within Sao Paulo state. The case studies were examined according to the innovation process model in networks, proposed by Gobbo Junior and Olsson (2010), which describes the types of external, closed and network transformation, and identify the types of actors in the interface between the network exploration and innovation as well, occurring articlockwise compared to the shown model. The two researches help in both enterprises corroborated with data pointed out by the innovation model offered by Gobbo Junior and Olsson (2010), making it possible to identify not only the actors in the exploration and innovation networks but also the intermediate actors related to the process. It was also possible to identify the path of the innovation process in networks by such actors. In the first case, it is was the enterprise which moved along the network, while ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:33:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vitoreli_mc_me_bauru.pdf: 589676 bytes, checksum: cef1a3d0e23c4926909d7576a6ecc20b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A importância da prática de inovação, por parte das empresas, já está evidente na literatura (FREEMAN, 1982; HINDMOON, 2008; TAALITA et al., 2006), como um mecanismo eficiente no que diz respeito ao seu desenvolvimento, crescimento e lucratividade. Assim, o principal desafio passa a ser como praticar a inovação, e não mais em relação à sua importância. Neste contexto, a literatura (CALIA, 2007; BRITTO, 2002; TERRA; PLONSK, 2006; AMATO NETO, 2005) parece indicar que as redes surgem como uma forma de viabilização das inovações, podendo oferecer as condições necessárias ao seu desenvolvimento. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo central um aprofundamento na compreensão das redes de transformação. Essas redes são as responsáveis por auxiliar na interligação entre as redes de exploração (criação do conhecimento) e as redes de aplicação (aplicação e utilização do conhecimento). Buscar-se ainda identificar possíveis práticas e ferramentas presentes nas redes de transformação que possam acelerar o processo de inovação. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi o estudo de caso, realizado em duas empresas do setor químico do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os estudos de caso apresentados foram analisados, segundo o modelo de processo de inovação em redes proposto por Gobbo Júnior e Olsson (2010), que descrevem os tipos de redes abertas, fechadas e de transformação, bem como identificam os tipos de atores presentes na interface entre as redes de exploração e aplicação, sugerindo que a inovação é um processo em rede que ocorre em sentido horário ao modelo apresentado. As pesquisas realizadas nas duas empresas corroboraram com os dados apresentados pelo modelo de inovação proposto por Gobbo Júnior e Olsson (2010), em que foi possível identificar não apenas os atores presentes nas redes de exploração e aplicação, mas também os... / The importance of innovation practice by enterprises is already evident in literature (FREEMAN, 1982, HINDMOON, 2008; TAALITA et al., 2006), as an efficient mechanism concerning its development, growt and profit. then, the main challenge is how to practice such innovation, and not its importance anymore. In this context, the literature (CALIA, 2007; BRITTO, 2002; TERRA; PLONSK, 2006; AMATO NETO, 2005), seem to indicate that the networks seem to arise as the feasibility of the innovations offering suitable conditions for its development. In this way, the current research aims mainly to go deeper into the network transformation and comprehension. These networks are responsible for the interlink support, among the network exploration (the knowledge creation), and the network applying (applying and use of knowledge). Yet, it is searched how to identify possible practices and tools in the network transformation, which may accelerate the innovation process. The approach methodology used was a case study help in two interprises in the chemical field within Sao Paulo state. The case studies were examined according to the innovation process model in networks, proposed by Gobbo Junior and Olsson (2010), which describes the types of external, closed and network transformation, and identify the types of actors in the interface between the network exploration and innovation as well, occurring articlockwise compared to the shown model. The two researches help in both enterprises corroborated with data pointed out by the innovation model offered by Gobbo Junior and Olsson (2010), making it possible to identify not only the actors in the exploration and innovation networks but also the intermediate actors related to the process. It was also possible to identify the path of the innovation process in networks by such actors. In the first case, it is was the enterprise which moved along the network, while ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4036.pdf: 3508724 bytes, checksum: 13057bc7848561b4759c3f3d56d24396 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-09 / É cada vez maior o número de organizações que deixam de concentrar todo o processo de inovação em suas equipes internas e passam a adotar um modelo aberto de inovação, conhecido como open innovation, o qual valoriza de maneira similar tanto o conhecimento interno quanto o conhecimento externo na execução das atividades de P&D. Uma das fontes de conhecimento externo à organização é a universidade, onde as pesquisas geram tecnologias que estão sendo cada vez mais aproveitadas pelas empresas do setor produtivo para desenvolverem inovações a serem comercializadas no mercado. Contudo, a aproximação da universidade com a indústria está sujeita a entraves que dificultam ou até impedem a relação de cooperação. Assim, dentro deste contexto, esta tese foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de verificar como ocorre a participação da universidade nos processos de inovação tecnológica de uma empresa que, além de seus conhecimentos internos, busca novos conhecimentos em fontes externas. Para tanto foi realizada uma ampla revisão da literatura, seguida de um trabalho de campo, em que se aplicou uma configuração de investigação que dividiu a problemática em três grandes dimensões: inovação, busca por fontes externas e relação universidade-empresa. O trabalho de campo consistiu de um estudo de casos múltiplos com quatro empresas, cujos dados coletados foram analisados por meio do método qualitativo, utilizando a técnica da análise de conteúdo. De maneira geral, foi possível observar que há um processo evolutivo de amadurecimento e importância na participação das universidades nos processos de inovação tecnológica das empresas, com indicação de continuidade, graças aos esforços conjuntos das três esferas envolvidas nessa relação, ou seja, universidades, empresas e governo. Uma vez que esteja alinhada à estratégia de negócio da empresa, a inovação se torna em fonte de vantagem competitiva, de modo que as necessidades específicas de seus clientes possam ser atendidas mais prontamente. A questão da propriedade intelectual é um ponto central na estratégia de inovação, especialmente quando se usa o modelo aberto, em que é importante a real identificação da titularidade das inovações. Contudo, observou-se que é inviável o estabelecimento de um único padrão para definir a divisão da propriedade intelectual e os ganhos resultantes da exploração de tecnologias na relação universidadeempresa. Quando os modelos de negócios das empresas e das universidades são bem compreendidos, a possibilidade de objetivos conflitantes é reduzida, prevalecendo a complementaridade dos modelos, o que contribui para agregar maior valor a toda a cadeia. A relação das empresas com institutos de pesquisa e universidades tem evoluído e tende a melhorar com os apoios dos órgãos do governo e com as novas estruturas das universidades que passaram a vigorar com a Lei da Inovação brasileira. Esse ainda é um processo em desenvolvimento que precisa ser melhor compreendido e explorado para que os benefícios propostos sejam de fato utilizados pelos setores produtivos e o meio acadêmico.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-03T13:44:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoadeCortezGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 25617717 bytes, checksum: 6a5dfdc15e5526ccc2782aa2a35e5422 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-07T12:54:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoadeCortezGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 25617717 bytes, checksum: 6a5dfdc15e5526ccc2782aa2a35e5422 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T12:54:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoadeCortezGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 25617717 bytes, checksum: 6a5dfdc15e5526ccc2782aa2a35e5422 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / Um dos desafios que se apresenta ao se adotar o crowdsourcing como abordagem no processo de melhoria e inova??o de uma organiza??o ? a assertividade na sele??o das ideias a serem desenvolvidas, principalmente quando h? um alto volume de contribui??es. O objetivo desta disserta??o ? propor um sistema de avalia??o de ideias em pr?ticas crowdsourcing. Para isso, realizou-se uma revis?o bibliogr?fica sistem?tica acerca dos temas crowdsourcing e avalia??o de ideias e, por meio de um modelo conceitual, validou-se o mesmo a partir de um estudo de caso no Escrit?rio de Ideias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Para tal fim, considerou-se as caracter?sticas da organiza??o estudada e as opini?es de especialistas de diferentes ?reas do conhecimento, mediante uma sess?o de focus group, visando como tema a efici?ncia energ?tica. Como resultado, apresenta-se um modelo de avalia??o de ideias, contemplando os crit?rios e m?todos necess?rios para compor um sistema eficiente de avalia??o quando aplicados a partir de uma abordagem crowdsourcing, e os fatores que os influenciam. / One of the challenges to adopting crowdsourcing as an approach in the process of improvement and innovation of an organization is the assertiveness in the selection of ideas to be developed, especially when there is a high volume of contributions. The purpose of this dissertation is to propose a evaluation system of ideas in a crowdsourcing approach. For this, a systematic literature review was conducted on the subjects crowdsourcing and ideas evaluation and, through a conceptual model, the system of evaluation of ideas was validated from a case study in the ?Escrit?rio de Ideias? of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. For this, the characteristics of the organization studied and the opinions of specialists, of different areas of knowledge, were considered through a focus group session, focusing on energy efficiency. As a result, a model of ideas evaluation was proposed, contemplating the criteria and methods necessary to compose an efficient system of evaluation when applied from a crowdsourcing approach, and the factors that influence them.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-30T14:43:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese doutorado Jorge da Silva Correia Neto [06.11.2014].pdf: 6869242 bytes, checksum: 859d82433e3beb695a98d4cea3caf069 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-30T14:43:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese doutorado Jorge da Silva Correia Neto [06.11.2014].pdf: 6869242 bytes, checksum: 859d82433e3beb695a98d4cea3caf069 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-06 / Há décadas consultores e acadêmicos discutem sobre o apoio da tecnologia da informação no âmbito das organizações, inclusive como suporte ao trabalho em grupo. Contudo, a partir do início do século XXI, com o surgimento da web 2.0, mais social e interativa, novos aspectos passaram a demandar aprofundamento. Neste ângulo e constatando que o modelo para o desenvolvimento de sistemas colaborativos mais utilizado tem suas raízes ainda nos anos 1990, a presente tese buscou identificar, no contexto dos processos de inovação aberta, quais dimensões deve apresentar um framework de colaboração interativa que se aproprie dessa realidade da web 2.0. Visando embasar essa discussão, foram buscadas as lentes das teorias estruturacionais, das trocas sociais e da atividade, além dos modelos de colaboração existentes. Cumprida esta etapa, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo e exploratório-descritivo que buscou, por meio de dois estudos de caso instrumentais, um no Brasil e outro nos EUA, alicerçados em pesquisa documental, entrevistas e análise das funcionalidades disponibilizadas pelas plataformas de inovação aberta, elencar e discutir sobre as dimensões integrantes do framework de colaboração interativa proposto. Os resultados confirmaram as expectativas iniciais ao identificar as dimensões comunicação, coordenação, cooperação como dimensões legadas e a interatividade como dimensão emergente nas plataformas estudadas. A partir desses resultados foi possível, de fato, propor o framework i3C de colaboração, composto pelas quatro dimensões citadas, e considerá-lo uma contribuição para a academia e para a prática empresarial quando da construção de plataformas de colaboração aberta voltadas à web 2.0. / During decades practitioners and academics have discussed how information technology supports organizations, including the support to workgroups. However, since early 21st century, through the emergence of Web 2.0, more social and interactive, new aspects started demanding deepening. Once the model for the development of the most used collaborative systems has its roots in the 1990s, this thesis sought to identify, in the context of open innovation processes, which dimensions should provide a framework for interactive collaboration which appropriates this new reality of Web 2.0. Aiming to support this discussion, lenses from the theories of structuration, social exchange and activity were used, in addition to the existing models of collaboration. The qualitative and descriptive exploratory study identified a list of dimensions related to the interactive collaboration framework being proposed, by means of two instrumental case studies, one in Brazil and one in the USA, using document analysis, content analysis of interviews and the analysis of the features made available through open innovation platforms. The results confirmed the initial expectations and identified four dimensions: communication, coordination, cooperation and interactivity, which can be observed in the studied platforms. Based on these findings, the framework for interactive collaboration i3C was proposed. This framework was composed by these four dimensions and represents a contribution to academy and to business practice, supporting the building process of open collaboration platforms on the web 2.0 context. A partir desses resultados foi possível, de fato, propor o framework i3C de colaboração, composto pelas quatro dimensões citadas, e considerá-lo uma contribuição para a academia e para a prática empresarial quando da construção de plataformas de colaboração aberta voltadas à web 2.0.